Fact
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.
se
S. Hrg. 109-94 - The Lifting of the Eu Arms Embargo on China
5 Topics
Entities
Moderation
7 Speakers
Topics
Entities
No entities found
Moderation
No moderation found
Speakers
Dr Grimmett Dr Grimmett said 735 sentences of a total of 1577 sentences.
47%
Dr Grimmett said 15568 words of a total of 32965 words.
48%
Joe Gill Joe Gill said 254 sentences of a total of 1577 sentences.
17%
Joe Gill said 6901 words of a total of 32965 words.
21%
Peter Brookes Peter Brookes said 202 sentences of a total of 1577 sentences.
13%
Peter Brookes said 4103 words of a total of 32965 words.
13%
Joe Biden Joe Biden said 136 sentences of a total of 1577 sentences.
9%
Joe Biden said 2619 words of a total of 32965 words.
8%
Richard Lugar Richard Lugar said 169 sentences of a total of 1577 sentences.
11%
Richard Lugar said 2437 words of a total of 32965 words.
8%
George Allen George Allen said 63 sentences of a total of 1577 sentences.
4%
George Allen said 1142 words of a total of 32965 words.
4%
RICHARD G LUGAR US RICHARD G LUGAR US said 5 sentences of a total of 1577 sentences.
1%
RICHARD G LUGAR US said 12 words of a total of 32965 words.
1%
Full Transcript
RICHARD G LUGAR US
OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. RICHARD G. LUGAR U.S. SENATOR FROM INDIANA
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0136572067
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0032594446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0010122912
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0008578126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0008397127
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002852671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001744492
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.31576E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.32847E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.3966E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.885E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.3
Gunning-Fog Score
4.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
7.7
Automated Readability Index
1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.3
Sprache Readability Score
1.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Richard Lugar
This hearing of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee is called to order.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0364100328
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0094102812
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0021563954
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0018160152
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012535087
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0009999989
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003655857
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003635167
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.29382E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.23493E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.4454E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Social Issue > Demographics > Immigration
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.16
Code:
14003002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14003002
Wikidata_id:
Q131288
Wikidata_label:
immigration
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
93
Magnitude:
0.148
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Trials
Score:
88
Magnitude:
0.141
Code:
2008000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02008000
Wikidata_id:
Q8016240
Wikidata_label:
trial
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Family
Score:
75
Magnitude:
0.12
Code:
14006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14006000
Wikidata_id:
Q8436
Wikidata_label:
family
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Parliament > Upper House
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.087
Code:
11009001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009001
Wikidata_id:
Q637846
Wikidata_label:
upper house
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.7
Gunning-Fog Score
4.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
8.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
2.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Richard Lugar
The Senate Foreign Relations Committee meets today to examine the European Union's arms embargo against the People's Republic of China. This embargo was imposed, along with a similar one by the United States, in 1989 in response to the brutal crackdown on peaceful demonstration in Beijing's Tiananmen Square. But now European officials have indicated that the EU plans to lift its embargo.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
0.25
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0048938411
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0029548246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0027973572
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0014937412
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003626113
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001452236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
4.36411E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.53968E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.3601E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.6559E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.3117E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.206
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
89
Magnitude:
0.183
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Demographics > Immigration
Score:
62
Magnitude:
0.128
Code:
14003002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14003002
Wikidata_id:
Q131288
Wikidata_label:
immigration
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.115
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.8
Gunning-Fog Score
14.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Richard Lugar
As I have noted before, this is a mistake. President Bush, on his recent European trip, has personally expressed his "deep concern" about these plans. Republicans and Democrats in Congress share this view. Rarely have Congress and the President, Republicans and Democrats, been so united against a proposal made by our European friends.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.60944
VADER
0.649
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0145923215
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.012255217
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0057234349
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.00542159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0042207386
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006708218
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001958022
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001830727
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001567911
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001026368
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.76159E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.295
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
56.1
Gunning-Fog Score
8.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.8
Automated Readability Index
9.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
3.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Richard Lugar
I have long championed strong ties with our European allies, and I also favor appropriate engagement with China. But the United States national security interests could be harmed if the European Union countries sell sophisticated weapons and technology at this time to China.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.933
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2495851601
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0428618223
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0214888132
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0208352576
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0176099682
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0063709282
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005551777
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005208475
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003012687
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002287527
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.67997E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Social Issue > Family > Courtship
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.374
Code:
14006006
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14006006
Wikidata_id:
Q376596
Wikidata_label:
courtship
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
70
Magnitude:
0.26
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Richard Lugar
Our first concern must be stopping the proliferation of weapons technology. China has sold weapons and associated technology to rogue states in the past. China's military is aggressively seeking more advanced weaponry and electronics for its ongoing modernization. Europe will have little practical control over where that key technology may end up.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
-0.823
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.133862684
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0923978281
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0186681238
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0181427589
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0099859055
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017797907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.001540083
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003424761
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.72419E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.08461E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.37294E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.224
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.6
Gunning-Fog Score
13.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Richard Lugar
During the past year alone, the United States has imposed sanctions on 23 Chinese individuals and companies for violating American proliferation laws. These violations have included the transfer to Iran of technology related to missiles and chemical and biological weapons. China also has helped Pakistan's nuclear program and passed on military technology to North Korea and the repressive junta in Burma.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.25131
VADER
-0.893
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0827549375
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0271536963
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0059788519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0052294439
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017325528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0015296117
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0011125321
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008861538
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005030964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002875091
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001654922
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Nuclear Policy
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.463
Code:
11020000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11020000
Wikidata_id:
Q757637
Wikidata_label:
nuclear policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.436
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
17
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Richard Lugar
President Bush highlighted another problem in his talks with Europeans. Namely, lifting the embargo would "change the balance of relations between China and Taiwan." Tensions across the Taiwan Strait have just been made worse by Beijing's ill-advised passage of the so-called "Anti-Secession Law." This law lists a series of events that could trigger an attack on Taiwan by China. In light of such potentially destabilizing action, this is no time to be taking steps that might either help China achieve a decisive military advantage over Taiwan or send the wrong political signal.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.95551
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.26826
VADER
-0.844
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
1.4490187168
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1307040569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.036563602
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0160012598
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0056307792
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0027554552
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002983197
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.82256E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.77081E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.22263E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.22203E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.151
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
98
Magnitude:
0.147
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
86
Magnitude:
0.129
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
79
Magnitude:
0.119
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.6
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Richard Lugar
I favor engaging China in ways that open China's markets to agricultural and other goods, help China assume a responsible place in world affairs and in the region, aid the fight against terrorism, improve the lives of its people, and promote religious freedom and democracy. Lifting the arms embargo advances none of these goals. In fact, lifting the embargo would send the wrong signal in the area of human rights.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.18958
VADER
0.818
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.6224843208
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0083190367
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0068110581
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0060287199
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0030769112
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008152589
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001161222
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.56452E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.81529E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.44974E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.85325E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.795
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Richard Lugar
Despite strides in other areas, China still holds political and religious prisoners, avoids meaningful dialog with the Dalai Lama over Tibet, and has no engagement whatever with domestic pro-democracy forces. Lifting the arms curbs would be viewed as a reward for this intransigence.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.61904
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0437210838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0177810216
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0146315855
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0095331874
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.003850205
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0037686405
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002288369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001912987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.4521E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.9644E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.7509E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Social Issue > Family > Courtship
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.098
Code:
14006006
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14006006
Wikidata_id:
Q376596
Wikidata_label:
courtship
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General) > Political Systems
Score:
71
Magnitude:
0.069
Code:
11024001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024001
Wikidata_id:
Q28108
Wikidata_label:
political system
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
65
Magnitude:
0.063
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.055
Code:
14000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14000000
Wikidata_id:
Q8425
Wikidata_label:
society
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.8
Gunning-Fog Score
17.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Richard Lugar
Ending the arms ban would do little to improve European Union-China ties, which have been developing despite the embargo. The main beneficiaries would be European defense companies.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.323
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2650703536
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0519870664
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.019391987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0126256113
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0070637179
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0042000687
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006624612
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000241085
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002095493
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001629516
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.65949E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.192
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
59
Magnitude:
0.113
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Richard Lugar
There are also reports that Europe expects to be rewarded for lifting the ban by getting more orders for Airbus airplanes. If so, the United States would be doubly harmed by losing sales of American-produced aircraft.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.727
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0777729438
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.003660423
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0022773202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0020163798
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0019297431
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012532302
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001754755
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.41087E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.72951E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.89579E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.15556E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57.7
Gunning-Fog Score
8.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.3
Automated Readability Index
10.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Richard Lugar
Europeans claim that lifting the embargo will not result in more or better weapons being sold to China. They say they have a Code of Conduct on Arms Exports that will limit the impact. However, the current embargo already has proven to be ineffective. In 2003, China received from Europeans export licenses for 550 million dollars' worth of military or sensitive dual-use goods. The Code of Conduct is only voluntary. The Europeans promised President Bush to strengthen the code to meet his concerns. The President is skeptical, and so am I.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.95551
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
0.438
Positive
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.0517866923
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0183466618
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0150230248
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0088334753
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.007714743
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0030218895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0014354659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0010498569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000610744
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0005938494
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.42279E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.239
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
99
Magnitude:
0.236
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
76
Magnitude:
0.182
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.2
Gunning-Fog Score
10.5
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
11.6
Automated Readability Index
7.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Richard Lugar
The Europeans' decision is expected in June. I would urge the administration to keep working to dissuade the Europeans from this course.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0279154221
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0153430519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0054906337
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0044089938
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0010931752
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007091508
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006777778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0005789401
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.41568E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.41986E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.08497E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.5
Gunning-Fog Score
11.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
2.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Richard Lugar
In addition, we should make certain that Beijing cannot circumvent our arms embargo by buying American technology from Europe. The administration should press for binding agreements with each EU member explicitly banning the retransfer to China of any United States technology or weapons that are on the United States munitions list. If the countries fail to agree, or if the quantity or quality of arms flowing to China from Europe rises markedly, we should reassess sales to Europe of our most critical military technology.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.70805
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
0.326
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0205184653
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0090377202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0069481015
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0069217014
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0046783574
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004101312
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003780628
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001899296
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.06065E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.2417E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.814E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.31
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.4
Gunning-Fog Score
18.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Richard Lugar
To help us estimate the likelihood that the European Union will lift the embargo and to examine the implications if it does, we are joined by a panel of distinguished experts. Mr. Peter Brookes is a Senior Fellow for National Security Affairs and Director of the Asian Studies Center at the Heritage Foundation. Dr. Bates Gill is holder of the Freeman Chair in China Studies at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Dr. Richard Grimmett is a National Defense Specialist at the Congressional Research Service.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.16705
VADER
0.807
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0057322181
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0046375539
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013727974
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0009435877
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001076337
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
6.38447E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.08484E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.79545E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.48455E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.27318E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.397E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Health > Medical Research
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.289
Code:
7005000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/07005000
Wikidata_id:
Q2752427
Wikidata_label:
medical research
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Monument and Heritage Site
Score:
76
Magnitude:
0.22
Code:
1018000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01018000
Wikidata_id:
Q914856
Wikidata_label:
historic preservation
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.8
Gunning-Fog Score
7.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
39
Richard Lugar
We thank our witnesses for joining us. We look forward to their insights.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0359380501
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0168834726
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0045568679
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0039889659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017888911
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008133702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005641377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002092986
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.61628E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.93273E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.7163E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
89.6
Gunning-Fog Score
2.6
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
3.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4
Richard Lugar
First of all, I would like to recognize the distinguished ranking member of the committee, Senator Biden.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0594786834
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0037978385
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0021940597
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0018062514
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004493531
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0002391019
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001826089
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.82654E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.81113E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.575E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3359E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.106
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.3
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
3.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Joe Biden
Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman, and thank you for holding this hearing. We have three distinguished witnesses. I will try to be brief so we can get right to their testimony.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.612
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.3841284895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0239750632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0138641946
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0029701339
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0011683094
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003664758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.4864E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.71004E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.5596E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.02474E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.0487E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Prosecution > Witness
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.125
Code:
2009002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02009002
Wikidata_id:
Q196939
Wikidata_label:
witness
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.069
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
85
Gunning-Fog Score
5.7
Coleman-Liau Index
9.7
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.9
Sprache Readability Score
2.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Joe Biden
China's defense buildup has already sparked concern among its neighbors and lifting the EU arms embargo raises a specter of more advanced European arms and technology; or, for that matter, even United States technology that is sold to EU countries being transferred to a China that has just put into its law its willingness to use force in Taiwan, their own policy of preemption.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
0.776
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0679172634
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.064058404
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0278614461
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0168552273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0069336718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0029878809
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012838722
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.04114E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.44899E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.86183E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.26066E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.233
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Science and Technology > Technology (General)
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.121
Code:
13010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13010000
Wikidata_id:
Q11016
Wikidata_label:
technology
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
5.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Joe Biden
Now, a European Union delegation has been visiting congressional leaders to assure us that lifting the arms embargo will not harm United States security interests in Asia, partly because the EU will also toughen its nonbinding Code of Conduct in arms transfers and partly because the arms embargo already has plenty of loopholes. At least, they are the two rationales they offer.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.727
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0741285097
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.04901418
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0187120895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0050116618
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0035715191
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0034959019
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009071654
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001001693
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.40314E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.53849E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.90725E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.329
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.172
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.7
Gunning-Fog Score
18.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Joe Biden
But maintaining its arms embargo and strengthening the EU Code of Conduct are not, and should not be, mutually exclusive. Both, in my view, should be done. Senator Gordon Smith and I introduced a resolution, now before the Senate, calling on the EU to do just that, that is, to maintain the embargo and to strengthen the EU Code of Conduct.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.655
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0358991849
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0234105246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0016366868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013926096
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0012458837
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0001809319
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001738465
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001439844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.459E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7478E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.755E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.137
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
78
Magnitude:
0.107
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
62.8
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
10.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Joe Biden
Another reason not to lift the embargo, is that such an action will send an unwise signal to the human rights community in China and in all of Asia that they no longer matter to the great mercantile states of Europe.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
0.459
Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0471879612
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0196072317
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.011166661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0045700581
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0030753239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0013860472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004149186
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.15896E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.80017E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.88203E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.353E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
9.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Joe Biden
And China, as we know, obviously lets politics dictate major commercial sales. So the European firms like Airbus, Allianz insurance, and Siemens may be rewarded if the EU lifts the embargo, at the expense of United States competitors like Boeing, AIG, and Motorola. German officials have actually publicly said that this nondefense trade is the real reason for lifting the embargo, and they said that just last week on National Public Radio.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.63599
VADER
0.875
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0163353907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0089289031
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.006448666
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0035401594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0008012544
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001328696
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001166551
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.97863E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.12246E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.1981E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.072E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Trade Policy
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.275
Code:
4008033
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008033
Wikidata_id:
Q572564
Wikidata_label:
commercial policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Financial and Business Service > Insurance
Score:
59
Magnitude:
0.163
Code:
4006006
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04006006
Wikidata_id:
Q43183
Wikidata_label:
insurance
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.3
Gunning-Fog Score
16.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Joe Biden
Mr. Chairman, that is not a China policy. It is a China problem. Rather, it is more a symptom of the estrangement and the economic competitiveness that exists between the United States and Europe under this administration. We need to reach out, it seems to me, to the EU and articulate our concerns and consult with our allies on a full range of ancient policy issues. If we end up not being able to stop the lifting of the EU embargo, which I am beginning to be doubtful about, Europe, in turn, has to toughen its Code of Conduct on all arms sales and should agree to consult with us on any sales to China. I think we could get agreement at a minimum to do that.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.28571
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.28571
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.54654
VADER
0.34
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0380079815
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0254881219
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0091585396
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0064676271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0044453736
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0021002676
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001991703
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013514604
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0008046052
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006753878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001278853
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Economy (General) > Economic Policy
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.43
Code:
4017001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04017001
Wikidata_id:
Q582577
Wikidata_label:
economic policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
65.8
Gunning-Fog Score
10.7
Coleman-Liau Index
8.4
SMOG Index
10.7
Automated Readability Index
7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Joe Biden
The EU, in my view, is acting -- how can I say this tactfully? Well, I really probably cannot say it tactfully. But I think that this is a very, very dangerous decision, and particularly coming at a moment when this administration has reached out to try to begin to mend our frayed relationships with our European allies. I think, the administration -- my judgment, not the administration's -- has come to realize that it is overwhelmingly in our interest to have a coherent policy agreement with Europe and our European allies on major foreign policy questions, and is trying to do that and reconcile our differences. Here, in the midst of this effort on a good trip by the President and a preceding trip by Dr. Rice, Europe's lifting of its arms embargo could do significant damage.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.22222
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.22222
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.42744
VADER
0.451
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.4534753505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.3257022472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.2156298142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0197951362
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0109127781
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0075037176
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0030789659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005330759
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002241161
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.28151E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.78656E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.139
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
96
Magnitude:
0.134
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy > International Relations
Score:
95
Magnitude:
0.133
Code:
11002002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002002
Wikidata_id:
Q166542
Wikidata_label:
international relations
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > War
Score:
76
Magnitude:
0.106
Code:
16009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16009000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Lifestyle and Leisure > Tourism
Score:
75
Magnitude:
0.104
Code:
10006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10006000
Wikidata_id:
Q49389
Wikidata_label:
tourism
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics
Score:
60
Magnitude:
0.084
Code:
11000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000
Wikidata_id:
Q7163
Wikidata_label:
politics
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Tourism and Leisure
Score:
57
Magnitude:
0.079
Code:
4014000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04014000
Wikidata_id:
Q61054412
Wikidata_label:
gambling industry
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Family > Courtship
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.078
Code:
14006006
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14006006
Wikidata_id:
Q376596
Wikidata_label:
courtship
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.076
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.4
Gunning-Fog Score
16.1
Coleman-Liau Index
11.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
43
Joe Biden
To be very blunt with you, Mr. Chairman, I am a little concerned about what some of our colleagues here might do. I am very concerned about the kind of legislation that this would potentially generate and how it may very well begin to poison the well again in the transatlantic relationship. Words matter. And one of the things that has been done of late, is that both the European capitals and our capital have toned down the rhetoric in referencing one another. That is a very necessary and important thing. I am worried this may spark renewed rhetoric.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.63599
VADER
-0.011
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0808298064
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0374235242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0264349481
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0063899723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0057223981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0037209516
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005970573
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.9307E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.60039E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.59533E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.55803E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
64.3
Gunning-Fog Score
11.7
Coleman-Liau Index
10.8
SMOG Index
11.9
Automated Readability Index
6.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.9
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Joe Biden
Mr. Chairman, rather than go through the rest of my statement, let me suggest that, at a minimum, the Europeans should fundamentally strengthen their Code of Conduct and make it an EU common position. I am not at all assured by the fact that each country individually will make separate judgments on that. I think the EU could dramatically improve internal transparency through better reporting of actual sales (not just licenses and common categories of exports), more information on details, and no-undercut policies. I think it could establish better end-use certification and monitoring. It could penalize any diversion of European dual-use exports by halting further sales by any EU members, and so on.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.63599
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.88707
VADER
0.861
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
4.665485397
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.6471465342
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.2585720271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0893956108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0203473159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0088529887
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.008149632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0026263775
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006633494
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003069755
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001879031
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Interior Policy
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.151
Code:
11016000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11016000
Wikidata_id:
Q1573035
Wikidata_label:
domestic policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.082
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.081
Code:
4000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04000000
Wikidata_id:
Q159810
Wikidata_label:
economy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.078
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.5
Gunning-Fog Score
14.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
40
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
Joe Biden
But rather than go through the rest of what I have to say here, I am anxious to hear what our witnesses have to say. I hope we can reach a common position with our European friends on this. I am not at all that hopeful, but I would suggest that it is very, very important that we try.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.773
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0639611913
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0531161495
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0105576961
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0085569052
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0036663554
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0029671131
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.001663006
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0009310928
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002037479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001361788
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.36467E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.076
Code:
11000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000
Wikidata_id:
Q7163
Wikidata_label:
politics
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue
Score:
88
Magnitude:
0.066
Code:
14000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14000000
Wikidata_id:
Q8425
Wikidata_label:
society
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Human Interest > People > Celebrity
Score:
75
Magnitude:
0.057
Code:
8003002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/08003002
Wikidata_id:
Q211236
Wikidata_label:
celebrity
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > People
Score:
74
Magnitude:
0.056
Code:
14024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14024000
Wikidata_id:
Q1156970
Wikidata_label:
humanity
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Sport > Soccer
Score:
72
Magnitude:
0.055
Code:
15054000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15054000
Wikidata_id:
Q2736
Wikidata_label:
association football
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
80.8
Gunning-Fog Score
9.9
Coleman-Liau Index
6.1
SMOG Index
9.9
Automated Readability Index
6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.6
Sprache Readability Score
3.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Joe Biden
I yield the floor, Mr. Chairman.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.6072601303
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1703889342
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0470532541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0303143286
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0097313139
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0063202184
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0012166124
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0011487705
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.49322E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.38452E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.8771E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
1.2
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3
Richard Lugar
Thank you very much, Senator Biden.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.322000403
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0133695226
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0063796273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0046692472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018973344
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005443046
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003910008
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002564944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.72713E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.67303E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.9383E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.114
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.7
Gunning-Fog Score
2.4
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
3.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
1.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
Richard Lugar
I will ask the witnesses to testify in the order that I introduced you in my opening statement. That would be, first of all, Mr. Brookes, then Dr. Gill, and then Dr. Grimmett. All of your statements will be placed in the record in full, so you need not ask for permission to do that. To the extent that you can summarize the statements to fit within perhaps a pattern of about 10 minutes, the chair and the ranking member will be liberal in that interpretation. We have come to hear you, not to limit you.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.4774114117
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0579845742
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0176598915
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0065315042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0051241961
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0030444195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001545944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001422267
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001117348
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001099968
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.39345E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Prosecution > Witness
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.074
Code:
2009002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02009002
Wikidata_id:
Q196939
Wikidata_label:
witness
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Sport > Soccer
Score:
77
Magnitude:
0.057
Code:
15054000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15054000
Wikidata_id:
Q2736
Wikidata_label:
association football
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
81.9
Gunning-Fog Score
7.7
Coleman-Liau Index
8.3
SMOG Index
8.6
Automated Readability Index
3.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Richard Lugar
But we have a distressing factor of four rollcall votes coming in a series, at some point during the coming hour. That is going to be disruptive, but I suspect that if we proceed in this way, you will all be heard, and that is important. Then we will have opportunities to ask as many questions as time may permit at that point.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.16705
VADER
0.077
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0092263508
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0066227425
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018266102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0015321444
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000734647
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002931202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001057535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.27308E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.122E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.5432E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.4174E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
71.4
Gunning-Fog Score
11.6
Coleman-Liau Index
8.4
SMOG Index
10.6
Automated Readability Index
8.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Joe Biden
And if you saw how we are voting, you would really be distressed. [Laughter.]
