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Joe Biden
Transcripts White House Calendar White House Press Releases

S. Hrg. 107-195 - The Bankruptcy Reform Act of 2001

Topics
Entities
Moderation
Speakers
Topics
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Entities
No entities found
Moderation
No moderation found
Speakers
Full Transcript

Orrin Hatch

We are happy to welcome you all out to the committee this morning. I will give my remarks immediately after Senator Specter, who wants to introduce Judge Becker from the Third Circuit Court of Appeals, and then we will move on from there with the Ranking Member and then to Judge Becker.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.772
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.009934845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0029993376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0029051092
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005558584
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005153679
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0004625391
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001086626
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.31026E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.82916E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3274E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.0445E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
60.1
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
10.5
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14

Orrin Hatch

STATEMENT OF HON. ARLEN SPECTER, A U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0296009326
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0167654813
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0056033918
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0032157877
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006490159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004899569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004113263
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001162811
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
3.76457E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.2936E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.0164E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
83.9
Gunning-Fog Score
4.5
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
6.1
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
1.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Arlen Specter

Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman, for your courtesy in permitting me to start. I have another commitment which I have to attend to.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.765
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0340282655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.009803375
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0029218378
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0018835482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002546868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001769466
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.75324E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.71013E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.19059E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.2174E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.6721E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
75.3
Gunning-Fog Score
9.9
Coleman-Liau Index
9.7
SMOG Index
9.9
Automated Readability Index
3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.7
Sprache Readability Score
2.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Arlen Specter

It is a great pleasure for me to present Chief Judge Edward Roy Becker from the Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit to this committee. I haven't known Judge Becker very long, only 51 years. We rode the elevated train from northeast Philadelphia to the University of Pennsylvania.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.832
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0272452657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0230356673
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0154171707
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0129928318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.003595509
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0022436421
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0018524735
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0006881381
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003197564
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
4.65119E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.2415E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59
Gunning-Fog Score
8.2
Coleman-Liau Index
11.5
SMOG Index
10.6
Automated Readability Index
8.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.7
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16

Arlen Specter

I am substantially older than Judge Becker. He was a freshman when I was a senior. He started at the University of Pennsylvania in the fall of 1950, and I had the opportunity to coach the University of Pennsylvania debating team when Judge Becker was a senior.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.5554029252
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.3705101553
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1918698661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0251583464
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.014119361
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0075178279
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0031924646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.002225223
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0021547572
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0005439995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.90212E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.9
Gunning-Fog Score
10.5
Coleman-Liau Index
10
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12

Arlen Specter

We went to Boston to debate the Norfolk State prisoners, Senator Kennedy, and the subject was resolved that the communist party should be outlawed. The five chief editors from the newspapers -- Irwin Cannon was one of the judges of that debate, and I am not pleased to tell you that Judge Becker and I lost to the Norfolk State prisoners. We had a very large audience, about 1,000 inmates.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.95551
VADER
-0.723
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.5554029252
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.3705101553
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1918698661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0251583464
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.014119361
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0075178279
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0031924646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.002225223
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0021547572
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0005439995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.90212E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.7
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
9.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20

Joe Kennedy III

Which side were you on, Senator?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0034606324
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0023444269
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013529265
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006584032
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004693586
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002201501
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
9.03777E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.2864E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.587E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.197E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.73E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
87.9
Gunning-Fog Score
2.4
Coleman-Liau Index
8.7
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
1.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.9
Sprache Readability Score
1.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
1
Sprache Difficult Word Count
1

Note

[Laughter.]
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0039539413
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0019505247
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0014740108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0013681407
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.001122608
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005330413
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005021865
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.15942E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.75441E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.9997E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.1759E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
Gunning-Fog Score
Coleman-Liau Index
SMOG Index
Automated Readability Index
Dale-Chall Readability Score
Sprache Readability Score
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
Sprache Difficult Word Count

Arlen Specter

They had to take the side of law and order to urge outlawing the communist party. We had 1,000 people. That is what you call a real captive audience, the quintessential.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.402
Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0109126748
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0041081144
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0035867215
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0030870513
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005375321
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004660837
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001800202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001615847
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001270888
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.98127E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.1322E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
77
Gunning-Fog Score
9.3
Coleman-Liau Index
8.1
SMOG Index
9.9
Automated Readability Index
3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.5
Sprache Readability Score
2.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7

Arlen Specter

Judge Becker graduated Phi Beta Kappa from the University of Pennsylvania and the Yale Law School, where again we were together in the law school. He graduated in the class of 1957 and he had a very unusual career as an active lawyer, a business lawyer, a trial lawyer, and a Republican committeeman.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.402
Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0347139372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0085796441
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0034610151
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010766153
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0009100162
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002070155
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001618645
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001210318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.11255E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.2705E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.631E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.1
Gunning-Fog Score
16.6
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Arlen Specter

I would say that Judge Becker is one of the few, if not the only Federal judges to have earned his judgeship both ways, by merit and by politics. It was a confluence of factors. He was on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania at the age of 37, and he was elevated to the Third Circuit in 1970 and he is now the Chief Judge, bringing an enormous number of innovative ideas, one of the real leaders of the American bar and the American judiciary. If there should ever be another vacancy on the Supreme Court of the United States, we could start the confirmation hearing this morning.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.941
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0101565987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0071988798
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0023204379
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0015283284
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010641384
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004010943
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003274859
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.60835E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.14634E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.793E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.1E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.7
Gunning-Fog Score
14.6
Coleman-Liau Index
9.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29

Arlen Specter

As you can tell, Mr. Chairman, it is a long, very intimate friendship with Chief Judge Becker, and I know that he has some words of wisdom for the committee.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.764
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.007314518
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0060869381
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016958409
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012787901
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0009561964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0009152164
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000331055
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.4769E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.7805E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.3801E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.115E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
81.6
Gunning-Fog Score
8.7
Coleman-Liau Index
8.1
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
5.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.9
Sprache Readability Score
3.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8

Arlen Specter

Thank you very much, Senator Hatch, for permitting me to go out of order.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0173399414
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0023031249
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0015878881
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.000152229
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.33466E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.42847E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
2.05595E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
1.13712E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.3238E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.597E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.342E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
71.8
Gunning-Fog Score
8.5
Coleman-Liau Index
8.2
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
4.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3
Sprache Readability Score
2.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Orrin Hatch

Thank you for your kind introduction, Senator Specter.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0042357948
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0031395895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0030947092
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0010751797
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003580694
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002403009
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
5.6714E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.9958E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.1679E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.6708E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.311E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.7
Gunning-Fog Score
8.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
9.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Orrin Hatch

That is high praise Judge Becker, and, of course, I am very familiar and aware of you, as well, and have equally high esteem for you.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.691
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0416964263
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0246602664
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0146257284
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0029135575
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0017289563
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004889398
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000287567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.59593E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.1482E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.029E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.0E-9
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
66.6
Gunning-Fog Score
13.5
Coleman-Liau Index
7.3
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
10
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7

Orrin Hatch

HON. ORRIN G. HATCH
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0188272534
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0068268404
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0022140212
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0020263922
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000758053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004238407
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001646666
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001195809
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.6659E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.4135E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.0624E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
99.7
Gunning-Fog Score
0.5
Coleman-Liau Index
4.6
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Orrin Hatch

HON. ORRIN G. HATCH
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0228629608
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.005587922
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0039179791
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0030837615
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0024833635
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0024832545
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005549194
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002931789
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001388987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.63913E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.04437E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
99.7
Gunning-Fog Score
0.5
Coleman-Liau Index
4.6
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Orrin Hatch

OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. ORRIN G. HATCH A U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF UTAH
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0029336987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0016267684
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0007400474
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006313582
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006281756
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001409195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.39812E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
2.06083E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
1.3005E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.20163E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.1045E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
82
Gunning-Fog Score
3.8
Coleman-Liau Index
6.2
SMOG Index
6.9
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
1.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8

Orrin Hatch

I would just say good morning to everybody. We welcome you to today's hearing on bankruptcy reform. We would first like to thank all of our witnesses for their time and cooperation, and I hope that this hearing will serve to reinforce for all of us, especially the new members of the committee, the pressing need for bankruptcy reform.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.20067
VADER
0.915
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.1060597948
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0560729764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0425808277
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0041143991
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0038389273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.002419106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008245258
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007932506
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.87082E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.34801E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.948E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.6
Gunning-Fog Score
11.9
Coleman-Liau Index
11.1
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
10
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15

Orrin Hatch

Of course, bankruptcy reform is by no means a new issue to this committee or to the Congress. In fact, the Senate literally has been engaged in the process of deliberating on this issue for years, with numerous hearings, markups, and votes. And we should have these real and needed reforms and compromises that we have made to this product, one that has been supported by both Houses of Congress with overwhelming bipartisan and veto-proof margins.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.20067
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0632934505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0262012909
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0047885842
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0019719548
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007894409
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006273081
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003831527
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002158838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.67804E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.6059E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.4255E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50
Gunning-Fog Score
14.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23

Orrin Hatch

Following extensive studies by the National Bankruptcy Review Commission, the comprehensive bankruptcy reform bill was developed by Senators Grassley and Durbin in the Subcommittee on Administrative Oversight and the Courts in 1997. We marked up and reported that bill out of committee in May 1998.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.58779
VADER
0.25
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0227776443
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0160820535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0085173888
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0058381276
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0054327949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0031659511
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0016213151
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0015350271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002811242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002456232
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001775492
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.7
Gunning-Fog Score
14.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21

Orrin Hatch

In September 1998, the Senate passed bankruptcy reform by a vote of 97 to 1. This overwhelming Senate vote in favor of bankruptcy reform was followed by the appointment of conferees, negotiation with the House and, in October 1998, a 300-125 House vote for the conference report.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.402
Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0077319557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0047679285
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0026326541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0013039607
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006480726
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004557648
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003684632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002331594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.14974E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.0913E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.8408E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.1
Gunning-Fog Score
16.3
Coleman-Liau Index
9.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15

Orrin Hatch

Although the motion to proceed to consideration of the conference report was agreed to in the Senate by a strong vote of 94 to 2, the Senate ran out of time for a vote on final passage before the end of that Congress. So in February 1999, Representative George Gekas, in the House, introduced bankruptcy reform again, which passed out of the House in May 1999 by another overwhelming vote of 313 to 108.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.66
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.0093470342
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.007758633
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0063392021
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0028549044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0023687884
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005071142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002236707
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000170484
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.48071E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
3.34278E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.6798E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.1
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
8.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20

Orrin Hatch

Meanwhile, in the Senate, Senator Grassley worked together with Senator Torricelli, and in March 1999 once again introduced bankruptcy reform legislation which was again referred to the Judiciary Committee. The Judiciary Committee again marked up the bill, and in May 1999 we favorably reported it out of the committee to the floor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.60944
VADER
0.382
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0057229001
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0055619093
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.004748689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0018434415
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008487314
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004753801
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003322436
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002927472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001080338
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.09158E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.65568E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.1
Gunning-Fog Score
15.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17

Orrin Hatch

In February of last year, the reform legislation passed the Senate by another impressive margin of 83 to 14. The Senate requested a conference, but the objection of a single member from the other side of the aisle blocked the appointment of conferees. As a result, we had to turn to an informal conference process with the House of Representatives, but fortunately this process was bipartisan. With a great deal of dedication of members on both sides of the aisle, we reached a compromise agreement on well over 400 pages of bankruptcy reform legislation and on all but two issues among the informal conferees.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.18958
VADER
0.929
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0026049256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0018627412
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0007322443
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0002807451
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001915496
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
6.13538E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.06169E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.62019E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.7542E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.672E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.786E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.8
Gunning-Fog Score
17.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30

Orrin Hatch

In October of 2000, the House passed the bankruptcy reform conference report, and in December the Senate passed it by yet another overwhelming vote of 70 to 28. Later that month, the President pocket-vetoed the bankruptcy reform legislation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0190881779
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0054152548
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0009633955
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007802967
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0003008742
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0002094144
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.94632E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.53147E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.63316E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.57955E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.165E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.6
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15

Orrin Hatch

Now, I provide this elaborate procedural history to make two points. First, the issue of bankruptcy reform is not a new one; it is quite familiar to all of us. Many of our witnesses today have testified before Congress on this issue. We have studied it, held hearings on it, compromised on it, and come to a resolution on it with veto-proof margins in both Houses time and again. An elaborate record sets out the issues, documents the debate, and makes the compelling case for reform that is available to anyone who has an interest in giving it their attention.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2381
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2381
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.46262
VADER
0.743
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.019701042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0079742254
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0025600866
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0016849403
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001921605
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001049063
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
6.12559E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.8015E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.833E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.952E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.7E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54
Gunning-Fog Score
13.6
Coleman-Liau Index
10.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26

Orrin Hatch

This leads me to my second point. Eventually, the process of deliberation needs to come to a close and the will of the Congress needs to be exercised. As history has demonstrated repeatedly, bankruptcy reform is clearly the will of the Congress and much needed for all American consumers.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.78846
VADER
0.402
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2252951963
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1360252267
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.104169955
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0144694641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0109830267
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0101465412
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000770288
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003129426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001049045
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.16091E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.7
Gunning-Fog Score
13.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
3.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14

Orrin Hatch

I would like to take a moment to thank Senators Grassley and Sessions for their hard work and dedication to this important reform legislation over the past years. I also would like to thank the committee's ranking Democrat member, Senator Leahy, along with Senators Biden and Durbin, and Senator Torricelli, for their leadership in the area of consumer bankruptcy reform, as well as other members of the committee, both current and former, who have worked so hard on this very important set of issues.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.866
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2263960196
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1416577375
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1047849189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0145678816
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0114920549
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0101215133
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007809034
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003181391
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002399139
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001075632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.19036E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
25.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24

Orrin Hatch

I am feeling somewhat like a broken record, but I feel compelled to state once again that we cannot afford to continue down the harmful path provided by current law, because abusive bankruptcy filings are harmful to all of us. Bankruptcy ends up costing all Americans in an amount that has been conservatively estimated at anywhere from $400 to $550 per household, per year.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.36772
VADER
-0.761
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0155852569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0121874626
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0059701466
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0040003564
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004005912
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002053622
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.97182E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.69766E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.8921E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.5563E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.2273E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22

Orrin Hatch

Contrary to what critics of reform would like us to believe, when someone files for bankruptcy the negative repercussions go far beyond the credit card companies and big businesses to whom money is owned but is not paid. The costs are passed on to all honest consumers who honor their commitments and who pay their bills. This is an issue that profoundly impacts the average American. Bankruptcies end up hurting people who own or work in small businesses, who are members of credit unions, and spouses and children who are entitled to child support.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.37949
VADER
0.939
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0189071987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0095040159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0091899987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0010269241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0009760594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0008349351
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005295755
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002408885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001240343
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.16381E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.5058E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.6
Gunning-Fog Score
15.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31

Orrin Hatch

We should preserve bankruptcy to provide a fresh start, but only for those who truly don't have the means to pay some of their debts as promised. I look forward to the testimony today because I believe it will highlight some of the abuses that the current system allows to take place and will address one more time the pressing need for this consumer bankruptcy reform which more importantly provides many new consumer protections.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.28571
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.28571
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.54654
VADER
0.827
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0011176429
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0011158483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0010182992
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.93836E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
5.26109E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.80729E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
3.7137E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.48418E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
2.98445E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.257E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.875E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Orrin Hatch

We are fortunate to be hearing testimony from Judge Edward Becker, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, who has some concerns about the bill, some suggestions for us, and who we decided to put on at the last minute at the request of other members of the Federal judiciary and Judge Becker.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.691
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.02776646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0192995547
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0088060653
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0049555169
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010245948
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000423715
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001442239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.12827E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.24188E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.0955E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.8204E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Orrin Hatch

We are happy to welcome you here, Judge.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.772
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0029323452
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0028180571
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0026139091
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0017471955
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007597393
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001794263
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000145624
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.25061E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.6947E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.6795E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.124E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
93
Gunning-Fog Score
3.2
Coleman-Liau Index
7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.4
Sprache Readability Score
1.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2

Orrin Hatch

We have Judge Randall Newsome, of the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of California; Philip Strauss, Principal Attorney from the San Francisco Department of Child Support Services; Brady Williamson, the former Chair of the National Bankruptcy Review Commission.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.671
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0039488765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0033107277
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0029020301
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017948481
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003631023
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.00023653
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001764395
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.39977E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.37943E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.145E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.6069E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
4.3
Gunning-Fog Score
16.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25

Orrin Hatch

We are also fortunate to be hearing from Ken Beine, President of Shoreline Credit Union, in Two Rivers, Wisconsin; Dr. Robert Manning, Senior Research Fellow from the University of Houston Law Center; Dean Shaeffer, Vice President and Director of Credit for Boscov's Department Stores, in Pennsylvania; Maria Vullo, an attorney with the firm of Paul Weiss; and Todd Zywicki, Assistant Professor Law at George Mason University.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.796
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0018580926
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0010474118
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006717649
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004116425
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002595664
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001659617
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
6.1198E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.41855E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.87562E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.21415E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.5202E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19.5
Gunning-Fog Score
14.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37

Orrin Hatch

We appreciate all of you appearing today and we look forward to your testimony.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.402
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0025665962
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0014306268
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005744573
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.4127E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
3.36388E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
2.11945E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.52212E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.2743E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
5.5636E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.7886E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.509E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.6
Gunning-Fog Score
14.2
Coleman-Liau Index
11.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.1
Sprache Readability Score
2.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

I will now turn to our Ranking Member, Senator Leahy, for his opening statement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
1.6294566914
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.1401321497
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0816573563
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0138133633
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0026400005
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0021847914
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0019186722
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010520529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005215428
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001913894
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.13225E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.7
Gunning-Fog Score
8.5
Coleman-Liau Index
11.1
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
7.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Orrin Hatch

HON. PATRICK J. LEAHY
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0967453641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.085822324
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0313977507
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0094382565
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0077751567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.006882762
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0027351394
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0025284211
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002729681
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001255526
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.576E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
78.6
Gunning-Fog Score
0.5
Coleman-Liau Index
7.5
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Orrin Hatch

HON. PATRICK J. LEAHY
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0113041155
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0079599267
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0047300182
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.003928084
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0012146716
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004072979
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003810839
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001706271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.50904E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.84689E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.1479E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
78.6
Gunning-Fog Score
0.5
Coleman-Liau Index
7.5
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Patrick Leahy

OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. PATRICK J. LEAHY A U.S. SENATOR FROM
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Self-Harm
0.0099288882
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0075966527
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0035867801
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0027557126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0025856727
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0019703306
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004691719
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000408931
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
7.39296E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.12374E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.54312E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
70.4
Gunning-Fog Score
4.3
Coleman-Liau Index
7.6
SMOG Index
6.9
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Patrick Leahy

Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I know others perhaps have things to say, but I am pleased that we are having this.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.681
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0268562202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.023230158
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0112485235
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0054938446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0034141503
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0025360205
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012250954
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001134692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.98395E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.3318E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.6033E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
1.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
95
Gunning-Fog Score
2.8
Coleman-Liau Index
7.4
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.6
Sprache Readability Score
1.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Patrick Leahy

There are so many competing public policy interests between debtors and creditors and among competing creditors. Judge Becker has seen those competing interests probably more than any one of us around this panel. But we also have a number of Senators around this committee who have developed expertise in this area and I do want to hear from them, too, because they are going to have to help us develop a consensus.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.743
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
2.4327473715
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
1.7730202526
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1771099633
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0838004169
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0827451237
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0507474993
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0248376629
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0012404953
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0006589107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006211699
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001079665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.2
Gunning-Fog Score
17.4
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17

Patrick Leahy

We have tried for 4 years to pass bankruptcy reform legislation. We all agree that we need some changes in the bankruptcy laws, but it has failed, I think, each time in the last two Congresses when we went from bipartisanship to partisanship.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-2.3979
VADER
-0.572
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.3769957926
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1153474906
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0844719587
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0416383118
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0083331543
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0060517541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009665022
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006305915
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.22046E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.4851E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.4688E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
67
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Patrick Leahy

In the last two Congresses, the final decisions were made by the Republican majority behind closed doors and did not get too much of a say in it. There are complex and competing interests in this that say we have to work in a bipartisan fashion throughout this process.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
0.25
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.050224096
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0411722052
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0138007134
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0060218361
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011647162
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002765349
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002554598
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.6948E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.55631E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.5015E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.347E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.9
Gunning-Fog Score
14.7
Coleman-Liau Index
10.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12

Patrick Leahy

I would think that what we should do is look at some of the mistakes in the past and why we didn't get legislation through. I think we can avoid those mistakes. Mr. Chairman, I think you and I can work very closely together with other members of the committee to have both sides heard.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-2.19722
VADER
-0.735
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0048648566
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0040041923
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0024626708
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0015071748
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002852992
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002537354
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001738509
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.54255E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.43198E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.29412E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.4663E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
83.7
Gunning-Fog Score
7.7
Coleman-Liau Index
8.3
SMOG Index
8.2
Automated Readability Index
4.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.4
Sprache Readability Score
2.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7

Patrick Leahy

I think the last two times, we saw that there is a great deal of bipartisan consensus, and we can follow up on that. So I hope we do this and craft a balanced and fair bankruptcy reform law, one that addresses and corrects abuses by both debtors and creditors. For example, we should provide for more disclosure of information so that consumers may better manager their debts and avoid bankruptcy altogether.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.25131
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.16667
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.16667
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.31015
VADER
0.769
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1322412631
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0553191348
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0131153036
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0129776658
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0070215421
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0013484158
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003329217
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.83146E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.1614E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.16917E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.8667E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16.3
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23

Patrick Leahy

I know that Senator Grassley and Senator Durbin, who is unable to be here today because of a death in the family, and Senator Schumer and others share a commitment to include credit industry reforms in a fair and balanced bankruptcy bill.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.586
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0673291273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0084324674
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0033260632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007612442
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004776468
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000444293
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0002669784
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.44535E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.17059E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.6161E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.0452E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
27.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15

Patrick Leahy

The millions of credit card solicitations made to American consumers the past few years have contributed to the rise in consumer debt and bankruptcies. When we see people who work here, their 3-year-old and 4-year-old children getting credit card solicitations, you know that something is wrong.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
-0.103
Leans Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0055690001
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0031420484
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0012326072
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010751859
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007585237
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003919633
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002256076
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000125428
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.84008E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.8382E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.7306E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10

Patrick Leahy

In addition, many of the most controversial proposals for change are to benefit the credit card industry and to use taxpayer-supported bankruptcy courts and the authority of Federal law to augment and support the credit card industry's debt collection. Well, if we are going to have the taxpayers help with their debt collection, it is only fair that the credit card industry be involved in bankruptcy reform and that they be asked to show how those changes they seek are going to benefit consumers through lower interest rates or lower fees. If we are going to help them collect their debt, if we are going to have the taxpayers pay to help them collect their debts, what are they going to do to help the users of their cards?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.58333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.58333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.26567
VADER
0.962
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0036640242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0034594115
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0034107332
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007946681
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003939002
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003728054
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001035462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.5502E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.6045E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.8097E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.099E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30

Patrick Leahy

President Bush underlined the importance of examining credit industry practices. He said this week, to quote President Bush, "The debt I am most concerned about, however, is the consumer debt, credit card debt, the debt that burdens thousands of Americans. And we'd better be really careful about not recognizing the combination of an economic slow-down, high energy prices, and debt overhang -- what that means to working people." As usual, I agree with President Bush.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.265
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0246459502
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.00700807
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0035505425
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0032392905
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012536606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004768808
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001755227
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
6.56979E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.56958E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.60028E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.56666E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.8
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25

Patrick Leahy

I am pleased that Professor Robert Manning is here today to discuss his recent research and analysis of credit industry practices and consumer debt. We should also talk about wealthy debtors who use the overly broad homestead exemption to shield assets from their creditors. Senator Kohl has been a leader on this issue and on closing this loophole.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.735
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0079462989
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0069150046
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0021461172
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0016379689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001420372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.03663E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.92971E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.37976E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.6154E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.9783E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.1083E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27

Patrick Leahy

In some States, wealthy debtors have used their State laws to protect million-dollar mansions from creditors, and it has been a major problem. In the last Congress, by a vote of 76 to 22, the Senate adopted a bipartisan amendment offered by Senator Sessions and Senator Kohl to cap any homestead exemption at $100,000. But, of course, in the final bill that was gutted. Brady Williamson, the former Chair of the National Bankruptcy Review Commission, is here to tell us about this consensus reform and others like it that the Bankruptcy Review Commission recommended to Congress.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.16667
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.16667
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.31015
VADER
0.691
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0105843974
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0039420702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009406713
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006456661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003573772
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001144052
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
5.3152E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.3772E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
2.18651E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.5961E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.487E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.6
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
32
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33

Patrick Leahy

A year ago, the Senate passed the Schumer-Leahy amendment to prevent the abuse of the bankruptcy system whereby you could discharge penalties for violence against family planning clinics.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-2.19722
VADER
-0.848
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.009595984
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0074231451
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0068330868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0038989816
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008784071
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005854344
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003373868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002159134
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
4.81125E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.39355E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.9322E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
22.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15

Patrick Leahy

As I recall, Senator Schumer, that was a vote of 80 to 17, overwhelming. It was given support this past month by Senator Ashcroft, who had voted in favor of the amendment. He said he supported this. Yet, even though it was an overwhelmingly bipartisan endorsement, in the so-called conference report at the end of the year there wasn't a single word of it. As a result, perpetrators of clinic violence can continue to seek shelter in the Nation's bankruptcy courts. That would be wrong.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
-0.178
Leans Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0054957934
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0026254662
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0018072042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.001600261
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004242342
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001526512
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.90793E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
8.6169E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.3491E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.705E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.901E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
65.4
Gunning-Fog Score
10.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.3
SMOG Index
11.7
Automated Readability Index
6.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29

Patrick Leahy

Attorney General Ashcroft pledged his support for the Schumer-Leahy amendment during his confirmation hearing. As usual, I agree with Attorney General Ashcroft.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.637
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.407404406
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.1201519277
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0353855779
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0226662029
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0084316402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0008546534
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000111159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.89062E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.1963E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.3433E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.4483E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26
Gunning-Fog Score
9.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Patrick Leahy

I want you to notice my close agreement with President Bush and Attorney General Ashcroft in these matters, Senator Hatch, and I hope you will follow the example of the leaders of your party.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.848
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0137721072
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0068372647
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017332288
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006048618
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000311025
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001589866
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001504559
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001393649
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.90535E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.97E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.8407E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.4
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
11
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Patrick Leahy

Maria Vullo, a top-rated attorney, will testify about the need to amend the Bankruptcy Code to stop wasteful litigation and abuse of bankruptcy filings used to avoid the legal consequences of violence and vandalism and harassment and to deny access to legal health services. So we should remember those things we passed in the past and look back at them.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.04452
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.28571
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.28571
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.54654
VADER
-0.955
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0210203129
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0075278709
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0055035925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0024374021
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0022514805
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005933308
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
7.1027E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.55108E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.7373E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.2935E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.926E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.4
Gunning-Fog Score
18.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24

Patrick Leahy

We should also remember those who use bankruptcy are usually the most vulnerable of the American class. They are older Americans who have lost their jobs or are unable to pay their medical debts. They are women attempting to raise their families or secure alimony and child support after a divorce. They are individuals struggling to recover from unemployment. We need to remember that people use the system, both the debtor and the creditor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.56495
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.26826
VADER
-0.677
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0253795093
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0224757285
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0055034456
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0047278532
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000748286
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006635607
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004786783
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004066691
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002618732
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.26209E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.3893E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.9
Gunning-Fog Score
13.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21

Patrick Leahy

Judge Becker and Judge Newsome are here today to testify about how reform legislation will impact on the real people who use our courts each day, and I think that is very helpful to us. We need to balance the interests of creditors with those of middle-class Americans who need the opportunity to resolve overwhelming financial burdens.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
0.788
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0026960917
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0022443997
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0019656703
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004142891
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002683747
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002677507
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001330385
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.82187E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.38981E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.70183E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.7544E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.7
Gunning-Fog Score
16.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Patrick Leahy

Even though this was put together on very, very short notice, the minimum notice, I am glad that the witnesses were able to come here today. I know the House is going to hold 2 days of meetings and amendments. I hope that we will work as hard as they do, but I would also hope that we would look at those things that were developed through bipartisan consensus in the last couple of years and go back to those things as a beginning point.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
0.765
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0105220759
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.003307288
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006243502
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0005329183
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004650093
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003520887
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0002745484
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.67874E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.85191E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.6792E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.055E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
68.6
Gunning-Fog Score
14.6
Coleman-Liau Index
8.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Patrick Leahy

Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0395957555
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.037684117
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0365094573
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0087799555
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0036637444
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0031575782
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0027803624
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009473901
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002273928
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001027884
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.32633E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
99.1
Gunning-Fog Score
0.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2

Orrin Hatch

Thank you, Senator Leahy.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0122461992
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0081111764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0042531916
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0012182588
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004711785
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004358659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000225284
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001764406
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.35714E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.4852E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.6251E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54.7
Gunning-Fog Score
1.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
1.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2

Note

[The prepared statement of Senator Leahy follows:] Statement of Hon. Patrick J. Leahy, a U.S. Senator from the State of Vermont I am pleased that the Committee is holding this hearing. Bankruptcy is a complex area of the law with many competing public policy interests between debtors and creditors and among competing creditors. I look forward to hearing our witnesses share their insight and experience with the current bankruptcy system. We are fortunate to have a number of Senators on this Committee who have developed expertise in this area, as well. I look forward to hearing from them, to working with them and to our developing a consensus of the areas of our federal bankruptcy law that need modification and improvement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.47957
VADER
0.925
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
1.0064737871
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1044062665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0862221583
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0294686703
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0045040942
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0037510104
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010560497
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004589295
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.13581E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.14819E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.86877E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.6
Gunning-Fog Score
11.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37

Orrin Hatch

For the past four years, Congress has tried but failed to pass bankruptcy reform legislation. I believe the legislative process broke down in the each of the last two Congress when partisanship took over. Three years ago, as the Senate was considering bankruptcy legislation, I received assurances that our conferees would support the Senate bill and the Senate position in conference. Unfortunately, that bill, which passed with 97 bipartisan votes, and on which Senator Durbin and Senator Grassley had worked so hard, was abandoned to a poor substitute that was never enacted.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.23077
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.23077
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.43532
VADER
-0.935
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.2754997229
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1040840871
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0330203387
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0133068199
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0086807282
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0058870741
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010708603
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003836544
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001528617
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.40451E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.04977E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30

Orrin Hatch

Last Congress, we again worked for a bipartisan bill. The Republican leadership extended Senate consideration of the bill over both congressional sessions when it would not allow votes on two proposed amendments in 1999. After the new year we returned to see the Senate vote overwhelmingly in favor of one of those amendments, the Schumer-Leahy amendment. During Senate consideration we also were able to improve the bill by adopting the Kohl-Sessions amendment, capping the homestead exemption.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
0.591
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0212750965
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0045907844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007716636
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007629419
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0006331833
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003899321
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002357477
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
8.39698E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.4183E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.8078E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3125E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.3
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26

Orrin Hatch

Because of a Republican amendment that added unnecessary tax provisions, the House would not conference on the Senate-passed bill and no formal conference was conveyed. For a time we worked informally to resolve differences on a bipartisan basis, until the Republican majority decided to write their own version of a final bill that they had been warned would result in a presidential veto. They then used a sham conference to substitute their bankruptcy bill for a State Department embassy security bill. That bill dropped the Schumer amendment, revised the homestead exemption and did not address the oft- articulated concerns of the President, and the exercise predictably resulted in a veto rather than enactment. Unfortunately, at the end of each of the last two Congresses, final decisions were made by the Republican majority behind closed doors.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.22378
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.15789
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.15789
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.30228
VADER
-0.178
Leans Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.1656049513
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0106676278
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0074813404
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0061585204
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0057276498
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0022063448
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004677437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002822654
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002170692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001647382
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.20623E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
55
Sprache Difficult Word Count
53

Orrin Hatch

The complex and competing interests involved in achieving fair and balanced reforms of our bankruptcy system demand that we work in a bipartisan manner throughout the legislative process. That is the lesson to learn from the failed attempts of past reform measures, and it is all the more relevant as we begin this session with an evenly divided Senate and an evenly divided Committee. I hope that the partisan mistakes of the past will give way to real and sustained cooperation so that this Congress can produce a consensus that can make changes that are needed to benefit the American people. There is ample evidence from the last two rounds that bipartisan consensus is possible on responsible bankruptcy reform.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.18182
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.18182
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.3514
VADER
0.637
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0054146814
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0014431665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010557092
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003326805
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0003233158
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002317104
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.66002E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.49333E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.8767E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.956E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.38E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
42
Sprache Difficult Word Count
39

Orrin Hatch

I look forward to working with all Members of this Committee in a respectful, bipartisan way from beginning to end -- from hearings, to consideration of legislative ideas, to markup, to Committee report, to Senate consideration and finally to having a fair and balanced conference report signed into law. For us to succeed this time, we must work together from beginning to end.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.56495
VADER
0.818
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.009354185
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0028068302
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0025665548
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007698231
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006900011
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002619357
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
7.94197E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.64429E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.58464E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.03681E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.3351E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.1
Gunning-Fog Score
18.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20

Orrin Hatch

I believe we can craft a balanced and fair bankruptcy reform law. One that addresses and corrects the abuses by both debtors and creditors in the current bankruptcy system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
-0.318
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0038253656
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0035066234
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0016931326
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0002702468
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001305313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001263471
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001221468
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.8782E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.33E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.304E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.36E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
60.8
Gunning-Fog Score
11.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
8.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12

Orrin Hatch

For example, we should provide for more disclosure of information so that consumers may better manage their debts and avoid bankruptcy altogether. I know that Senator Grassley, Senator Durbin, Senator Schumer and others share a commitment to include credit industry reforms in a fair and balanced bankruptcy bill. The millions of credit card solicitations made to American consumers the past few years have contributed to the rise in consumer debt and bankruptcies. In addition, many of the most controversial proposals for change are to benefit the credit card industry and use taxpayer-supported bankruptcy courts and the authority of federal law to augment and support their debt collection. As a result, it is only fair that the credit card industry be involved in bankruptcy reforms and be asked to show how those changes they seek will benefit consumers through lower interest rates and lower fees.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.36772
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.41935
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.41935
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.86222
VADER
0.964
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.005887495
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0029325773
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0029224928
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007396261
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006218052
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003019893
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001771632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.03384E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.27927E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.36583E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7521E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
59
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48

Orrin Hatch

President Bush underlined the importance of examining credit industry practices when he said this week: "The debt I'm most concerned about, however, is the consumer debt, credit card debt, the debt that burdens thousands of Americans. And we'd better be really careful about not recognizing the combination of an economic slowdown, high energy prices and debt overhang -- what that means to working people." I agree with President Bush. I am pleased that Professor Robert Manning is here today to discuss his recent research and analysis of credit industry practices and consumer debt.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.85714
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.85714
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.62
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0063623193
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0028052191
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017128108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013981347
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010272924
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002786727
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000275929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001993975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.14542E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.61119E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.326E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.3
Gunning-Fog Score
16.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34

Orrin Hatch

Another improvement we should make is to adequately address the problem of wealthy debtors who use overly broad homestead exemptions to shield assets from their creditors. Senator Kohl has been a leader on this issue and a champion of closing down this loophole for the rich. In some states, wealthy debtors have used their State laws to protect million dollar mansions from creditors. This has been a real abuse of bankruptcy's fresh start protection.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.37949
VADER
0.922
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0374410098
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0359491329
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0151128945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0130779779
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0028758106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003761646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.00022149
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002105043
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.9283E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.21114E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.93642E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.9
Gunning-Fog Score
14.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27

Orrin Hatch

In the last Congress, the Senate overwhelmingly voted to close this loophole in the Bankruptcy Code. By a vote of 76 to 22, the Senate adopted a bipartisan amendment offered by Senators Kohl and Sessions to cap any homestead exemption at $100,000. But last year's final bill gutted this key reform. I am pleased that Brady Williamson, the former Chair of the National Bankruptcy Reform Commission, is here to tell us about this consensus reform and others like it that the Bankruptcy Reform Commission recommends to Congress.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
0.7
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0317319355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0108560991
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0049708233
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0036760321
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0023986813
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.00149073
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0009556704
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008939202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004308101
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.2027E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.7872E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47
Gunning-Fog Score
12.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29

Orrin Hatch

Last year's final bill also failed to address the discharge of penalties for violence against family planning clinics. A year ago this month, the Senate passed the Schumer-Leahy amendment to prevent this abuse of the bankruptcy system by a vote of 80-17. We have been reminded of this vote often during the past month given Senator Ashcroft's vote in favor of the amendment. Despite this overwhelming bipartisan endorsement, last year's so-called conference report contained not a single provision to end the abusive practice. As a result, perpetrators of clinic violence can continue to seek shelter in the nation's bankruptcy courts. That would be wrong.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.83333
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.83333
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.03688
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.47957
VADER
-0.949
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0037458311
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.002325276
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0019611318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013714942
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0012726632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003913388
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002336402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001980876
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.21213E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.79366E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.20638E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
41

Orrin Hatch

Attorney General Ashcroft pledged his support for the Schumer-Leahy amendment during his confirmation hearings. Today, Maria Vullo, a top- rate attorney, will testify about the need to amend the Bankruptcy Code to stop wasteful litigation and end abusive bankruptcy filings used to avoid the legal consequences of violence, vandalism and harassment to deny access to legal health services.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.04452
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.05882
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.05882
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.11123
VADER
-0.931
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.191105972
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.025912092
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0092528353
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.002396018
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0023106333
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009736126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005211863
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002275377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.96872E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.27364E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.6016E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
13.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32

Orrin Hatch

As we proceed with this legislative process, we should remember the purpose bankruptcy serves, which is as a safety net for many Americans. Those who use bankruptcy are the most vulnerable of the American middle class.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.162
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0152913199
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0150434804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0133169495
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0044971031
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0034083048
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0030472254
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007704246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002830377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.09895E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.67481E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.58932E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Orrin Hatch

They are older Americans who have lost their jobs or who are unable to pay their medical debts. They are women attempting to raise their families or secure alimony and child support after a divorce. They are individuals struggling to recover from unemployment.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.20067
VADER
-0.511
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0150077351
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.014987684
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0147307117
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0107933607
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0034400575
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0020006177
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008339714
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005320123
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.79803E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.7694E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.65042E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.7
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14

Orrin Hatch

As we move forward with reforms that are appropriate to eliminate abuses in the system, we need to remember the people who use the system, both the debtor and the creditor. Judge Becker and Judge Newsome are here today to testify about how reform legislation will affect the real people who use our courts every day.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.20067
VADER
-0.572
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0125360471
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.012344413
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0084840154
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0016346559
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006175108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0004886042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001308943
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
6.55868E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.21702E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.3594E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.5045E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44
Gunning-Fog Score
16.9
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15

Orrin Hatch

We need to balance the interests of creditors with those of middle- income Americans who need the opportunity to resolve overwhelming financial burdens. As the last two Congresses proved, there are many competing interests in the bankruptcy reform debate that make it difficult to enact a balanced and bipartisan bill into law.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.527
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0261116133
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0224268573
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0184294506
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0076498
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0067039357
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0043537621
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0032171283
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002909245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.17045E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.91115E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.01665E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.8
Gunning-Fog Score
18.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22

Orrin Hatch

Although this hearing was scheduled unilaterally with the minimum notice allowed under Senate rules, I thank our witnesses for responding to the call on such short notice to be with us today. We did not receive the names of the four witnesses invited by the Republicans until Monday afternoon. We did not begin receiving written statements from those witnesses until yesterday afternoon. Accordingly, I expect that we will have written follow up questions to be forwarded to these witnesses within a reasonable time of reviewing their written statements and of reviewing their comments here today.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0417134201
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0192614447
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0137916344
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0025221019
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0014705442
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006009515
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005433058
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002299658
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.63386E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.47064E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.53117E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.2
Gunning-Fog Score
15.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25

Orrin Hatch

I note that the House Judiciary Committee has chosen to hold two days of hearings on this important topic. I understand that the House Judiciary Committee has also indicated that it intends to hold two days of meetings for discussion and amendment of the House bill. I look forward to working with Chairman Hatch on a schedule that would allow our Committee, the Senate Judiciary Committee, likewise to do its work and serve the Senate by fully and fairly considering legislation on bankruptcy related issues. These are important subjects that can have a great impact on the lives of many people who have already suffered from illnesses or divorce or job loss or other personal difficulties. We ought to take utilize the expertise of the Members of our Committee to ensure that what we report to the Senate is fair and balanced and that it will not exact an unintended toll on our neighbors.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.7346
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.27273
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.27273
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.53408
VADER
0.202
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0103326427
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0058989932
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0021258433
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001567304
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004072035
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003886365
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003399383
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000187876
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.39185E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.9828E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.7831E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.9
Gunning-Fog Score
16.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
46