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
-0.473
Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.568457786
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0602051383
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0308532122
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0068430243
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0060526076
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0016310634
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0007459206
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003116381
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.30469E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.85951E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.9948E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
89.5
Gunning-Fog Score
8.3
Coleman-Liau Index
7.3
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
3.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.1
Sprache Readability Score
2.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3
Richard Lugar
Easy there. [Laughter.]
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.44
Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.258327066
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1347559155
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0258397107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0129289998
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0041415693
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.003912528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002971467
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.93315E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.2293E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.1056E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.6145E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
77.9
Gunning-Fog Score
0.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
0.1
Sprache Readability Score
0.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
0
Sprache Difficult Word Count
0
Richard Lugar
Mr. Brookes.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.1502950909
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0333915465
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0191222425
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0109104796
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0103668193
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0068844762
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0014489627
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.15228E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.09697E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.96747E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.44105E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
10.4
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
0.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
Richard Lugar
STATEMENT OF PETER BROOKES, SENIOR FELLOW FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS AND DIRECTOR, ASIAN STUDIES CENTER, THE HERITAGE
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.34
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Harassment
1.3841891661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.2673070878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1847730135
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0483436452
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0160950469
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0046382884
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0018828316
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.86734E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.31736E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.06188E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.87764E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Monument and Heritage Site
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.199
Code:
1018000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01018000
Wikidata_id:
Q914856
Wikidata_label:
historic preservation
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
15.4
Gunning-Fog Score
6.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Peter Brookes
Thank you, Mr. Chairman, Senator Biden. It is an honor and a privilege to appear before you today to discuss the European Union's pending decision to lift its arms embargo against China.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.802
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.0132115281
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0131922803
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0072334034
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0058426271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0035218985
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006843984
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006396739
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.73096E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.7567E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.245E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.2318E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.143
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
63
Magnitude:
0.09
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.2
Gunning-Fog Score
8
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
5.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Peter Brookes
I want to commend you for holding this very timely hearing as there are many questions being asked on both sides of the Atlantic, as well as in Asia, that this question should be addressed in a prestigious open forum such as this.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.649
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.218486716
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0986297149
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0533006794
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0056171786
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0042513831
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0025117064
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0020390917
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.8011E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.20342E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.8605E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.6141E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
9.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Peter Brookes
I am testifying here today as an individual and my views do not necessarily reflect the views of my employer, the Heritage Foundation. I have submitted my testimony for the record, which covers my perceptions of American concerns, as well as European and Chinese motivations regarding lifting the arms embargo. But, in addition, I would like to quickly emphasize several general points and conclusions in my testimony and then make a very few short, tailored remarks as well.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.335
VADER
0.691
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
1.1457534507
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0990685308
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0362341758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0353201991
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0087295397
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0053634754
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0021505221
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0016439655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0013394671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005151281
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000418379
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.08
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
87
Magnitude:
0.07
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Prosecution > Witness
Score:
71
Magnitude:
0.057
Code:
2009002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02009002
Wikidata_id:
Q196939
Wikidata_label:
witness
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.8
Gunning-Fog Score
18.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Peter Brookes
First, in my view lifting the EU arms embargo is a mistake. It will endanger United States interests and that of American allies in Asia. It will accelerate China's military buildup, undermine stability in the Pacific, especially across the Taiwan Strait, reduce leverage for guiding future Chinese behavior on human rights and security matters, send the wrong signals to repressive regimes everywhere about human rights, and not help close the existing transatlantic divide.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.47957
VADER
-0.51
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0083721432
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0067224435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0051238982
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0024113164
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0020666521
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.001445752
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004795455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003918844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.57147E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.07189E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.236E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.5
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Peter Brookes
Next, let me say a few words about Chinese military modernization. Northeast Asia regional security dynamics are increasingly revolving around China. China's military potential continues to grow and is inexorably shifting the balance of power in the region. There are concerns across the region about China's strategic ambitions. China now has the largest defense budget in East Asia, the second largest in the world, behind the United States, but ahead of Japan. China has experienced double-digit defense budget growth for 14 years now, and the PLA is getting a 12-percent increase this year, including an additional 7-percent increase for procurement. Some see these growth figures as conservative.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.63599
VADER
0.951
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2165009966
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0528694538
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0322454638
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0073340816
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0040790197
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0037856746
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0013783847
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008797424
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002777245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.34713E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.6266E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.14
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
44
Sprache Difficult Word Count
42
Peter Brookes
Of most concern, the balance of power is shifting across the Taiwan Strait in Beijing's favor. Considering the American obligations under the 1979 Taiwan Relations Act, this is cause for concern. Within the next few years, China will have a qualitative and quantitative military advantage over Taiwan, and some would argue that this has already happened. Members of the committee are certainly aware of the missile buildup in China across from Taiwan. China's ballistic missile buildup not only threatens Taiwan but American forces and Japan as well.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.20067
VADER
0.641
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0104620165
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.007731402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013084512
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009956054
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006829646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.000289274
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002868619
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001115297
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.5941E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.9664E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.6076E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Missile Systems
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.066
Code:
11001008
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001008
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.3
Gunning-Fog Score
11.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Peter Brookes
The Japanese have also taken notice, adjusting their defense posture south during their most recent defense review and noting their concern over stability in the Taiwan Strait for the first time in their most recent defense white paper.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
0.469
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0777096837
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0435585505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0140258591
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0110365167
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0061385908
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0028851478
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0017953547
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002701646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001705819
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.33122E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.756E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
25.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Peter Brookes
China plans to develop a military which can deter, delay, or deny American intervention in the Pacific, especially over the issue of Taiwan. That day is not here yet, but one cannot underestimate the possibility of misperception or miscalculation by the Chinese over the issue of Taiwan.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.94591
VADER
-0.208
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0122473313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0063454318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0055850029
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.004728539
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013495517
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001949661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001853622
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.59963E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.17879E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.4187E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.801E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.085
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics
Score:
70
Magnitude:
0.059
Code:
11000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000
Wikidata_id:
Q7163
Wikidata_label:
politics
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
21
Gunning-Fog Score
16.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Peter Brookes
To this end, Chinese military modernization priorities center around power projection capabilities: Submarines, surface combatants, tactical air power and air defense, ballistic and cruise missiles, overhead satellites and space programs, information warfare, psychological operations, as well as doctrinal improvements for fostering joint military operations based on their observation of such things as Operation Iraqi Freedom.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.43508
VADER
0.785
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0086444721
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0013519644
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008696964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0007404088
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006872959
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.71034E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.0426E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
5.2075E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
2.76139E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.13508E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.455E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Science and Technology > Space Programme
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.218
Code:
13008000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13008000
Wikidata_id:
Q180046
Wikidata_label:
space exploration
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.205
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Missile Systems
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.115
Code:
11001008
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001008
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Peter Brookes
Let me say a few words about technology flows. In the short term, China will attempt to procure force multiplier technologies and capabilities to fill in gaps in their military performance. For example, C4ISR, command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance technology including sensor to shoot technology, cooperative target engagement technology for improving fighting efficiency effectiveness, and situational awareness.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.74721
VADER
0.758
Very Positive
Moderation
Hate
0.2817308297
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.2743265592
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0653986295
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0314307574
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0313782715
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0067023502
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0049021692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001999482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.0904E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.739E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.404E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Science and Technology > Technology (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.165
Code:
13010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13010000
Wikidata_id:
Q11016
Wikidata_label:
technology
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
68
Magnitude:
0.113
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Family > Courtship
Score:
67
Magnitude:
0.11
Code:
14006006
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14006006
Wikidata_id:
Q376596
Wikidata_label:
courtship
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Computing and Information Technology > Hardware
Score:
57
Magnitude:
0.095
Code:
4003001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04003001
Wikidata_id:
Q11351
Wikidata_label:
organic chemistry
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Peter Brookes
Other technologies and capabilities of interest include air-to-air refueling, amphibious warfare, naval underwater replenishment, jet turbo fan engines, electronic countermeasures, airborne early warning, and composite materials of the stealth technology. China is interested in everything a modern military such as the United States has.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
1.0124742053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1777254161
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.059971161
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0312867778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0235202431
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0070685899
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0016847634
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006844356
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001186433
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.54521E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.10272E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Peter Brookes
Additionally, Russia, which has concerns about China despite its arms sales relationship, might be driven to sell additional, more lethal, more sophisticated arms to China if Russia is placed in competition with Europe.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.51083
VADER
0.632
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.7688924205
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1424119691
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0425091159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0267130847
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0088737885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0040445688
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0027136763
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007143351
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.60642E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.96891E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.28336E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.197
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.6
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Peter Brookes
In the long term, China will attempt to reduce their dependence on foreign sources of quality equipment, technology, and expertise by strengthening its own military industrial complex through research, development, joint ventures, technology transfers, and even economic espionage.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.494
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2914368175
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0491066836
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0348098489
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0116505456
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0090612433
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0079172998
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0008492067
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002934102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.27176E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.58791E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.85752E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Science and Technology > Technology (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.175
Code:
13010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13010000
Wikidata_id:
Q11016
Wikidata_label:
technology
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
93
Magnitude:
0.162
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Espionage and Intelligence
Score:
90
Magnitude:
0.158
Code:
11004000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11004000
Wikidata_id:
Q165950
Wikidata_label:
espionage
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Company Information > Research and Development
Score:
81
Magnitude:
0.141
Code:
4016037
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04016037
Wikidata_id:
Q276099
Wikidata_label:
research and development
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
76
Magnitude:
0.133
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Science and Technology > Research
Score:
64
Magnitude:
0.112
Code:
13006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13006000
Wikidata_id:
Q42240
Wikidata_label:
research
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Demographics > Immigration
Score:
62
Magnitude:
0.109
Code:
14003002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14003002
Wikidata_id:
Q131288
Wikidata_label:
immigration
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Economy (General)
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.091
Code:
4017000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04017000
Wikidata_id:
Q159810
Wikidata_label:
economy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Peter Brookes
Europe, if it lifts the arms embargo, will be an important market for procuring these capabilities and can hinder or accelerate China's progress in these areas based on their future policy decisions.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.557
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
1.4204112813
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.3315292299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.1881638658
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0592469936
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0445584854
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0249236793
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0050886196
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0021993388
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001986557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.18914E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.09834E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.182
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Peter Brookes
A few words on the Code of Conduct. I am worried about a new voluntary EU Code of Conduct that may not stem the flow of military useful technology or equipment to China. An improved Code of Conduct is a step in the right direction, and the toolbox directed at China specifically is also positive. But I am still concerned that some nations will still conduct military sales or dual-use technology transfers to China in order to enhance commercial relations. The Chinese are sure to apply as much political and commercial pressure as possible to get the military equipment and technology they need for their military industrial complex.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.64663
VADER
0.818
Very Positive
Moderation
Hate
0.031038106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0247658492
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.016774307
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0074514792
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0026379996
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.002623997
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004289832
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.78416E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.0844E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.198E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.271E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.589
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
86
Magnitude:
0.509
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.7
Gunning-Fog Score
16.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Peter Brookes
Lastly, we also have to be cognizant, as you mentioned, Mr. Chairman, of what flows into China from Europe may flow out as well to Iran, North Korea, and others with whom China has a security relationship.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.542
Very Positive
Moderation
Hate
0.2691853791
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1036810922
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0633094052
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0138406045
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0128732718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0112282374
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0057164147
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.004311018
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.00803E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.13474E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.0889E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
60
Gunning-Fog Score
10.6
Coleman-Liau Index
9.8
SMOG Index
10.3
Automated Readability Index
8.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Peter Brookes
In closing, the United States should welcome China's peaceful integration into the international community as an open and free society through commerce, tourism, academic exchanges, and official dialog. These activities maximize the free world's efforts to encourage positive political and social change for 1.3 billion Chinese.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.94444
VADER
0.97
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0357148645
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0315178389
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0155217218
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0073309559
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0051816645
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0019358458
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006717732
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001242975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.48773E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.21572E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.4537E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.132
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Tourism and Leisure
Score:
74
Magnitude:
0.098
Code:
4014000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04014000
Wikidata_id:
Q61054412
Wikidata_label:
gambling industry
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Lifestyle and Leisure > Tourism
Score:
63
Magnitude:
0.083
Code:
10006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10006000
Wikidata_id:
Q49389
Wikidata_label:
tourism
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
10.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Peter Brookes
In my view, lifting the EU arms embargo will not do that. In fact, the passage of the anti-secession law directed at Taiwan by the Chinese National People's Congress on Monday, seems to suggest just the opposite, that China sees the EU's proposed decision on arms sales as approval to further pressure Taiwan militarily if necessary.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.8473
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.9072373621
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1772886724
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0740770949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0395578216
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0136274044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0032014155
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0031450403
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0028590373
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001933548
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001746316
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001262472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.32
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.179
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.4
Gunning-Fog Score
17.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Peter Brookes
I encourage the Senate to continue to look at this issue closely and express your concerns to your European counterparts, as I am sure you already are. I do not feel that this decision is a fait accompli yet, especially in light of the anti-secession law's passing earlier this week.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.33647
VADER
0.681
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.3094176529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1154729864
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0445752434
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0342139916
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0174337416
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0116205767
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0049878319
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0034666242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0019741241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.001476391
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0009617256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.076
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
81
Magnitude:
0.062
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.2
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Peter Brookes
In addition, I recommend that Congress, in close concert with the administration, craft an appropriate response which seeks to protect American interests and that of our friends and allies from this misguided decision by the EU.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.848
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.8360161446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.1469213516
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0554847647
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0174363842
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0040995044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0029086854
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0012386912
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006858646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000343252
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.26842E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.50835E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Music
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.075
Code:
1011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01011000
Wikidata_id:
Q638
Wikidata_label:
music
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > War
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.076
Code:
16009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16009000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics
Score:
75
Magnitude:
0.057
Code:
11000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000
Wikidata_id:
Q7163
Wikidata_label:
politics
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Peter Brookes
So, with that, Mr. Chairman, I will conclude. Thank you for the opportunity to testify before the committee today.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.649
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.6164357066
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0616033562
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0559826149
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0190762425
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0139273718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0067768313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0061473016
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0034955483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0018183166
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000104018
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.82694E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
62.4
Gunning-Fog Score
8.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Note
[The prepared statement of Mr. Brookes follows:] Prepared Statement of Peter T.R. Brookes, Senior Fellow for National Security Affairs and Director, Asian Studies Center, The Heritage Foundation Mr. Chairman, Members of the Committee, it is an honor and privilege to appear before you today to discuss the European Union's pending decision to lift its arms embargo against China.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.84
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0652441755
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0343705731
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0052833948
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0047356014
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0039753671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0033040818
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0018905377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003624502
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002693437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002533594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000117775
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Monument and Heritage Site
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.112
Code:
1018000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01018000
Wikidata_id:
Q914856
Wikidata_label:
historic preservation
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
91
Magnitude:
0.102
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
91
Magnitude:
0.101
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
68
Magnitude:
0.076
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Movies > Film Festival
Score:
63
Magnitude:
0.071
Code:
1005001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01005001
Wikidata_id:
Q220505
Wikidata_label:
film festival
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Labor > Employer
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.062
Code:
9015000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/09015000
Wikidata_id:
Q3053337
Wikidata_label:
employer
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.1
Gunning-Fog Score
7.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Peter Brookes
I want to commend you for holding this very timely hearing as there are many questions being asked on both sides of the Atlantic -- and in Asia -- that should be addressed in a prestigious, open forum such as this.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.494
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1016663853
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0612948264
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0206504948
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0118353702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0113988506
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.007580559
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0014882969
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000714092
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004729099
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002037831
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001909816
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.9
Gunning-Fog Score
17.7
Coleman-Liau Index
9.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Peter Brookes
I am testifying here today as an individual and my views do not necessarily reflect the views of my employer, The Heritage Foundation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.1253798255
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.008317126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0076071934
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0037243597
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.002672337
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0018599967
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0017764043
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002864817
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001266411
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.05876E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.53184E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.7
Gunning-Fog Score
16.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Peter Brookes
Later this year, the European Union (EU) will consider lifting the Tiananmen Square arms embargo against the People's Republic of China (PRC). The United States and the EU imposed the embargo following the June 1989 crackdown on democracy protectors in Beijing. Lifting the embargo would endanger U.S. interests, accelerate China's military buildup, undermine stability in the Pacific, and send the wrong signal to repressive regimes everywhere.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.46634
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.494
Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.2534835134
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.2316686325
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0968362845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0285578659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0096842326
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.007021147
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0034745837
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0008893319
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006071157
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.28702E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.06847E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.155
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General) > Political Systems
Score:
93
Magnitude:
0.144
Code:
11024001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024001
Wikidata_id:
Q28108
Wikidata_label:
political system
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.9
Gunning-Fog Score
14.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Peter Brookes
The U.S. is rightfully troubled by the proposed EU policy change. First, there is concern about China's refusal to renounce the use of force against Taiwan. In light of China's ongoing military buildup, Beijing might decide to coerce or take military action against Taiwan to force unification. Its recent passage of an "Anti-Secession" law directed at Taiwan, which may have been encouraged by the pending EU decision, is not encouraging. But more to the point, the sale of EU arms to China would mean that European weapons might be used against American servicemen in a military confrontation over Taiwan.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.22378
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.375
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.375
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.7376
VADER
-0.751
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
1.3223312795
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.3901499556
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.2149287844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0563804293
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0078560581
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0056066252
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0026975602
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0023652692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0016849579
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006842522
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004118738
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.205
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
75
Magnitude:
0.154
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49
Gunning-Fog Score
11.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
40
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35
Peter Brookes
Second, lifting the EU arms embargo would exacerbate the ongoing shift in the balance of power across the Taiwan Strait. In the next few years, the cross-Strait conventional military balance of power will move decidedly in Beijing's favor. This change might lead Beijing to perceive an ability to resolve Taiwan's political future through force. Considering the political, economic and military issues at stake in Northeast Asia, a Chinese miscalculation of this sort has the potential for catastrophic results.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.571
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.9724995121
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.6197907496
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0891551841
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0668008986
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0318688486
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0065639106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0021889164
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008064528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003655344
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002467878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002124549
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.097
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
83
Magnitude:
0.08
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
57
Magnitude:
0.055
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.8
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Peter Brookes
Third, in some quarters there is significant concern that China wants to succeed the U.S. as the preeminent power in the Pacific. Increased Chinese military might derived from EU arms sales or technology transfers could at some point allow Chinese forces to deter, delay, or deny American military intervention in the Pacific -- or replace the United States as the premier military power in Asia.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.25131
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.16705
VADER
0.727
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1205865294
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0899725826
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0218831949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0164617944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0137440307
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0069050948
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0010996087
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009302727
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001700036
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.56958E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.51435E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.368
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
60
Magnitude:
0.219
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.7
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Peter Brookes
Though many Asian countries welcome China's economic opportunities, they are wary of Beijing when it comes to security matters. Some strategists believe that beyond unification with Taiwan, China also has an eye towards subjugating Japan, controlling heavily-traveled Asian sea lanes, projecting power into the Indian Ocean and dominating Southeast Asia. Japan has already expressed their concern with the EU's proposed policy change.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2065303037
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.10120566
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0236048261
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0029193061
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0019710353
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0011405604
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009482524
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.2988E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.4291E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.718E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.789E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Economy (General) > Economic Policy
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.115
Code:
4017001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04017001
Wikidata_id:
Q582577
Wikidata_label:
economic policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Economy (General)
Score:
65
Magnitude:
0.074
Code:
4017000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04017000
Wikidata_id:
Q159810
Wikidata_label:
economy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.064
Code:
11000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000
Wikidata_id:
Q7163
Wikidata_label:
politics
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
51
Magnitude:
0.059
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
21.7
Gunning-Fog Score
16.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Peter Brookes
Fourth, China's handling of advanced conventional arms, WMDs, and ballistic missiles is of great concern. The PRC's export control laws and practices leave a lot to be desired. Willful government-supported proliferation is even more troubling. China's relationship with North Korea, Iran, Burma, or even Syria could lead to sensitive European technology falling into the wrong hands.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.61904
VADER
-0.119
Leans Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.1977008069
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1788383466
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0406326872
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0298436062
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0106724299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0067675377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003487312
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000170793
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001249386
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001141785
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001050788
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.227
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Missile Systems
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.119
Code:
11001008
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001008
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Peter Brookes
Finally, China's human rights record remains deeply troubling and scarcely merits reward. Just in 2004, Chinese security services harassed and detained justice-seeking mothers of Tiananmen Square victims, as well as political activists and Internet users. In fact, some suggest that China's human rights record has regressed since 1989. Once the arms embargo is lifted, the EU will lose significant leverage with China over human rights. In addition, ending the arms embargo would send the wrong signal to other repressive regimes.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.7346
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.38566
VADER
-0.852
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0246401236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0069092108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0034851499
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0032251271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012387185
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004689975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001715653
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
6.50333E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.44715E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.54044E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.52797E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.3
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Peter Brookes
So why is Europe considering this change? Many believe that the EU is trying to curry favor with China for preferential commercial treatment. China is one of the world's most dynamic economies, and lifting sanctions may lead to large commercial deals for EU firms. If the political climate is right, the PRC may also look to EU companies for high-speed rail, telecommunications, satellites, energy plants, and even high-end nuclear plants as China's insatiable appetite for energy grows.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.83
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0872837729
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0384763145
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0147209663
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0090740934
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0045026689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0040355848
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0015223526
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002078287
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.57525E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.26955E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.48536E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Weather > Global Change
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.406
Code:
17002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/17002000
Wikidata_id:
Q125928
Wikidata_label:
climate change
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Energy and Resource
Score:
64
Magnitude:
0.26
Code:
4005000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04005000
Wikidata_id:
Q2151621
Wikidata_label:
energy industry
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Energy and Resource > Nuclear Power
Score:
61
Magnitude:
0.248
Code:
4005005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04005005
Wikidata_id:
Q12739
Wikidata_label:
nuclear power
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Computing and Information Technology > Satellite Technology
Score:
60
Magnitude:
0.242
Code:
4003003
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04003003
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.4
Gunning-Fog Score
15.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Peter Brookes
A second and more sinister reason for the policy change is to open a new arms market for European weapons in China. The PRC is a veritable cash cow for arms sales. China's defense budget -- now the world's second largest -- runs $50-$70 billion a year, including plenty of money for arms purchases. With declining defense budgets across Europe, China provides a golden opportunity for Europe's beleaguered defense firms to sell arms in a growing market.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.18958
VADER
-0.265
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.1054346911
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0201990726
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0120452736
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0053808893
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0018004419
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004252695
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003705231
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001227855
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.43779E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.7776E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.3509E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.509
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.5
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Peter Brookes
Third, from a political perspective, some EU members are looking for political cover. Should the new arms policy go awry (e.g., the use of EU weapons on political dissidents, Tibetans, or Uighurs), political responsibility for the policy change would be spread across the breadth of the EU's membership. By working under the EU's umbrella, some states will inoculate themselves from their constituents' disapproval for backing down on China's human rights record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
-0.422
Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0414950919
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.016258379
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0142345089
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0024892626
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.000741874
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007350984
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.6552E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.11163E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
4.38632E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.35562E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.2075E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.417
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.216
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.3
Gunning-Fog Score
13
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Peter Brookes
Lastly, and on the most cynical end of the scale, some believe that the EU, especially France, is attempting to balance American global power through the development of a "multipolar" world. In such a political construct, other power centers such as China, Russia, Japan, India, and the EU could counterbalance American power. Thus, making China more powerful would help Europe challenge the United States' global pre-eminence.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95551
VADER
0.743
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0326102978
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0320778345
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0204933618
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0177516136
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0119413286
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0090942944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0048505615
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0025807409
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.4771E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.6213E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.4457E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.098
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics
Score:
93
Magnitude:
0.091
Code:
11000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000
Wikidata_id:
Q7163
Wikidata_label:
politics
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General) > Political Development
Score:
69
Magnitude:
0.068
Code:
11024003
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024003
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Mass Media
Score:
64
Magnitude:
0.063
Code:
1026000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01026000
Wikidata_id:
Q11033
Wikidata_label:
mass media
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Culture (General)
Score:
58
Magnitude:
0.057
Code:
1022000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01022000
Wikidata_id:
Q11042
Wikidata_label:
culture
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.051
Code:
14000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14000000
Wikidata_id:
Q8425
Wikidata_label:
society
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Peter Brookes
No doubt China has motivations of its own. First, Beijing continues to seek political absolution for the Tiananmen Square massacre among the international community. The recent death of former Communist Party leader, Zhao Ziyang, is a nail in the coffin of the requirement that the Chinese government account for its actions at Tiananmen; the lifting of the EU embargo would be another.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.61904
VADER
-0.71
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0191281855
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0156149777
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0104263519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0085693173
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0048544112
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0045448505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0009790621
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001533701
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001365466
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001356499
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.15079E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parties and Movements
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.2
Code:
11010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11010000
Wikidata_id:
Q7278
Wikidata_label:
political party
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.8
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Peter Brookes
Second, China is looking for competitive pricing and alternative sources for the arms it currently buys from Russia, its main advanced- technology arms supplier. With the U.S. and EU currently out of the Chinese arms market, it's a seller's market for the Russians.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.402
Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.3901052754
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.041609825
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0148192426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0131814289
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0033831882
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0030075003
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013931648
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002952597
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002293551
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001232372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.18712E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.464
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
61.1
Gunning-Fog Score
9.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.3
Automated Readability Index
6.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
3.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Peter Brookes
EU arms can compete with the Russian arms producers in terms of quality and (possibly) price. This would create a buyer's market for Beijing, decreasing dependence on Russian arms and enhancing the likelihood of generous advanced-technology transfers to the Chinese arms industry as part of any arms deal. The Chinese may also be hoping that the EU's decision will lead to pressure in Washington from defense firms to lift the embargo.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.03688
VADER
0.758
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0086321415
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0056696874
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.002229486
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0019876861
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005395849
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000384308
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001938125
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.04544E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.30526E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.35426E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.1371E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Peter Brookes
Third, Beijing is hunting for military technology it can't find elsewhere, especially in the Russian market. The Chinese can find top- notch fighters, diesel submarines, destroyers, and surface-to-air missiles in Russia, but they may not be able to find the necessary command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) systems they need to make these systems more effective. The EU may be just the source for such systems.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
0.834
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0052419557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0042803356
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0038986876
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0037906564
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0019793632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007165095
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001699726
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.66633E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.13614E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.4009E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.2379E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.155
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Missile Systems
Score:
92
Magnitude:
0.142
Code:
11001008
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001008
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Computing and Information Technology > Hardware
Score:
75
Magnitude:
0.117
Code:
4003001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04003001
Wikidata_id:
Q11351
Wikidata_label:
organic chemistry
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Energy and Resource > Diesel Fuel
Score:
67
Magnitude:
0.104
Code:
4005013
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04005013
Wikidata_id:
Q38423
Wikidata_label:
diesel
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.8
Gunning-Fog Score
16.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Peter Brookes
Fourth, Beijing would also like to drive a wedge into the transatlantic alliance. China certainly would not object to having an ally in the EU, especially when jousting with the United States in the U.N. Security Council or other multilateral institutions over such issues as Iran's nuclear program (where China just signed a $70 billion gas/oil deal) or Sudan (where China recently penned a $3 billion oil deal).