Orrin Hatch

I am hopeful that this year, we will work together in a bipartisan fashion from the beginning of the legislative process to the end to enact reforms that ensure our bankruptcy laws better serve their intended goals and corrects abuses by both debtors and creditors in the bankruptcy system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.20067
VADER
0.637
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0157483417
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.013238212
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017458266
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0014336614
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013541089
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008406446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001968774
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.03883E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.73696E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.6238E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.328E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Joe Biden

Mr. Chairman, nothing on the merits, but may I also welcome Chief Judge Becker?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.579
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0215231819
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0054554257
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0039619619
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0014660464
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013559748
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001245405
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0007715532
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003186079
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001773991
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.40232E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.33456E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
78.9
Gunning-Fog Score
2.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.2
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
2.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Orrin Hatch

Sure.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.318
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0177883325
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0107100488
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0097884855
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0028808916
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0022011916
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0011652839
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002423552
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.68976E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.49348E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.94443E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.1717E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
7.5
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Joe Biden

I consider him a friend and I just want to associate myself with the remarks of Senator Specter. The Third Circuit is the circuit in which Delaware resides, and I want to thank the judge for all he has done for the circuit and accommodating the movement of some judges onto that circuit from the State of Delaware. Again, I would like to associate myself with the remarks of Senator Specter. I will not take any more time.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.83321
VADER
0.832
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0923856802
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0350215676
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0160432872
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0135767579
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0060380455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0009250311
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006066944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005138995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003395786
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.32908E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.25999E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.4
Gunning-Fog Score
9.9
Coleman-Liau Index
9.8
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
8.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14

Patrick Leahy

As do I. I think we are fortunate to have Judge Becker. Even though he has to sit here and listen to all these speeches, I think we are darn lucky to have him here.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0.691
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.2184960758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0292943791
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0283083878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0218971996
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0139579235
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0133335692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0014463919
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0010131237
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004684267
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002065228
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.23872E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
95.9
Gunning-Fog Score
5.8
Coleman-Liau Index
5.4
SMOG Index
6.6
Automated Readability Index
1.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
1.5
Sprache Readability Score
2.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Orrin Hatch

Judge, we are happy to have you here and we will turn the time over to you. We appreciate and respect the work you do on the Third Circuit as Chief Judge. We will turn the time to you and we want to listen very carefully to what you have to say.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.89
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.1853812835
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0344211556
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0066992572
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0034314373
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0028295237
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001355816
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006993939
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004329923
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.06329E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.32617E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.9327E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
86.7
Gunning-Fog Score
8.5
Coleman-Liau Index
5.7
SMOG Index
7.9
Automated Readability Index
4.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Orrin Hatch

STATEMENT OF HON. EDWARD R. BECKER, CHIEF JUDGE, UNITED STATES
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Self-Harm
0.0165743302
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0161644872
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0125555584
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0094273375
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.004085786
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0035309247
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0014492112
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009426019
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002683207
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.17716E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.6014E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
76.6
Gunning-Fog Score
1.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
6.6
Automated Readability Index
3.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
1.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7

Edward Becker

Thank you, Mr. Chairman. For the record, my name is Edward Becker. I am the Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit and a member of the Executive Committee of the Judicial Conference of the United States, on whose behalf I appear here today. Let me state, Mr. Chairman, we are very grateful for your making this spot available to us, and the other members of the committee.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.885
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0106990658
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0059575777
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0014426435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013000307
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.000967535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009180329
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004868985
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000309536
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001905448
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.38298E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.0745E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
70.8
Gunning-Fog Score
6
Coleman-Liau Index
9.6
SMOG Index
9.9
Automated Readability Index
5.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20

Edward Becker

Let me state at the outset that I am here not to discuss general matters of debtor and creditor, but about some other real people in our society, Federal judges, and the institution of the Federal judiciary and the impact of one provision of this legislation. I am here to talk only about Section 1235, that dealing with bankruptcy appellate procedure. That provision would effect a radical change in bankruptcy appellate procedure by routing virtually all bankruptcy appeals which now go to the district courts directly to the courts of appeals.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.07692
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.07692
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.1431
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0636038429
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0319711282
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0191806423
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0078919722
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0043726446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0021651635
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0013521592
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007458488
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002015342
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.28901E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.27005E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27

Edward Becker

Now, if there is one thing I know a little bit about after 20 years on the courts of appeals, and actually 30 years on the Federal bench, it is about the workload of the courts of appeals. We are stretched, we are strained, we work all the time. We are at our limit, and we simply cannot absorb this new load of all of these bankruptcy appeals.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
-0.402
Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0968472625
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0079974445
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0059155544
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0036280093
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0025482048
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0024680292
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0011889163
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0008037326
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002248963
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.02876E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.7939E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
76.8
Gunning-Fog Score
10.2
Coleman-Liau Index
7.1
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
8.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13

Edward Becker

It may be quite unusual, but I am here not just on behalf of the Executive Committee, but I have spoken to every chief circuit judge, that is the chief circuit judges of all of the regional circuits who hear bankruptcy appeals. Each and every chief circuit judge -- and they are the ones who are responsible for management of litigation in the courts of appeals, and as you know, we are basically the court of last resort in this Nation because the Supreme Court doesn't hear very many cases. Each and every chief judge opposes this provision and has authorized me to speak on their behalf.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.768
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0871322874
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0436467322
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.010961682
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0046159341
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0024386949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0022695673
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0021377158
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0012640583
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002887426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.82912E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.47543E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22

Edward Becker

Now, we are not sure of the exact numbers. Our best estimate is probably 3,000 more appeals a year. The heaviest impact would be on a number of circuits. Frankly, it would be on the First Circuit, Senator Kennedy's circuit; the Second Circuit, Senator Leahy and Senator Schumer's circuit; the Third Circuit, Senator Biden's and my circuit; the Sixth Circuit; the Tenth Circuit, Senator Hatch's circuit; and the Ninth Circuit, Senator Feinstein's circuit. In terms of the numbers, we estimate an increase in caseload between 10 and 20 percent.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.752
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0096421856
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0049575396
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0046328198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0042962067
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0010062083
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005307991
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001233793
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.41103E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.51861E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.2312E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.8449E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.8
Gunning-Fog Score
9.4
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20

Edward Becker

Having mentioned the Ninth Circuit, I spoke to Chief Judge Schroeder yesterday, who is especially concerned about the impact of this legislation on the bankruptcy appellate panels which they have so carefully honed, because essentially if there is the option to go right to the court of appeals, she is fearful that the BAPs, as they call them, will be simply bypassed and that that structure will fall into disuse.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.78846
VADER
-0.494
Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0158053415
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0028087499
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0023339826
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0009689422
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008147451
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005648068
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000247316
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001065696
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.69102E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.4783E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7152E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
12.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26

Edward Becker

Some say, well, give us more judges to take up these additional cases. Well, this committee knows better than anybody the history of more judges. The First Circuit hasn't had a new judge since 1984, and they have a sizable increase. The Second Circuit would have a 40-percent increase. But I don't want to go into all of those details.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.863
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.0264523958
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0137448442
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0056459314
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0027077356
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0023611203
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0020404259
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008014042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002849751
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.33089E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.77705E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.88056E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
79.3
Gunning-Fog Score
8.2
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.2
Sprache Readability Score
3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Edward Becker

Let me get down to the matter that this body is concerned about. You are a policymaking body and you deal with costs and benefits. Now, I have talked about the cost. In our view, the cost would be incalculable in terms of the burdens on the courts of appeals and the need for more judges, which we are not going to get and we shouldn't get for this purpose.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.38462
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.38462
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.74721
VADER
0.052
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0116392177
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0073492869
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0016962082
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0010142732
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000767345
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002805939
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001741694
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001420303
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.82963E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.4499E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.0101E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
79.1
Gunning-Fog Score
8.7
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
8.2
Automated Readability Index
6.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.7
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17

Edward Becker

Let me talk about the benefits. Now, this proposal which was endorsed by the National Bankruptcy Review Commission is offered as a simple, neat solution. We say we have a two-tiered appeal. We have one appeal to the district court or the bankruptcy appellate panel and another to the court of appeals, and this is a simple, neat solution.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.18958
VADER
0.922
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0047821675
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0034553694
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0025396168
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0015906708
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007545555
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003486907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002377814
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.22251E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.34114E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.6389E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.3486E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.3
Gunning-Fog Score
10.7
Coleman-Liau Index
10.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17

Edward Becker

I hope that the committee will not feel I am irreverent when I say that to every human problem there is a solution that is simple, neat and wrong, and this one is wrong. First of all, there are legal problems with it. I take no position on this as an Article III judge, but the Department of Justice has long taken the position that this has constitutional problems. They believe that meaningful review in the district court is necessary for it to be constitutional and query whether the 30 days is meaningful review.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.43532
VADER
0.66
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0488231599
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0106280997
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0074384654
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0054564975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0027804312
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017253804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006347135
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004441201
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
3.49367E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.9224E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.86365E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
56.1
Gunning-Fog Score
14.1
Coleman-Liau Index
10.1
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23

Edward Becker

Second, this is offered that we need more precedent; bankruptcy opinions are all over the lot. Give it to the court of appeals and there will be more precedent. That is the theory. The theory is that if we have more precedent, we will have less litigation. I can tell you, after 30 years on the Federal bench, more precedent only means more litigation, that being the nature of the beast in terms of lawyers.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
-0.382
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0250555313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0176061745
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0099949764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0093550589
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0031925923
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0024469373
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0022600681
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006825193
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001178951
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.29416E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.49666E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
69.8
Gunning-Fog Score
11.9
Coleman-Liau Index
9.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.9
Sprache Readability Score
3.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16

Edward Becker

And precedent isn't the kind of precedent you make in terms of broad rules. All precedent is is the decisions are fact- bound; it is very narrow. All you do is deal particularly with the facts of the case, and the facts of the case generally are pretty fact-bound and they don't help anybody. Additionally, the courts of appeals are so burdened that when we decide cases, most of them we decide as non-precedential. So you don't get precedent when you get to the court of appeals these days because we are so busy.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.402
Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0377128657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0104942497
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0021582307
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017164362
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0011389376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006118762
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004476581
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004463881
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.00032565
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001857019
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001307335
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
69.3
Gunning-Fog Score
11.8
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
8.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17

Edward Becker

I can run through my other points very quickly, with your permission, Mr. Chairman. With respect to cost, it is said that this would be a cheaper way if you have a unitary appeal process. But the fact of the business is that it is much more expensive to take a case to the court of appeals because of our briefing and all of the requirements. The district court procedures are simpler, they are much cheaper, and 80 percent of the cases fall out. We talk about two tiers, but 80 percent of them are gone at the district court level.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.262
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.013263672
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0010064195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0007463425
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006261677
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002172952
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001467754
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
8.73176E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.01479E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.56868E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.54476E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.32E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
78.3
Gunning-Fog Score
8.7
Coleman-Liau Index
8.4
SMOG Index
8.5
Automated Readability Index
6.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21

Edward Becker

The district courts are doing a good job, so you are making it more expensive if you do this in terms of time. It is certainly not easier for the 80 percent because you lengthen the period with the additional 30 days that are in the statute.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.582
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0094336137
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0035696838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0034329198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000211137
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002064532
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0001842854
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001653959
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001243518
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.52224E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.86927E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.72699E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
71.4
Gunning-Fog Score
13.7
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13

Edward Becker

I concede that in some complex cases the two tiers will take longer. They are basically adversary proceedings. In Chapter 11, they are traditional, complex litigation. We don't deny that is a problem and we have offered a solution. Instead of this broad-based solution which is an over-broad solution, we offer a targeted solution. And we don't want to stop this bill. The Congress wants to pass a bill.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.63599
VADER
0.313
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0057729885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0046407615
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0043023567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0039806062
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0033347496
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008528417
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006506054
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005607617
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003495303
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.72894E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.22825E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
66.7
Gunning-Fog Score
9.7
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
10.1
Automated Readability Index
4.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Edward Becker

All we say is substitute for that bankruptcy appellate provision a simple provision which says that if the district court or the bankruptcy appellate panel certifies to the court of appeals that this is a time-sensitive problem -- we have got a reorganization that is going to stand or fall, we need a decision -- or if there is a precedent that has to be established, let it be certified to the court of appeals.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.402
Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0184301898
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0044377412
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0037349269
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0016629727
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016624304
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006318809
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002399896
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001152744
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.48727E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.0632E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.6689E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
3.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17

Edward Becker

Our proposed bill says that acceptance of the certification is up to the court of appeals. We think that is more sound, but I am authorized by the Executive Committee to say that the committee feels that we are bound by the certification. If the district court or the bankruptcy appellate panel says the interests of justice require you to take this case, then we will take it and then we will establish precedent.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.844
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0110059642
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0044925255
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0037465707
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0026160438
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0014280234
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013305031
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002509172
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001732657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.65868E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.186E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.6972E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
56
Gunning-Fog Score
15.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Edward Becker

So we think that is a targeted solution and we think that is by far the best solution, and we urge the committee and the Congress to jettison 1235, as written, and adopted this alternative proposal which is, as I say, approved by the Judicial Conference. We think it will really solve the problem.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.865
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0739628624
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0206776458
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0204741053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0134193848
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.006730442
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0049881979
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.004771485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0025994168
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0017812459
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000107048
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.90866E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.5
Gunning-Fog Score
17.5
Coleman-Liau Index
9.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15

Edward Becker

My statement talks about filing fees, data collection, income tax returns, bankruptcy rules. We think there are some other burdens imposed on the court, but I don't want to take the time of the committee. I will leave that to my statement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.8473
VADER
-0.325
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0367841101
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.003877416
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0016690881
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0006809693
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006678059
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005750624
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003181224
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002848262
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
9.41117E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
2.10328E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.7495E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
73.8
Gunning-Fog Score
9.4
Coleman-Liau Index
10.8
SMOG Index
9.9
Automated Readability Index
6.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12

Edward Becker

We also urge additional bankruptcy judges. I know that is a matter Senator Biden is concerned about, and we are because of the huge bankruptcy load in Delaware. We need more bankruptcy judges, but they need them a lot of places. I will leave those matters to the statement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.4
Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.4
Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.76214
VADER
0.141
Leans Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0132488189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0010117729
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0007509555
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006288757
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002181107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001482313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
8.7445E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.03727E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.58351E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.57697E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.44E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
68.4
Gunning-Fog Score
8.2
Coleman-Liau Index
10.5
SMOG Index
10.3
Automated Readability Index
5.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.8
Sprache Readability Score
3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10

Edward Becker

I thank you so much, Mr. Chairman, and, of course, if anybody has any questions, I would be pleased to answer them.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.66
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.066622661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0027555785
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0012551141
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0010406792
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006538236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0005863837
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001914323
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001708782
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
5.29854E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
4.06855E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.022E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
76.5
Gunning-Fog Score
8
Coleman-Liau Index
7.5
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
2.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.7
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Orrin Hatch

Well, thank you, Judge. This Senator is sympathetic to what you are saying, and your statement, I think, covers this very, very well.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.861
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0108126245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0038179853
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0037646605
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003202282
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002473958
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0001182718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.38547E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.2841E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.0017E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.8489E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.11E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
73.8
Gunning-Fog Score
6.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
5.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Orrin Hatch

Unless there are any questions, we appreciate your coming very much.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.402
Positive
Moderation
Self-Harm > Intent
2.9715962708
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7084237188
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.4051150531
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.9449509904
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.9106568992
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.6560509559
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.2244787524
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.1440920285
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.129386934
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0909486145
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0488112506
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.9
Gunning-Fog Score
11.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.4
Sprache Readability Score
2.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Edward Becker

Thank you so much.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.1358937356
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0673937437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0060359336
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0030805048
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0015397143
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005351189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002848091
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001302878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.15407E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.1039E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.6219E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
1.6
Coleman-Liau Index
4.7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Orrin Hatch

And we appreciate your taking time out of, we know, a very busy schedule. Thank you for being here.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.67
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.125072815
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0875415979
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0236049833
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0211879073
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0108248598
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0027727046
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0016960059
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0011344832
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005044257
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004196914
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003627905
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
77
Gunning-Fog Score
5.9
Coleman-Liau Index
8
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
2.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.1
Sprache Readability Score
2.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Patrick Leahy

Mr. Chairman, I would just note I think a couple may have some short questions in writing for Judge Becker.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.1982613234
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1362598501
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0171896914
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0099553668
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0024270597
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0021614995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013417901
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002398977
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000124343
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.45869E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.5323E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
86.7
Gunning-Fog Score
6
Coleman-Liau Index
9.2
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
3.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.7
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7

Edward Becker

Of course.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.1507805893
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0445159676
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0437594397
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.025135139
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0168384882
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013826264
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005460661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004846488
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001813612
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.52299E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.60068E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.8
Coleman-Liau Index
7.6
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.1
Sprache Readability Score
0.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Orrin Hatch

We will keep the record open, Judge.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0483677315
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0338321755
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0235504238
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0134138711
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.010042065
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.001180829
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006603891
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004353449
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.46599E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.14385E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.11609E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
91
Gunning-Fog Score
2.8
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.3
Sprache Readability Score
1.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2

Joe Biden

That is what I was about to ask.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0770071871
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0748059247
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0379111589
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0353978772
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0199160335
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0101442485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0022168841
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007718204
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001207606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001144712
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.3911E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
3.2
Coleman-Liau Index
1.8
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.4
Sprache Readability Score
1.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Patrick Leahy

We like having your expertise available to us, so thank you very much.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.1641948591
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0813656137
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0237869215
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0109131426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0080555619
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0021285148
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0010989786
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000649053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001334818
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.99146E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.78765E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.5
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
9.5
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
5.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Edward Becker

Thank you so much.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0919494079
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0319477578
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0295226346
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0085837601
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.004716964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0044179207
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.004040826
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0038950049
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001204393
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004709516
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001433103
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
1.6
Coleman-Liau Index
4.7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Orrin Hatch

Thanks so much.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.44
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1071039238
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.027036469
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0039772021
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0035995778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0023052322
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001364469
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0011189942
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004630665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003747321
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001653844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.49486E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
1.2
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.1
Sprache Readability Score
1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Orrin Hatch

We are grateful to have had Judge Becker with us today and that we could accommodate his schedule.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.459
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0624371809
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0143960977
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0034744247
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0032753233
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010372587
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0008265288
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003974131
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002367074
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.31675E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.0086E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.2929E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
71.1
Gunning-Fog Score
9.4
Coleman-Liau Index
10.4
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
8.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
3.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Note

[The prepared statement and an attachment of Judge Becker follow:]
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0447341619
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0081129088
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0021247588
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0017628967
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001595219
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006643655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005307566
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001469993
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001186904
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.35969E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.4589E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
Gunning-Fog Score
Coleman-Liau Index
SMOG Index
Automated Readability Index
Dale-Chall Readability Score
Sprache Readability Score
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
Sprache Difficult Word Count

Orrin Hatch

Statement of Hon. Edward R. Becker, Chief Judge, United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit Mr. Chairman and members of the Committee:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0304958492
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0024430852
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0016491113
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.001007518
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007740243
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006349647
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005276589
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003187383
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002589105
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001160861
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.05616E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
74.4
Gunning-Fog Score
2.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
4.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
2.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14

Orrin Hatch

My name is Edward Becker, and I am the Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. I appear before you as a member of the Executive Committee of the Judicial Conference of the United States to present the position of the Judicial Conference with regard to S. 220, the "Bankruptcy Reform Act of 2001." I thank you for the opportunity to appear today and would like to address six areas of concern to the judiciary: appeal of bankruptcy court decisions, need for new judgeships, re-allocation of revenues generated by filing fees, mandatory data collection, filing of tax returns with the bankruptcy court, and amendment of bankruptcy rules. Direct Appeals The Judicial Conference strongly opposes section 1235 of the bill regarding expedited appeal of bankruptcy cases. As proposed, this provision would revise the basic structure for appeals from the orders of the bankruptcy court by providing that all bankruptcy court orders appealed to the district court would become orders of the district court 31 days after such appeal is filed, unless the district court decides the case within 30 days or extends the time period for decision. Functionally, this will result in all appeals from bankruptcy courts being routed directly to the United States Court of Appeals, depositing some four thousand new cases per year on these courts.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.43508
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.31579
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.31579
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.63599
VADER
0.952
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0055913068
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0040776973
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0030750572
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008053014
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007837071
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003405746
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003033749
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002371206
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.62139E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.33342E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.6559E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.3
Gunning-Fog Score
17.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
78
Sprache Difficult Word Count
63