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.844
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0109931898
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0069725669
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0062694475
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0052579318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0021537729
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005423139
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005412542
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003256081
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.08855E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.4409E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.14854E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Energy and Resource > Oil and Gas (Upstream Activities)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.412
Code:
4005004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04005004
Wikidata_id:
Q2542096
Wikidata_label:
upstream
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Energy and Resource
Score:
84
Magnitude:
0.348
Code:
4005000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04005000
Wikidata_id:
Q2151621
Wikidata_label:
energy industry
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Energy and Resource > Oil and Gas (Downstream Activities)
Score:
78
Magnitude:
0.319
Code:
4005003
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04005003
Wikidata_id:
Q3444730
Wikidata_label:
downstream
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Nuclear Policy
Score:
65
Magnitude:
0.27
Code:
11020000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11020000
Wikidata_id:
Q757637
Wikidata_label:
nuclear policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.3
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Peter Brookes
Fifth, it should come as no surprise that a lifting of the arms embargo would be seen as a significant political defeat for the Taiwanese in Europe and would support China's desire to isolate Taiwan from the international community in hopes of forcing an early unification. Some would argue that if the Europeans sell arms to China, they should sell them to Taiwan as well.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.20067
VADER
0.586
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0345297827
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0302253873
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0157307659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0069955975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0049693397
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0026735044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0013515971
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001143015
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.8829E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.6423E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.4414E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.118
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
86
Magnitude:
0.101
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.8
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
11.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Peter Brookes
There are sure to be consequences to the transatlantic relationship over a decision to lift the arms embargo against China. Even with President Bush's and Secretary of State Rice's highly successful trips, America's perception of Europe, already troubled, will not be improved. Americans, especially veterans, would gasp at the thought that European arms might be used against American servicemen and women in a Taiwan or Korean contingency. Americans will rightfully resent a decision on the part of the Europeans that will negatively alter the security situation in a region (i.e., the Pacific) where the Europeans have no responsibility for stability or security. Even with the advent of a new code of conduct for arms sales and other regulations, the Bush administration is right to be displeased.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.46667
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.46667
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.93827
VADER
0.19
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1949225902
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0208140933
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0198247144
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.016942012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0079956364
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0076330762
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0029475745
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003516065
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.70547E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.03826E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.8645E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.357
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.198
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.2
Gunning-Fog Score
15.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
47
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44
Peter Brookes
The EU decision will also roil the waters of the Pacific. Japan is already alarmed by China's military buildup and has serious questions about China's strategic ambitions in Asia beyond Taiwan. Taiwan, already unsettled by the passage of the anti-secession law, is unlikely to sit idly by. An EU decision to lift the embargo will likely set back the recent progress across the Taiwan Strait.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.45199
VADER
-0.296
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0094045936
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0034062799
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0034054909
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017147053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013607914
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008522637
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.00047023
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.41541E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.44635E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.73838E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.9912E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.7
Gunning-Fog Score
14.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Peter Brookes
The United States should welcome China's peaceful integration into the international community as an open and free society through commerce, tourism, academic exchanges, and official dialogue. These activities maximize the free world's efforts to encourage positive political and social change for 1.3 billion Chinese.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.94444
VADER
0.97
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0329249044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0083345054
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0080907281
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0024444507
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.001285363
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010383217
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004874314
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001576567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001447148
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001360527
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.76557E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.117
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Tourism and Leisure
Score:
77
Magnitude:
0.09
Code:
4014000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04014000
Wikidata_id:
Q61054412
Wikidata_label:
gambling industry
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Lifestyle and Leisure > Tourism
Score:
65
Magnitude:
0.076
Code:
10006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/10006000
Wikidata_id:
Q49389
Wikidata_label:
tourism
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
9.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Peter Brookes
But in the end, the EU's decision to lift the arms embargo against China will not help close the transatlantic divide and may even widen it. The EU decision will also be perceived as an imprimatur for dismal human rights records everywhere. It may also have a destabilizing effect on Northeast Asia, especially across the Taiwan Strait. Finally, it could increase the likelihood of military conflict in the Pacific, which is no one's interest -- not even the distant EU's.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
-0.572
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0727689359
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0697706186
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.010936593
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0107355903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0084603766
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0076449651
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0019708286
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0007444623
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001113896
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001048534
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.64822E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.586
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Peter Brookes
Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0360506354
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0084026316
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0044204196
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0041125084
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0035273133
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0025705129
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0009882573
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.34574E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.5032E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.4281E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.429E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
99.1
Gunning-Fog Score
0.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
Richard Lugar
Well, thank you very much, Mr. Brookes, for that testimony.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.557
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0478434522
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0054803862
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.003440832
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.003234611
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006132712
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003024949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001966115
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001324044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.90513E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.48467E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.8846E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Prosecution > Witness
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.089
Code:
2009002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02009002
Wikidata_id:
Q196939
Wikidata_label:
witness
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
83.3
Gunning-Fog Score
6
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
2.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
1.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3
Richard Lugar
The chair now calls on Dr. Bates Gill.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0812012237
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0481979485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.044243224
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0434877933
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0074417294
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0074252697
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0031727941
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004136097
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.29337E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.24282E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.9763E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
1.6
Coleman-Liau Index
5.5
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
1.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3
Joe Gill
Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Thank you also, Senator Biden, for the opportunity to appear before the committee today. The ongoing consideration by the European Union of its 1989 arms embargo raises many, many important concerns, and I congratulate the committee on taking it up. We encourage you to continue to do so going forward.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.335
VADER
0.934
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.028945657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0059512186
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0024325094
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0017636448
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007119127
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005577222
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.90611E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.82791E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.50984E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.05805E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.5014E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.098
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.4
Gunning-Fog Score
10.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Joe Gill
You have asked me to cover several topics. I will do so by looking first at some context, the broader strategic relationship between the EU and China; second, to talk about the possible impact of lifting the embargo on Chinese military modernization; and then last, put forward some recommendations for United States policy and legislative action going forward.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.015663667
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0077728146
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0044367975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0037946167
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0019098205
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0018815805
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006100198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005716395
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005277233
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004429451
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003836635
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.102
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
97
Magnitude:
0.099
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics
Score:
61
Magnitude:
0.062
Code:
11000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000
Wikidata_id:
Q7163
Wikidata_label:
politics
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.6
Gunning-Fog Score
18.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Joe Gill
I think it is important, first and foremost, to place the arms embargo question in the larger context of China-EU relations. It is in that way that we can craft the best responses and elicit the best response from our European counterparts and avoid the worst potential outcomes.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
0.599
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0167482896
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.007141602
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.006173049
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0049402901
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0043889002
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0013110655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005013387
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002553164
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.9031E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.3763E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.8691E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.105
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
70
Magnitude:
0.073
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16.3
Coleman-Liau Index
11.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Joe Gill
I heard a think-tank specialist on Asia, who had recently left the Pentagon -- and it is not present company -- say that we were caught "flat-footed" by the EU's apparent intention to lift the embargo. I found that unsettling.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.1460702973
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0935374643
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0123587801
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0104965722
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0056368935
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0019699604
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0015357709
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0013122039
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.94188E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.14889E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.28498E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.9
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
10
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11
Joe Gill
In fact, the possibility of lifting the arms embargo was part of a far greater and ongoing dynamic that is plain to see in EU-China relations, and it dates back at least 10 years to the mid-1990s. It is characterized by major summits on an annual basis and open expression of intent on both sides in major policy documents calling for a continued strongly positive strategic relationship going forward.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0.869
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.2810042119
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1212169765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.050777907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0102273232
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0051253057
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0026969275
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0016299238
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0007725966
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006161455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001638239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.18942E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.073
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
76
Magnitude:
0.056
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Joe Gill
Specifically, on the military side, China's defense-related ties with individual European countries have likewise increased and, so far at least, largely involve what we might call softer interactions such as military-to-military diplomacy, peacekeeping, training, port visits, joint military exercises, et cetera.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.625
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0045171149
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0032506508
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0007454108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003146922
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002941409
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002414953
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0001372352
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.9258E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.634E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.566E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.227E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.48
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Joe Gill
However, on the harder side of military relations, there are ongoing joint programs of some concern to us, including the development of space technologies, which may have military applications, the continued low-level licensed production in China of European defense equipment, and of course, direct transfers of European military technology to China. I think it is very important for the committee to recognize that, as the line between military and civilian technologies continues to blur, European exports of commercial technology and expertise with potential military applications will continue to expand and has already contributed to improvements in Chinese defense production capacity. And I would say the same can be said for commercial exports with military relevance from other suppliers as well, including the United States, Japan, even Taiwan.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.69231
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.69231
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.52606
VADER
0.89
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0440625794
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0262046378
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0120938981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0075115291
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0062030798
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0032921707
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009329363
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003186736
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.63302E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.6489E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.1819E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.852
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
81
Magnitude:
0.688
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
53
Sprache Difficult Word Count
42
Joe Gill
Broadly speaking, then, it is important for us to recognize that the arms embargo question in the EU is part of an ongoing comprehensive and carefully constructed strategy on the part of the European Union to build a different kind of relationship with China, which in their view has two principal aims: One, to integrate China as a responsible member of a multipolar global community; and second, to help China address its domestic sociopolitical and socioeconomic transformation. As such, strategic views of China clearly are very different from those in the United States.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.915
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0245410891
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0069267859
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0034562458
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0032373388
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012413875
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004682641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001732044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
6.47923E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.43044E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.54269E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.5223E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.074
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
96
Magnitude:
0.071
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
7.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Joe Gill
Let me turn secondly to the question of lifting the embargo and the impact it might have on Chinese military modernization.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.8473
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0212321771
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0174644389
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.007097824
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009746902
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007623717
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003483091
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002045791
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.22449E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
1.63911E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.1939E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.203E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.06
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Joe Gill
First, Mr. Chairman, I think it is important to understand that it is highly likely, in my view, that the arms embargo will be lifted at some point within the next year, but increasingly the precise timing seems open to question. There is obviously the need for a unanimous decision on the part of all 25 EU member countries, and there remain a number of countries in the European Union who are not supportive of this move. Moreover, as has been mentioned, the recent passage of the anti-secession law and the failure on the part of the National People's Congress to even consider the International Convention on Political and Civil Rights will definitely have a negative impact in the view of many European governments about the wisdom of lifting the embargo at this time.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.22222
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.22222
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.42744
VADER
-0.256
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0690542453
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0242871349
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0046077363
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016811475
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0011093072
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009624744
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002462238
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001899553
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.239E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.029E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.88E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.308
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
96
Magnitude:
0.295
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
62
Magnitude:
0.192
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
58
Magnitude:
0.18
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.161
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.8
Gunning-Fog Score
17.9
Coleman-Liau Index
11.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44
Joe Gill
As an aside, I think the convergence of several developments, which have been raised here, including the anti- secession law, the lack of consideration on the International Convention on Political and Civil Rights, as well as a warming trend in United States-Europe relations at the moment, I think should weigh in the minds of Europeans very heavily to delay and postpone any decision on the arms embargo, at least until the end of this year.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.16667
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.16667
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.31015
VADER
-0.38
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.1409981051
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0432563393
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0172330663
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0116036463
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0084833198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0058387515
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0046366207
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.002934507
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.5718E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.2645E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.6759E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.722
Code:
11002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002000
Wikidata_id:
Q1889
Wikidata_label:
diplomacy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Joe Gill
Second, on the issue of the impact on Chinese military modernization, I think we should understand that lifting the embargo, in and of itself, is likely to have little impact on the flow of technology to China. I think our concerns really have to be on what is going to replace the embargo. As has already been said, first of all, under the terms of this now nearly 16-year-old embargo, European firms have already been able to provide Chinese counterparts with militarily relevant technologies. The nature of advanced technologies and the broadening applications to military purposes has clearly outstripped the ability of this embargo to be effective.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.03688
VADER
0.844
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0657943601
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0346552144
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0099146208
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0077176199
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0057418027
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.00538034
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.003551257
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0004606414
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002359735
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.1779E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.3671E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.132
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Joe Gill
Second, the degree to which European firms have been restrained in the past from providing weapons and sensitive technologies to China has far more to do, in my view, with individual EU member state national export control laws than the policies of the EU embargo itself. So, it is very important for us to look at what is going to replace this embargo at some point, I assume, in the not-too-distant future. We need to place our emphasis on making sure; first, that the Code of Conduct is dramatically strengthened, and second, that we intensify our bilateral conversations with key European suppliers to make sure that they are appropriately strengthening their export control guidelines on a national basis as well.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
0.871
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0299252366
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0222406408
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.010578354
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0063606203
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0055775778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.003413828
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0028251394
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004722771
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001399145
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.75448E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.02335E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.185
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice
Score:
82
Magnitude:
0.151
Code:
2000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02000000
Wikidata_id:
Q146491
Wikidata_label:
criminal law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Trade Policy
Score:
74
Magnitude:
0.138
Code:
4008033
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008033
Wikidata_id:
Q572564
Wikidata_label:
commercial policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
65
Magnitude:
0.12
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
57
Magnitude:
0.106
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.104
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
Joe Gill
I am encouraged to hear, during the meetings this week, from our EU counterparts that they are debating the strengthening of the code to make it more specific and that with the toolbox of additional measures, they intend to increase the level of scrutiny and transparency on European arms exports introducing, for example, a new system to examine on a quarterly basis and report publicly on the export license approvals coming out of Europe, to do a 5-year retroactive report on those license approvals that have been given from Europe to China, and even to require so-called brokered exports, that is, arms exports from non-EU states which are arranged by entities based in the EU, to be included in this reporting system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.791
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.084531866
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.017991988
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0172815271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0023638126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0015242995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013245729
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0010310858
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.95577E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.99127E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.79882E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.55646E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.186
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
98
Magnitude:
0.182
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.103
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
43
Sprache Difficult Word Count
43
Joe Gill
Finally, I am also encouraged that EU officials are giving serious consideration to proposing a formal consultative mechanism between Europe and the United States to discuss weapons and militarily relevant technology exports to China. These are all positive steps. We need to encourage the Europeans all the more strongly to move in this direction. I think by instituting these mechanisms, we can have a far greater expectation than we have now, at least, of stemming the flow of certain weapons and militarily relevant technologies to China.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.03688
VADER
0.926
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0081894097
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0064237895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0043049218
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0026662812
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007584869
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002513986
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.00018867
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.10992E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.05373E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.59371E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.5592E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.139
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
66
Magnitude:
0.092
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.6
Gunning-Fog Score
17.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Joe Gill
A third point on military technology. In the near term, I think it is very unlikely that the Europeans are going to supply complete weapons systems. Rather, it is far more likely in the near to medium term that they will provide value-added subsystems and technologies which the Chinese military requires to boost its capabilities across a range of issues but especially concerning naval, aerospace, aviation, command, control, communications, computers, and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance assets.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.335
VADER
0.727
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0067323614
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0019650162
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0012239661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010453202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007725723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006765365
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
8.30172E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.40944E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.86333E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.53667E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.6108E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.236
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
87
Magnitude:
0.204
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Science and Technology > Technology (General)
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.127
Code:
13010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13010000
Wikidata_id:
Q11016
Wikidata_label:
technology
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Joe Gill
Let me close with several recommendations, Mr. Chairman.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0031587464
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0019227056
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0016881311
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008622383
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006387461
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0003058336
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.56516E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
8.1358E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.3677E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.8157E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.5899E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.2
Gunning-Fog Score
11.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
7.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
1.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3
Joe Gill
I think the aim here needs to be; first, to stem the flow of sensitive and potentially destabilizing weaponry to China on the one hand, while also strengthening consultations on these important issues between the United States and Europe.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.844
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0200439972
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0059214643
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0047349826
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0029316738
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0020126336
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0019221025
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0019175201
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0009020024
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001044104
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.86806E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.61513E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Joe Gill
So, first, through congressional and administrative action, we should strongly urge an enhanced set of arms export restrictions to limit Chinese arms and sensitive technology exports to China. This needs to be done at two levels. In Brussels, yes, but let us not forget, again, the key to this is going to be national export laws among the EU member states. So we need to do it both in Brussels and in the key national capitals of concern. I do believe that the moment is increasingly right for an intensified and judicious set of discussions with our European counterparts and that we can be successful in this effort.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.84
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0271844969
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0049384529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0042083557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0034714409
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018580165
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0007729142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003420749
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002453479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001220694
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.45358E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.09956E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.227
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
70
Magnitude:
0.159
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Trade Policy
Score:
58
Magnitude:
0.132
Code:
4008033
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008033
Wikidata_id:
Q572564
Wikidata_label:
commercial policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.128
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.122
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.3
Gunning-Fog Score
13.8
Coleman-Liau Index
11.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Joe Gill
Second, I think we need to encourage our European counterparts to press for more vigorous policies and pronouncements regarding questions of Taiwan, human rights, and nonproliferation. If, and when, an embargo is lifted and new mechanisms are put in place, I should certainly think that the Europeans ought to accompany that with very strongly worded pronouncements and policies about the need for China to move ahead and raise the standard on human rights practices, on nonproliferation activities, and in strengthening China's commitment to a peaceful resolution of differences with Taiwan.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.29412
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.29412
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.57054
VADER
0.944
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0068878115
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0043248499
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0040872277
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0035212775
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001565489
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007434343
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003095502
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.5905E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.78739E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.18902E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.97825E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
9.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Joe Gill
Third, I hope both the Congress and administration will see the wisdom of establishing a regular mechanism for strategic dialog and consultation between the United States and Europe on Asia and China. This should involve the key Asia-related experts at the White House, the Department of State, and the Department of Defense. It is my understanding that, that kind of dialog has been lacking in the past and, I think, partially explains the problems we are seeing today.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.61904
VADER
0.785
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0940741214
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0316107355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0156065376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0125768027
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0095296346
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0072151408
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0018165869
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002087046
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.53197E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.8628E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.0171E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Social Issue > Social Issues (General) > Social Problems
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.14
Code:
14025002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14025002
Wikidata_id:
Q1920219
Wikidata_label:
social issue
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Construction and Property
Score:
81
Magnitude:
0.113
Code:
4004000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04004000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.074
Code:
11000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000
Wikidata_id:
Q7163
Wikidata_label:
politics
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue
Score:
50
Magnitude:
0.07
Code:
14000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14000000
Wikidata_id:
Q8425
Wikidata_label:
society
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43
Gunning-Fog Score
16.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Joe Gill
Finally, I would recommend that through congressional action, there be a tasking of authoritative research and reporting on the extent and nature of advanced technology exports to China and their impact on Chinese military modernization. China is increasing its access to foreign inputs of capital, technology, and expertise from Europe, as well as from the United States and Japan and Taiwan and other advanced economies. Far greater resources need to be devoted to monitoring these developments and their implications for U.S. interests.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.939
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0300457876
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0131289809
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0032197124
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0026459664
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0022736247
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0022631157
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003907987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.43071E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.40927E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.72546E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.12854E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Science and Technology > Technology (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.111
Code:
13010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13010000
Wikidata_id:
Q11016
Wikidata_label:
technology
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
90
Magnitude:
0.1
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Demographics > Immigration
Score:
84
Magnitude:
0.094
Code:
14003002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14003002
Wikidata_id:
Q131288
Wikidata_label:
immigration
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Science and Technology > Applied Science
Score:
69
Magnitude:
0.077
Code:
13001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13001000
Wikidata_id:
Q34104
Wikidata_label:
science and technology
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Science and Technology > Research
Score:
63
Magnitude:
0.07
Code:
13006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13006000
Wikidata_id:
Q42240
Wikidata_label:
research
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31
Gunning-Fog Score
15.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Joe Gill
Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.5729749333
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0299398205
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0293481105
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0112802969
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0105968094
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0092053211
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0022872495
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0005352561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004221939
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003560144
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001587981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
99.1
Gunning-Fog Score
0.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
Note
[The prepared statement of Dr. Gill follows:] Prepared Statement of Dr. Bates Gill, Freeman Chair in China Studies, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, DC INTRODUCTION Thank you, Chairman Lugar and Senator Biden, for the opportunity to appear before this distinguished committee.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
0.836
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0254786486
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0214036889
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0043329364
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0029611627
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013797537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012109277
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003403671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.94203E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.9021E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.8269E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.0022E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.082
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Parties and Movements
Score:
80
Magnitude:
0.066
Code:
11010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11010000
Wikidata_id:
Q7278
Wikidata_label:
political party
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.1
Gunning-Fog Score
10.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Joe Gill
The ongoing consideration by the European Union (EU) to lift the 1989 arms embargo against China raises concerns across a range of critical issues: the strategic dynamic of U.S.-EU-China relations, trans-Atlantic differences, the emergence of China as a more powerful global and regional player, Chinese military modernization, and the future security and stability in East Asia. I congratulate the Committee for focusing on this important topic, and look forward to discussing it further with you.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.28571
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.28571
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.54654
VADER
0.839
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.114562246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0235263869
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0093162278
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0038577135
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0021834458
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0020873786
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0015106801
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.2117E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.3531E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.6841E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.304E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.176
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
67
Magnitude:
0.118
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.099
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.4
Gunning-Fog Score
17
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
32
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
Joe Gill
My remarks proceed in three principal parts. First, I would like to provide some essential context by discussing the broader strategic dynamic of EU-China relations as it has unfolded so dramatically over the past 5 to 10 years. Second, the testimony will examine the impact of lifting the embargo on Chinese military modernization. A concluding section presents some basic recommendations for U.S. policy in addressing developments in EU-China relations generally, and on the arms embargo question in particular.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.03688
VADER
0.625
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.109935354
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0129551991
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0085682957
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.004175894
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0036615998
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0025335259
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0013345964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003227496
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.9588E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.3867E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.0193E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.097
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
96
Magnitude:
0.094
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
90
Magnitude:
0.087
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Family
Score:
59
Magnitude:
0.058
Code:
14006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14006000
Wikidata_id:
Q8436
Wikidata_label:
family
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Joe Gill
Broader EU-China strategic dynamic underway since the mid-1990s
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.382
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.107848586
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0348913483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0244137103
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.022014977
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0064945809
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0057140875
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008386242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004789364
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004672698
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003202181
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000223756
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.4
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Joe Gill
It is important first and foremost to place the arms embargo question in the larger context of China-EU relations. That is how we better understand the motivations for lifting the embargo and craft responses which will resonate and have effect with EU counterparts so as to mitigate and avoid the worst potential outcomes of a post-embargo future.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
-0.382
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0696118863
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0127172476
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.009099301
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0058710844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0036893245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018385746
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007365129
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001755664
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.55832E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.07064E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.98013E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.085
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
81
Magnitude:
0.069
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Joe Gill
I heard a think-tank specialist on Asia who had recently left the Pentagon say that we were caught "flat-footed" by the EU's apparent intention to lift the embargo. I found that an unsettling comment. It has been very clear to anyone who wished to look that China-EU relations have been moving steadily closer across the full range of their bilateral relationship, including in political-military areas, and that lifting the embargo has been on the table and a part of EU- China discussions for nearly two years.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.434
Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.1079810085
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0919152924
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0192852429
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0166116384
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0162062352
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0097849676
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0024171619
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0020093388
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002204154
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.12168E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.6912E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.083
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.8
Gunning-Fog Score
18.7
Coleman-Liau Index
11.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Joe Gill
In fact, the possibility of lifting the arms embargo is part of a far greater and ongoing dynamic of intensifying EU-China relations over the past decade. The beginning of far closer EU-China relations dates to the mid-1990s. Since then, China and the EU have held seven major summits, the most recent at the end of 2004. Both sides have issued major policy documents detailing their relationship and calling for continued strongly positive strategic relations going forward. In terms of economics and trade, the EU became China's largest trading partner in 2004. China is now the EU's second largest trading partner after the United States.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.912
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0718890107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0344754895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0273602695
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0187908299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0099840778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0075421987
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0011502691
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002506701
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001186793
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.61331E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.4372E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Economy (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.127
Code:
4017000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04017000
Wikidata_id:
Q159810
Wikidata_label:
economy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Family
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.119
Code:
14006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14006000
Wikidata_id:
Q8436
Wikidata_label:
family
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
79
Magnitude:
0.1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
62
Magnitude:
0.078
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52
Gunning-Fog Score
13.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
Joe Gill
On the military side, China's defense-related ties with individual European countries have likewise increased, and largely involve "softer" interactions, including military-to-military diplomacy and educational exchanges, peacekeeping training, port visits, some joint military exercises, and expanded military attache offices to manage this growing aspect of diplomacy between China and Europe. Most of the EU member states have one military representative in Beijing; France has three, Germany, Italy, Poland, and the United Kingdom have two (by comparison, the United States has 12). China and individual member states such as France, Germany, and the United Kingdom have established regularized strategic consultations and security dialogues, including counterterrorism discussions.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.03688
VADER
0.931
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0121828372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0087598681
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0055930348
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.005240447
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.002456467
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0020367497
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005316122
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004203996
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.6359E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.5975E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.42116E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.743
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
55
Sprache Difficult Word Count
50
Joe Gill
Other military-to-military exchanges stand out. For example, a number of European navies have visited Chinese ports, with France leading the way with 12 naval port visits to China dating back to the early-1980s. Other European navies which have traveled to China include those from the United Kingdom, Italy, Ireland, and Germany. The Chinese navy has made only two sets of port visits to Europe, the first in September 2001, when Chinese ships paid calls in France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom. The second set of visits was in 2002 during the Chinese navy's first circumnavigation of the globe, including stops in Turkey, the Ukraine, Greece, and Portugal.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.649
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0189475715
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0075052063
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0056134355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.003308184
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0023888286
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0014331488
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005482505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.12617E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.65794E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.94546E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.338E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.184
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Transport > Waterway and Maritime Transport
Score:
96
Magnitude:
0.177
Code:
4015004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04015004
Wikidata_id:
Q155930
Wikidata_label:
water transport
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.9
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Joe Gill
In August 2003, China for the first time allowed foreign military personnel -- including from the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, Germany, Canada, Tanzania, Thailand, and Turkey -- to observe Chinese military exercises involving 5,000 Chinese troops at the country's large tactical training base in Inner Mongolia. On September 2, 2004, military representatives invited from France, Germany, United Kingdom and Mexico, observed an amphibian landing exercise in Shanwei along the coast of Guangdong Province.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.813
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0953101611
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0507934717
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0271599914
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0139215437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0099992372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0060837174
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0042058364
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0029227886
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.09479E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.5899E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.665
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
6.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
Joe Gill
China has also held joint naval exercises with the French navy (in March 2004) and with the British navy (in June 2004), both off the coast of Qingdao in the East China Sea. These exercises involved four to five vessels and focused on tactical maneuvers for the ships and shipboard helicopters, replenishment-at-sea exercises, and search-and- rescue. China also fields peacekeepers to Europe under the United Nations flag, including civilian police to the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosova and, in the past, to the United Nations Mission in Bosnia-Hercegovina.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.942
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0563608715
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0254128274
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0190034989
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0120740908
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0026675756
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0015749183
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003254342
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002879078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001614735
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001362228
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000130876
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Disaster and Accident > Rescue
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.139
Code:
3017000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03017000
Wikidata_id:
Q11858035
Wikidata_label:
emergency response
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Disaster and Accident > Relief and Aid Organization
Score:
88
Magnitude:
0.122
Code:
3012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03012000
Wikidata_id:
Q11858035
Wikidata_label:
emergency response
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Transport > Waterway and Maritime Transport
Score:
75
Magnitude:
0.104
Code:
4015004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04015004
Wikidata_id:
Q155930
Wikidata_label:
water transport
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Police
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.073
Code:
2003000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02003000
Wikidata_id:
Q35535
Wikidata_label:
police
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26.5
Gunning-Fog Score
17.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Joe Gill
There are some important developments on the "harder" side as well, including some joint programs in the development of space technologies which could have military applications, ongoing low-level licensed production in China of European defense equipment, and direct transfers of European military technology to China. Importantly, given the blurring line between "military" and "civilian" technologies, European exports of commercial technology and expertise with potential military applications continue to expand and already contribute to improvements in Chinese defense production capabilities (the same can be said for commercial exports with military relevance from other suppliers, such as the United States, Japan, Taiwan, and others). This integration of European and Chinese high-technology R&D and production capability has particular military relevance as it unfolds in the aerospace, aviation, communications, and shipbuilding sectors. (China's military-technical relations with European suppliers are discussed in more detail below.)
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.88889
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.88889
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.45674
VADER
0.912
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0862507557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.007612077
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0037977228
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0021158459
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0015420537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010515132
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000179723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.83453E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.79288E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.12012E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.53183E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.94
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.519
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
69
Sprache Difficult Word Count
53
Joe Gill
In short, it is very important to recognize that the arms embargo question in the EU is part of an ongoing, comprehensive, and carefully constructed strategy to build a fundamentally different kind of relationship with China. This effort has two principal aims: (1) to integrate China as a responsible member of a multipolar global community and multilateral international institutions and (2) help China address its domestic sociopolitical and socioeconomic challenges at home -- so-called capacity building or "good governance."
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.18958
VADER
0.895
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0772015715
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0048770176
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.004406934
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0026864673
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0018683471
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0016950567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0010641312
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007131046
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.50623E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.6843E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.71344E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.079
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
93
Magnitude:
0.073
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Joe Gill
In many respects, China is seen by many EU and European member state leaders and officials as a kind of "test case" for how global players will need to cooperate to face the transnational challenges of the 21st century -- terrorism, international crime, social justice, economic stability, resource scarcity and depletion, environmental degradation, intellectual property and the globalization of knowledge, and other critical challenges.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.46634
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.125
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.125
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.23639
VADER
-0.637
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0638597703
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0240537585
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.017639494
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0160868221
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0064927161
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0035526016
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.001293358
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011749374
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0009549772
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0007442146
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002644703
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.35
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Construction and Property
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.186
Code:
4004000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04004000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Joe Gill
As such, strategic views of China in Europe are aimed at developing a deeper, more constructive, and more positive relationship, and tend to see far greater opportunities in ties to China than threats. To the degree European policymakers see threats emanating China, they tend to be on either questions of "soft security," such as economic competition, illegal immigration, transnational crime, smuggling of drugs and contraband, environmental issues, and human rights. Individual European countries as well as the EU have established regular dialogues with China to cooperate and find common ground on these and other security concerns.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.36772
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.38566
VADER
-0.235
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0858102983
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0212864412
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0132983332
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0118805081
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0053006494
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.004994405
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0036320496
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008567743
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.4741E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.0511E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.0152E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.679
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
14.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
42
Sprache Difficult Word Count
41
Joe Gill
In this sense, fundamental European strategic views of China differ in some respects from those in the United States. Unlike Europe, the United States maintains significant strategic and political interests around China's periphery in the form of alliances and a host of other critical and complex political-military relationships with others around China. Europe's relations with China are unfettered by the complicated and important political and military commitments the United States has made to Taiwan, the principal issue over which the United States and China could come into conflict.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.41176
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.41176
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.82098
VADER
0.919
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1923446544
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0611618278
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0308561546
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0127968771
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0077900149
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0076600707
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0055708646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007754288
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003900518
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002614196
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.52701E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.21
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
97
Magnitude:
0.204
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.118
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
13.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Joe Gill
Lifting the embargo: Impact on Chinese military modernization
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0582369918
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0239032321
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0164734156
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0082122679
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0049342634
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0019789743
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0014374826
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005538704
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.4125E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.4318E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.3046E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.095
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
18.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
2.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Joe Gill
There are three important points to make regarding the lifting of the embargo and its potential impact on Chinese military modernization.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.202
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0617815938
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0545963587
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.007402843
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0024447561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0021497121
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018731211
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0009395192
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001106609
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.746E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.0184E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.4307E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.128
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Joe Gill
It is possible the embargo will not be lifted in the immediate- term. While it is highly likely the arms embargo will be lifted within the next year, the precise timing is still open to some question. Lifting of the embargo requires the unanimous assent of all 25 EU member countries, and many member countries -- such as Scandinavian countries and some in Eastern Europe -- remain opposed to lifting the ban. For these countries and others within the EU, a number of conditions should be met. These would include China's ratification of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, allowing visits by the International Committee of the Red Cross, to Chinese prisons, releasing certain political dissidents in China, strengthening the EU Code of Conduct on arms exports, including stronger transparency mechanisms for those exports, avoiding further deterioration in Europe- United States relations, strengthening assurances that weapons exports would not aggravate tensions across the Taiwan Strait, and gaining stronger Chinese assurances about their intention to peacefully resolve differences across the Taiwan Strait. The recent passage of the Anti- Secession Law by the Chinese National People's Congress, and the NPC's lack of consideration of the International Covenant on Political and Civil Rights, will have a negative effect in the view of many European governments about the wisdom of lifting the embargo at this time.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.18182
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.18182
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.3514
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.26667
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.26667
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.52807
VADER
0.95
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.0757209258
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0591462245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0109277433
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0082758124
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0060291281
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.005114311
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0034148503
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0016789108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0010102707
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.71523E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.47945E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.723
Code:
11002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002000
Wikidata_id:
Q1889
Wikidata_label:
diplomacy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
17.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
92
Sprache Difficult Word Count
82
Joe Gill
However, while these obstacles remain, most observers conclude that some of the leading members of the EU, including France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, will work to have an acceptable set of conditions in place on the EU side, especially with regard to the Code of Conduct and arms export transparency measures, in order to gain unanimous EU member consent to lift the embargo by June this year. As EU member states debate this issue, and China continues to apply pressure on Brussels and in individual capitals, it now appears it is not a question of "whether," but "when" and "how" the 1989 embargo statement would be lifted.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.99853
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.0652888673
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0446991471
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0289408519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0118491007
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0102275764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0093463481
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.002093329
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0019394622
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002101865
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.97955E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.09529E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.362
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.195
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
41
Joe Gill
Lifting the embargo in and of itself will have little impact on technology flows of concern to China. Instead, our concern should focus on what will replace the embargo. This is true for two principal reasons. First, under the terms of the now-nearly-16-year-old embargo, European firms have already been able to provide Chinese counterparts with militarily-relevant technologies. This is no less true for U.S., Japan, and even Taiwan exports of advanced technologies to China. The fact is that the nature of advanced technologies today and their broadening applications to militarily-relevant purposes have far- outstripped the ability of a simple declaration of intent pronounced a decade and a half ago to truly stem the flow of sensitive technologies to China.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.95551
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.27297
VADER
0.884
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.009939204
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0075332209
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0010069051
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0009134081
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005317734
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002205866
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001291871
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0001122238
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.51172E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.2335E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.4653E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
Joe Gill
Unlike the American arms embargo on arms trade with China which is codified as law and prohibits specifically designated military end-use items the EU embargo is contained in a single phrase, issued as part of a broader political statement condenming the Tiananmen crackdown in June 1989. The statement reads that EU members will embargo "trade in arms" with China, without specifying how "arms" are defined and without requiring any penalty or strictures on those EU members which chose to "trade in arms" with China. The EU "embargo" is best understood as a political statement which is not legally binding.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
0.688
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0130777407
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0033497072
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0019640234
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0019024617
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005832916
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.000141843
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001098277
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001078613
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.83826E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.76911E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.10078E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.668
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
60
Magnitude:
0.403
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Joe Gill
Second, the degree to which European firms have been restrained from providing weapons and sensitive technologies to China has far more to do with the individual EU member states' national export control laws and policies than with the EU embargo itself. In this regard, it is important to note that a number of elected parliamentary bodies in Europe, including the British House of Commons, the German Bundestag, and the EU Parliament, have issued resolutions opposed to the lifting of the arms embargo.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
-0.202
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.2070391085
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0235301122
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0141661978
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0115917683
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0090272646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.008507567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0012382106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006007704
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001398961
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.4422E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.51448E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.363
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.189
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
32
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35
Joe Gill
So in this sense, it is not the lifting of the embargo but rather what comes to replace the embargo which will affect how European military-technical relations with China will or will not contribute to Chinese military modernization. This important point should lead us in the direction of determining more specifically (1) what the EU will put in place of the embargo, and (2) what certain individual EU member states intend to do in their military-technical relations with China. It is especially important to focus on what might replace the current embargo since the leaders of the EU member states are on record as agreeing in December 2004 that "the result of any decisions [about lifting the arms embargo] should not be an increase of arms exports to China, neither in quantitative nor qualitative terms."