Orrin Hatch

Turning first to the provisions of section 1235, I note that, as a general matter, the Judicial Conference opposes statutory litigation priorities, expediting requirements, or time limitation rules in specified types of civil cases beyond those few categories of proceedings already identified in 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1657 as warranting expedited review.\1\ Mandatory priorities and expediting requirements run counter to principles of effective civil case management. Individual actions within a category of cases inevitably have different needs for priority treatment and are best determined on a case-by-case basis. In addition, as the number of categories of cases receiving priority treatment increases, the ability of a court to expedite review of any of these cases is restricted. Because 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1657 already authorizes the court to expedite a proceeding if "good cause is shown," additional restrictions on federal courts are unnecessary. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.1
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.1
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.19106
VADER
0.875
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0056305435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0022883381
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006813643
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006560203
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005733408
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001091931
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.70945E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
2.36211E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.89158E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.14503E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.786E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.1
Gunning-Fog Score
16.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
58
Sprache Difficult Word Count
50

Orrin Hatch

Beyond creating general case management problems by imposing such a time limit on the district courts, the particularly short time limit imposed by the proposed legislation would undermine the administration of justice. The district court would be required either to extend the 30 day period as a matter of routine or to make a determination as to whether direct appeal is appropriate or not within the 30 day period. The 30 day period running from the date of filing the appeal is patently insufficient to allow practitioners the time needed to adequately brief the issue, much less to allow the district court adequate time for review. It is clear to me that, as a practical matter, this provision requires direct review of these cases in the court of appeals. The 30 day layover in district court only increases costs to the litigants and will prove to be a meaningless step on the way to review by the court of appeals.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.95551
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.21429
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.21429
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.41985
VADER
0.773
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0299933017
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0283369562
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0089896646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0014136765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0011232237
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005962481
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004332335
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.51774E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.95948E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.48702E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.80678E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
49
Sprache Difficult Word Count
49

Orrin Hatch

The Judicial Conference has concluded that the inevitable result of this provision will be to saddle the courts of appeals with thousands of new cases. According to a study of the Federal Judicial Center, it has the potential to increase bankruptcy appeals by 400%. The circuit courts now handle approximately 1,000 bankruptcy appeals each year. Under the proposed procedure, the courts may be faced with 4,000 new cases annually. Such a precipitous increase in the caseloads of the courts of appeals is utterly unprecedented. All of the chief judges of the twelve regional circuit courts of appeals strongly oppose this provision. Many of these courts maintain incredibly high workloads while being chronically shorthanded. A significant increase in the volume of bankruptcy appeals exacerbates a grievous problem and negatively affects the prompt and effective processing of all appeals.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.63636
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.63636
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.335
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.13043
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.13043
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
0.735
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0655996031
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0181802694
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0123460253
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0039264811
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0015865544
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005212032
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002117581
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001561435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.73925E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.56193E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.5606E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.7
Gunning-Fog Score
14.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
53
Sprache Difficult Word Count
46

Orrin Hatch

The proposal is particularly unfair to parties to a bankruptcy appeal. It will most certainly increase the cost of the appeal. Practice, including briefing, is more complicated and time consuming in appellate courts than in district courts. Attorney fees and other costs to the parties will increase in 80% of all appeals, the percentage of appeals that currently proceed no further than the district courts. Further, appeals are handled far more expeditiously in district courts than in courts of appeals. Indeed, the current system is working well; the district judges by and large do a good job with these cases. In sum, the proposal provides for increased expense and increased delay for parties to a bankruptcy appeal, and attempts to fix something that "ain't broke."
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.941
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.1622962416
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0406145235
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0294127589
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0108182656
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0023586041
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0014642371
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007060184
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004323639
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000177299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.88044E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.39697E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.4
Gunning-Fog Score
12.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35

Orrin Hatch

The Judicial Conference recommends a proposal for expedited appeal of a targeted number of bankruptcy cases which is attached hereto. This proposal redresses the primary complaints regarding the existing statutory scheme for bankruptcy appeals: the need for expeditious final disposition of appeals in time sensitive cases (where the success of a reorganization depends upon a quick decision), and putative inefficiency in the development of binding precedential case law.\2\ The Judicial Conference proposal will solve these problems without creating the aforementioned unnecessary problems for litigants and the courts of appeals. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.99853
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.27444
VADER
-0.191
Leans Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0374032126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0236561726
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0219058231
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0108562948
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0066596265
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0026008078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006114434
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003254677
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001894673
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.31982E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.47204E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
6.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
45
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37

Orrin Hatch

The Conference position is that bankruptcy court orders should be reviewable directly in the courts of appeals if, upon certification from the district court or bankruptcy appellate panel, the court of appeals determines that (1) a substantial question of law or matter of public importance is presented and (2) an immediate appeal to the court of appeals is in the interests of justice. This would allow direct appeal where necessary to establish precedential case law and meet special needs of parties, while leaving intact the basic bankruptcy appellate structure. Most bankruptcy appeals are currently resolved effectively by the district courts or by the parties, as shown by a Federal Judicial Center review reflecting that 73% of bankruptcy appeals in the district courts were resolved with little or no judicial involvement. By preserving the district court as a forum for meaningful review, the Conference proposal satisfies two objectives-it allows for timely resolution of appeals at minimal cost to litigants, and it facilitates the establishment of precedential case law in bankruptcy without placing undue burdens on the courts of appeals. Judgeships Section 1225 of the bill would create 23 new temporary bankruptcy judgeships and extend the existing temporary judgeships in the northern district of Alabama, the district of Puerto Rico, and the eastern district of Tennessee for a period of three years, and extend the existing temporary judgeship in the district of Delaware for a period of five years. The section also contains a provision to extend the temporary judgeship in the district of South Carolina for a period of three years. Because the term of South Carolina's temporary judgeship lapsed on December 31, 2000, however, the bill will no longer have its intended effect with regard to that judgeship. The term of a judgeship that no longer exists cannot be extended. Therefore, the bill needs to "re-authorize" that judgeship by including it among the new judgeships created by the bill.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.65393
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45098
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45098
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95019
VADER
0.982
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0328021473
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0100006204
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.002970995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0019153944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013961972
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003580458
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002593004
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001941192
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.91473E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.85655E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.65672E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
123
Sprache Difficult Word Count
92

Orrin Hatch

The bill falls somewhat short of the needs of the judiciary. The Judicial Conference recommends authorization of 23 judgeships provided for in the bill, as well as an additional judgeship in the district of Maryland and a judgeship in the district of South Carolina to replace the lapsed judgeship. In addition, the Conference urges that 13 of these judgeships be established on a permanent basis \3\ and the other 12 on a temporary basis;\4\ that the current temporary judgeships in the district of Puerto Rico, the northern district of Alabama and the district of Delaware be converted to permanent positions; and, that the temporary judgeship in the eastern district of Tennessee be extended for a period of five years. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95551
VADER
0.459
Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0828306074
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0487303332
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0102862017
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0036166068
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0015309586
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0014800309
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008117142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002948719
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001102928
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.81179E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.3693E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
25.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
48
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35

Orrin Hatch

The Judicial Conference is required by law to submit recommendations to Congress regarding the number of bankruptcy judges needed and the districts in which such judgeships are needed.\5\ This requirement has engendered a process whereby the need for additional judgeships is assessed on a biennial basis. The bankruptcy and district courts provide recommendations to their respective judicial councils. The judicial councils' recommendations are then subject to onsite surveys of the districts for which judgeships are requested. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.36772
VADER
0.477
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1119537046
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0132542526
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0037847287
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0024523497
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005364735
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003885775
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003636714
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001043266
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.89665E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.76309E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.7075E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.7
Gunning-Fog Score
15.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31

Orrin Hatch

Under the direction of the Conference Committee on the Administration of the Bankruptcy System, the surveys include a thorough review of the dockets in each respective court and interviews with the chief district judge, the bankruptcy judges, the bankruptcy clerk, the United States Trustee, and local bankruptcy attorneys. Suggestions for improvements in case management and methods to achieve greater efficiencies are solicited by the survey team. The survey team then prepares a written report and recommendation regarding each respective district that is submitted to the Committee's Subcommittee on Judgeships. The Subcommittee reviews each request for additional judgeships and survey report and then forwards these materials, with its recommendation, to the requesting appellate, district and bankruptcy courts for additional comment. All relevant materials are then provided to the full Committee, which makes recommendations to the Judicial Conference. The Conference makes its determination on the need for each requested judgeship and then submits its recommendation to Congress.\6\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.20067
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.47826
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.47826
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.9904
VADER
0.955
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0868625124
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.063709775
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0560810964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0093683346
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0042400985
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0040261897
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0040167979
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0005156083
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002327997
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001943952
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001211981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
25.9
Gunning-Fog Score
16.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
65
Sprache Difficult Word Count
52

Orrin Hatch

Various factors are considered in this process for determining the need for new judgeships. The most significant factor is the "weighted judicial caseload" of each bankruptcy court. This figure is derived from a formula established as a result of a time study of the bankruptcy courts conducted by the Federal Judicial Center during 1988 and 1989. Absent exigent circumstances, the Judicial Conference considers requesting an additional judgeship only when the caseload of a court exceeds 1500 weighted filings per judge. In those instances in which the addition of a judgeship would result in a decrease of the caseload below 1500 weighted filings, the Conference seeks a temporary position; in those instances in which the weighted filings would remain above 1500 per judge even with the addition of another judge, the Conference seeks a permanent position.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.37949
VADER
0.265
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.041898535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0364208245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0293159479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0172299449
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0126524508
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0101117206
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0021072534
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0020838681
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0012162492
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006894367
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001804751
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.3
Gunning-Fog Score
18.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
52
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40

Orrin Hatch

Other factors which are taken into consideration during this review process, especially in those districts with case weights near the 1500 weighted filings threshold, include the nature and mix of the caseload of the court; historical caseload data and filing trends; geographic, economic and demographic factors; effectiveness of the case management efforts of the court; and, the availability of alternative resources for handling the caseload of the court.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0143230631
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0098379125
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0026205857
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0022593289
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012204949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.001207656
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0010053451
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0009048723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.30886E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.5913E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.6399E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29

Orrin Hatch

Additional bankruptcy judgeships have not been authorized by- Congress since 1992 when 35 new judgeships were approved. In response to a substantial increase in case filings, the Judicial Conference has made recommendations to Congress for additional bankruptcy judgeships in 1993, 1995, 1997 and 1999. These judgeships have not as yet been authorized by Congress.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95551
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0349037262
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0298980594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0212766594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0172232438
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0162298471
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0130272951
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0080666694
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0038645878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0017975904
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002581563
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.96532E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57
Gunning-Fog Score
13.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13

Orrin Hatch

The need for the required additional judicial officers is great. Bankruptcy filings continue at very high levels and well over a million cases are pending in our bankruptcy courts. While the judiciary employs a number of creative strategies to manage ever increasing caseloads, including the use of temporary bankruptcy judges, recalled bankruptcy judges, inter- and intracircuit assignments, additional law clerks, and advanced case management techniques, there remains a dire need for more judicial resources to handle the burgeoning judicial workload. Filing Fees Section 325 of the bill amends the statutory filing fees for chapter 7 and chapter 13 cases and re-allocates a portion of the revenues generated by such fees from the judiciary and the Treasury general fund to the United States Trustee program. This amendment will reduce revenues to the judiciary of approximately $5 million per year. While the Judicial Conference takes no position regarding the proposed reduction of revenue to the Treasury general fund, it strongly opposes reducing revenue currently allocated to the judiciary and providing it to the United States Trustees. The existing fee structure takes into account the significant costs the judiciary bears in administering the Bankruptcy Code. The costs of the United States Trustees are far exceeded by the costs of maintaining 324 bankruptcy judgeships and the staffs and facilities for these judgeships.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.63599
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.13333
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.13333
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25951
VADER
0.967
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.6328061689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0697325333
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0363995845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0265829003
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0022419954
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0010747964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003101675
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001655028
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001364741
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.10737E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.166E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
22.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
96
Sprache Difficult Word Count
79

Orrin Hatch

The current fee schedule took effect in December 1999.\7\ That schedule reflects an increase of $25 in the filing fee for both chapter 7 and chapter 13 cases to a total of $155, and allocates the increased filing fee revenue equally between the judiciary and the United States Trustee program. Assuming total filings of approximately 1.3 million per year, as based upon fiscal year 2000 figures, this increase would annually generate approximately $16.25 million each for the judiciary and the United States Trustee program. The increase was enacted with an understanding by the Appropriations Committees that these funds were required by the judiciary to meet its current statutory responsibilities, without taking into account any additional funding that would be required to meet the new responsibilities imposed by the bankruptcy reform legislation. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.43508
VADER
0.919
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0436457485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0292456272
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0127917898
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.009958187
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0042703876
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.002745739
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0024038474
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004926585
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001754544
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.85993E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.62048E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
21.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
58
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44

Orrin Hatch

This bill would further revise filing fees to $160 for chapter 7 cases and $150 for chapter 13 cases and reduce that portion of the filing fee that is allocated to the judiciary from $52.50 as provided under current law to $50.00 in chapter 7 cases and $45.00 in chapter 13 cases. Assuming the annual filing of approximately 900,000 chapter 7 cases and 400,000 chapter 13 cases, this provision would have the effect of reducing revenues to the judiciary by over $5 million per year, while increasing revenues to the United States Trustee program by over $7 million per year.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.586
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0508130819
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0284089125
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0279270287
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0253160455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.014405683
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0122381083
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0032996672
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0012915882
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006301551
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003103649
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.27879E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
8.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27

Orrin Hatch

The Judicial Conference strongly opposes this re-allocation of revenues at a cost to the judiciary of more than $25 million over the next five years. Not only are these funds required by the judiciary to meet its current statutory responsibilities, but other provisions of this bill will require additional expenditures by the judiciary of an estimated $80 million during the same five year period. Moreover, revising filing fees that took effect only 14 months ago, with all the attendant administrative costs and disruptions, would seem to be an unwise expenditure of taxpayer funds. Data Collection Section 601 of the bill directs the clerks of court to collect, and the Administrative Office to compile and report, financial data of consumer debtors and certain categories of case event statistics in consumer bankruptcy cases. The Congressional Budget Office estimates that this requirement will cost the judiciary $30 million over the next five years.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.23077
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.23077
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.43532
VADER
0.026
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0847588351
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0632333627
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0273479061
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0161579228
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0151271408
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0103179031
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0088834247
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0044045268
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0032362492
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.003094535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002412718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
22.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
53
Sprache Difficult Word Count
53

Orrin Hatch

The Judicial Conference is opposed to the provisions of the bill that direct the judiciary to collect and report financial data that is unnecessary to fulfill its responsibility to report to Congress and the public information on the adjudication of cases. Under these provisions, the financial data is to be derived from the schedules and statements filed by consumer debtors. This information, filed by debtors at the outset of bankruptcy cases and in many instances without the assistance of a lawyer, is, at best, of questionable reliability\8\ Both assets and liabilities are frequently valued inaccurately by consumer debtors, and some debt simply cannot be valued definitively at the outset of the case because it is unliquidated, contingent or disputed. Therefore, these provisions will not generate "improved bankruptcy statistics," but will impose significant costs upon the taxpayers. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.45455
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.45455
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8873
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.27763
VADER
0.055
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0076035016
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0059831189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0022523591
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0021166228
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0020211794
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.001745575
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004651866
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004209537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000137761
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.78133E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.301E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
8.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
56
Sprache Difficult Word Count
51

Orrin Hatch

A far superior approach, in our view, is to append the responsibility to collect, compile and report financial data to the responsibility of the United States Trustees to conduct audits under the bill. This approach would have two significant benefits: it would yield audited, and thus accurate, data, and it would accomplish this at a fraction of the cost to the taxpayer. We believe that this data would meet the needs of Congress to conduct a continuing assessment of the functioning and effectiveness of the bankruptcy system. The staff of the Administrative Office is prepared to work with congressional staff to craft an appropriate replacement for the provision that currently appears in this legislation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.64706
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.64706
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.42139
VADER
0.929
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0176809684
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.012391503
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.012385397
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0093437557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0055830802
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006469963
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006187552
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000366357
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002267875
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001004236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.87737E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.7
Gunning-Fog Score
18.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
44
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44

Orrin Hatch

In the event Congress is committed to imposing the responsibility to collect, compile and report financial data upon the judiciary, we respectfully request extension of the date upon which this provision would take effect. Compliance with these new requirements will require revising official bankruptcy forms, developing new statistical data fields, training clerks in entering additional data into our computer systems, devising data extraction programs, and reprogramming Administrative Office statistical compilation programs. We will also have to coordinate with forms publishers and software developers so that the new forms can be made available to attorneys and debtors. In order for these responsibilities to be met in an accurate and thorough manner, we recommend that the provisions regarding collection and reporting of financial data be revised to take effect 24 months after enactment of the bill, with the first report due to Congress no later than 36 months after enactment of the bill.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.64706
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.64706
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.42139
VADER
0.572
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.2049419796
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0784078555
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0679752848
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0319498911
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0081527643
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0045647532
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.003655515
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.003453215
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012509912
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005609574
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003019709
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
10.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
63
Sprache Difficult Word Count
58

Orrin Hatch

The bill also requires the bankruptcy clerks and the Administrative Office to collect and report certain case event statistics. While the judiciary is the appropriate entity to collect and report this information, this responsibility would similarly pose a significant problem. Events occurring in bankruptcy cases are reported to the Administrative Office through the electronic case management systems of the courts. The current systems, however, are nearing the end of their useful lives and cannot collect additional information of the sort required by these bills. To upgrade these systems to meet the requirements of this legislation would require a major financial investment, contrary to good government and common sense, and divert resources from and delay the development and deployment of a new, modern electronic case management system that is in the process of being deployed in the bankruptcy courts.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.22378
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.27273
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.27273
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.53408
VADER
0.572
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1370587153
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1000353834
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.072079472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0355507218
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0189711078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0127784631
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0014510714
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007464088
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004347193
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000376845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.11504E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
52
Sprache Difficult Word Count
52

Orrin Hatch

This new system will not be installed and operating in all districts for at least three and a half years. Accordingly, if the judiciary is to be required to collect and report these case event statistics system-wide, we urge that this provision be revised to take effect 48 months after enactment of the bill, with the first report due to Congress no later than 60 months after enactment of the bill. Income Tax Returns The bill requires chapter 7 and chapter 13 debtors, upon request of a creditor, to file with the bankruptcy court copies of federal income tax returns for the three year period preceding the order for relief and for the period during which the case is pending. The bill further requires the court to limit access to the returns pursuant to security procedures promulgated by the Director of the Administrative Office and requires the court to destroy the returns three years after the case is closed.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.29412
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.29412
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.57054
VADER
-0.077
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0572379329
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0117171468
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0095351337
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0049472965
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0037279984
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0032793207
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0028012839
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0022797085
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0011015934
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005493767
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.13816E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
43
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48

Orrin Hatch

Implementation of this provision would entail development and maintenance of a filing system separate from the public case files, with access limited to trustees and parties in interest. Court files, with the narrow exception of sealed records, are public records available on request. Because the sealing of records is relatively rare, sealed records can be easily segregated from the public case file. The routine filing of tax returns, however, would be problematic.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
0.557
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0312828692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0082605322
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.006026823
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0028845259
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001580722
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0013254499
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007016065
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002339642
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002131195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.31858E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.24818E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.3
Gunning-Fog Score
14.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30

Orrin Hatch

Recognizing that tax returns are not to be made available to the public, the bill requires the Director of the Administrative Office to establish procedures to safeguard the confidentiality of tax information and to establish a system to make the information available to the United States trustee, case trustee, and any party in interest. To carry out this-responsibility, it would be necessary to establish a separate filing system for tax returns in each clerk's office, as well as to provide personnel to manage it so that unlawful dissemination of this information would not occur. This would be a costly undertaking requiring additional office space and personnel.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.52381
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.52381
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.93
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2941921586
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0766279292
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0516252883
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0446229416
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0216654298
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0204488795
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0166288795
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0090103735
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0019000014
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0007587777
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.79423E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
14.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35