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.84583
VADER
0.839
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0081330181
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0055463221
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0024724744
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0015113833
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003991661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002491372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002300186
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000125599
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.80028E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
2.5236E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.293E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.239
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
86
Magnitude:
0.205
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
22.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Joe Gill
Rather than focus on the "embargo," a potentially more restrictive set of guidelines deserve greater attention: the EU Code of Conduct and the so-called "toolbox" of arms export transparency measures. The 1998 Code of Conduct provides more specific guidance to EU members in making arms sales decisions (to all countries, not just China). This guidance consists of eight criteria which EU governments should weigh before exporting weapons: "Respect for the international commitments of EU member states," including U.N. sanctions, EU sanctions, and other international nonproliferation treaties and commitments; The respect of human rights in the country of final destination, including consideration of whether an arms export will be used for "internal repression"; The "internal situation in the country of final destination" so as to avoid provocation or prolongation of tensions and conflicts; "Preservation of regional peace, security and stability" to avoid aggressive use of the weapons by the recipient against another country, and to avoid use of the exported weapon to "assert by force a territorial claim"; The national security of the member states, their territories, and the national security of friendly and allied countries; The behavior of the recipient country, especially with regard to terrorism and its respect for international law; The possibility that the recipient country would divert the export within the country or reexport it to a third party in an unauthorized or "undesirable" way, to include a consideration of the recipients export control system, among other items; The ability of the recipient to import weapons for legitimate defense and security needs while still meeting human and economic needs. The Europeans are debating the strengthening of this Code to make it more specific. In addition, EU officials state they are crafting a so-called "toolbox" of additional measures which would increase the level of scrutiny and transparency on European arms exports. These measures would likely include a number of new and positive steps, including: A system to review EU member state arms exports on a quarterly basis, including reporting on both export license approvals and export license denials; A 5-year retroactive report on export license approvals in order to establish a recent baseline on arms exports from which to gauge future and assess potential future sales; A requirement that "brokered exports" (arms exports from non-EU states which are arranged by entities within the EU member states) be included in the reporting system. EU officials are also giving serious consideration to proposing a formal consultative mechanism between the United States and Europe to discuss weapons and militarily-relevant technology exports to China. By replacing the embargo with a better framework, including increasing the specificity, scrutiny, and binding nature of the Code of Conduct and the toolbox, and by instituting a more formal consultative mechanism on this issue between the United States and Europe, we can have far higher expectations of stemming the flow of certain weapons and militarily- relevant technologies to China.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.38946
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.53425
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.53425
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.17204
VADER
0.944
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1257060911
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0099573517
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0072124574
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.004030062
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001802366
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013841357
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006644593
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002424636
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.18273E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.992E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.462E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
74
Magnitude:
0.743
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
68
Magnitude:
0.677
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
64
Magnitude:
0.637
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Foreign Aid > Economic Sanction
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.54
Code:
11005001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11005001
Wikidata_id:
Q1248258
Wikidata_label:
economic sanction
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.528
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
1.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
203
Sprache Difficult Word Count
146
Joe Gill
The flow of militarily-relevant exports to China from Europe in the near-term is not likely to be in the form of new weapons platforms, but in the form of subsystems and key technologies. It appears unlikely that China would move ahead with major purchases of complete weapon platforms, at least in the near- to medium-term. Not only is it likely most European governments would restrict their manufacturers from large, high-profile, and provocative weapons sales to China, but China has a number of reasons of its own to eschew this approach. First and foremost is cost, since they have been successful in gaining access to relatively cheaper Russian weapons and technologies and because their own defense industries are beginning to make significant breakthroughs. In addition, China already faces significant problems in the diversity and interoperability of its weapons systems, particularly in the case of new jet aircraft programs. Third, because of China's traditional self-reliant posture regarding its defense-industrial base and its need to keep large, state-owned, defense enterprises open and avoid massive unemployment, Beijing will be reluctant to simply buy large quantities of European weapons off-the-shelf.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.81676
VADER
-0.964
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0173793189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.015562537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0064702799
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0015547203
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005677928
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0005581777
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004384565
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.00937E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.4874E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.21898E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.1198E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.873
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
27.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
54
Sprache Difficult Word Count
67
Joe Gill
Instead, if complete weapons platforms are sold, they will likely be a relatively small number with the probable expectation on China's part that it could move toward some form of indigenous assembly or licensed production of the system over time. More likely in the near- to medium term would be the sale not of complete platforms, but certain value-added subsystems and technologies which the Chinese military requires to boost its capabilities, such as projecting and coordinating military force in a maritime environment, involving naval, aerospace, aviation, and command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (C4ISR) assets.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.891
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0487289188
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0158630311
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0149884567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0046823745
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0025664101
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017346689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002980489
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001575666
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.5722E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.26577E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.173E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.227
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
72
Magnitude:
0.163
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
43
Joe Gill
Given these considerations, China is most likely to seek European military-technical inputs and assistance in such areas as: Jet aircraft propulsion, avionics, and fire control systems; Naval weapons systems, including air defense, weapons guidance and fire control, and radars, as well as submarine technologies; Naval propulsion systems and stealth technologies; Information technology and communications infrastructure improvements, especially those applicable to more sophisticated, hardened, and secure command and control infrastructure for military purposes; Aerospace technologies to include satellite imagery, reconnaissance, remote sensing, and communications. In addition, certain past and ongoing transfers and Chinese indigenous production of militarily-relevant systems and technologies from Europe are likely to continue and may expand. These include the licensed-production of various helicopters, turboshaft helicopter engines, fire-control and surveillance radars, and air defense systems from France, fighter jet avionics upgrades from the United Kingdom and Italy, the British "Searchwater" airborne early warning radar system, Italian naval fire control radar systems, and the British Rolls Royce Spey Mk 202 engine, first transferred to China in the late-1970s, and now produced in China as the WS-9, which powers the made-for-export Chinese fighter-bomber known as the FBC-1, and its domestic version, the JH-7.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.22378
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.52
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.52
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.581
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0189524319
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0041203868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0023964567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0015232153
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0011348241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004689201
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0002088972
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001886222
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.29199E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.99863E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.6771E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.323
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
65
Magnitude:
0.211
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Computing and Information Technology
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.172
Code:
4003000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04003000
Wikidata_id:
Q179310
Wikidata_label:
computing
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
107
Sprache Difficult Word Count
83
Joe Gill
Recommendations
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0140888864
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0069403337
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0038355021
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0027317739
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0011269631
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006082934
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002404994
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001082428
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.67979E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.32304E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.8732E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
0.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
0.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
1
Sprache Difficult Word Count
1
Joe Gill
Given these developments, the aim of U.S. policy should be to stem the flow of sensitive and potentially destabilizing weaponry to China while strengthening consultations on these important issues between the United States and European counterparts. Four key measures should form the basis of the U.S. policy approach.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0065648877
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0039681479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009757635
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004151287
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0002171949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001900163
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001452221
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.1761E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.13497E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.9026E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.67E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.078
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.7
Automated Readability Index
7.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Joe Gill
Through Congressional and Administration action, public statements, and consultations, strongly press for an enhanced set of arms export restrictions to limit European arms and sensitive technology exports to China. This needs to be done at two levels. First, such actions should target the debate within the EU at Brussels. The next two to three months are going to be a critical period as EU officials, in consultation with member states, craft a more acceptable set of post- embargo mechanisms to guide EU arms exports, including a revised Code of Conduct and the introduction of greater arms export transparency and reporting measures. These discussions with Brussels should specify those particular weapons and technologies which the Washington would find especially problematic for export to China
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.45199
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.37949
VADER
-0.296
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0183898854
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0060356106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0052511667
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0042964977
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018505894
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013750812
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007835053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001568424
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.80457E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.57851E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.51932E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.608
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.334
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.6
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
50
Sprache Difficult Word Count
51
Joe Gill
Second, U.S. policy should also target governments and key constituencies in important EU member states. In the end, it will be the domestic export control restrictions as well as the political climate in individual countries which will have the greatest impact on stemming the flow of sensitive weapons and technologies to China. This demands a more intensive understanding of individual member states' perspectives toward China, particularly within key constituencies such as parliaments, opinion leaders, China experts and activists, and the business community, to identify individuals and institutions which share U.S. concerns about weapons and militarily-relevant technology sales to China. These discussions with specific EU member states should include those particular weapons and technologies which the U.S. side would find especially problematic for export to China.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.27297
VADER
-0.374
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0076202035
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0045984521
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0045636651
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0012017692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006306691
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001091223
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
6.21659E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.81023E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.1062E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.4423E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.4114E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.401
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.5
Gunning-Fog Score
15.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
47
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48
Joe Gill
The moment is right for intensified, judicious, and well-informed discussions with European counterparts on this issue to assure the most favorable outcome regarding potential military exports to China on the one hand, and improved U.S.-Europe relations on the other.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0.901
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0295455829
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0213486579
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0126208819
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0058790851
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0054790849
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000879318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000597379
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003293787
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.2956E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.0178E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.0082E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.086
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.5
Gunning-Fog Score
14.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Joe Gill
Through Congressional and Administration action, public statements, and consultations, strongly press for more vigorous policies and pronouncements from the EU and European governments on Taiwan, human rights, and nonproliferation. Given the importance the current Code of Conduct gives to such questions as "the national security of friendly and allied countries," the "respect of human rights in the country of final destination," avoiding use of the exported weapon to "assert by force a territorial claim," and the "recipient's export control system," the United States should insist that the EU stand by and even strengthen these assurances with regard to China. U.S. action should aim to shape the current EU debate on the issuance of a statement which specifically speaks to these concerns that might accompany the lifting of the embargo and the implementation of a new set of arms export guidelines and transparency mechanisms.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.16667
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.16667
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.31015
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.47826
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.47826
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.9904
VADER
0.935
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0202513722
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0200265742
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0071352035
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.004050104
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.00371682
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0030243256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006051122
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.74477E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.48959E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.07027E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.4497E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.6
Gunning-Fog Score
18.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
58
Sprache Difficult Word Count
60
Joe Gill
U.S. policy action should insist that lifting the EU embargo be linked to concrete Chinese steps to raise the standard of their human rights practices, such as ratifying the International Covenant on Political and Civil Rights and allowing for International Committee of the Red Cross inspections of Chinese prisons, strengthening Chinese commitment to a peaceful resolution of differences with Taiwan, and strengthening China's export control system and commitment to international nonproliferation norms.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.625
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.625
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.34993
VADER
0.93
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0227891156
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0124562343
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.010487777
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0093776296
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0025837895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0022572529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017757726
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0015026268
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0006851893
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001799797
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.41916E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.745
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
58
Magnitude:
0.431
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.7
Gunning-Fog Score
17.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Joe Gill
Through Congressional and Administration action, establish a regular mechanism for strategic dialogue and consultation between the United States and Europe on Asia and China. Regularized dialogue on Asian affairs and on China with European counterparts -- both at the EU Brussels level and among key European countries such as France, Germany, and the United Kingdom -- should form a normal and institutionalized aspect of trans-Atlantic consultations by the White House, the Department of State, and Department of Defense, as well as by members of Congress and their staff. The appropriate officials with responsibility for Asian and Chinese affairs from the White House, the Department of State, and the Department of Defense should regularly take active part in these discussions. Appropriate Congressional committees should seek regular briefings on these discussions from relevant officials from the Department of State and Department of Defense.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.29584
VADER
0.898
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0132953413
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0114317678
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0097917262
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0080241807
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0075947617
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0053362375
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0046006189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0006666656
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005047365
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001816986
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.84605E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Construction and Property
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.081
Code:
4004000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04004000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
13
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
55
Sprache Difficult Word Count
47
Joe Gill
Members of Congress, Congressional staff, and Administration officials should also take part in and/or receive briefings from the ongoing nongovernmental dialogue and research programs involving U.S. think-tanks and academic institutions and their European counterparts. These programs draw together American and European specialists and officials to address Asian and Chinese affairs, serve as "early warning mechanisms" on potential policy disputes, and generate policy recommendations to facilitate trans-Atlantic partnership and common goals regarding developments in Asia and China.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
-0.542
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0086206826
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0048950595
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0039965282
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0028981416
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0024837071
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0024767318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0011516312
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001465467
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001441865
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001132878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.3674E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.075
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Science and Technology > Research
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.071
Code:
13006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13006000
Wikidata_id:
Q42240
Wikidata_label:
research
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
14.2
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44
Joe Gill
Through Congressional action, task authoritative research and reporting on the extent and nature of advanced technology exports to China and their impact on Chinese military modernization. China's increasing access to foreign inputs of capital, technology and expertise, including such inputs from Europe, the United States, Taiwan, and other advanced economies, pose important concerns about Chinese military modernization. The areas where advanced foreign suppliers would most likely be able to make a contribution to Chinese military modernization, even if an indirect contribution, would be in those defense industrial sectors most relevant to a Taiwan scenario: aerospace, aviation, naval warships and submarines, and in communications technology. China remains at an early stage in fully realizing its military potential and the advantages of increased access to militarily-relevant foreign technology, R&D, and manufacturing expertise. However, it has made important military advances in recent years, especially with regard to the balance of power across the Taiwan Strait, and appears likely to continue to do so. Far greater resources should be devoted to monitoring these developments and their implications for U.S. interests.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.36772
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.71298
VADER
0.949
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0892921351
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0436749891
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0335892604
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0276738021
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0112156529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0079872851
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005154967
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004867402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.50339E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.20122E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.3856E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.359
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
9.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
85
Sprache Difficult Word Count
73
Richard Lugar
Thank you very much, Dr. Gill.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1686143689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0986385043
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0256584084
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0209512582
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0158914932
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0157657109
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0028902037
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004211022
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.49592E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.4348E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.0194E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
100
Gunning-Fog Score
1.2
Coleman-Liau Index
5.7
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
1.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
Richard Lugar
The chair now calls on Dr. Richard Grimmett.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0830284785
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0133953494
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0104907886
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0050389444
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0040892472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.002040531
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008662538
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002065992
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.86059E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.1846E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.2064E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
97
Gunning-Fog Score
1.6
Coleman-Liau Index
9.9
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
1.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
1.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3
Richard Lugar
DEFENSE, CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE, WASHINGTON, DC
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.128
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0240333102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0145998667
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0055461944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0011869609
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0010505971
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0010242969
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004370605
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.77361E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.7869E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.1174E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.644E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
2.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Dr Grimmett
Thank you, Mr. Chairman, Senator Biden. I welcome this opportunity to be of assistance to you in your review of the matters related to the prospective lifting of the European Union's arms embargo on China.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.681
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0257575564
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0181429845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.009715691
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0085443811
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0074396499
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.002506079
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0010762507
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003437349
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.03833E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.1869E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.0986E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.09
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
76
Magnitude:
0.068
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Movies > Film Festival
Score:
73
Magnitude:
0.066
Code:
1005001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01005001
Wikidata_id:
Q220505
Wikidata_label:
film festival
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
73
Magnitude:
0.066
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50
Gunning-Fog Score
10.4
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
3.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Dr Grimmett
My focus will be to set a context in which the institutional aspects of this issue have developed, particularly the arms control mechanisms, which probably are at the heart of resolving it.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.778
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.06692803
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0488471822
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0149011015
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0056671361
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0030340087
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0022113647
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005530591
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000188886
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001680791
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.07564E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.9925E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.107
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
95
Magnitude:
0.101
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Sport > Tennis
Score:
71
Magnitude:
0.076
Code:
15065000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15065000
Wikidata_id:
Q847
Wikidata_label:
tennis
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Interior Policy > Personal Weapon Control
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.058
Code:
11016004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11016004
Wikidata_id:
Q1328508
Wikidata_label:
gun control
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Dr Grimmett
To that end, Mr. Chairman, I ask that two recent CRS reports on matters pertinent to this hearing also be made part of the record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.026
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0085239466
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016890473
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0005327206
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003306319
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0002183883
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.59443E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
1.99579E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.43705E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.948E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.076E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.607E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
79.1
Gunning-Fog Score
6.6
Coleman-Liau Index
8.2
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.8
Sprache Readability Score
2.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Richard Lugar
Without objection.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0213890002
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0170428873
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0051476367
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0019921798
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0007746764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000213796
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001414647
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001290489
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.49693E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.2115E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3042E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
1
Sprache Difficult Word Count
1
Dr Grimmett
In my prepared remarks, I note that the existing EU arms embargo on China, dating from June 27, 1989, is a rather brief political declaration that simply calls for "interruption by the Member States of the then-European Community of military cooperation and an embargo on trade in arms with China." This declaration does not clarify the meaning of the term "military cooperation" nor does it contain a list of arms that come within the scope of the phrase "trade in arms."
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
-0.153
Leans Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.1569656539
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0147233397
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0143960977
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0098744829
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0092057955
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0078139419
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006865904
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000274306
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.5512E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.56797E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.76573E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.666
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Dr Grimmett
By contrast, with the introduction of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), effective in November 1993 when the Treaty on European Union, the Maastricht Treaty, was in force, the procedural basis for EU embargoes was altered. Decisions to impose an embargo still require unanimity among EU member states, but such decisions are now based on legally binding documents, such as Common Positions, rather than declarations. Often, implementing regulations are also adopted. Regulations or Common Positions on embargoes now contain detailed descriptions of the type of material covered, as well as the terms and conditions of implementation, by member states. Arms embargoes are also subject to EU standards on arms exports, such as the 1998 Code of Conduct on Arms Exports. Ultimately what a given embargo entails may be viewed differently by different member states. As a political statement by the European Union the EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports is not legally binding on EU member states.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.4
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.4
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.76214
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.80235
VADER
0.64
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0207552352
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0049321185
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0036524103
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0036494122
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0034944453
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003568428
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001076223
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.23116E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.4622E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.8171E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.8024E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.657
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Treaty
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.371
Code:
11027000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11027000
Wikidata_id:
Q131569
Wikidata_label:
treaty
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.2
Gunning-Fog Score
15.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
72
Sprache Difficult Word Count
56
Dr Grimmett
The existing arms embargo against China has not been interpreted uniformly by EU members since it was imposed. This can be attributed to factors such as: One, the lack of specificity in the political declaration in 1989; two, the absence of a legally binding document, such as a Common Position, which has been the case with later embargoes imposed on other nations; and, three, the existing loopholes in the EU arms control system generally.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.20067
VADER
-0.361
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0408807391
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0187131242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0152926907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0138951509
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0135384646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0049457063
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0020233354
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006845406
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002652716
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002640087
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001185229
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.363
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Government
Score:
67
Magnitude:
0.244
Code:
11006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11006000
Wikidata_id:
Q7188
Wikidata_label:
government
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General) > Political Systems
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.196
Code:
11024001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024001
Wikidata_id:
Q28108
Wikidata_label:
political system
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
25.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Dr Grimmett
The United States, by contrast and for its part, has a long-established legal framework for reviewing and determining which nations will be permitted to obtain defense articles, defense services, and related military technology from it. The principal U.S. statute governing the sale and transfer of defense articles is the Arms Export Control Act. My formal statement goes into detail on how the U.S. Arms Export Control Act framework operates. I also explain in detail how the EU arms export control system operates, and I critique the EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.03688
VADER
0.7
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0177473499
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0126833635
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0068281814
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0068126043
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0031042564
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006338775
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004221497
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.32362E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.14394E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.91469E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.84198E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.571
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Interior Policy > Personal Weapon Control
Score:
90
Magnitude:
0.516
Code:
11016004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11016004
Wikidata_id:
Q1328508
Wikidata_label:
gun control
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.1
Gunning-Fog Score
13.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Dr Grimmett
But let me comment, at this point, on the EU Code of Conduct, which was adopted on June 8, 1998, during the EU presidency of the United Kingdom. The EU Code sets up eight criteria for the export of conventional arms and a denial notification procedure obligating EU member states to consult on possible undercutting arms sales one EU state might make, even though another EU state has chosen not to make a comparable arms export.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0639798178
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0114333925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0087676563
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0060660892
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0018444158
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000401596
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003044914
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002669369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.9762E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.34688E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3466E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.535
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Dr Grimmett
The EU Code's eight criteria to be utilized by EU members when reviewing license requests and making decisions whether or not to make an arms export include, for example, the following: Consistency of the export with an exporter's international commitments arising from U.N., EU, or OSCE arms embargoes; risk that the export would be used for internal repression or where the recipient country has engaged in serious violations of human rights; risk that the export would provoke or prolong armed conflicts; risk that the recipient using the export could undermine regional peace and security; effect of the export on the defense and national security interests of friends and allies; risk of diversion to third parties or to a terrorist organization.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.8
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.8
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.84583
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.47826
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.47826
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.9904
VADER
-0.727
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.2012589714
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0924158026
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0261292938
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0055258959
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0051798863
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0018604385
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0014095665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002176
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.74704E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.29042E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.3736E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Trade Policy
Score:
73
Magnitude:
0.73
Code:
4008033
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008033
Wikidata_id:
Q572564
Wikidata_label:
commercial policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > War
Score:
50
Magnitude:
0.501
Code:
16009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16009000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
54
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48
Dr Grimmett
It is important to emphasize that these eight criteria, and the EU Code of Conduct in its entirety, are political statements by the EU and they are not legally binding on the member states of the EU; although the Code is supposed to represent a moral imperative that EU member states are expected to uphold and enforce.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
0.174
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.022524083
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0054210213
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0036405349
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0017220369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0015596817
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003759666
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002900427
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.52949E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.4684E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.331E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.185E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Politics (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.06
Code:
11024000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11024000
Wikidata_id:
Q11827330
Wikidata_label:
political process
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics
Score:
95
Magnitude:
0.057
Code:
11000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000
Wikidata_id:
Q7163
Wikidata_label:
politics
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue
Score:
87
Magnitude:
0.052
Code:
14000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14000000
Wikidata_id:
Q8425
Wikidata_label:
society
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
15.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Dr Grimmett
The EU Code requires an annual report on arms exports made by member states. These reports show that despite the embargo on China, some arms sales licenses have been approved for the PRC. During 2002, for example, all EU nations collectively approved export licenses for China valued at 209.8 million Euros, about $279 million. The EU nations that approved export licenses during that period were France, 105.4 million Euros; the United Kingdom, 79.5 million Euros; and Italy, 22.8 million Euros. In 2003, the most recent year for which we have a report from the European Union, all EU nations collectively authorized licenses for China valued at 415.8 million Euros, which is about $550 million at the current exchange rate. During 2003, the leaders in arms export licenses for China were France, 171.5 million Euros; Italy, 127.1 million Euros; and the United Kingdom, 112.5 million Euros.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
0.957
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0656983641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.064420636
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0333383941
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0043394124
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0036457357
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0030789248
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0015159274
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003259921
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002245799
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001146093
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001094672
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.654
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
88
Magnitude:
0.578
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.5
Gunning-Fog Score
15.7
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
50
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Dr Grimmett
Now, the U.S. Arms Export Control Act, which I discuss in detail in my formal statement, establishes strict, binding obligations on any nation purchasing defense articles and defense services from the United States to agree, in advance of any purchase, that the buying nation will not retransfer the military items obtained to a third nation or party without receiving prior approval to do so from the President. The Arms Export Control Act has severe penalties that can be applied to any nation found to violate its legal obligation not to retransfer military items obtained from the United States without prior U.S. consent. These obligations and penalties would apply to any EU nation that transferred any United States origin defense article, service, or military technology to China without prior United States approval.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.46634
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.41369
VADER
0.888
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0223565512
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0142344405
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0063180436
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0051576957
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003499462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003371742
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003231851
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.22333E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.15465E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.0251E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7417E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.368
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
88
Magnitude:
0.325
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.198
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
51
Magnitude:
0.188
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.3
Gunning-Fog Score
14.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
57
Sprache Difficult Word Count
41
Dr Grimmett
The Arms Export Control Act framework, however, does not apply to arms sales to China of indigenously developed and produced military equipment of EU member states. Controls of sales or transfers of that military equipment must be achieved through application of the national arms export control statutes of the individual EU nations, the EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports, or EU regulations regarding arms exports.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0543088827
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0424777652
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0343704742
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0337570295
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.016905462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0165290505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0015792075
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005289457
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003366556
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002449355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.14698E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Interior Policy > Personal Weapon Control
Score:
63
Magnitude:
0.631
Code:
11016004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11016004
Wikidata_id:
Q1328508
Wikidata_label:
gun control
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Dr Grimmett
What remains to be seen in the current situation is what will be the nature and scope of the revised EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports in the future, and any new instrument establishing measures to address EU arms exports to post- embargo countries, referred to by the EU as "the toolbox." Private consultations among EU members on these matters are continuing but are likely to be completed before final EU action on lifting the arms embargo on China takes place.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.83321
VADER
0.013
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0784776988
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0340264814
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0225010066
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.011996489
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0118642063
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0113366936
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.004585346
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001063002
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.90872E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.77141E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.3082E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.37
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Dr Grimmett
Should the European Union strengthen the EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports and utilize effective instruments to prevent worrisome arms exports to China in a post-embargo period, prospects for reaching a successful accommodation in United States-European Union relations over this issue could be notably enhanced.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.56495
VADER
0.908
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0640564773
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0220932823
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0156687456
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0112452639
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0048340618
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0036509129
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0020566053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003273314
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002657147
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001187417
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.45581E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.198
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
74
Magnitude:
0.146
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Dr Grimmett
Mr. Chairman, that concludes my summary.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.017134854
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0144615187
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0119575991
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0017732833
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011132136
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.000446808
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001209024
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001199341
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.3305E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.30282E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.5628E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
62.8
Gunning-Fog Score
7.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
5.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4
Note
[The prepared statement of Dr. Grimmett and the reports of the Congressional Research Service follow:] Prepared Statement of Dr. Richard F. Grimmett, Specialist in National Defense, Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.34
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0231641578
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.010559256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0081434795
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0073099785
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0041815172
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007223089
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007120369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006815859
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.18977E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.4859E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.9232E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parties and Movements
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.051
Code:
11010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11010000
Wikidata_id:
Q7278
Wikidata_label:
political party
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
21.6
Gunning-Fog Score
2.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.6
Automated Readability Index
11.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Dr Grimmett
General background on European Union embargoes
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0117972064
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0069972251
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0039107563
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0015664567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0012493591
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0011934328
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0010499641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002903992
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002707834
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002628303
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.4539E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
9.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5
Dr Grimmett
Arms embargoes fall within the sanctions or restrictive measures imposed by the European Union against third countries. In general, EU embargoes are either adopted to implement U.N. Security Council resolutions acting under Chapter VII, or are "autonomous." In the latter case, embargoes are legally founded in a specific provision of the treaties establishing the European Union. EU members have full jurisdiction to decide on imposing arms trade restrictions.\1\ Prior to 1992, decisions on embargoes were made by the member states through an informal political process, the so-called European Political Cooperation.\2\ In several instances, member states convened as a body, the European Council, adopted declarations to impose embargoes.\3\ Within such a context, the embargo on China was imposed in 1989, by the then twelve members of the European Community, the EU's precursor. The objective was to introduce arms trade restrictions against the regime in China in reaction to the killing of demonstrators in Tiananmen Square. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.66329
VADER
-0.7
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0061672006
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0017614026
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0013714718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0012960892
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011167308
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
3.63023E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.0833E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
2.1316E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.168E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.602E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.87E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.394
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.9
Gunning-Fog Score
15.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
69
Sprache Difficult Word Count
58
Dr Grimmett
The introduction of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) by the Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty), effective in November 1993, altered the procedural basis for EU embargoes. Decisions to impose an embargo still require unanimity among EU member states, but such decisions are now based on Common Positions, rather than declarations.\4\ Often, implementing regulations are also adopted. Members are required to conform with the provisions or regulations and Common Positions. Both instruments contain a detailed description of the type of material covered as well as the terms and conditions of implementation by the member states. Arms embargoes are also subject to EU standards on arms exports, such as the 1998 Code of Conduct on Arms Exports (hereafter the EU Code). Consequently, in the implementation of the arms embargo on China, EU members are expected not only to abide by the restrictions on arms trade on China but also with the EU requirements on arms exports. Ultimately, what a given embargo entails may be viewed differently by different member states. And, as a political statement by the European Union, the EU Code on Arms Exports is not legally binding on the EU member states. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.61904
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.80235
VADER
0.561
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.6426169071
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0911614334
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0774493034
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.031204769
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0139697324
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.004068375
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002783166
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.38332E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.95036E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.6819E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.546E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > International (Foreign) Trade
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.532
Code:
4008011
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008011
Wikidata_id:
Q178803
Wikidata_label:
international trade
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.1
Gunning-Fog Score
15.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
83
Sprache Difficult Word Count
66
Dr Grimmett
On June 27, 1989 the European Council, convened in Madrid, agreed to impose an arms embargo on China. The entire text of the embargo, which is in the form of a political declaration, is rather brief. In the first two paragraphs, it condemns the repression in China and requests that the Chinese authorities cease executions and respect human rights. The fourth paragraph contains the measures agreed by the members states. These include the suspension of military cooperation and high-level contacts, reduction of cultural, scientific and technical cooperation programs and prolongation of visas to Chinese students. The specific wording of the arms restrictions on China calls for: ". . . interruption by the Member States of the Community of military cooperation and an embargo on trade in arms with China." \5\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.83321
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.22222
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.22222
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.42744
VADER
-0.511
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0459608331
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0311098906
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0074539596
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0047418598
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0033377877
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012275209
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006816521
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.97718E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.0087E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.9445E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.257E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
50
Magnitude:
0.502
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.5
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
51
Sprache Difficult Word Count
51
Dr Grimmett
The declaration does not clarify the meaning of the term "military cooperation" nor does it contain a list of arms that come within the scope of the phrase "trade in arms." Neither does it contain exceptions or review clauses. By contrast, other EU embargoes imposed later in the CFSP context are more elaborate and specific in their scope and coverage. For instance, the Burma/Myanmar embargo, which was first adopted in 1991, has been updated and revised a number of times due to the lack of progress in democratization and continuous violation of human rights, and appears as a Common Position, which is binding. It contains, inter alia, a ban on technical assistance related to military activities and the provision, maintenance and use of weapons and ammunition, paramilitary equipment and spare parts.\6\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.48808
VADER
-0.848
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.1041094307
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0194017703
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0170890213
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0047801295
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0046192235
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0044942135
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005376889
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001906622
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.9323E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.433E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.506E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.935
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.7
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
55
Sprache Difficult Word Count
57
Dr Grimmett
The arms embargo against China has not been interpreted uniformly by the EU members since it was imposed. This has been attributed to several factors, including lack of specificity in the political declaration, absence of a legally binding document, such as a Common Position, as is the case with subsequent embargoes imposed on other countries and, more importantly, the existing loopholes and weak points in the EU arms control system. For instance, the UK interpreted the embargo in a narrow manner, to include the following items: lethal weapons such as machine guns, large-caliber weapons, bombs, torpedoes and missiles; specially designed components of the above, and ammunition; military aircraft and helicopters, vessels of war, armored fighting vehicles and other weapons platforms; and equipment which might be used for internal repression.\7\ The French have interpreted the embargo similarly.\8\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.64663
VADER
-0.951
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.2407237189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0910574687
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0195398199
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0032827753
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0025243733
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0010245978
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0009168946
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001310827
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.05017E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.71569E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.9936E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
22.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
58
Sprache Difficult Word Count
59
Dr Grimmett
The United States, for its part, has a long established legal framework for reviewing and determining which nations will be permitted to obtain defense articles, defense services, and related military technology from it. The principal U.S. statute that governs the sale and transfer of defense articles is the Arms Export Control Act (AECA), P.L. 90-629 (22 U.S.C. 2751 et. seq.).\9\ Under the structure of the AECA, the United States government reviews applications for possible arms sales. These sales can be made through the government-to- government Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program or through the direct commercial sales (DCS) process. The DCS process is administered by the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) in the State Department's Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs which reviews and grants or denies licences for arms exports to companies who seek to sell their defense products directly to the foreign clients. Once the President has determined that an arms sale or transfer should be made to a foreign recipient through either of the two processes noted above, he submits detailed information about a prospective sale in a formal report and notification to the Congress for its review, when the dollar values of the proposed sale exceed a specific reporting threshold. Should Congress disagree with such a Presidential arm sale proposal, it can nullify it by passing and obtaining enactment of a joint resolution of disapproval.\10\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.7346
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.41667
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.41667
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.881
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.08627192
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0239334258
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.007809361
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0058998485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0046614881
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0021891648
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007766907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001167211
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.0293E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.5775E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.4032E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.543
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > International (Foreign) Trade
Score:
95
Magnitude:
0.514
Code:
4008011
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008011
Wikidata_id:
Q178803
Wikidata_label:
international trade
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Company Information
Score:
93
Magnitude:
0.503
Code:
4016000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04016000
Wikidata_id:
Q1391314
Wikidata_label:
business information
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.305
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.3
Gunning-Fog Score
12.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
84
Sprache Difficult Word Count
82
Dr Grimmett
In the case of European Union (EU) member states, their arms exports licensing process is based on the pertinent laws of each member state. They are also regulated by the following instruments: (1) The 1998 European Code of Conduct on Arms Exports, a non-binding instrument, which lays down minimum standards to be applied on export licenses \11\; (2) Regulation (EC) No. 1334/2000 setting up a Community Regime for the Control of Exports of dual-use items and technology \12\; and (3) Common Position 2003/468/CFSP on the Control of Arms Brokering).\13\ The EU Code of Conduct, analyzed in detail below, establishes eight criteria to be applied by EU members on the exports of conventional arms, including software and technology.\14\ A Common List of Military Equipment was agreed upon in 2000 and updated recently.\15\ In general, arms embargoes, unless specific guidance is otherwise provided, cover at least all the items included in the Common List.\16\ Regulation No. 1334/2000 as amended (whose scope extends to any items that could be used for civilian and military purposes) is directly applicable to the member states. Under its provisions, member states grant authorizations for exports, called Community general export authorization (CGE) of dual-use items. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.66356
VADER
0.178
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1467559254
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0400258956
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0183808399
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0169057515
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0102224665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0033969474
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.01142E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.68322E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.82408E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.59979E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7281E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.508
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
60
Magnitude:
0.306
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.1
Gunning-Fog Score
15.6
Coleman-Liau Index
11.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
91
Sprache Difficult Word Count
70
Dr Grimmett
Such authorizations are valid throughout the Community, subject to certain specific cases for which consultation is needed among EU members prior to granting or denying an authorization. The items and technology listed in Annexes I, II and IV of the Regulation are based on the lists prepared by the international export control regimes. The Regulation includes a "catch-all" clause which allows controls on goods not included in the Annex of the Regulation. Under this clause, EU members have the discretion to impose or not to impose controls on exports and technology not listed in the Regulation. The objective of Common Position, 2003/468/CFSP, is to control arms brokering \17\ in order to prevent circumvention of U.N., EU, or Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe (OCSE) embargoes on arms exports and the criteria established in the EU Code. Under its provisions, Member states are urged to put in place legal norms for lawful brokering activities, including obtaining a written authorization prior to engaging in arms brokering and to keep records for at least 10 years.\18\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.58333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.58333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.26567
VADER
0.754
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1235290663
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0352548144
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0191638945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0180952848
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0069207708
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0057014975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0021475851
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006062409
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.2441E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.6141E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.299E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.307
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Company Information > Litigation and Regulation
Score:
79
Magnitude:
0.243
Code:
4016027
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04016027
Wikidata_id:
Q2920921
Wikidata_label:
management
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.8
Gunning-Fog Score
13.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
78
Sprache Difficult Word Count
62
Dr Grimmett
The European Union (EU) Code of Conduct on Arms Exports was adopted on June 8, 1998, during the Presidency of the United Kingdom.\19\ The EU Code sets up eight criteria for the export of conventional arms and a denial notification procedure obligating EU member states to consult on possible undercutting arms sales one EU state might make even though another EU state has chosen not to make a comparable arms export. Under this procedure, member states are required to transmit through diplomatic channels information on licenses refused and reasons for the denial. Thus, before a member state authorizes a license which has been refused by another member state for the same transaction, it is necessary to consult the state that rejected the license in the first place. If the member state decides to issue the license, it must inform the state that refused to grant authorization.\20\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.29412
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.29412
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.57054
VADER
-0.557
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0595761288
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0501613016
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0156506343
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0054358316
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0032985441
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0014593537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0011432142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001993705
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.5156E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.6389E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.5288E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.68
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.2
Gunning-Fog Score
17.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
52
Sprache Difficult Word Count
43
Dr Grimmett
The EU Code's eight criteria, which are to be utilized by EU members when reviewing license requests and making decisions whether or not to make an arms export, can be briefly summarized as follows: (1) Consistency of export with the exporter's international commitments arising from U.N., EU, or OSCE arms embargoes; (2) Risk that export would be used for internal repression or where the recipient country has engaged in serious violations of human rights; (3) Risk that export would provoke or prolong armed conflicts; (4) Risk of recipient using export to undermine regional peace and security; (5) Effect of export on defense and national security interests of friends and allies; (6) Commitment of purchaser to fight terrorism and uphold international law; (7) Risk of diversion to third parties or to a terrorist organization; (8) Risk that export would undermine the sustainable development of the recipient country. It is important to emphasize that these eight criteria, and the EU Code on Arms Exports in its entirety, are political statements by the European Union, and not legally binding on the member states of the EU, although the Code is supposed to represent a moral imperative that EU member states are expected to uphold and enforce. Nevertheless, no matter how strong the language of purpose and intent contained in the Code's eight Criteria is, the 12 Operative Provisions of the EU Code -- the sections of the Code which set out the manner in which the Code is to be carried out -- contain significant loopholes which militate against it being a strong regime, in its current form, for the control of conventional arms exports from EU member states. This circumstance is illustrated by the following examples:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.84615
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.84615
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.12026
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.06635
VADER
-0.792
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.1433458412
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0431528868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0283586065
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0134342874
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0086602486
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0027671787
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0027531938
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012646636
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.6609E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.83097E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.26569E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Parties and Movements
Score:
59
Magnitude:
0.593
Code:
11010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11010000
Wikidata_id:
Q7278
Wikidata_label:
political party
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.549
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.549
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.555
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
116
Sprache Difficult Word Count
95
Dr Grimmett
1. While each EU member state is to review export license applications made to it on a "case-by-case basis" against the eight specific criteria in the EU Code, Operative Provision 3 of the Code expressly states that "The decision to transfer or deny the transfer of any item of military equipment will remain at the national discretion of each Member State." Thus, each EU member state is free to make an arms sale based on its own determination regarding whether it is appropriate or not under the Code.\21\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.557
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0495403016
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0148151041
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0102446582
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0067296394
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0064103333
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0041252035
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006336702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006150753
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001635738
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.90003E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.3533E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.7
Gunning-Fog Score
14.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Dr Grimmett
2. Operative Provision 10 provides additional guidance to member states in application of the EU Code. It states: "It is recognized that Member States, where appropriate, may also take into account the effect of proposed exports on their economic, social, commercial and industrial interests, but that these factors will not affect the application of the above criteria." A literal reading of that sentence could mean that those who adopted the EU Code recognized that national economic or commercial interests would weigh importantly in the decision-making process regarding any given arms sale, and may even trump the larger stated EU-wide interest in restricting problematic arms exports. Yet in the same sentence the provision effectively states that while national economic self-interest may compel a member state to sell, that state is expected not to do so to remain true to the principles of the EU Code.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.41369
VADER
0.912
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.01940769
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0080500708
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0048420479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0020488103
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0005545892
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004329642
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003618762
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002862105
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.4045E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3413E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.1695E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
53
Sprache Difficult Word Count
47
Dr Grimmett
3. A major oversight mechanism within the EU Code is Operative Provision 8, which requires that a confidential annual report is to be circulated by each EU member state to the other EU states dealing with its defense exports and its own implementation of the Code. These reports are to be discussed at an annual meeting of the member states where the operation of the EU Code is reviewed, and any "improvements" to it can be recommended to the EU Council. Subsequently, a public report is produced based on the submissions of individual EU members. However, the complete details of actual arms exports made by EU states are not set out in this public document, although the published annual reports made pursuant to Operative Provision 8 of the Code do provide values of arms export licenses issued, and values of deliveries made, if available, by the exporting country. A supplier list is also provided, giving a total of sales denials made, but not what specific weapon sale was denied, nor to whom. Individual states are free to give as much or as little detail in their national reports as they choose. Most have taken a minimalist approach. Furthermore, individual states have different arms trade licensing, data collecting and reporting practices, thus calling into question the accuracy of some of the data provided in the annual public report. In the most recent EU annual report on the Code, the Sixth, covering calendar year 2003, categories of military systems are indicated in the data tables. Yet this standardized reporting is still not universal among member states, given the varied export licensing systems and practices individual countries currently employ.\22\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6875
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6875
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.78
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1529206638
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0307952025
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.020324318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0125534876
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.00646341
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0042913256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0011170525
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0008801914
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.33673E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.64178E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.14698E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.4
Gunning-Fog Score
17.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
98
Sprache Difficult Word Count
89
Dr Grimmett
The European Union has published official documents which provide general data regarding the total values of EU member states' arms exports licenses to China. Some countries provide the total values of actual exports. There is no uniformity in this reporting across the membership of the EU. As noted above, these annual reports are made pursuant to Operative Provision 8 of the EU Code. The most recent two reports provide data for calendar years 2002 and 2003 (the Fifth and Sixth reports respectively). What follows are the data from those reports for arms export licenses for China as approved by named EU countries in rank order of their license values, together with the total license values of the European Union as a whole. These data show that despite an embargo on arms trade with China since 1989, because each EU member state can, and has, interpreted the mandate of the embargo differently, some sales of military articles and services have, nonetheless, been made. \23\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.64706
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.64706
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.42139
VADER
0.886
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0126777537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0032424152
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0026634829
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0012575078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.000306917
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001948184
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001592631
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001130158
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.132E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.162E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.099E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.576
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Market and Exchange > Securities
Score:
87
Magnitude:
0.502
Code:
4009003
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04009003
Wikidata_id:
Q169489
Wikidata_label:
security
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.6
Gunning-Fog Score
14.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
57
Sprache Difficult Word Count
49
Dr Grimmett
CY2002: Total value of export licenses approved for China (expressed in Euros): France -- 105,431,246 United Kingdom -- 79,500,000 Italy -- 22,836,976 Austria -- 2,025,925 All European Union countries -- 209,794,157
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.791
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1653412357
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0161862336
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0154531706
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0119813631
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0117422576
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0096334094
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0008203681
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001695242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.30232E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.87958E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.43681E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.247
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Trade Policy
Score:
68
Magnitude:
0.168
Code:
4008033
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008033
Wikidata_id:
Q572564
Wikidata_label:
commercial policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Movies > Film Festival
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.13
Code:
1005001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01005001
Wikidata_id:
Q220505
Wikidata_label:
film festival
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
73.9
Gunning-Fog Score
15.5
Coleman-Liau Index
3.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Dr Grimmett
CY2003: Total value of export licenses approved for China (expressed in Euros): France -- 171,530,641 Italy -- 127,128,192 United Kingdom -- 112,455,000 Czech Republic -- 3,610,819 Germany -- 1,096,261 All European Union countries -- 415,820,913 In the Sixth annual report, made in accordance with Operative Provision 8, the EU for the first time breaks down the export data by EU Common Military List category.\24\ So, for those states whose licensing systems categorize their arms export licenses in detail, it is possible to get a sense of what general types of military equipment are being licensed. These data do not provide information on EU members' transactions involving dual-use equipment and items -- and there is no publicly available official source that provides details on such transactions. This EU report does cover the broad spectrum of military equipment licensed for export by the European Union of EU Common Military List categories. (See Appendix 2 for a detailed descriptive summary of these EU Military List categories.) This descriptive list uses an abbreviation scheme whereby a number is attached to a specific category of military equipment, and this number/category is given in the license data table to indicate the value of licenses granted for sales of that specific category. For example, ML10 is: " `Aircraft,' unmanned airborne vehicles, aero-engines and `aircraft' equipment, related equipment and components, specially designed or modified for military use." -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.41369
VADER
0.859
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.018451763
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0049433675
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0043949774
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.004168637
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0034587847
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003145931
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001213279
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.80327E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.2032E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.1753E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7757E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
106
Sprache Difficult Word Count
81
Dr Grimmett
The United Kingdom provides no detailed breakdown of its licenses in the Sixth report since the way its standard export licenses are valued in its licensing system currently preclude this. The same is true for Italy, and the Czech Republic. However, France and Germany are able to break down the categories of their licenses for purposes of the EU report. The data in the report indicate that the largest share of French license approvals for China in 2003 were in categories ML11 -- electronic military equipment (98.5 million Euros), ML10 -- aircraft and related equipment (45.4 million Euros), and ML15 -- imaging or countermeasure military equipment (24.1 million Euros). In the case of Germany, its largest share of license approvals for China in 2003 were in categories ML14 -- specialized military training equipment or simulators (528 thousand Euros), ML11 -- electronic military equipment (433.1 thousand Euros), and ML21 -- software for items controlled in the EU Common Military List (134.4 million Euros).