Orrin Hatch

As the United States Trustee's files are not public records, limiting access to trustees and parties in interest would not require segregating tax returns and creating separate procedures governing access to them. The Trustee's office also has personnel and procedures in place to deal with debtors. While the Trustees may well need some additional resources to meet this responsibility, that cost should be far less than the cost of establishing a new separate system in each clerk's office.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.125
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.125
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.23639
VADER
0.908
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0817215303
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0207452031
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0153541318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0144852151
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.009972079
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0085157328
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0081112223
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0059575326
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0043243464
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0026254636
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0013273145
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.5
Gunning-Fog Score
17.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29

Orrin Hatch

Accordingly, the Judicial Conference takes the position that the bankruptcy courts should not be required to maintain tax returns filed by debtors, which are typically of no use in the administration of bankruptcy cases. The Conference believes that responsibility for collection and maintenance of these tax returns would be more appropriately assigned to the United States Trustees, who are responsible for supervising and estates and approving distributions to creditors. Bankruptcy Rules Section 102 of the bill establishes standards governing sanctions for abusive filings that are inconsistent with Bankruptcy Rule 9011. In addition, section 319 states the sense of Congress suggesting several changes to Bankruptcy Rule 9011. The cumulative effect of the provisions will cause confusion and needless satellite litigation. Accordingly, they should be deleted from the bill.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.63636
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.63636
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.335
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.12
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.12
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.2318
VADER
-0.612
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0526333577
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0242514987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0031522795
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0027240007
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0018842704
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010231791
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006900333
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002361475
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002002216
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.16459E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.0151E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.5
Gunning-Fog Score
17.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
50
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48

Orrin Hatch

There are six provisions in the bill that directly task the Supreme Court or the Judicial Conference or its Advisory Committee on Bankruptcy Rules to promulgate a bankruptcy rule or an official form to implement a new requirement added by an amendment of the Bankruptcy Code. Section 221 amends section 110 of the Code to require bankruptcy petition preparers to provide to the debtor a notice, the contents of which are detailed in section 110(2)(B). The provision states that the notice shall be an official form issued by the Judicial Conference. Section 419 requires the Judicial Conference's Advisory Committee on Bankruptcy Rules, after considering the views of the Executive Office for United States Trustees, to propose for adoption rules and forms to assist a debtor to disclose the value, operations, and profitability of any closely-held business. Section 433 requires the Advisory Committee to propose for adoption a standard form disclosure statement and plan of reorganization for small businesses. Section 435 requires the Advisory Committee to propose for adoption rules and forms for small- business debtors to file periodic financial and other reports. Section 716 expresses the sense of Congress that the Advisory Committee propose rules amending Bankruptcy Rules 3015 and 3007 to extend deadlines for governmental units to object to confirmation of chapter 13 plans and to restrict the rights of interested parties to object to tax claims until the filing of a required tax return. Finally, section 1234 takes the extraordinary step of amending the Rules Enabling Act to prescribe the form to assist a debtor to report monthly income and expenses required to implement amended section 521 of the Code.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.69231
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.69231
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.52606
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.16667
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.16667
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.32721
VADER
0.929
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0035297566
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0033647098
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0009281096
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006997842
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005194253
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.00020192
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001884298
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001017401
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.91745E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.72795E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3977E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.5
Gunning-Fog Score
18.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
109
Sprache Difficult Word Count
80

Orrin Hatch

These provisions are unnecessary because the Advisory Committee automatically reviews any legislation amending the Bankruptcy Code to identify and prescribe any needed amendments to rules and forms. More importantly, directing the Judicial Conference or one of its committees to amend a particular rule or form bypasses the initial stages of the Rules Enabling Act process and needlessly undercuts in varying degrees the proper role of the Judicial Conference and its committees, the bench and bar, the public, and the Supreme Court in that process. Conclusion In conclusion, the Judicial Conference urges the Committee to amend the legislation to replace the expedited appeal provision with the Judicial Conference proposal, to re-authorize the lapsed South Carolina judgeship and provide the other needed judgeships, to leave intact the current filing fee structure, to re-assign the responsibility to compile and report financial data and maintain tax returns to the United States Trustee program, which is better suited to meet these responsibilities, to extend the effective date for collection and reporting of case event statistics by the bankruptcy clerks and Administrative Office, and to delete the provisions regarding amendment of bankruptcy rules.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.16667
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.16667
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.31015
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.81676
VADER
0.954
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0540685782
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0285035698
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.016022558
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.004646372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0035296958
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0023645745
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0012075304
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.00120291
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006494765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002628029
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.00022881
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
87
Sprache Difficult Word Count
80

Orrin Hatch

Again, thank you very much for this opportunity to appear before the Committee. I am prepared to answer any questions that you may have.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.527
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0448157487
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0086130822
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0069500624
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0038886959
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0038003818
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0022315282
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0018968476
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0017221108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0009006159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001228957
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.77298E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57.2
Gunning-Fog Score
8.1
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
10.3
Automated Readability Index
6.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.6
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

SEC.______BANKRUPTCY APPEALS
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0035822199
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0033828848
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0009285806
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006937581
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005166528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002036572
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001867522
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001027361
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.96099E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.7568E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.44E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.1
Gunning-Fog Score
0.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
10.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Orrin Hatch

Appeals. -- Section 158 of title 28, United States Code, is amended -- (1) in subsection (c)(1) by striking out "Subject to subsection (b),"
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.51083
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0214878921
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0069100286
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0040912364
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0031421205
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0012356402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008146822
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003338953
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.0134E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.23555E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.51833E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.0274E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
77.5
Gunning-Fog Score
9.8
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
3.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
2.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10

Orrin Hatch

and inserting in lieu thereof "Subject to subsections (b) and
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0024521933
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0023428376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009455641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003599648
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.55022E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
2.10462E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.0648E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
1.08869E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.681E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.291E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.01E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.9
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
2.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Orrin Hatch

in subsection (d) -- (A) by inserting "(1)" after "(d)"; and (B) by adding at the end of that subsection the following new paragraph: "(2) A court of appeals that would have jurisdiction of a subsequent
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0135113689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.009568817
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0053082975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0044812117
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009521044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004425803
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002565467
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.30289E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.4613E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.003E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.709E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
8.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9

Orrin Hatch

appeal under paragraph (1) or other applicable law may, in its
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.061311241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0090723195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0027723667
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0017694299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009120867
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000500079
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004023037
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.67898E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.56306E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.2108E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.6311E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57.2
Gunning-Fog Score
11.7
Coleman-Liau Index
9.9
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
4.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
2.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

discretion, permit an immediate appeal to itself, in lieu of
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0092491304
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0084991669
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0040753879
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0022758832
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009035012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007099973
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001552729
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.75634E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.85808E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.9387E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.1878E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.9
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
6.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.4
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Orrin Hatch

further proceedings in a district court or before a bankruptcy
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0384028972
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0067487199
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0065322645
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0057817979
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0032584718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005082152
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002762542
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.16507E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.60976E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.1463E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.3515E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.9
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
8.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
2.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Orrin Hatch

appellate panel exercising appellate jurisdiction under subsection
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0439676689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0096880191
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0036397887
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0022908622
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0020859774
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0009286462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006894558
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000684435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005164237
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004015593
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.9303E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Orrin Hatch

or (b), if the district court or bankruptcy appellate panel
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0100262871
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0061312021
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.003583901
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016662174
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010054515
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000814248
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003555978
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002800445
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.47374E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.14233E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.7952E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
61.3
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
5.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
2.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Orrin Hatch

hearing an appeal certifies, that -- "(A) a substantial question of law or matter of public importance is presented in the appeal pending in the district court or before the bankruptcy appellate panel; and "(B) the interests of justice require an immediate appeal to the court of appeals of the judgment, order, or decree that had been appealed to the district court or bankruptcy appellate panel."
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.832
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0046695812
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0017478771
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010203074
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003397885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002148232
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0001500259
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001445594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001365347
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001196691
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.26502E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.10944E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
2.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22

Orrin Hatch

Procedural Rules. -- Until rules of practice and procedure are promulgated or amended 19 under the Rules Enabling Act (28 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 2071-2077) to govern appeals to a court of appeals 20 exercising jurisdiction under section 158(d)(2) of title 28, as added by this Act, the following shall apply: (1) A district court or bankruptcy appellate panel may enter
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.3470951226
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.3323828569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.2144523198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.167966506
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0519442256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0185207376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0099790719
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0052869578
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007281455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001098138
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.411E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
74.6
Gunning-Fog Score
8.7
Coleman-Liau Index
8.4
SMOG Index
10.1
Automated Readability Index
2.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20

Orrin Hatch

acertification as described in section 158(d)(2) during an appeal to
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0693911919
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0257118198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0163990029
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0056731325
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0037228718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0016812195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009393669
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007908517
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006567244
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001489911
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.14012E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
60.7
Gunning-Fog Score
8.1
Coleman-Liau Index
9.2
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

the district court or bankruptcy appellate panel under section
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0037190501
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0018484165
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0017843555
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0016774306
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006139178
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004521339
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
9.48935E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.28952E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.5609E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.2047E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.5625E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.9
Gunning-Fog Score
12.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
11.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.2
Sprache Readability Score
2.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Orrin Hatch

158(a) or (b). (2) Subject to the other provisions of this subsection, an appeal by
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.006690836
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0031396343
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.000305461
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002827967
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0001745976
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001015073
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
9.39132E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.14223E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.93124E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.9587E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.075E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
87.7
Gunning-Fog Score
8.2
Coleman-Liau Index
5.1
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.4
Sprache Readability Score
2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

permission under section 158(d)(2) must be taken in the manner
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.077068602
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0374252908
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0120242606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0041770134
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.004102242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0024382436
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017608869
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004877741
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004648749
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001520875
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001118938
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
74.8
Gunning-Fog Score
8.1
Coleman-Liau Index
6.3
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
2.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.5
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

prescribed in Rule 5 of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. (3) When permission to appeal is requested on the basis of
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.3595672548
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1201097039
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0205787714
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0192319174
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0112569905
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.007630355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0024524106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0021388985
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004947764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004053194
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.73974E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
64.9
Gunning-Fog Score
8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
5.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8

Orrin Hatch

acertification of a district court or bankruptcy appellate panel,
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.057384657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0300248561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0064744097
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0035739318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0014606429
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002483062
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001063097
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.98779E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.43794E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.25573E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.319E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
9.7
Gunning-Fog Score
16.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.2
Sprache Readability Score
2.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Orrin Hatch

the petition must be filed within 10 days after the district 10
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.0151158063
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0125343024
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0091247588
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0025795845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006256061
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0005020985
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.70198E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.7411E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.35229E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.22544E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.179E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
88.9
Gunning-Fog Score
8.1
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
3.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

court or bankruptcy appellate panel enters the certification. (4) When permission to appeal is requested on the basis of
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0493236934
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0283686386
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0123880774
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0024678549
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0013927876
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0013078139
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012991482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0012292053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005074505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002589241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001910668
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
2.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9

Orrin Hatch

acertification of a district court or bankruptcy appellate panel,
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0009672804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0008547422
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0008373425
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003788785
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003562957
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003521326
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003024819
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.0789E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.7289E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.279E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.17E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
9.7
Gunning-Fog Score
16.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.2
Sprache Readability Score
2.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Orrin Hatch

acopy of the certification must be attached to the petition. (5) When permission to appeal is requested in a case pending before
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0634356344
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0228651843
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0196935114
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0176646907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0033415585
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0032051361
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002162109
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001554013
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001058103
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.4228E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.3341E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.5
Gunning-Fog Score
13.5
Coleman-Liau Index
11.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8

Orrin Hatch

abankruptcy appellate panel, the terms "district court" and
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0816946675
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0465447025
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0097078002
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0052254167
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0029633944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0017524371
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004901798
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003095915
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.61458E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.41231E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.50346E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.1
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
11.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Orrin Hatch

"district clerk," as used in Rule 5 of the Federal Rules of
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0541822577
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0056131143
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0053078875
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0050216986
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.004182745
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010116494
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0009996013
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009109913
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006657107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.1002E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.1973E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
88.9
Gunning-Fog Score
4.8
Coleman-Liau Index
5.8
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
1.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.2
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

Appellate Procedure, mean "bankruptcy appellate panel" and
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0028588383
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0027473656
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.002218519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004469099
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003855779
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001408454
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.88625E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.0713E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.0064E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.263E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.293E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
6.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

"clerk of the bankruptcy appellate panel." (6) When a court of appeals grants permission to appeal, the Federal
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2953290939
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0378481433
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0278458581
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0172571396
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.009166394
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0054929798
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003578898
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001344644
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.20184E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.38532E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.6079E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
61.4
Gunning-Fog Score
10.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
5.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
2.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9

Orrin Hatch

Rules of Appellate Procedure apply to the proceedings in the court
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.045805017
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0099439632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0068492256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0051229697
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0038991118
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.001057401
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006561203
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001788844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.88919E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.471E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.3323E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57.2
Gunning-Fog Score
8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Orrin Hatch

of appeals, to the extent relevant, as if the appeal were taken
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0408322929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0080795719
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0065714572
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.005490335
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0044820157
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.002031849
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006299742
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002668501
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001534686
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.28034E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.516E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
67.8
Gunning-Fog Score
8.1
Coleman-Liau Index
8.7
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

from a final judgment, order, or decree of a district court or
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Self-Harm
0.0043064247
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0031227868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0030073601
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013349731
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007782032
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006612997
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000601794
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005057248
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002374107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.1228E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.94035E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
74.8
Gunning-Fog Score
4.8
Coleman-Liau Index
8.2
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
3.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

bankruptcy appellate panel exercising appellate jurisdiction under
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0530826685
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0328464608
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0120711782
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0086806132
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0066641813
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0060838684
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0020954942
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016086949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004842317
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001413753
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.5504E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Orrin Hatch

section 158(a) or (b). SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0903237669
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0141140437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0052984004
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0050925657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0024939125
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0023754255
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013152195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.50342E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.35868E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.9136E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.3104E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
70.7
Gunning-Fog Score
1.8
Coleman-Liau Index
7
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2

Orrin Hatch

Currently, decisions of bankruptcy judges can be appealed either to -- (a) the district court for the respective district or (b) to a bankruptcy appellate panel of three bankruptcy judges. Further
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.33647
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Harassment
4.2613387108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
2.5533612818
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.305669453
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.5140908528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.4456024151
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.2809995553
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.1987758093
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0567777664
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0194305947
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.006525428
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0036645655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Orrin Hatch

appeals lie from the district court or bankruptcy appellate panel
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.51083
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0851160381
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0298432948
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0120872108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0083725827
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.00793902
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0054564091
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0010669338
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000752344
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006500758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003567364
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000193065
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.9
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
9.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.4
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7

Orrin Hatch

to the court of appeals for the circuit.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0851160381
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0298432657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0120872108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0083725899
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.00793902
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0054564032
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0010669338
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0007523447
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006500758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003567364
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000193065
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
93
Gunning-Fog Score
3.2
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
1.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.3
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Orrin Hatch

In practice, this approach to bankruptcy appeals has had difficulty fastening certainty and predictability in bankruptcy law. Unlike those of a court of appeals, decisions of a district court acting as an appellate court or a bankruptcy appellate panel have no stare decisis value or, in other words, are not binding beyond a particular case.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
-0.052
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.4569520243
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0433255889
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0290783966
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0087214095
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0076790493
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0074493189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0012011264
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006533436
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003814152
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.4801E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.01448E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21

Orrin Hatch

To address that problem without sacrificing the economy to the parties of review by a single district court judge, this section amends section 158 of title 28 to permit an appeal to be heard directly by the court of appeals if the district court or bankruptcy appellate panel certifies that -- (1) the appeal presents a substantial question of law or matter of
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.61904
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.5473033991
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.02913723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0281946704
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0120849756
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0087452441
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0060356171
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0045039615
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0034728975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0013084563
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001105266
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000197439
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
14.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21

Orrin Hatch

public importance, and (2) an immediate appeal to the court of appeals is in the interests of
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.542
Very Positive
Moderation
Self-Harm
0.1683179638
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1356282155
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0558208209
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0452803128
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0448848383
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0192594613
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0101389203
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0038162561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
9.912E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.69425E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.7331E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
60.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
9.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Orrin Hatch

justice, and if the court of appeals agrees to hear the matter.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.649
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2177401213
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.061500544
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0473695341
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0403905258
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.006847411
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0056468525
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0027555445
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000398236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001352648
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.13109E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.54406E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
81.9
Gunning-Fog Score
4.8
Coleman-Liau Index
8.7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
4.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.2
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

Since this creates a new route of appeal, this section provides
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Self-Harm
0.0980436918
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0702392252
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.06620434
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.059634418
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0525070122
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0244395866
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0024508723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004040585
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
1.87172E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.5041E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.3963E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
88
Gunning-Fog Score
4.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
6.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Orrin Hatch

interim procedures until permanent rules can be prescribed under
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0627089408
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0385633233
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.025613411
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0236405685
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0077803488
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0049612241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0040074046
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.003605508
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0022290844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003905279
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.496E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
2.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Orrin Hatch

the Rules Enabling Act.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0592504104
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0179309849
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0168751198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0086264146
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.005770148
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0056572979
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0043348213
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006023428
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001743299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.86026E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.30924E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
75.9
Gunning-Fog Score
1.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
2.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.1
Sprache Readability Score
1.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
1
Sprache Difficult Word Count
1

Orrin Hatch

This section preserves the option of prompt, inexpensive review in the district court for cases in which the parties need it -- i.e., fact- intensive cases, small cases, and cases where the parties only want a quick "second look" by another source. It also provides for direct review by the court of appeals so that binding precedent can be created in those cases and for those issues meriting that treatment, without flooding the courts of appeals with all bankruptcy appeals.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.43508
VADER
0.832
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0321483734
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0012139352
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000610903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004394981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000438367
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0002969011
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001122678
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
7.24576E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.50548E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
2.03636E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.7503E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.6
Gunning-Fog Score
11
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.3
Automated Readability Index
11.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21

Orrin Hatch

Our panel will be Judge Randall J. Newsome, United States Bankruptcy Court of the Northern District of California, in Oakland, California; Philip Strauss, Principal Attorney, San Francisco Department of Child Support Services, in San Francisco, California; Brady C. Williamson, Esquire, LaFollett, Godfrey and Kahn, former Chair of the National Bankruptcy Review Commission, from Madison, Wisconsin; Dean Sheaffer, Vice President and Director of Credit, Boscov's Department Stores, in Laureldale, Pennsylvania; Maria T. Vullo, Esquire, Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton and Garrison, out of New York City; Ken Beine, President of Shoreline Credit Union, of Two Rivers, Wisconsin; Dr. Robert Manning, Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Higher Education, Law, and Governance, University of Houston Law Center, in Houston; and Todd J. Zywicki, Esquire, George Mason University, Assistant Professor of Law.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.866
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.031877053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0156490205
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0081651277
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0041958727
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0022690823
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0016064414
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000501233
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000473984
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002603761
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.29816E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.16524E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.8
Gunning-Fog Score
9.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
78
Sprache Difficult Word Count
73

Orrin Hatch

We are sorry to have such tight seating arrangements. They are left over from yesterday's hearing. We had the CEOs of all the major airlines appearing before us, and apparently the coach seating kind of upset them just a little bit. [Laughter.]
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.8473
VADER
-0.656
Very Negative
Moderation
Self-Harm
0.0209624079
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0106304818
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0057708028
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0047001442
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0023614963
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008060099
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006568202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002195862
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000154378
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.24262E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.3993E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
67.1
Gunning-Fog Score
9.4
Coleman-Liau Index
11
SMOG Index
9.9
Automated Readability Index
6.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Orrin Hatch

It has been left over for you today, so we hope it doesn't upset you as much as it did them.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0.12
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0507745717
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0268195028
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0154055466
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0061880841
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0020003259
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0014920513
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0009229963
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0008790958
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003493584
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002923279
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002132563
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
88.8
Gunning-Fog Score
8.4
Coleman-Liau Index
3.5
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
4.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
1
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Orrin Hatch

We will begin with Judge Newsome and go on from there.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0132393849
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0034604345
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.002227667
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0016618455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0010291682
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003626843
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
5.3993E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
4.6969E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
4.35434E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.14403E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.348E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
95.7
Gunning-Fog Score
4.4
Coleman-Liau Index
7.2
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
2.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2
Sprache Readability Score
2.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
1
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2

Randall Newsome

Good morning, Mr. Chairman and distinguished members of the committee. My name is Randall Newsome and I am a bankruptcy judge from the Northern District of California.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.44
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0505192089
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0057732137
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0027793074
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0011368877
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000695424
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002017535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001752534
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001738869
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.11497E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.47478E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.793E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
56.7
Gunning-Fog Score
8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
9.9
Automated Readability Index
7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
2.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12

Randall Newsome

I should note at the outset that I am here representing only myself, no other person or organization. My intention this morning is not to make policy pronouncements or value judgments about bankruptcy reform. That is the role of Congress, not the courts. But I think my position as a bankruptcy judge puts me in a unique position to provide observations about how S. 220 will work as drafted.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
0.052
Neutral
Moderation
Self-Harm
0.0590227544
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0371907343
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.021162731
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0137817493
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0124044251
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0074737458
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0028956305
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0021138369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0020965255
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0013839694
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.62426E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
60.4
Gunning-Fog Score
11.9
Coleman-Liau Index
11
SMOG Index
11.7
Automated Readability Index
6.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.8
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20

Randall Newsome

My first observation is that the means test in this bill will move very, very few people from Chapter 7 to Chapter 13. As the data in my written testimony indicates, only about 15 percent of filers, if that, are above the median income, and probably no more than 3 percent will actually be forced into Chapter 13 or dismissed.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.637
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.7738214452
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.6985433865
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.334233488
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.1854116214
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0888292736
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0676443742
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0624277163
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0305070716
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0046766356
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0039109054
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0020526963
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.1
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
8.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15

Joe Biden

What was that percentage, Judge? I am sorry.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
-0.077
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.2053306671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0455489964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0261020061
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0079782869
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0063997606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0057963334
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.002697401
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0018577259
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005964085
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002916309
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.5736E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
86.5
Gunning-Fog Score
6.6
Coleman-Liau Index
9.2
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
0.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
1
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2

Randall Newsome

Three percent.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.2124912571
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0298689411
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.015587754
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.006157469
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0026331714
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010706878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009852892
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002949535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000191594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.25208E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.3941E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
77.9
Gunning-Fog Score
0.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
7.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
1
Sprache Difficult Word Count
1

Joe Biden

Three percent will be forced into 13?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
-0.459
Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0398973236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0184421078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.017895014
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0133834634
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0026969612
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007816723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000622443
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000482724
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004466589
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001179929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.2679E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
2.8
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
1.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2

Randall Newsome

Or dismissed.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0234596606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0072121002
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.002699771
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0026109916
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.001642278
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005951925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004546669
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002264359
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002145407
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001172785
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.26559E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
5.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
1
Sprache Difficult Word Count
1

Joe Biden

Or dismissed.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0371263479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0283241272
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0167376405
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0131969602
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0057547779
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.00355745
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0022975026
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0016532686
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000401606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000350376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002791744
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
5.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
1
Sprache Difficult Word Count
1

Randall Newsome

The problem for 97 percent of those who file will not be passing the test, it will be taking the test. By my count, the means test will require at least another five forms on top of what is already required. It will require the production of tax returns and a credit counseling certificate just to get in the courthouse door.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
0.178
Leans Positive
Moderation
Self-Harm
0.1539857825
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0760339841
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0565009308
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0459741073
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0339794758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0040617269
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0019824025
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0018496048
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004805362
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.05866E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.39499E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
73.9
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
10.6
Automated Readability Index
8.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14

Randall Newsome

So even if you are like the 65-year-old single woman from Monticello, Illinois, I discuss in my written testimony making $657 a month in Social Security, or the cook from Decatur, Alabama, making $850 a month, or the single mother who draws Social Security and makes $1,170 per month as a temporary worker supporting three kids, you will have to get the credit counseling, file 16 or more forms -- it might be 14 -- and dig out your tax returns for at least 1 year or more before you can perfect a filing in bankruptcy court.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.64706
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.64706
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.42139
VADER
0.938
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0509100675
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0417347968
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0062159292
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0044730914
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0036951413
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0008866152
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008700149
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006154942
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003272764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.43661E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.3706E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
7.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25

Randall Newsome

The means test form alone will probably be several pages long. In any event, if you don't submit all the forms on time, your case will get dismissed automatically, no matter what the circumstances. And once you get dismissed, the bill makes it very hard to get back in and stay in. Thus, the overall effect of the bill is not to promote repayment of debts in bankruptcy; it is to try to keep people out of the system altogether.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.4
Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.4
Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.76214
VADER
-0.641
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0154746245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0067600886
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0063993881
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0027827844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0019087169
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.001006958
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008662819
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002760783
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001238383
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.44895E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.55357E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
68.1
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
8.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18

Randall Newsome

By adding all of these forms and requirements to a simple Chapter 7 case and by imposing new requirements on bankruptcy attorneys themselves, the bill will make legal services too expensive for most consumer debtors to afford. They will be left trying to represent themselves or will turn to bankruptcy petition preparers, who frankly have become the bane of the bankruptcy system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.63636
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.63636
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.335
VADER
0.026
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0174870511
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0144407124
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0101133213
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0080718091
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0069692098
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0028710945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0013477062
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000854426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
6.01783E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.25801E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.54521E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23

Randall Newsome

One thing it will not do is keep people from filing. If your income is about $21,500 a year, which is the median income of the bulk of the households in our case surveys, and your unsecured non-priority debts are about $23,400 a year, the median debt in our surveys, then bankruptcy is just about your only option.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
-0.625
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0810519792
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0714947877
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0254176732
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0223390147
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.020107106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0130479588
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0095586671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003629832
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001153174
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.91856E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.45825E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.1
Coleman-Liau Index
7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12

Randall Newsome

Not only will the bill move virtually no one from Chapter 7 to 13, it largely destroys any incentive for debtors to file a voluntary Chapter 13, with the exception of those seeking to prevent foreclosure. At present, all Chapter 13 cases are voluntary. They comprise approximately 30 percent of all cases filed nationwide, and in some districts especially in the South, they amount to over 50 percent of the court's docket. Chapter 13 trustees pay out millions of dollars on unsecured debt every year. Much of that recovery for creditors may be lost under S. 220.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.881
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.3004257334
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0443681522
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0360403064
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0353106181
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0168553073
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0143467929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0059572769
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0043212509
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0016578819
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003070112
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002899142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
60.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
10.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30

Randall Newsome

If these were the results intended by the drafters of the bill, so be it. The bankruptcy judge's job is to uphold the law as it is written and we will, or at least we will try. But these results are not what I understood bankruptcy reform to be all about when the process began several years ago.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.33647
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Self-Harm
0.0812111655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0457649992
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0339487829
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0074614334
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0061560422
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0060925537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008849638
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001332235
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
6.75147E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.08635E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.6859E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
72
Gunning-Fog Score
11.2
Coleman-Liau Index
7.8
SMOG Index
10.6
Automated Readability Index
7.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12

Randall Newsome

Thank you for having me today.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1262844191
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1226678141
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0811334176
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0659878715
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0338390499
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0081624494
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0042245159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.003959216
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.00013472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.03809E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.01082E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
87.9
Gunning-Fog Score
2.4
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.3
Sprache Readability Score
1.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
1

Note

[The prepared statement and attachments of Judge Newsome follow:] Statement of Hon. Randall J. Newsome, Judge, United States Bankruptcy Court, Northern District of California, Oakland, California Mr. Chairman and distinguished members of this committee, I very much appreciate the opportunity to comment upon the Bankruptcy Reform Act of 2001. By way of introduction, I have been a bankruptcy judge in the Oakland division of the Northern District of California since May of 1988. From October, 1982 until May, 1988 I was a bankruptcy judge in the Southern District of Ohio sitting in Cincinnati. From October of 1998 until October of 1999, I was the president of the National Conference of Bankruptcy Judges. However, I want to make it clear that I appear before you today representing myself only, not the NCBJ.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.888
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0172152795
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.004225894
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.001876611
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0009160329
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0008053077
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007235258
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004673473
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002061435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001603724
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.5459E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3433E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.9
Gunning-Fog Score
9.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37

Randall Newsome

Before commenting on S. 220, it might be useful to provide some information about the people who are filing bankruptcies. One of the problems plaguing the debate over bankruptcy reform has been and continues to be the lack of empirical data. The anecdotes about bankrupt movie stars and rock musicians, as well as the catch phrases being bantered about, all make for, great speeches, but don't move us any closer to a real understanding of why over a million people filed for bankruptcy last year. In an attempt to help fill this empirical void, in 1999 60 bankruptcy judges from 33 different states surveyed 5235 randomly-selected cases that were closed in their districts within the previous year. That data was analyzed by Professor Gary Neustadter of Santa Clara University School of Law. Based upon his review of the 3151 cases filed and closed in 1998, he found (among other things) that the median gross income of debtors was $21,540, some $15,000 lower than the median income for all U.S. households in 1997. Only 15% of these debtors had gross annual income equal to or exceeding the national median income for families of the same size. The median amount of unsecured nonpriority debt for these same debtors was $23,411. A copy of Professor Neustadter's findings is attached as Exhibit 1.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.22378
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.21511
VADER
-0.932
Very Negative
Moderation
Hate
0.6208731793
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.3834637813
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0738682982
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0549036835
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0437770068
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.029799511
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0121931007
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.00613257
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013945272
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008801554
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002132657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.7
Gunning-Fog Score
12.6
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
68
Sprache Difficult Word Count
64

Randall Newsome

I had my staff review all 5235 cases as to several other categories of information. The results of their review are attached as Exhibit 2. One of the most disturbing numbers concerns the level of medical debt reported. The average unweighted percentage of cases reporting over $1000 in medical debt was 25%. The medical debt numbers are probably understated, because they don't include medical debts that might have been charged to a credit card.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.851
Very Negative
Moderation
Hate
0.5703921895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.4499203991
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.1316706999
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0936190889
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0721978606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0279483647
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0193125321
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0165758625
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0040373205
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0026155423
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003628206
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.5
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21

Randall Newsome

The data in the surveys also indicate that a small but significant number of debtors are either retired or disabled. It is very difficult to tell just how many people fall into these categories. Often debtors report receiving social security, but also state that they are employed, indicating that perhaps some of them are older people who can't get by without working.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.36772
VADER
0.274
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.6518156268
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.5758452229
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.2182631288
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0915209006
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0588599534
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0587547198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0434394169
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0240339286
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0067644025
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.004927563
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0008150987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.9
Gunning-Fog Score
13.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18

Randall Newsome

One of the more interesting findings from these cases concerns the automobiles debtors own. The average model year of all cars and pick- ups reported in all 5235 cases was not quite 1989. In other words, the average debtor owns a car that is between 6 and 9 years old. Since the means test in Sec. 102 of S. 220 allows a deduction from the debtor's income for monthly contractual payments to secured creditors, and since many debtors probably need a new car anyway, purchasing an automobile may become a legitimate form of pre-bankruptcy planning if the bill is enacted. That may be good news for the automobile industry, but bad news for auto lenders.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.64663
VADER
-0.243
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Hate
0.7294199895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.4873835482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.1452010125
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.081157824
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0811425503
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0403044483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0183583325
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0158732597
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0038180253
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0019322273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002503549
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
65.3
Gunning-Fog Score
12.5
Coleman-Liau Index
10
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32

Randall Newsome

One number that I am unable to provide is how many of the debtors in these surveys would be dismissed or converted to chapter 13 under the means test. It seems there are as many ways to apply the test as there are people studying it. It's not just because some of the numbers seem to overlap. It's also because the IRS "Other Necessary Expenses" allowance appears to encompass anything that is reasonable and necessary for the health or welfare of the family or production of income. The alleged inconsistencies in applying the "substantial abuse" test presently incorporated into Sec. 707(b) will seem trivial by comparison to what is wrought by the means test.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.125
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.125
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.23639
VADER
-0.494
Negative
Moderation
Hate
0.9120959789
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.4226278514
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0803082483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0648564543
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0294699334
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0170437808
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0079122801
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0023219651
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010278235
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003117077
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.67039E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
11.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33

Randall Newsome

Notwithstanding these misgivings, I tend to agree with those who have speculated that very few debtors (probably less than 3%) will be dismissed or forced into chapter 13 by Sec. 102.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.94591
VADER
-0.128
Leans Negative
Moderation
Hate
1.020223368
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.5403877236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0943203107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0924230553
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0742524862
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0324169348
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0163788907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0074204567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0028245735
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008274704
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001646982
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
73.8
Gunning-Fog Score
10.1
Coleman-Liau Index
11
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
7.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Randall Newsome

If only 15% of all chapter 7 filers will trigger the means test, and only a handful of that group will be shuttled into chapter 13, why have the test at all? Putting aside the substantial burden this complicated construct will impose on the bankruptcy system, consider what every debtor, regardless of circumstance, will be required to do in order to obtain relief. I'll use a case from the Central District of Illinois. This case is fairly typical of what bankruptcy judges see virtually every day. The debtor is a 65-year-old retired single woman living in Monticello, Illinois, a small town about 40 miles from Decatur and 30 miles from Champaign. Her sole source of income is $657 per month in Social Security benefits. She also receives $10 a month in food stamps. Her monthly expenses total $827 per month, and are probably understated. She owns a 1987 mobile home and a 1993 Chevrolet Lumina. Both of these assets are exempted and unencumbered by debt. She lists $21,739 in unsecured debt on five credit cards and two department store cards. To characterize her as insolvent does not do her financial condition justice.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.13043
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.13043
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
0.625
Very Positive
Moderation
Hate
0.839763321
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.7356822491
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.1887370599
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0867055554
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0790388149
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0372370298
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0333139615
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0115693401
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0032785578
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0020336791
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003720723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
64.5
Gunning-Fog Score
11.2
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
60
Sprache Difficult Word Count
64

Randall Newsome

In order to be eligible for chapter 7 relief, she must first obtain credit counseling from an approved credit counselor within 180 days prior to filing, or if she has a good excuse, within 45 days after she files. She will then be required to file a certificate evidencing what credit counseling services she received, as well as any repayment plan developed.\1\ Assuming she knows she has to obtain credit counseling, that the credit counselor must be on the approved list, and she is able to locate one, what are they going to talk about? She's 65 years old, she's got almost' $22,000 in debt, and she makes $657 per month. She needed credit counseling before she went $22,000 into debt, not when the money's already been spent. Why are we burdening her with credit counseling on the eve of bankruptcy? -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.73913
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.73913
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.76766
VADER
0.973
Very Positive
Moderation
Hate
0.8272583596
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.4839559086
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0763436314
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0643524283
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0521112524
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0363503757
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0148785402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0116560448
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0020030078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008505773
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002465453
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.8
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
9.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
42
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34

Randall Newsome

For many of the debtors in our 5235 cases, credit counseling would simply be a pointless exercise. A case from South Dakota involving a husband and wife who both work and have three children is illustrative. Their mortgage balance is $12,801, and their payments are $118 per month. They budget $75 per month for clothes and $25 for recreation. They own a 1984 Isuzu and a 1988 Pontiac, and report owing money on one or both cars. They aren't in bankruptcy because of credit card debt -- they don't have any. They apparently filed because of $67,373 in medical debts. With three dependents and a combined gross income of just over $2500 per month, it is unlikely that a credit counselor could do much for them. Nonetheless, S. 220 makes credit counseling a condition of eligibility for this couple, apparently on the presumption that their financial condition is the result of their profligate spending habits. This same presumption apparently applies to the single parent with three dependents in Lawrence, Kansas who makes $1170 a month as a temporary worker plus $341 in Social Security, has $249 in credit card debt but $10,900 in medical debt; and to the couple in Oxnard, California with one dependent whose only income is $1090 per month in SSI disability payments, who have no credit card debt, but report $5307 in medical debt; and to the cook in Decatur, Alabama who makes $850 per month and whose only unsecured debts are some $26,419 in medical debt. These cases are neither isolated nor anecdotal. There are many more just like them among the 5235 cases examined.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.47826
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.47826
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.9904
VADER
-0.813
Very Negative
Moderation
Hate
0.9594810195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.7536055986
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.1013337867
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.093690207
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0376615993
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0246196694
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.011789245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0031334457
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0011314438
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003943889
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001525336
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.1
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
9.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
79
Sprache Difficult Word Count
63

Randall Newsome

In addition to the credit counseling certificate and the extensive set of forms presently required, the retired woman from Monticello, Illinois and all other consumer debtors will need to file a means test calculation form,\2\ an itemized statement of monthly income,\3\ a statement disclosing any reasonably anticipated increase in income or expenditures over the next 12 months,\4\ and a certificate of notice of alternatives under Sec. 342.\5\ Those who are employed will also be required to file pay stubs for the previous 60 days.\6\ If the debtor fails to file all of these documents within 45 days of filing the petition, or within such additional time as the court allows up to another 45 days, then the case is dismissed automatically the day after the deadline expires.\7\ If their case gets dismissed for failure to file any of these documents, and they try to file again within one year, they'd only be entitled to a 30-day automatic stay, which can only be extended if they rebut the presumption of bad faith the statute imposes.\8\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.56495
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.44444
Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.44444
Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.89794
VADER
-0.296
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Hate
1.0939101689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
1.0566504672
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.1421037712
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1304727863
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.095248525
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0596009195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0184704579
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.016537281
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0015203388
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0009090924
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002963678
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.7
Gunning-Fog Score
17.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
58
Sprache Difficult Word Count
54

Randall Newsome

Debtors will also have to furnish the chapter 7 trustee with their most recent tax return by no later than the date first set for the meeting of creditors. All creditors are entitled to request copies of those returns. They may also request tax returns for the three years prior to filing and for returns that are filed postpetition and prior to the closing of the case.\9\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0128774336
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0095190357
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0048980146
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0028939437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007287763
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006490641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005747126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003254038
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002878427
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.58558E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.0006E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
71.4
Gunning-Fog Score
9.2
Coleman-Liau Index
10.2
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
7.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20

Randall Newsome

The stated intent of the consumer provisions of S. 220 was to shepherd those who could repay some of their debts from chapter 7 into chapter 13. But the effect of the provisions highlighted above and many others in the bill is to make it more difficult for anyone to obtain bankruptcy relief of any kind. Notwithstanding all of the hurdles and pitfalls, it is doubtful that many people will be deterred from filing. The financial condition of the overwhelming majority of debtors is such as to leave no other viable option.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.26826
VADER
-0.537
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.3284078557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0175629815
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0092849914
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0080197904
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0071933144
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.006847574
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0044448352
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0030441233
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016196644
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0008889639
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.9794E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12.6
Coleman-Liau Index
11.1
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28

Randall Newsome

Despite all of the problems in S. 220, there are many parts of this bill that would bring about welcome reforms. The provisions regarding collection of bankruptcy data, the permanent reenactment of chapter 12 and amendments to the preference statute to protect small trade creditors are representative examples.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.44
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0232560866
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.010964337
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0033102289
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0023241451
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017695447
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0008261269
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002720364
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.59123E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.87223E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.3652E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7229E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.6
Gunning-Fog Score
15.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Randall Newsome

Other provisions could be beneficial with some modification. Everyone agrees that instruction on personal financial management is sorely needed in this country. The financial management training test program in the bill is certainly a step in the right direction. If the program were offered at no cost to debtors immediately after they attend their Sec. 341 meeting, it probably would be far more effective than credit counseling obtained on the run to satisfy a bankruptcy eligibility requirement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.36842
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.36842
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.73089
VADER
0.921
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1666057273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0614923949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0563884329
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0318201521
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0024843634
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0017001401
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007725243
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007434059
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002710415
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002501678
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001558814
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31

Randall Newsome

If the bill is to have a means test, it should be similar to the one proposed by Senator Grassley in the original Consumer Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1997. It should be enhanced by specific standards for determining bad faith and the need for specific findings by the court. The United States trustee should be assigned to enforce the test as one of her mandatory duties. Creditors and chapter 7 trustees should be permitted to bring motions to dismiss or convert in any case in which a debtor earns more than 125% of the median income for comparable households in the state.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.36772
VADER
0.718
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0337356993
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0066562163
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0061226827
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0047252935
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0017403641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006862801
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003524421
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002455901
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001567304
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001207393
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001084913
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54.9
Gunning-Fog Score
14.9
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35

Randall Newsome

If S. 220 must contain the means test as presently drafted, then debtors whose incomes are below the applicable median should be entirely insulated not only from its application, but from its paperwork requirements as well. All debtors should be required to file the schedules and statement of financial affairs presently prescribed by the Bankruptcy Rules in order to initiate their case. They should also be required to show the United States trustee their tax return for the previous year at or before the meeting of creditors. If the tax return and other evidence establish probable cause to believe that the debtor's income is above the median, then the debtor would be required to file all of the additional documents prescribed by the means test and by Sec. 315 of the bill. If no such probable cause is found, then the debtor would be relieved of any further filing requirements.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.125
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.125
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.23639
VADER
0.857
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0378969038
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0370338588
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0327613001
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0283115718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.007722553
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0026791271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002819982
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002151697
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001063204
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.89736E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.29077E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54.8
Gunning-Fog Score
14.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
42
Sprache Difficult Word Count
41