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.335
VADER
0.866
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0179433497
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0176736372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0056900863
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0052254858
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0023985784
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005010184
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004745996
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.65746E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.47681E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.61151E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.57375E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.75
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
70
Sprache Difficult Word Count
49
Dr Grimmett
Thus, most of the arms exports authorized for China by EU members have been made by France, the United Kingdom and Italy. The Czech Republic, Austria, and Germany granted substantially smaller valued licence approvals. U.S. Arms Export Control Act retransfer authorities and obligations
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.56495
VADER
0.789
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0928764057
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0134703063
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0115913484
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0049604954
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017057333
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005017055
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004805179
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003622204
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.50863E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.20919E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.3445E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.447
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46
Gunning-Fog Score
9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.7
Automated Readability Index
8.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Dr Grimmett
The Arms Export Control Act (AECA) sets out a number of conditions and obligations that foreign purchasers of U.S. defense articles, services, and military technology must agree to prior to being permitted to purchase such items from the United States. Among these obligations is the signing of an agreement that prohibits, among other things, the subsequent re-transfer of such items to another nation without first receiving the consent of the United States government to do so, by obtaining the express approval of the President of the United States. These re-transfer authorities and obligations are discussed in detail below.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.18958
VADER
0.958
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1762704342
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0395161362
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0185281548
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0133172405
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0061762759
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0046517453
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0026251531
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0025764841
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.73567E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.58091E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.1968E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.177
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
78
Magnitude:
0.137
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
39
Dr Grimmett
Should any nation violate their agreement with the United States, signed at the time U.S. munitions list items are sold, by not obtaining the prior consent of the President before retransferring them, the penalties can be severe. If the country is receiving credits or loan guarantees from the United States in connection with financing a weapons purchase, those credits or loan guarantees can be terminated. Should a non-financed cash purchase be involved, the nation deemed to have violated its agreement with the United States can be made ineligible for future purchases from the U.S. Regardless of whether a sale has been financed or not, any deliveries to the foreign buyer pursuant to previous sales can be terminated.\26\ Under this provision of the Arms Export Control Act, the President has the authority to determine that a violation has occurred and impose a penalty provided for by the AECA as he deems appropriate to the given situation. Any such determination of a violation by the President must be reported to the Congress to take effect. The President is also required to report to Congress "promptly upon the receipt of information" that a section 3 violation "may have occurred." Congress, can, on its own initiative, determine that a section 3 violation has occurred and impose a penalty it deems appropriate by passing and obtaining enactment of a joint resolution to that end. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.26667
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.26667
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.52807
VADER
-0.891
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0543088827
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0424777245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0343704742
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0337570295
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0169054765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0165290505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0015792075
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005289451
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003366559
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002449355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.14698E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.256
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Punishment
Score:
87
Magnitude:
0.223
Code:
2004000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02004000
Wikidata_id:
Q186361
Wikidata_label:
punishment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Crime > Sexual Assault
Score:
82
Magnitude:
0.209
Code:
2001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02001005
Wikidata_id:
Q673281
Wikidata_label:
sexual assault
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.133
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.7
Gunning-Fog Score
15.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
91
Sprache Difficult Word Count
69
Dr Grimmett
The authorities in the Arms Export Control Act noted above are especially pertinent to the question of ensuring that U.S. defense articles and services and the technical information associated with them are not re-transferred to China by EU member states who have purchased or may purchase such items from the United States in the future. Should any EU member state transfer any U.S.-supplied defense articles, services or the technical information associated with them to China, without first obtaining the consent to do so from the President, they would be subjecting themselves to the possible imposition of the penalties discussed above. In this context, the United States has strong, existing, authority to discourage re-transfer of U.S. defense articles, services and technology to China within the existing AECA framework.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.80235
VADER
0.898
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0472684536
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.015610944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0129374472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0098778633
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0042466385
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0028115799
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.00135635
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.00025052
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001710119
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.54788E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.4099E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Computing and Information Technology
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.471
Code:
4003000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04003000
Wikidata_id:
Q179310
Wikidata_label:
computing
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Science and Technology > Technology (General)
Score:
57
Magnitude:
0.271
Code:
13010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13010000
Wikidata_id:
Q11016
Wikidata_label:
technology
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.1
Gunning-Fog Score
15.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
47
Sprache Difficult Word Count
43
Dr Grimmett
The AECA framework, however, does not apply to arms sales to China of indigenously developed and produced military equipment of EU member states. Controls of sales or transfers of that military equipment must be achieved through application of the national arms export control statutes of the individual EU nations, the EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports, or EU regulations regarding arms exports. As matters currently stand a formal EU decision is not expected until May or June 2005. Since the European Council has already stated its "political will to continue to work towards lifting the arms embargo," the prospects of it doing so when the issue is formally addressed are high.\27\ What remains to be set out in detail, should the EU lift the Chinese arms embargo, is what will be the nature and scope of the revised EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports, and the new instrument establishing measures to address EU arms exports to post-embargo countries -- what the EU refers to as the "Toolbox." The details of any such changes to the Code of Conduct or the central elements of the "Toolbox" will not be known until the EU chooses to announce them. Private consultations among EU members on these matters are continuing, but are likely to be completed before final EU action on lifting the arms embargo on China takes place. Should the European Union strengthen the EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports, and utilize effective instruments to prevent worrisome arms exports to China in a post-embargo period, prospects for reaching a successful accommodation in U.S.-EU relations over this issue could be notably enhanced. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.09091
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.09091
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.16705
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.85015
VADER
0.939
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0240075431
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0109189095
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0077714292
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0019637255
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008527686
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0005877195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001656765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001069613
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.45887E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.01476E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.866E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.9
Gunning-Fog Score
16.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
111
Sprache Difficult Word Count
81
Dr Grimmett
CRS Report for Congress -- U.S. Defense Articles and Services Supplied to Foreign Recipients: Restrictions on Their Use SUMMARY In accordance with United States law, the U.S. Government places conditions on the use of defense articles and defense services transferred by it to foreign recipients. Violation of these conditions can lead to the suspension of deliveries or termination of the contracts for such defense items, among other things. On occasion, the President has indicated that such violations by foreign countries "may" have occurred, raising the prospect that termination of deliveries to or imposition of other penalties on such nations might take place. Section 3(a) of the Arms Export Control Act (AECA) sets the general standards for countries or international organizations to be eligible to receive United States defense articles and defense services provided under this act. It also sets express conditions on the uses to which these defense items may be put. Section 4 of the Arms Export Control Act states that U.S. defense articles and defense services shall be sold to friendly countries "solely" for use in "internal security," for use in "legitimate self-defense," to enable the recipient to participate in "regional or collective arrangements or measures consistent with the Charter of the United Nations," to enable the recipient to participate in "collective measures requested by the United Nations for the purpose of maintaining or restoring international peace and security," and to enable the foreign military forces "in less developed countries to construct public works and to engage in other activities helpful to the economic and social development of such friendly countries."
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.44
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.44
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.90287
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4717
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4717
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.00215
VADER
0.985
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0084413587
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.002796266
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.002706592
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0020132249
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.001634617
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
7.33937E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.1955E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
5.148E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.2481E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.439E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.23E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.358
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Labor > Collective Contract
Score:
89
Magnitude:
0.317
Code:
9002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/09002000
Wikidata_id:
Q163887
Wikidata_label:
collective agreement
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Crime
Score:
71
Magnitude:
0.255
Code:
2001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02001000
Wikidata_id:
Q83267
Wikidata_label:
crime
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Demographics > Immigration
Score:
69
Magnitude:
0.248
Code:
14003002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14003002
Wikidata_id:
Q131288
Wikidata_label:
immigration
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Social Issues (General) > Social Services
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.185
Code:
14025004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14025004
Wikidata_id:
Q11588306
Wikidata_label:
social services
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.6
Gunning-Fog Score
18.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
91
Sprache Difficult Word Count
77
Dr Grimmett
In accordance with United States law, the U.S. Government places conditions on the use of defense articles and defense services transferred by it to foreign recipients. Violation of these conditions can lead to the suspension of deliveries or termination of the contracts for such defense items, among other things. On occasion, the President has indicated that such violations by foreign countries "may" have occurred, raising the prospect that termination of deliveries to or imposition of other penalties on such nations might take place. However, since the major revision of U.S. arms export law in 1976, neither the President nor the Congress have actually determined that a "substantial violation" did occur thus necessitating the termination of deliveries or sales or other penalties set out in section 3 of the Arms Export Control Act. This report reviews the pertinent sections of U.S. law governing permissible uses of U.S.-origin defense equipment and services by foreign nations, Presidential and congressional options for dealing with such violations, and illustrative actions previously taken by the United States in response to possible violations.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.88235
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.88235
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.27763
VADER
-0.557
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0267209078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0127048843
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.010669214
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0080870872
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0052759729
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0009533793
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005180061
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001780606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001208505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001091629
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.85827E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Crime
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.512
Code:
2001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02001000
Wikidata_id:
Q83267
Wikidata_label:
crime
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
67
Magnitude:
0.342
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
59
Magnitude:
0.303
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
63
Sprache Difficult Word Count
60
Dr Grimmett
Arms Export Control Act (AECA): Basic Conditions on Use of U.S.- Supplied Defense Articles and Services
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.128
Leans Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0616657082
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0299943844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0076693243
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0023177396
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0009030223
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0008273102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005523212
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003594163
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001705093
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.37922E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.85262E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Interior Policy > Personal Weapon Control
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.159
Code:
11016004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11016004
Wikidata_id:
Q1328508
Wikidata_label:
gun control
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
58
Magnitude:
0.091
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.8
Gunning-Fog Score
2.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
9.9
Automated Readability Index
4.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
2.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Dr Grimmett
The Arms Export Control Act (AECA), as amended, authorizes the transfer by sale or lease of United States origin defense articles and services through the government-to-government foreign military sales (FMS) program or through the licensed commercial sales process.\1\ Section 3(a) of the Arms Export Control Act sets the general standards for countries or international organizations to be eligible to receive United States defense articles and defense services provided under this act. It also sets express conditions on the uses to which these defense items may be put. Section 3(a)(2) of the AECA specifically provides that to be eligible to purchase defense articles and services from the United States: -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.52941
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.52941
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.898
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0402988779
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0153545843
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0096121672
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0060929429
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0033077424
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0015719894
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0009215582
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004083823
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.47614E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.18069E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.68477E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Financial and Business Service
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.248
Code:
4006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04006000
Wikidata_id:
Q837171
Wikidata_label:
financial services
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Interior Policy > Personal Weapon Control
Score:
95
Magnitude:
0.236
Code:
11016004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11016004
Wikidata_id:
Q1328508
Wikidata_label:
gun control
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
81
Magnitude:
0.202
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Note
[November 29, 1999 \3\] shall state that the United States Government retains the right to verify credible reports that such article has been used for a purpose not authorized under section 4 or, if such agreement provides that such article may only be used for purposes more limited than those authorized under section 4, for a purpose not authorized under such agreement. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.86667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.86667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.26868
VADER
0.793
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0018524152
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0016587801
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0013815773
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006961765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0004230165
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0001885713
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001162995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.09684E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.8019E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.0475E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.1216E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Government
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.061
Code:
11006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11006000
Wikidata_id:
Q7188
Wikidata_label:
government
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
9.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Dr Grimmett
It should be stressed that the Arms Export Control Act as amended, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 as amended, and predecessor acts do not define such critical terms as "internal security" and "legitimate self-defense." It remains for the President or the Congress, as the case may be, to define the meaning of such terms as they may apply to the question of a possible violation by a foreign country of an applicable agreement governing the sale of U.S. defense articles or defense services.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.70805
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.336
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0188098493
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.002059351
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0018514103
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0010193359
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.000687469
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004680569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001369438
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.00153E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.22652E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.44352E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.19109E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.579
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.3
Gunning-Fog Score
16.5
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Dr Grimmett
Presidential Report to Congress on Possible Violations. Section 3(c)(2) of the Arms Export Control Act requires the President to report promptly to the Congress upon the receipt of information that a "substantial violation" described in section 3(c)(1) of the AECA "may have occurred." This Presidential report need not reach any conclusion regarding the possible violation or provide any particular data other than that necessary to illustrate that the President has received information indicating a specific country may have engaged in a "substantial violation" of an applicable agreement with the United States that governs the sale of U.S. defense articles or services.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.45199
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.36842
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.36842
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.73089
VADER
-0.303
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0555388338
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0277368556
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0213548061
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0186655248
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0008102517
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007245808
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002686147
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.6254E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.2368E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.869E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.99E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.345
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Crime > Sexual Assault
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.323
Code:
2001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02001005
Wikidata_id:
Q673281
Wikidata_label:
sexual assault
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Interior Policy > Personal Data Collection
Score:
69
Magnitude:
0.237
Code:
11016006
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11016006
Wikidata_id:
Q1999831
Wikidata_label:
privacy policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
51
Magnitude:
0.178
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.3
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Dr Grimmett
Procedures for Making Foreign Countries Ineligible for Receipt of U.S. Defense Articles and Services. Should the President determine and report in writing to Congress or if Congress determines by joint resolution pursuant to section 3(c)(3)(A) of the Arms Export Control Act that a "substantial violation" by a foreign country of an applicable agreement governing an arms sale has occurred, then that country becomes ineligible for further U.S. military sales under the AECA. This action would terminate provision of credits, loan guarantees, cash sales, and deliveries pursuant to previous sales. The President could, under section 3(c)(3)(B) of the AECA, continue to permit "cash sales and deliveries pursuant to previous sales" by certifying in writing to Congress that termination of such sales and deliveries would have a "significant adverse impact on United States security." Such a Presidential waiver could not be invoked, however, if Congress, under section 3(c)(3)(A), had adopted or were to adopt a joint resolution finding that country ineligible. The President retains the prerogative of vetoing any such joint resolution. Congress would then have to override the veto in order to impose its will. Congress also has the option of adopting regular legislation imposing varying degrees of penalties upon any country for violations of the conditions of an applicable agreement regarding use of U.S.-supplied defense equipment. Such legislation would also be subject to the veto process.\4\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.43399
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.22581
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.22581
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.44469
VADER
0.772
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0276873936
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0053137064
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0040475945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.002202941
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001114419
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003995984
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002857907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.000270676
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000226561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001235692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.21665E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.641
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
92
Sprache Difficult Word Count
74
Dr Grimmett
Restoration of Eligibility. Once a country is made ineligible for sales or deliveries under the Arms Export Control Act provisions, it can regain its eligibility only when: (1) Under section 3(c)(4) of the act, the President "determines that the violation has ceased" (the violation which led to the status of ineligibility in the first place), and (2) the country involved "has given assurances satisfactory to the President that such violation will not recur." Alternatively, Congress could pass regular legislation that would exempt the particular country from specific sanctions imposed through AECA procedures, although that legislation would be subject to a Presidential veto.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.45455
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.45455
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8873
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.63599
VADER
-0.681
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0254578597
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0010979133
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009687353
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007204823
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007188125
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003954672
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002253426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001527033
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.87232E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.96491E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.2314E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Laws
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.134
Code:
2006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02006000
Wikidata_id:
Q7748
Wikidata_label:
law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Crime > Sexual Assault
Score:
69
Magnitude:
0.093
Code:
2001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02001005
Wikidata_id:
Q673281
Wikidata_label:
sexual assault
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
62
Magnitude:
0.083
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
13.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Dr Grimmett
Suspension or Cancellation of Contracts and/or Deliveries by the United States. It should be noted that the United States has additional options to prevent transfer of defense articles and services for which valid contracts exist short of finding a foreign country in violation of an applicable agreement with the United States. Authority for suspension of deliveries or defense items or cancellation of military sales contracts is found in sections 2(b), 42(e)(1) and 42(e)(2) of the AECA. Section 2(b) of the Arms Export Control Act permits the Secretary of State, under the President's direction, to, among other things, determine "whether there shall be delivery or other performance" regarding sales or exports under the AECA in order that "the foreign policy of the United States is best served thereby."
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.13549
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.95
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.6844957825
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0320847786
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0047875106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0035152716
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0013597029
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0011781396
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004072047
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001574877
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001195535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.44852E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.6738E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.259
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Interior Policy > Personal Weapon Control
Score:
77
Magnitude:
0.199
Code:
11016004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11016004
Wikidata_id:
Q1328508
Wikidata_label:
gun control
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
48
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
Dr Grimmett
Thus, all government-to-government agreements or licensed commercial contracts for the transfer of defense articles or defense services may be halted, modified, or terminated by the Executive branch should it determine it is appropriate to do so.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.477
Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0232508086
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0070235175
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.00625885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0015391521
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0011905206
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0010773157
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000516209
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.06677E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.07514E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.98951E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.7773E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
10.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Dr Grimmett
Use of this authority does not prejudice the larger question of whether a "substantial violation" of an applicable agreement governing use of U.S. arms did in fact occur. That question can still be answered affirmatively or negatively, or left unanswered, depending on how the President or the Congress chooses to deal with it. To date, the President has never taken the next step and actually determined that a violation did occur thus necessitating the termination of deliveries or sales or other penalties set out in section 3 of the Arms Export Control Act.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.7346
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.26826
VADER
0.171
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.070468022
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0323078042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.027151368
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0148391249
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0055126107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0048302369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0020408463
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002374528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001865137
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.4272E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.15688E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.23
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
73
Magnitude:
0.168
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Interior Policy > Personal Weapon Control
Score:
69
Magnitude:
0.158
Code:
11016004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11016004
Wikidata_id:
Q1328508
Wikidata_label:
gun control
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Punishment
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.119
Code:
2004000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02004000
Wikidata_id:
Q186361
Wikidata_label:
punishment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.6
Gunning-Fog Score
15.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Dr Grimmett
Illustrative Responses of the United States Government to Possible Violations of Agreements on Use of U.S.-Provided Defense Articles
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
0.25
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0628307462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0343032705
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0058461945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0053955697
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0030243398
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0012579432
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006205878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006055885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.28531E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.37447E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.29858E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26.6
Gunning-Fog Score
4.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11
Dr Grimmett
Argentina. On April 30, 1982, Powell A. Moore, Assistant Secretary of State for Congressional Relations, reported to Congress that the President had determined that Argentina -- through its use of U.S.- supplied military equipment in its occupation of the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) on April 2, 1982 -- "may" have substantially violated the applicable agreements with the United States governing use of this equipment. In his April 30 report, Assistant Secretary Moore noted that in light of these circumstances the United States was "suspending until further notice all deliveries to Argentina of defense articles and services for which commitments were made prior to October 1, 1978." Other restrictions on military aid to Argentina were already in place. The Reagan Administration removed the suspension on September 24, 1982.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.43532
VADER
0.753
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1482217805
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0185923796
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0086415552
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0042781849
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0008960087
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005840698
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000565135
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.10908E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.03659E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.28759E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.44435E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.261
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Welfare
Score:
72
Magnitude:
0.188
Code:
14015000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14015000
Wikidata_id:
Q12002092
Wikidata_label:
welfare
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.1
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
50
Sprache Difficult Word Count
46
Dr Grimmett
Israel. Questions raised regarding the use of U.S.-supplied military equipment by Israel in Lebanon in June and July 1982, led the Reagan Administration to determine on July 15, 1982, that Israel "may" have violated its July 23, 1952, Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement with the United States (TIAS 2675). Concerns centered on whether or not Israel had used U.S.-supplied anti-personnel cluster bombs against civilian targets during its military operations in Lebanon and the siege of Beirut.\5\ The pertinent segment of that 1952 agreement between Israel and the United States reads as follows: -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.17647
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.17647
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
0.844
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0518186134
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0093714887
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0066343098
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0055262804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0040573603
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005970567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000213797
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001158945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.9289E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.67478E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.27725E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.405
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.379
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
93
Magnitude:
0.378
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.4
Gunning-Fog Score
9.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
44
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
Dr Grimmett
It should be noted that none of the critical terms such as "internal security," "legitimate self-defense," or "act of aggression" are defined within this 1952 U.S.-Israeli agreement. The House Foreign Affairs Committee held hearings on this issue in July and August 1982. On July 19, 1982, the Reagan Administration announced that it would prohibit new exports of cluster bombs to Israel. This prohibition was lifted by the Reagan Administration in November 1988.\6\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.36772
VADER
0.583
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0167746926
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0139477313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0046099427
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011202231
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000625772
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0005523655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001504479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.24238E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.0737E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.5492E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.463E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.288
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.9
Gunning-Fog Score
9.6
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
6.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Dr Grimmett
In light of the Israeli attack on the Iraqi nuclear reactor on June 7, 1981, Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig, Jr., reported to Congress on June 10, 1981, that the Israeli use of American-supplied military equipment in this raid "may" have constituted a substantial violation of the applicable 1952 U.S.-Israeli agreement. As a consequence -- and pending review of the facts of the case -- the President chose to exercise the authority set forth in sections 2(b) and 42(e)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act to suspend "for the time being" the shipment of four F-16 aircraft that had been scheduled for delivery to Israel. As the result of this decision, the subsequent delivery of 10 F-16 and 2 F-15 aircraft to Israel was also suspended. However, on August 17, 1981, the Reagan Administration lifted its suspension on deliveries to Israel and all of the planes were transferred.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.36772
VADER
-0.751
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0396260788
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0103946652
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0026941334
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0022141541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0018961622
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0013586817
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0010379257
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.01652E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.74796E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.24595E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.64717E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Nuclear Policy
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.315
Code:
11020000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11020000
Wikidata_id:
Q757637
Wikidata_label:
nuclear policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.315
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
95
Magnitude:
0.299
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
66
Magnitude:
0.209
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
9.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
53
Sprache Difficult Word Count
53
Dr Grimmett
On two other occasions -- April 5, 1978, and August 7, 1979 -- the Carter Administration chose to find that the Israelis "may" have violated their 1952 agreement with the United States through the use of American-origin military equipment in operations conducted in Lebanon. However, the U.S. did not suspend or terminate any Israeli arms sales, credits, or deliveries in either of these cases.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.78846
VADER
0.669
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0593249977
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0115202965
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0089771485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0025486885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004333546
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003559676
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.32078E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.3909E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.1167E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.6976E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.336E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.421
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
80
Magnitude:
0.338
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.5
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Dr Grimmett