Randall Newsome

This same two-tiered approach should apply to chapter 13 cases. As presently drafted, S. 220 destroys any incentive to file a voluntary chapter 13 case, unless the debtor is seeking to save his house from foreclosure. The enhanced discharge in chapter 13 has been eliminated,\10\ as has the ability to alter the terms of secured automobile debts.\11\ When these disincentives are combined with the continuing duty to turn over tax returns on a yearly basis and to fulfill other means test reporting requirements, the choice between chapter 7 and chapter 13 will be obvious to most debtors. If these provisions must be a part of S. 220, then they should only be applicable to those who were forced to convert their cases to chapter 13 pursuant to the means test. Voluntary chapter 13 filers who propose to pay back a substantial portion of their unsecured debt at a minimum should be given the ability to the modify their secured debts on motor vehicles purchased more than one year prior to filing. They also should be able to discharge debts that would be nondischargeable in a chapter 7 case under Sec. 523(a)(2), (4) and (6). -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.21739
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.21739
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.42286
VADER
0.7
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0297365594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0155387519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0008501426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007395239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005422446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003740771
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003161077
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002462858
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001395128
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.96038E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.27082E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.4
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
10.1
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
63
Sprache Difficult Word Count
57

Randall Newsome

One of the most glaring and widely-publicized abuses in the bankruptcy system is the ability of debtors in a few states to shelter most of their wealth through the use of an unlimited homestead exemption. Section 322 of the bill does not cure this problem. It would allow wealthy debtors to move to a state with an unlimited homestead, pour the bulk of their assets into a residence, and then hunker down for two years until they can file for bankruptcy. The two year provision should be eliminated, and a uniform $100,000 cap on homestead exemptions in bankruptcy should be imposed.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.38566
VADER
0.718
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0372747134
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.010533099
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0101531899
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0030196596
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0016687314
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002747613
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001364387
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
7.74642E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.66064E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.89816E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.79985E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.6
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28

Randall Newsome

A much-needed and relatively uncontroversial suggestion for improving the bill would be to stop trying to regulate bankruptcy petition preparers, and simply ban them instead. They are subject to no standards of practice or conduct, they too often engage in the unauthorized practice of law and they frequently cause great harm to debtors and creditors alike.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.16705
VADER
-0.296
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Sexual > Minors
0.0443359575
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0242166541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0156924143
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.010075781
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0037415753
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005174767
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005131668
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004328804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001774268
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.83736E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.96724E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23

Randall Newsome

These ideas for improving the bill are not fully formed, nor do they exhaust the list of suggestions. As always, I stand ready to assist this Committee in any way it deems appropriate in its pursuit of fair and workable bankruptcy reform. Thank you for this opportunity to appear and be heard. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.007
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.857
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0196773137
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0127680003
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0040966985
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0026665633
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.001602518
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0015422258
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004912402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001342462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.78158E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.96902E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.23785E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
64.1
Gunning-Fog Score
9.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
10.8
Automated Readability Index
6.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.008
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual > Minors
0.0434984016
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0178168149
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0069591944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0050056529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0017236436
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000909762
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003654567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003388479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.27952E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.13772E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.54521E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.009
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0140988705
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0039785336
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0019681334
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0015168212
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013337476
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009027838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003982504
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002356472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000182859
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001190389
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.6165E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.010
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0281249173
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0153174551
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0139558208
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0109702356
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0087761546
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0031567648
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0026375898
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0018599862
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000623012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003356734
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003315112
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.011
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0553997117
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0324242574
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0102784361
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.005571725
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0030900788
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0019915718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0016700147
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001384887
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0011440453
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000417832
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.64708E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.012
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0408771739
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0054269702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0043635097
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0025457444
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0021589181
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0019680227
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0010619029
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006731431
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002052142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.22323E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.6414E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.013
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.025876271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0126887826
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0022606524
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0019646866
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012409199
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0011342463
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002820082
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000197349
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001294473
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.8243E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.8745E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.014
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0157979885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0106766034
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0039149916
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001447079
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007773473
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.02907E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.38542E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
6.48128E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.87267E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.70251E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.02905E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.015
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.1097140717
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0176298243
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0045955108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0028604854
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008587293
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000829846
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006331066
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003614044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000181396
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001564683
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001450554
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.016
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.1296745264
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0250309386
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0041564737
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0040092473
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0022682494
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0007766655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0007269397
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006345797
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003865454
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002428158
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.5878E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.017
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.1669602236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0130015207
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0078565005
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0069066286
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0040362043
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0016063968
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0014927203
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0014865832
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008549321
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.45812E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.18843E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.018
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0779049355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.014515275
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0053027019
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0051672163
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0046954447
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0040305345
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0027527447
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0025525753
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003951878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003702794
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002876463
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.019
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.1303838333
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0217310357
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0174280576
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.006511448
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0063928557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0015293912
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0010874697
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009874931
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004947669
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003616654
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.63572E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Note

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T6343.020
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.2149447333
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0612513453
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0294609723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0165934485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0026002421
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0014237617
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006895103
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.34504E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.46879E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.66425E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.82152E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0
Sprache Readability Score
0.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Randall Newsome

Senator Sessions [presiding]. Mr. Strauss?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0312351302
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0136068906
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0117115065
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0037305588
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0029435576
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0026484959
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0007592562
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007157692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002829038
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.36435E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.83191E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.3
Gunning-Fog Score
0.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
7.9
Automated Readability Index
7.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Randall Newsome

Senator Hatch has stepped out. He will be back in a minute and he asked me to keep the panel moving.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0085373766
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0037266123
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.003231805
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0028666078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.001003239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0005744885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005378735
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002028292
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.00019912
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.52796E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.5766E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
91.4
Gunning-Fog Score
4.2
Coleman-Liau Index
6
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
1.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.5
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Philip Strauss

I am happy to move.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.572
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0499352929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0180820221
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0093412869
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0073612326
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0026938278
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0025783203
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0023618881
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0010792438
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006275709
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003857584
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.79305E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
2
Coleman-Liau Index
0.6
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Philip Strauss

Mr. Chairman and Members of the Judiciary Committee, good morning. My name is Phil Strauss. I am the Principal Attorney of the Department of Child Support Services in San Francisco. I am authorized today to speak on behalf of the National Child Support Enforcement Association, the California District Attorneys Association, and the California Family Support Council.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
0.875
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0592900906
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.038388386
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0069980728
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0036466747
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0021248925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0016768339
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.001140383
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0007255094
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001777996
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.35132E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.82763E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.3
Gunning-Fog Score
5.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
3.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22

Philip Strauss

Basically, my background is for the last 28 years I have been an employee of the Office of the District Attorney of the City and County of San Francisco, and for the last 25 years I have been with, as it was known at that time, the Family Support Bureau. That division is now an independent agency in San Francisco, known as the Department of Child Support Services.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.66
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2299930668
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0660787162
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0627957867
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0531192636
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0362543244
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0102813865
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0056791894
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0049331535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0007579728
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002623512
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002414462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.4
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17

Philip Strauss

For the last 13 years, I have been specializing in the enforcement of support during bankruptcy. I have practiced in this field, litigated numerous cases, handled numerous appeals. I write and teach on the issue, and I am here for the limited purpose of discussing the effect S. 220 will have on the ability of custodial parents to survive after the non-custodial parent has filed for bankruptcy protection.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.477
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1096189022
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0551753212
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0107681328
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0078710327
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0019792404
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0018594594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0010914085
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004097648
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003334148
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.61053E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.4159E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.2
Gunning-Fog Score
14.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21

Philip Strauss

I am very happy that this committee has invited me to speak today because it is important for you to understand the despair I see everyday when a bankruptcy petition stops child support debt in its tracks. I see far too many custodial parents, 95 percent or more of whom are women, in very difficult circumstances with little or nothing to cushion their fall when their child support or spousal support suddenly ceases.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.691
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0131558118
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0093612703
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0035081252
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.002750682
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.001994617
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0014170605
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007136332
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0006190267
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001096997
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.6004E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.9628E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18

Philip Strauss

I am the one who has to look them in the face and say there is just nothing I can do to get you the support which you need and are entitled to, at least in a timely fashion, after a parent has filed for bankruptcy protection. Much is needed to be done to protect this most vulnerable population, and these are basically moms who have custody of children.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
0.751
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0448779523
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0347161898
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0142097459
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0067578134
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0051091578
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0046769168
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0041174375
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0024089168
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0012424215
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003361212
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002278743
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54.1
Gunning-Fog Score
18.4
Coleman-Liau Index
8.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13

Philip Strauss

Based upon my experience, I have proposed nine changes in the Code to ensure that support obligations would be paid during bankruptcy, and that they would be given significant preferential treatment. These proposals were originally introduced in the 105th Congress. They were polished and enhanced by other child support enforcement attorneys like myself in consultation with the National Association of Attorneys General. The culmination of that work is the child support provisions of the 106th Congress which are now in S. 220, Sections 211 through 217. Additional refinements were added in Sections 218 to 219.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.88707
VADER
0.919
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0536880689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0091089372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0012614631
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0011706482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0010163501
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000135509
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001328778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001188687
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
6.271E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.41563E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.1927E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.4
Gunning-Fog Score
13.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32

Philip Strauss

The principles in drafting these provisions were six-fold. The provisions were intended to be largely self-executing, and the resulting benefit would be a reduction in the cost of litigation, better and more efficient use of court time and public resources, and the protection of custodial parents who would otherwise simply lose their support rights or sacrifice them by having to pay large attorney's fees which would in essence eat up whatever they could recover.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.776
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0578254345
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0562239438
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0100893369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0026780033
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013580922
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005884267
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004371368
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002654105
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001960653
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.72594E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.6654E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30

Philip Strauss

The provisions were intended to ensure that support payments would not be interrupted by the bankruptcy process. As members of the child support community, we wish to eliminate, or at least minimize the statutory conflicts between the Bankruptcy Code and the child support program.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.879
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0188137943
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0114023838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0057629059
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0043928274
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0028006561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0022433363
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0010233273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0007801225
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007505359
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001897596
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.5892E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.4
Gunning-Fog Score
16.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16

Philip Strauss

The next principle is we wanted a clear recognition of the primacy of child support debts and that all generally recognized support debts would be entitled to special treatment under the code.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.896
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0447050057
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0044937897
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0039990788
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011791838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008481747
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001617056
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001192447
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
9.29029E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.8901E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.3008E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.312E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12

Philip Strauss

The fifth principle was the bankruptcy process should be structured so that the debtor would be able to liquidate non- dischargeable debt to the greatest extent possible within the context of the bankruptcy case and allow the debtor to emerge from the process with as fresh a start as possible.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.27273
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.27273
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.51083
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0933853269
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0466205238
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.019501608
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0060078357
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0045301771
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0039178376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.001211168
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.001116668
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0008622811
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0006040508
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002396249
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17

Philip Strauss

Finally, the Code would assure that all support owing to a family would be paid first to the family before the government would receive any payments due to them for child support. Under current law, when a bankruptcy petition is filed, support frequently ceases. Debtors can emerge from the bankruptcy process with a discharge without paying their ongoing child support and liens securing the support debt can be lost. This loss may well doom any prospects for payment of the debt.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.848
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0110343804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0083075895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0045235465
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0016061382
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012715472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009133801
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006164012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004335038
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.3165E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.11649E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.1735E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54.7
Gunning-Fog Score
13
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28

Philip Strauss

With that in mind, I drafted the provisions. I am here to answer any questions about the provisions, but you should know that really my expertise is in the field of viewing the Bankruptcy Code from the point of view of support creditors.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.55
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0106460531
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0096032243
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0076732234
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0064410262
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0032639084
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007224012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005719176
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002987666
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001926078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.43963E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.87752E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
61.1
Gunning-Fog Score
14.2
Coleman-Liau Index
10.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Jeff Sessions

Thank you, Mr. Strauss.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.1062393887
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0544924638
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0201880976
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0122386686
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0044498276
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0031898653
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016277179
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008111037
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001129485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.21455E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.8957E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.8
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2

Note

[The prepared statement of Mr. Strauss follows:] Statement of Philip L. Strauss, Principal Attorney, San Francisco Department of Child Support Services I welcome the opportunity to discuss the effect the "Bankruptcy Reform Act of 2001" will have on the collection of child support and alimony when a support debtor has filed a petition for relief under the Bankruptcy Code. For the past 28 years I have been employed as an attorney by the City and County of San Francisco, the last 25 of which have been spent establishing and enforcing support obligations in the Family Support Bureau of the Office of the District Attorney. At the end of last year the Bureau became the Department of Child Support Services, an independent county agency operated in compliance with the federal child support program under Title IV-D of the Social Security Act. For the last 13 years I have specialized in the collection of support during bankruptcy and have taught this subject to attorneys both in California and nationally. I have litigated bankruptcy support cases before the bankruptcy court, the district court, the Bankruptcy Appellate Panel, and the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.22378
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.67117
VADER
0.989
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0105359322
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0065103995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0055835702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0030963147
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0010725335
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002639805
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002437734
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002132952
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001035839
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.16421E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.9159E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
67
Sprache Difficult Word Count
54

Jeff Sessions

Three years ago I drafted amendments to the Bankruptcy Code which were incorporated in bankruptcy reform legislation of the 105 th and 106 th Congresses. The language of those amendments was subsequently refined in a collaborative effort between myself and other child support attorneys in coordination with Karen Cordry of the National Association of Attorneys General. These amendments were adopted pretty must verbatim in the bankruptcy reform conference reports of the 105 th and 106 th Congresses and in the current bill, S. 220. It is my opinion, and the opinion of every professional support collector with whom I have discussed the issue, that the support amendments contained in Sections 211 through 219 of S. 220 will enhance substantially the enforcement of support obligations against debtors in bankruptcy. These enhancements will also result in a more efficient and economical use of attorney and court resources.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.44828
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.44828
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.92799
VADER
0.944
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0447710889
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.026369121
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0257867709
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0194732726
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0083803141
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0025649593
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0024602274
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000137761
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.76064E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.43718E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.55417E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.9
Gunning-Fog Score
16.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
58
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48

Jeff Sessions

The support amendments have been endorsed by many individuals and organizations, including three national associations whose members consist of persons whose primary professional duty in the enforcement of support obligations in the federal child support enforcement program These organizations include: the National Child Support Enforcement Association, the National Association of Attorneys General, and the National District Attorneys Association. In giving my testimony on this issue, I am authorized to speak on behalf of the California District Attorneys .Association and the California Family Support Council. The membership of these organizations carries out the federal child support enforcement program in California.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.69231
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.69231
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.956
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0121859164
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0104014172
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0020328009
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0019288562
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.00156305
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0008708592
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005239202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005172517
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004738358
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.37914E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.5612E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
49
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29

Jeff Sessions

During the past 13 years in which I have taught the subject of support enforcement during bankruptcy, I have appeared continuously in bankruptcy court, written a manual for support attorneys to use when dealing with bankruptcy cases filed by support debtors, counseled support attorneys in handling bankruptcy cases, and have reviewed virtually every court opinion written. on this subject since the enactment of the Bankruptcy code in 1978. Based on this experience, I developed what essentially became a "wish list" of amendments to the Bankruptcy Code aimed at facilitating support collection from bankruptcy debtors This wish list is reflected in sections 211-217 of S. 220. In this statement I will discuss not only how these amendments affect support debtors during bankruptcy, but what they mean in the larger context of support enforcement generally.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.04452
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.924
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0056557768
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0054360542
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0028611623
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.001591123
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001402547
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013819805
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001488481
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001213228
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
7.50115E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.81258E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.06918E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.6
Gunning-Fog Score
18.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
52
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37

Jeff Sessions

Before discussing specific sections, I would like to comment on the overall erect of these amendments. I believe they achieve the following: (1) a reduction in the need to appear in bankruptcy court and the consequential reduction in the cost of litigation; (2) a reduction in the current conflicts in law and policy between the Bankruptcy Code and the federal child support enforcement program [Social Security Act, Title IV-D]; (3) reasonable insurance that significant support enforcement mechanisms will not be interrupted by the bankruptcy process; and (4) a clear recognition of the policy that all generally recognized support debts are entitled to a preferential treatment in bankruptcy.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.901
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.3239395097
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0543054368
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0205115604
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0036992347
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0014186899
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0010046061
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004079105
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002754453
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001104931
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.94738E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.19663E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
4.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38

Jeff Sessions

The most important amendment is found in section 214 which removes several significant collection remedies from the effect of the automatic stay Of these, the most valuable by far, is a provision allowing the continued operation of an earnings withholding order as defined in the Social Security Act. [42 U.S.C. 666(b)]. Since state courts or administrative agencies have already determined the appropriate level of support and arrearage payment, the removal of withholding orders from the reach of the stay will require a support debtor to design his or her bankruptcy plan to accommodate support debts -- the most serious and primary of all financial obligations. Under current bankruptcy law the reverse is true. The support creditor is often forced to take a back seat to other ordinary creditors when a support arrearage is paid pursuant to a bankruptcy plan.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.48148
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.48148
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.00552
VADER
0.967
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0143342389
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0010190151
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000480637
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003913231
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.000209633
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
5.32166E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.37043E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.0879E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.9358E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.1642E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.62E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
48
Sprache Difficult Word Count
46

Jeff Sessions

The importance of this amendment cannot be, underestimated. Federal law requires all support to be paid by employees through wage withholding orders. Such orders account for the lion's share of support collection receipts.\1\ tinder current bankruptcy law, when a debtor files for protection under Chapters 12 or 13, the collection of ever. ongoing support is stayed. The economic detriment to a debtor's family, which is not receiving public assistance, can be devastating Surely sound public policy must recognize that there are some obligations which must be met, even when a debtor should be relieved from obligations to general debtors. Of these, none can be greater than the payment of support needed for the health and welfare of the debtor's family. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.28571
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.28571
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.5664
VADER
0.927
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.1400689012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1218928024
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0197127316
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0065540655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0037110149
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0028669852
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0015031025
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.00084646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007661011
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001313179
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.24708E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.5
Gunning-Fog Score
14.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
42
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44

Jeff Sessions

All too often a domestic court may reduce the current support order to accommodate the payment of arrears In such cases the total amount of payment through the assignment order may not only be helpful, but crucial, in providing for the daily needs of the debtor's spouse, former spouse, and children.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95551
VADER
0.15
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0618323451
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0242439855
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0225231983
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.008332415
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.00532347
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0024879811
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0024339528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0013389857
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000338188
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.8554E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.3119E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18

Jeff Sessions

This amendment, therefore, not only insures that the payment of support by wage earners will not be interrupted. by bankruptcy, it will also avoid the need to entangle the debtor's family in the bankruptcy process. Under current bankruptcy law the support creditors would have to seek relief from the automatic stay in bankruptcy court in order to re-institute the earnings withholding order and file a claim to collect arrearage payments from the bankruptcy trustee. And even if these procedures were preformed by an attorney in the child support program, delays in support enforcement would be inevitable and the outcome unsure.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.13549
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.3
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.3
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.58779
VADER
0.901
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0120046825
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0113906797
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0093151262
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018043387
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0014806095
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006352313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003310834
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003201005
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.15504E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.60831E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.45589E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.8
Gunning-Fog Score
17.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
40
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38

Jeff Sessions

In addition to the removal of the earnings withholding process from the automatic stay, other federally mandated collection processes would be exempt under section 214 of the bill. These include the interception of the debtor's income tax refunds to pay support arrears: the license revocation procedures for those debtors who are not paying support; the continued enforcement of medical support obligations; and the continued reporting of support delinquencies to credit reporting agencies \2\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.17647
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.17647
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
0.848
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0127193824
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0040584935
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.003172331
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0008235758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007346147
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004968455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003121536
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.04028E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.6994E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.3319E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.3242E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
11
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35

Jeff Sessions

Perhaps the second most important and useful amendment to the Code is found in section 213 of the bill which prevents a debtor from obtaining confirmation of a bankruptcy plan and a subsequent discharge if that debtor has not made full payment of all support first becoming due after the petition date. This section is significant for two reasons. First it will prevent a support debtor from paying other debts at the expense of familial obligations. And second, this provision is self executing. Neither the support creditor, an attorney for the creditor, nor a public attorney will have to seek enforcement of this provision in bankruptcy court.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.1
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.1
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.19106
VADER
0.883
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2313257894
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1274064183
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0903128355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0344253873
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0027933476
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0027579606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010822636
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005965934
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003026588
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002225933
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.64519E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36

Jeff Sessions

In addition this section allows a support creditor to seek dismissal of an ongoing plan at any time the debtor fails to pay the on-going support payment These provisions working together, provide crucial check points a three stages of the bankruptcy process. At the earlier confirmation stage, the support debtor will be reminded that payment of all important current support obligation is a critical step in getting approval of a bankruptcy plan as well as the lesson that payment of this obligation is essential to financial rehabilitation. It will set an example for the debtor early in the bankruptcy process. Further, since the goal of the debtor is to obtain a discharge of debt, this debtor will, at the outset of his case, understand that the failure to meet continuing support obligations will also doom the prospects of discharge at the end of the bankruptcy process. Finally, the creditor will have the option to seek a dismissal of the case during the process if the support debtor ceases to boner payment of on- going support obligations.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.13549
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.17825
VADER
0.898
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
3.1832285225
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
1.0860499926
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1063722535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0232029735
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0056264478
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0042446056
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011247491
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000158974
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001221606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.34927E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.04452E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
58
Sprache Difficult Word Count
49

Jeff Sessions

Under current law only a lien securing unassigned support is exempted from statutory lien avoidance procedures. With the new definition of support in section 211, all support obligations will be excepted from lien avoidance procedures. Not only will this change protect the tax payer when the debt is assigned to the government, it may also benefit the support creditor/parent who assigned the debt if the debt becomes unassigned under the new assignment rules established in the 1996 welfare reform legislation (the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 or PRWORAI. For example, under current bankruptcy law if a support debtor files a Chapter 7 case when his support obligation has been assigned to the government under the Social Security Act, the bankruptcy court may rule that a lien securing this debt impaired the debtor's homestead exemption and then void it. The debtor would then. be free to sell the property. If this property were the only known asset of the debtor, the debt would become uncollectible If tie support creditor then ceased receiving public assistance, that debt, now unassigned world likewise be uncollectible. However, under section 216 of S. 220, the lien would not be removed and the support debt would remain secured and thus collectible.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.31579
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.31579
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.63599
VADER
0.966
Very Positive
Moderation
Self-Harm > Intent
2.9781395569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7100218683
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.4066372067
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.9470939636
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.9110790677
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.6569254678
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.2249140525
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.1443920308
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1300290925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0911959214
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0490104663
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.8
Gunning-Fog Score
16.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
83
Sprache Difficult Word Count
60

Jeff Sessions

Under current bankruptcy law if the debtor pays support during the 90 day period prior to filing a bankruptcy petition, the bankruptcy trustee cannot recover this payment for the benefit of the bankruptcy estate unless the debt is assigned Under section 217 of S. 220 the trustee would not be able to recover any support paid by the support debtor during the preference period This rule significantly benefits the debtor because this debt is not dischargeable and would otherwise remain owing if recovered for the estate
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.06667
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.06667
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.12516
VADER
0.922
Very Positive
Moderation
Hate
0.0284258189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0127610139
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0091823771
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0050841903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0044957909
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001732115
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001158985
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.91446E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
4.10937E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.41819E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.9898E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
20.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26

Jeff Sessions

No more significant statement of public policy has been made concerning the primacy of the payment of support debts than that found in section 212 of S. 220. Here the Code provides child support with the first priority for payment of unsecured claims. This section is divided into two sub-priorities so that distribution within the child support priority will go first to the family of the debtor, then to the government after the family has been paid, if the support has been assigned.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.61904
VADER
0.794
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0559540989
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0109128305
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.008671073
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0017496866
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003935431
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002739486
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002148425
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.70801E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.281E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.2202E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.8745E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.6
Gunning-Fog Score
14.6
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22

Jeff Sessions

When these proposed amendments are considered, it is not difficult to see why support enforcement professionals so strongly endorse them and are so thankful to the sponsors of this legislation for their inclusion. Many of these amendments literally remove bankruptcy as an obstacle to support enforcement, and they do so in a self-executing manner. Consequently, no claims or stay litigation is required to continue the collection of a support debt when an earnings withholding order is feasible; no confirmation litigation is be needed when the debtor is not paying a postpetition preconfirmation support order; and no dismissal or stay relief litigation would be required to insure postpetition support was paid before a discharge could be granted.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.83321
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.12
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.12
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.2318
VADER
0.617
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0555354229
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0134992646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0097689881
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0046976529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0031261479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0024411078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0023615705
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0020691625
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002719576
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001185422
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.8675E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
14
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
48
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40

Jeff Sessions

Avoiding bankruptcy court is important to support creditors and their attorneys. Even when a support creditor is financially able to hire a bankruptcy attorney, litigation of support issues in bankruptcy is likely to eat up large chunks of recoverable support. Most support creditors would be totally lost if required to navigate through the complex set of rules and procedures to seek relief in bankruptcy court without counsel And government support attorneys are generally ill equipped to litigate bankruptcy issues and do not have the luxury of referring the case to bankruptcy specialists. After all, it should be remembered that the law of bankruptcy is a speciality with its own bar, judges, code, rules, procedures and, indeed, its own language.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.21888
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.04
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.04
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.07696
VADER
0.893
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.1468775561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0809512159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0122445053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0085245396
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0040710533
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0039225211
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0038889702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.00351173
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0029302566
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003938439
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001005314
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
43
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37

Jeff Sessions

Some criticism has been raised that bankruptcy reform would be detrimental to women and children because it would pit them against banks and credit card companies for collection of nondischarged credit card debt. Although this argument has some surface logic, no support collection professional that I know believes this concern to be serious. Of course, if support and credit card creditors were playing on a level field, banks with superior resources might have an advantage However, nonbankruptcy law has so tilted the field in favor of support creditors that competition with financial institutions for the collection of post-discharge debts presents no problems for support collectors.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.48955
VADER
0.93
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0131143664
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0092086746
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0069054637
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0044884651
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.00347772
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0029933399
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0009912116
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006494393
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001153368
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.13349E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.06567E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35

Jeff Sessions

In the first place the ubiquitous earnings withholding process for support collection absolutely trumps any financial institution's attempt to collect this debt from the debtor's wages or salary since withholding orders have priority, no matter when issued or served. In most cases if the support collection was 25% or more of the debtor's wages, the Consumer Credit Protection Act would lock out the financial institution from collection of its debt from the debtor's wages. Thus, with respect to creditors of wage earners, there is no conceivable way that the existence of postpetition credit card debt, dischargeable under current law, would adversely affect the collection of support.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.21131
VADER
0.743
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.1073629479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0958051241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0868877571
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0122491765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0047303569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0021169013
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0016661888
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.001044821
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000460723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004563336
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.96517E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
25.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
49
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36

Jeff Sessions

Even when the debtor is not a wage earner, support creditors have numerous and highly significant advantages over other creditors While this list is certainly not exhaustive, support creditors have the following remedies not possessed by other creditors, and certainly not credit card or other financial creditors: (a) support debts are already reduced to judgments and have the advantages of court process to collect judgments; (b) tax intercept collection; (c) interception of unemployment benefits/worker compensation benefits; (d) free or low cost collection services by the government; (e) license revocation for nonpayment of support; (t) free or low cost interstate collection, including interstate wage withholding and interstate real property liens; (g) criminal prosecution or contempt actions; (h) no avoidance of liens securing the support debt; (i) federal collection and prosecution for support debts; (j) denial of passports; (k) collection from otherwise protected sources: ERISA plans, trusts, and federal remuneration
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.63599
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.22581
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.22581
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.44469
VADER
0.841
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0107697553
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0093930772
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0067074012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0055184653
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0026304282
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0012013292
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006798046
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002963416
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002330283
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.68003E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.0946E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
70
Sprache Difficult Word Count
57

Jeff Sessions

To say that these advantageous remedies will necessarily result in the collection of support is not possible. Many support debtors are actually quite skillful evaders of support obligations. These same people will probably be just as adept at avoiding collectors from financial institutions. The point to be made, however, is not that support debts will necessarily be collected after bankruptcy, but that the collection of support debt is in no way hampered simply because credit card debt has survived bankruptcy and financial institutions are going to attempt to collect it.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.30435
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.30435
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.60077
VADER
0.654
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0963433937
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0170349274
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0168917351
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.013872658
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0095681971
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013898724
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0012381256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005426528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004791743
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.07196E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.5649E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.6
Gunning-Fog Score
18.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28

Jeff Sessions

Some have argued that after bankruptcy a support debtor will be inclined to pay credit card debt to retain a credit card and not pay support Of course, this argument assumes that after bankruptcy the debtor wilt find an institution willing to extend credit Even if one did, it seems unlikely that retention of a credit card would be more important than retention of a driver's license, staying out of jail, or keeping a passport.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.125
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.125
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.23639
VADER
0.844
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.3671294544
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0370082184
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0116226161
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0072291899
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0063702239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0022606719
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006374377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005615741
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.39336E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.7371E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.4233E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22

Jeff Sessions

The bottom line as I see it in analyzing S. 220 with respect to its effect on the collection of support is to note that the advantages explicit in the bill far outweigh any speculative concerns that some debtors might not pay support if they are left with credit card debt after bankruptcy What concerns support collection professionals the most in carrying out their duties is not competition with financial institutions outside bankruptcy, but competition with other general creditors, including financial institutions, during bankruptcy. S. 220 readjusts the relative strength of support creditors during the bankruptcy process, giving them meaningful, even crucial, assistance The support provisions of this bill certainly justify the praise given them by virtually all of the national public child support collection organizations in this country. Summary The support amendments contained in Sections 211 through 219 of S. 220 will enhance substantially the enforcement of support obligations against debtors in bankruptcy. The overall effect of these amendments will achieve the following: a reduction in the need to appear in bankruptcy court and the consequential reduction in the cost of litigation; a reduction in the current conflicts in law and policy between the Bankruptcy Code and the federal child support enforcement program, reasonable insurance that significant support enforcement mechanisms will not be interrupted by the bankruptcy process; and a clear recognition of the policy that all generally recognized support debts are entitled to a preferential treatment in bankruptcy.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.45455
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.45455
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.93156
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.17857
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.17857
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.35455
VADER
0.995
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0247899676
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0069029222
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0034334142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0032506043
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012480183
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004710752
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001726191
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
6.56001E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.47947E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.55876E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.55487E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
97
Sprache Difficult Word Count
76

Jeff Sessions

This bill allows the continued operation of an earnings withholding order, thus insuring that the payment of support by wage earners will not be interrupted by bankruptcy. Other federally mandated collection processes would also be exempt.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.20067
VADER
0.535
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2321878681
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.1285685692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0333124655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.02260974
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0107134714
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0070854818
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.005344085
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0023234335
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003297537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.6945E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.1627E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.1
Gunning-Fog Score
17.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Jeff Sessions

The bill prevents a debtor from obtaining confirmation of a bankruptcy plan and a subsequent discharge if that debtor stops payment of support. It provides a comprehensive definition of support and treats such a debt preferentially throughout the code, including giving such a dept the first priority in payment.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.27273
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.27273
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.718
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.1576720853
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0056982532
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0037320715
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0014033804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0008797231
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0007708758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003753977
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003397795
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000262813
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.02326E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.89908E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.5
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22

Jeff Sessions

The support provisions of this bill certainly justify the praise given them by virtually all of the national public child support collection organizations in this country. It streamlines the bankruptcy process for support creditors by removing the need for their participation in it.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95551
VADER
0.893
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0245597446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0211726423
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0081185353
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0080200807
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0033952729
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0026257116
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.000596656
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003941227
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003751962
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001165849
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.83716E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.6
Gunning-Fog Score
18.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18

Jeff Sessions

Mr. Williamson is an attorney in Madison, Wisconsin, and former Chair of the Bankruptcy Review Commission.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Self-Harm > Intent
2.9781395569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7100218683
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.4066372067
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.9470939636
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.9110790677
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.6569254678
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.2249140525
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.1443920308
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1300290925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0911959214
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0490104663
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.5
Gunning-Fog Score
8.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9

Jeff Sessions

Mr. Williamson?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0493266562
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0296525657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.029304577
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0232249309
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0072828007
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0053920307
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0018998257
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005396673
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001236966
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.01754E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.51175E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
7.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
0.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2

Jeff Sessions

STATEMENT OF BRADY C. WILLIAMSON, LAFOLLETT, GODFREY AND KAHN, AND FORMER CHAIR, NATIONAL BANKRUPTCY REVIEW COMMISSION,
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0099046803
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0070825568
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0043124659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0027406852
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0011680832
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0011621686
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000339035
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001469939
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.89088E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.7824E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.1308E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.2
Gunning-Fog Score
5.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
2.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Brady Williamson

Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Among other things, I am an appellate lawyer and I don't make it a practice to disagree with court of appeals judges, at least publicly, but I think it is necessary here, if I might start with a few seconds responding to Judge Becker.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
-0.013
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0785985671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0142854595
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0084065192
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0054895292
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0014551885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006098315
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003338657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001546061
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.91538E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.1116E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.8011E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
69
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
6.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12

Brady Williamson

The National Bankruptcy Review Commission unanimously recommended the elimination of the two-tiered bankruptcy appellate system, and that recommendation is embodied in Section 1215 of the pending legislation. Section 1215 will save time, it will save an extraordinary amount of money in legal fees and costs, and it will improve the development of a law, because right now a bankruptcy court has no precedential influence beyond its own courtroom. A district court has no precedential influence beyond its own courtroom. So we have literally thousands and thousands of bankruptcy appeals that only matter to the parties, that do not help develop the law.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.47957
VADER
0.859
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0195506102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0074047144
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0060112106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0045247631
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0034876335
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0015040061
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0011900893
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001297798
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.86568E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.89892E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.12665E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.9
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33

Brady Williamson

While this provision would have a short-term impact on the caseload in the court of appeals, it would have a salutary impact on the court caseload in the district courts which are dealing everyday with drug cases and major civil litigation. This is a provision in the bill that should be adopted, has been adopted by the Congress, and I can't recommend it more forcefully.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
-0.305
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0320711406
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0275874481
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0158238588
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0071567709
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0054259297
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0025038142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0008784665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001978501
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000195241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.633E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.0013E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.1
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Brady Williamson

Judge Becker did make a point I want to agree with, and that is that an appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals, at least for a practicing lawyer, is a little bit more formidable than an appeal to a district court judge. It does take more time, it does take more effort. Because of that, I think we will see fewer appeals. Litigants in bankruptcy cases will be less likely to appeal directly to the U.S. Court of Appeals than they will be to the district court. The single most important reason for this change is that it will improve the jurisprudential chaos that now rules in the bankruptcy courts.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.41176
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.41176
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.82098
VADER
0.47
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0168311861
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0079601239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0027398433
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001870292
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012608883
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004424111
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003707037
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003393582
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002554764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.58499E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.2951E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
79.5
Gunning-Fog Score
8.2
Coleman-Liau Index
8.8
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.4
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21

Brady Williamson

Now, on a broader point, this will be the fourth time in a hundred years that this Congress has undertaken major bankruptcy legislation -- 1898; 1938, in the wake of the Depression; and, of course, 1978. Yet, this legislation may have a more comprehensive effect, a more dramatic effect on consumer bankruptcies and on business bankruptcies, which is the focus of my testimony this morning, than those previous Congressional efforts to improve the bankruptcy system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.45199
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.36772
VADER
0.119
Leans Positive
Moderation
Hate
0.1246326836
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0680652913
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0586486654
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0385930936
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0058618425
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0055214448
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.00312999
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0020701314
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0012752972
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0005035572
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003278606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Brady Williamson

There is relatively little doubt that bankruptcy legislation will be adopted by both Houses and that it will be signed into law. And it is that likelihood that leads me to urge this committee to review very carefully the changes that are being proposed, not to stop the bill, but to ensure that it reflects economic reality and that it actually accomplishes the goals its proponents espouse.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95551
VADER
0.784
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0079529236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0072635266
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0016289277
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007767597
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004589392
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003294368
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003062577
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002200183
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.72531E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.96323E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.37191E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24

Joe Biden

Brady, have you forgotten about Senator Kennedy?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.226
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0947985216
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0307701412
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0148164036
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.007362054
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0019438767
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0016749367
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0008364303
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005245437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001840627
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.91109E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.38115E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.4
Gunning-Fog Score
8.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
1.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Brady Williamson

I have not forgotten about Senator Kennedy. In fact, I spoke about this very matter with Senator Kennedy in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, not long ago.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.068
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0217137625
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0178612274
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0086752836
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0077082128
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0025656273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0013507311
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004175165
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001918514
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000165634
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.81452E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.7106E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52
Gunning-Fog Score
6.6
Coleman-Liau Index
11.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
2.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6

Joe Biden

I am sure you did.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.318
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0963656232
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0577498926
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0534383056
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0319202663
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0128481319
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0091150541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0073145253
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0011036607
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003436404
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001574893
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.00579E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
2
Coleman-Liau Index
0
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0

Brady Williamson

But it is precisely, Senator Biden, because this legislation may well be headed for enactment that it really requires this committee's careful attention. This legislation is not ready for the floor, and it is not ready for two overarching reasons.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.057
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0688659609
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0619333819
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0468949002
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.015753253
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0155698537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0083932304
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0046499044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0033622371
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0021827003
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008521401
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005902561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11

Brady Williamson

One is the economy is literally changing around us. This morning's Washington Post: "Verizon Lays Off 10,000 People." Saturday's Milwaukee Journal Sentinel: "Record Layoffs Hit State." In December alone, more than 140 businesses in Wisconsin laid off 50 or more employees. That is the fifth highest in the country. Whatever the theoretical economists may tell us about what is happening in the economy, these layoffs are a harsh financial reality for American families, and for many they will be a disaster.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.8473
VADER
-0.84
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0392428803
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0221625683
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.002713552
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0025343594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010888313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000570916
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004650513
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004022745
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.26476E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.12321E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.5595E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29

Brady Williamson

But there is also grave concern about the effect of the economy and this legislation on small business layoffs and the small business bankruptcies that may follow. We all know about the major bankruptcies that have occurred just in the last 30 days -- a major airline. Health care insolvencies are increasing rapidly. In Senator Feinstein's State, we have had utilities threaten to file for bankruptcy.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0986026949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0472564483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0266092975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0149153158
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0087371423
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0062331841
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0016590255
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0011994975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004129121
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.9575E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.3551E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
56.3
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21

Brady Williamson

All of this makes a critical point. The legislation about which Senator Hatch spoke at the outset, how it passed the Congress in 1998 and last session, that happened at a time when we were hitting our economic prosperity. But times have changed, and that requires this committee to look more carefully, as President Bush suggested, at this legislation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95551
VADER
0.194
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0093554161
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0090622292
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0062541723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013664835
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007996407
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004507928
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002856036
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001688626
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.71404E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.1347E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.93E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.3
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19

Brady Williamson

Let me focus very quickly, Mr. Chairman, since I began with --
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0064762804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0061030791
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0024558558
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0019815767
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005891083
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003996151
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002841929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001679968
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.91152E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.301E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.0214E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
78.2
Gunning-Fog Score
2.2
Coleman-Liau Index
8.8
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.6
Sprache Readability Score
1.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Jeff Sessions

This is not the court of appeals. You don't disappear into a pit if you go over the light, but we do try to follow the light as much as possible.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.034
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0305605208
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0153534143
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0018751891
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0013315758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005924844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002736967
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001698148
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001159545
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.20514E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.39266E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.1132E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
84.7
Gunning-Fog Score
8.8
Coleman-Liau Index
5.3
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
3.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
1.8
Sprache Readability Score
2.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4

Brady Williamson

Thank you. They do tell the story about the Chief Justice of the United States cutting off a lawyer in the middle of the word "is" when his time was up.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.802
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.9851145558
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0816435786
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0278207561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0234690538
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0131741137
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0122184138
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006743214
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003615702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002699315
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001390246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.8212E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
81.9
Gunning-Fog Score
7.5
Coleman-Liau Index
6.6
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
1.8
Sprache Readability Score
2.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5

Joe Biden

Wasn't there another guy who had trouble with that word?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
-0.402
Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0405690778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0046804638
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0043104388
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0033838463
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0033672684
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0016701964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0007630599
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000578348
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004975605
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003600393
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001266464
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
86.7
Gunning-Fog Score
8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.7
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.5
Sprache Readability Score
2.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3

Note

[Laughter.]
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0438537332
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0161127522
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0111432797
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0030096066
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0020173067
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017632176