In two notable instances, questions concerning the improper use by Israel of U.S. weapons were raised, but the President expressly concluded that a violation of the agreement regarding use of U.S. supplied equipment did not occur. On October 1, 1985, Israel used U.S.- supplied aircraft to bomb Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) headquarters in Tunis, Tunisia. The Reagan Administration subsequently stated that the Israeli raid was "understandable as an expression of self-defense," although the bombing itself "cannot be condoned." On July 14, 1976, following the Israeli rescue mission at Entebbe, Uganda in early July 1976, the Department of State declared that Israel's use of U.S.-supplied military equipment during that operation was in accordance with the 1952 U.S.-Israeli agreement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.30435
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.30435
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.60077
VADER
0.542
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.055212836
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0300371961
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0212676547
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0143151308
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0100114594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0096840478
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0015389451
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0014990343
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0010686028
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0008637831
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004920552
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.387
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
92
Magnitude:
0.358
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.1
Gunning-Fog Score
11.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
55
Sprache Difficult Word Count
56
Dr Grimmett
Indonesia and East Timor. Following the military intervention of Indonesia in East Timor on December 7, 1975, the Ford Administration initiated a "policy review" in connection with the U.S. military assistance program with Indonesia. Because of the possible conflict between the Indonesian use of U.S.-origin equipment in East Timor and the provisions of U.S. law and U.S.-Indonesian bilateral agreements, the Ford Administration placed a "hold" on the issuance of new letters of offer (contracts) and Military Assistance Program (MAP) orders to Indonesia. However, military equipment already in the pipeline continued to be delivered to the Indonesians. The "policy review" was completed in late May 1976. Military assistance and sales resumed in July 1976. No formal finding of "substantial violation" of applicable U.S.-Indonesian agreements involving use of U.S.-origin military equipment, conditional or otherwise, was made by the administration or by the Congress.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
-0.402
Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.3621165641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0322593027
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0176129906
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0096319942
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0091761634
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0065486427
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0035042296
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0031760846
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004654414
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004489552
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003000513
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.475
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.263
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Crime
Score:
50
Magnitude:
0.238
Code:
2001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02001000
Wikidata_id:
Q83267
Wikidata_label:
crime
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.4
Gunning-Fog Score
13.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
60
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44
Dr Grimmett
Turkey and the Congressionally-Imposed Embargo. In July 1974, Turkey used U.S.-origin equipment during its intervention on Cyprus. The President and Congress disagreed on whether Turkey had "substantially violated" the applicable 1947 agreement with the United States governing the use of U.S.-supplied military equipment during its Cyprus operations. the President independently suspended the issuance of new Foreign Military Sales credits and guarantees and major new cash sales for Turkey from late July until October 17, 1974. The President did permit routine cash sales of spare parts and components for items already purchased by Turkey during this same period. The Congress imposed an embargo on military sales, credits, assistance, and deliveries to Turkey with the enactment of H.J. Res. 1167 (the Continuing Appropriations Resolution for FY75, P.L. 93-448). However, section 6 of H.J. Res. 1167 gave the President the option to waive the effect of the embargo until December 10, 1974. President Ford exercised this waiver authority on October 17, 1974. On December 10, 1974, the Turkish arms embargo went into effect.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.22378
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.48148
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.48148
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.00552
VADER
0.162
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0111936228
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0033933407
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0017359665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017018434
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006491644
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004236177
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002987356
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002119023
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.67447E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.99107E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.69438E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.343
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
63
Magnitude:
0.215
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.177
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.6
Gunning-Fog Score
10.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.4
Automated Readability Index
5.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
72
Sprache Difficult Word Count
58
Dr Grimmett
Subsequently, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1974, enacted on December 30, 1974, continued the Turkish embargo and made it part of permanent law. Yet it also gave the President the option of temporarily waiving the embargo's effect until February 5, 1975. President Ford used this waiver to suspend the embargo from December 30, 1974, until February 5, 1975, at which time the Turkish embargo was restored. On October 6, 1975, President Ford signed into law P.L. 94-104, which partially lifted the arms embargo on Turkey. Successive statutes modified military aid and sales levels for Turkey while a partial embargo remained in effect. Finally, on September 26, 1978, President Carter signed into law P.L. 95-384, which authorized him to end the arms embargo against Turkey. The President exercised this authority on September 26, 1978. ______
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.45455
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.45455
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8873
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.296
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1027225517
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0102799262
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0081507271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0040244126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0026653379
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0026295404
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0021678286
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0009649042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.47159E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.22157E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.0527E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.324
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
99
Magnitude:
0.321
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
85
Magnitude:
0.276
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
82
Magnitude:
0.265
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Manufacturing and Engineering > Automotive Equipment
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.182
Code:
4011002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04011002
Wikidata_id:
Q190117
Wikidata_label:
automotive industry
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
64
Gunning-Fog Score
10.1
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
5.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
52
Sprache Difficult Word Count
41
Dr Grimmett
CRS Report for Congress -- European Union's Arms Control Regime and Arms Exports to China: Background and Legal Analysis SUMMARY In recent months, discussions have been held within the European Union (EU) on the question of lifting the embargo on arms exports to the People's Republic of China that was imposed on China on June 27, 1989. The prospect that the EU would lift its embargo on arms exports to China has led to a number of on-going discussions between EU member states and the United States government, which strongly opposes such an action at this time on human rights and security issues grounds. Key nations within the European Union, particularly France and Germany, strongly support lifting of the embargo. And, the United Kingdom has advised the Bush Administration that it will also support lifting the embargo when the subject is formally addressed by the EU, most likely during the spring of 2005.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.70805
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.46667
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.46667
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.93827
VADER
0.954
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0261367706
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0089689005
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0025421468
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0021792353
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0017011944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0016618693
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013285479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001013283
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.40101E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.32777E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.29446E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
65
Magnitude:
0.653
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.9
Gunning-Fog Score
18.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
56
Sprache Difficult Word Count
51
Dr Grimmett
The Council of the EU has stated that if the arms embargo on China were to be lifted, that action should not result in either a quantitative or qualitative increase in EU arms exports to China. The United Kingdom has argued that it believes that the European Union's Code of Conduct on Arms Exports, while not legally binding on EU members, with some enhancements, would provide a solid safeguard against worrisome arms exports by EU states to the Chinese in the future.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.456
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0286114169
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0074626507
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0047078374
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0040331419
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0022719949
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0019178711
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004042323
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003336687
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001905593
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.1653E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.20634E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.76
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Dr Grimmett
The President and senior members of the Bush Administration have lobbied the European Union to keep the arms embargo on China in place. Many Members of Congress share the Bush Administration's concerns about an end to the EU arms embargo. On February 2, 2005, the House of Representatives passed H. Res. 57, a resolution strongly urging the EU not to lift the embargo, by a vote of 411-3. Other Congressional actions on the issue may be taken.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.511
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0142808698
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0074823394
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0031736596
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0020667328
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0020419344
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0012705471
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011261153
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006810232
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003898465
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003013158
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.55036E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.242
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
96
Magnitude:
0.232
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.135
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Election
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.131
Code:
11003000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11003000
Wikidata_id:
Q40231
Wikidata_label:
public election
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
60.2
Gunning-Fog Score
8.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.2
SMOG Index
11.7
Automated Readability Index
5.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Dr Grimmett
This report provides detailed background and legal analysis of the nature of the current European Union embargo on arms exports to China. It also provides detailed background on the European Union's current Code of Conduct on Arms Exports. A strengthened version of the Code would be one of the control mechanisms that would remain should the EU lift the embargo on arms exports to China. This report also gives information on recent EU arms exports authorized for China. It further summarizes U.S. concerns regarding the lifting of the arms embargo, and notes the prospective timing of EU action on the embargo issue. This report may be updated should events warrant.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.511
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0219485344
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0079123252
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0035928184
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013531485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0011309562
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0004461953
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003905469
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001783929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.26298E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.92918E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.23567E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.627
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.3
Gunning-Fog Score
10.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.6
Automated Readability Index
8.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
45
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Dr Grimmett
In recent months, discussions have been held within the European Union (EU) on the question of lifting the embargo on arms exports to the People's Republic of China that was imposed on China on June 27, 1989. Following the lead of the United States, the European Union took this action in the wake of the June 4, 1989 crackdown on Chinese citizens by the Chinese military in Tiananmen Square in Beijing and the serious infringement of human rights in China that followed. The prospect that the EU would lift its embargo on arms exports to China has led to a number of on-going discussions between EU member states and the United States. The United States government continues to maintain its own arms embargo against China and the U.S. strongly opposes lifting the EU embargo at this time on human rights and security issues grounds. Key nations within the European Union, particularly France and Germany, strongly support lifting of the embargo. And, the United Kingdom has advised the Bush Administration that it will also support lifting the embargo when the subject is formally addressed by the EU, most likely during the early spring of 2005. All 25 members of the EU must agree before the arms embargo can be lifted.\1\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.84615
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.84615
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.12026
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.52381
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.52381
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.966
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0176855043
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0035578436
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0028859844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0015701165
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004761882
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004144254
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001968929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001027521
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.98321E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.61736E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.8317E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.8
Gunning-Fog Score
12.8
Coleman-Liau Index
11.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
71
Sprache Difficult Word Count
56
Dr Grimmett
The Chinese have been seeking a lifting of the arms embargo arguing that it is discriminatory. They note that other nations deemed pariahs, such as Sudan or North Korea, do not have such an embargo imposed on them. The Chinese also view lifting of the embargo as an important symbolic political act by the EU, as they see the embargo as a Cold War era relic, and thus an impediment to better relations with European Union members. France, Germany, and other EU members claim the embargo hinders stronger EU political and economic relations with China. After their December 16 and 17, 2004 meeting, EU leaders pledged to address lifting the embargo.\2\ The Council of the EU noted that if the arms embargo on China were to be lifted, that action should not result in either a quantitative or qualitative increase in EU arms exports to China.\3\ The United Kingdom has argued that it believes that the European Union's Code of Conduct on Arms Exports, while not legally binding, would, with some enhancements, provide a solid safeguard against worrisome arms exports by EU states to the Chinese in the future.\4\ Meanwhile, as the President and Bush Administration officials have lobbied the European Union to keep the arms embargo on China in place, many in Congress have also expressed strong concerns and support for that position. On February 2, 2005, the House of Representatives passed H. Res. 57, a resolution strongly urging the EU not to lift the embargo, by a vote of 411-3. Other Congressional actions on the issue may be taken. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.57895
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.57895
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.23676
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.30435
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.30435
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.60077
VADER
0.848
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0444632518
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.010955162
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0095427844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0018671482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006917668
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003462524
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002697151
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002495159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.81705E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.44709E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.54799E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy > Summit
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11002001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002001
Wikidata_id:
Q1072326
Wikidata_label:
summit
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51
Gunning-Fog Score
13.4
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
102
Sprache Difficult Word Count
83
Dr Grimmett
This report provides detailed background on the nature and history of the current European Union embargo on arms exports to China. It also provides detailed background on the European Union's current Code of Conduct on Arms Exports. The EU plans on issuing a strengthened Code, which would be one of the control mechanisms that would remain should the EU lift the embargo on arms exports to China. This report also gives information on the level of recent EU arms exports authorized for China. It further summarizes U.S. concerns regarding the lifting of the arms embargo, and notes the prospective timing of EU action on the embargo issue.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0795354659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0524311909
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0194416032
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0178969931
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0140943273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0036792164
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0029131405
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0023236598
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0009559557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006872481
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004145993
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.776
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.7
Gunning-Fog Score
10.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.6
Automated Readability Index
9.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Dr Grimmett
General Background on European Union Embargoes
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.3776823403
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0813389488
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0610465184
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0564859889
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0245651754
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0135882845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0053233885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.001946611
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.00111732
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002686147
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.30479E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
2.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5
Dr Grimmett
Arms embargoes fall within the sanctions or restrictive measures imposed by the European Union against third countries. In general, EU embargoes are either adopted to implement U.N. Security Council resolutions acting under Chapter VII, or are "autonomous." In the latter case, embargoes are legally founded in a specific provision of the treaties establishing the European Union. EU members have full jurisdiction to decide on imposing arms trade restrictions.\5\ Prior to 1992, decisions on embargoes were made by the member states through an informal political process, the so-called European Political Cooperation.\6\ In several instances, member states convened as a body, the European Council, adopted declarations to impose embargoes.\7\ Within such a context, the embargo on China was imposed in 1989, by the then twelve members of the European community, the EU's precursor. The objective was to introduce arms trade restrictions against the regime in China in reaction to the killing of demonstrators in Tiananmen Square. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.66329
VADER
-0.7
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.2473626519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0345880806
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.022062994
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0166839585
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0132819972
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0069525289
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0018101797
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005606055
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004728607
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003060749
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.67348E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.394
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.9
Gunning-Fog Score
15.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
69
Sprache Difficult Word Count
58
Dr Grimmett
The introduction of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) by the Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty), effective in November 1993, altered the procedural basis for EU embargoes. Decisions to impose an embargo still require unanimity among EU member states, but such decisions are now based on Common Positions, rather than declarations.\8\ Often, implementing regulations are also adopted. Members are required to conform with the provisions or regulations and Common Positions. Both instruments contain a detailed description of the type of material covered as well as the terms and conditions of implementation by the member states. Arms embargoes are also subject to EU standards on arms exports, such as the 1998 Code of Conduct on Arms Exports (hereafter the EU Code). Consequently, in the implementation of the arms embargo on China, EU members are expected not only to abide by the restrictions on arms trade on China but also with the EU requirements on arms exports. Ultimately, what a given embargo entails may be viewed differently by different member states. And, as a political statement by the European Union, the EU Code on Arms Exports is not legally binding on the EU member states. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.61904
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.80235
VADER
0.561
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1587499399
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0519774796
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0239310102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0138331758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0035476012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0028459341
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0018902781
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0017235501
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001279644
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0011443268
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0009092511
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > International (Foreign) Trade
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.532
Code:
4008011
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008011
Wikidata_id:
Q178803
Wikidata_label:
international trade
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.1
Gunning-Fog Score
15.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
83
Sprache Difficult Word Count
66
Dr Grimmett
On June 27, 1989 the European Council, convened in Madrid, agreed to impose an arms embargo on China. The entire text of the embargo, which is in the form of a political declaration, is rather brief. In the first two paragraphs, it condemns the repression in China and requests that the Chinese authorities cease executions and respect human rights. The fourth paragraph contains the measures agreed by the members states. These include the suspension of military cooperation and high-level contacts, reduction of cultural, scientific and technical cooperation programs and prolongation of visas to Chinese students. The specific wording of the arms restrictions on China calls for: ". . . interruption by the Member States of the Community of military cooperation and an embargo on trade in arms with China." \9\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.83321
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.22222
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.22222
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.42744
VADER
-0.511
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0021028209
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0010103612
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0008113079
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003262938
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001986455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001930906
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001574875
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0001420208
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.10137E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.26758E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.9138E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
50
Magnitude:
0.502
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.5
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
51
Sprache Difficult Word Count
51
Dr Grimmett
The declaration does not clarify the meaning of the term "military cooperation" nor does it contain a list of arms that come within the scope of the phrase "trade in arms." Neither does it contain exceptions or review clauses. By contrast, other EU embargoes imposed later in the CFSP context are more elaborate and specific in their scope and coverage. For instance, the Burma/Myanmar embargo, which was first adopted in 1991, has been updated and revised a number of times due to the lack of progress in democratization and continuous violation of human rights, and appears as a Common Position, which is binding. It contains, inter alia, a ban on technical assistance related to military activities and the provision, maintenance and use of weapons and ammunition, paramilitary equipment and spare parts.\10\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.48808
VADER
-0.848
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.1055094064
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0033781202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0025735815
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0019306468
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0018591401
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006344455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002801484
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.60231E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.18099E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.97747E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.13659E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.935
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.7
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
55
Sprache Difficult Word Count
57
Dr Grimmett
The arms embargo against China has not been interpreted uniformly by the EU members since it was imposed. This has been attributed to several factors, including lack of specificity in the political declaration, absence of a legally binding document, such as a Common Position, as is the case with subsequent embargoes imposed on other countries and, more importantly, the existing loopholes and weak points in the EU arms control system. For instance, the UK interpreted the embargo in a narrow manner, as to include the following items: lethal weapons such as machine guns, large-caliber weapons, bombs, torpedoes and missiles; specially designed components of the above, and ammunition; military aircraft and helicopters, vessels of war, armored fighting vehicles and other weapons platforms; and equipment which might be used for internal repression.\11\ The French have interpreted the embargo similarly.\12\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.64663
VADER
-0.951
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.2488091355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0504168682
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0028801445
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0018583107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011434312
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0008834207
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003335758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001464532
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.00194E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.64383E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.49259E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
58
Sprache Difficult Word Count
59
Dr Grimmett
Since 1989, European non-governmental organizations have reported that the embargo on China has been bypassed by several EU members and has been reduced to a mere "symbolic instrument." \13\ One arms trade expert with the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) of Sweden has stated that "many European licenses for the arms trade are actually issued for material which, on paper, can be used for civilian purposes; what is known as `dual usage' . . . The embargo has actually been circumvented in this way for years." \14\ Amnesty International in its 2004 report, Undermining Global Security: the European Union Arms Exports, contains several examples of EU members that have made exports to China within the framework of the existing arms embargo.\15\ For instance, the United Kingdom exported components for Chinese military aero engines as well as technology, software and related systems for weapons platforms; an Italian joint venture company was involved in the manufacture of vehicles reportedly used as mobile execution chambers in China. In addition, the German Deutz AG diesel engines were incorporated into armored personnel carriers that were transferred to China.\16\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.64706
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.64706
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.42139
VADER
0.66
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0158831463
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0134123227
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0042419029
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0033651271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013766939
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001054813
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.5213E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.79778E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.83644E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.1529E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3711E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > International (Foreign) Trade
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.94
Code:
4008011
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008011
Wikidata_id:
Q178803
Wikidata_label:
international trade
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
25.2
Gunning-Fog Score
17.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
83
Sprache Difficult Word Count
83
Dr Grimmett
To place in context any potential actions European Union members may take with respect to the Chinese arms embargo, it is important to understand the general EU regime on arms export controls. The following EU instruments apply to arms embargoes and arms exports in general: (1) the 1998 European Code of Conduct on Arms Exports, a non-binding instrument, which lays down minimum standards to be applied on export licenses \17\; (2) Regulation (EC) No 1334/2000 setting up a Community Regime for the Control of Exports of dual-use items and technology \18\; and (3) Common Position 2003/468/CFSP on the Control of Arms Brokering.\19\ The EU Code of Conduct, analyzed in detail below, establishes eight criteria to be applied by EU members on the exports of conventional arms, including software and technology.\20\ A Common List of Military Equipment was agreed upon in 2000 and updated recently.\21\ In general, arms embargoes, unless specific guidance is otherwise provided, cover at least all the items included in the Common List.\22\ Regulation No. 1334/2000 as amended (whose scope extends to any items that could be used for civilian and military purposes) is directly applicable to the member states. Under its provisions, member states grant authorizations for exports, called Community General Export Authorization (CGE) of dual-use items. Such authorizations are valid throughout the Community, subject to certain specific cases for which consultation is needed among EU members prior to granting or denying an authorization. The items and technology listed in Annexes I, H and IV of the Regulation are based on the lists prepared by the international export control regimes. The Regulation includes a "catch-all" clause which allows controls on goods not included in the Annex of the Regulation. Under this clause, EU members have the discretion to impose or not to impose controls on exports and technology not listed in the Regulation. The objective of Common Position, 2003/468/CFSP, is to control arms brokering \23\ in order to prevent circumvention of U.N., EU, or Organization for Security and Co- Operation in Europe (OCSE) embargoes on arms exports and the criteria established in the EU Code. Under its provisions, Member states are urged to put in place legal norms for lawful brokering activities, including obtaining a written authorization prior to engaging in arms brokering and to keep records for at least 10 years.\24\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.22378
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.78723
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.78723
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.04476
VADER
0.901
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0407645595
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0140733246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0032304091
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0019605166
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0019370444
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0014436068
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013933867
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003677144
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000355057
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.28673E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.64124E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.4
Gunning-Fog Score
15.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
175
Sprache Difficult Word Count
109
Dr Grimmett
The European Union (EU) Code of Conduct on Arms Exports was adopted on June 8, 1998, during the Presidency of the United Kingdom.\25\ The EU Code sets up eight criteria for the export of conventional arms and a denial notification procedure obligating EU member states to consult on possible undercutting arms sales one EU state might make even though another EU state has chosen not to make a comparable arms export. Under this procedure, member states are required to transmit through diplomatic channels information on licenses refused and reasons for the denial. Thus, before a member state authorizes a license which has been refused by another member state for the same transaction, it is necessary to consult the state that rejected the license in the first place. If the member state decides to issue the license, it must inform the state that refused to grant authorization.\26\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.55556
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.29412
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.29412
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.57054
VADER
-0.557
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0802864728
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0733991736
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0322842185
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0175214838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.017297946
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0119161108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.005704935
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0011550188
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000351796
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003350951
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.59631E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.68
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.2
Gunning-Fog Score
17.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
52
Sprache Difficult Word Count
43
Dr Grimmett
The EU Code's eight criteria, which are to be utilized by EU members when reviewing license requests and making decisions whether or not to make an arms export, can be briefly summarized as follows: (1) Consistency of export with the exporter's international commitments arising from U.N., EU, or OSCE arms embargoes; (2) Risk that export would be used for internal repression or where the recipient country has engaged in serious violations of human rights; (3) Risk that export would provoke or prolong armed conflicts; (4) Risk of recipient using export to undermine regional peace and security; (5) Effect of export on defense and national security interests of friends and allies; (6) Commitment of purchaser to fight terrorism and uphold international law; (7) Risk of diversion to third parties or to a terrorist organization; (8) Risk that export would undermine the sustainable development of the recipient country. It is important to emphasize that these eight criteria, and the EU Code on Arms Exports in its entirety, are political statements by the European Union, and not legally binding on the member states of the EU, although the Code is supposed to represent a moral imperative that EU member states are expected to uphold and enforce. Nevertheless, no matter how strong the language of purpose and intent contained in the Code's eight Criteria is, the 12 Operative Provisions of the EU Code -- the sections of the Code which set out the manner in which the Code is to be carried out -- contain significant loopholes which militate against it being a strong regime, in its current form, for the control of conventional arms exports from EU member states. This circumstance is illustrated by the following examples:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.84615
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.84615
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.12026
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.06635
VADER
-0.792
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0020798099
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0016572529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0004501535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0002742239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001416785
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001156286
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
7.629E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.91706E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.85894E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.66229E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.06556E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Parties and Movements
Score:
59
Magnitude:
0.593
Code:
11010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11010000
Wikidata_id:
Q7278
Wikidata_label:
political party
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.549
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.549
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.555
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
116
Sprache Difficult Word Count
95
Dr Grimmett
1. While each EU member state is to review export license applications made to it on a "case-by-case basis" against the eight specific criteria in the EU Code, Operative Provision 3 of the Code expressly states that "The decision to transfer or deny the transfer of any item of military equipment will remain at the national discretion of each Member State." Thus, each EU member state is free to make an arms sale based on its own determination regarding whether it is appropriate or not.\27\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.557
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0355598429
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0105456216
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0073351519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0065992965
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0044613716
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.001483319
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0014545975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0009025668
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001328575
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001275965
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.88382E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.8
Gunning-Fog Score
14.7
Coleman-Liau Index
10.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Dr Grimmett
2. Operative Provision 10 provides additional guidance to member states in application of the EU Code. It states: "It is recognized that Member States, where appropriate, may also take into account the effect of proposed exports on their economic, social, commercial and industrial interests, but that these factors will not affect the application of the above criteria." A literal reading of that sentence could mean that those who adopted the EU Code recognized that national economic or commercial interests would weigh importantly in the decision-making process regarding any given arms sale, and may even trump the larger stated EU-wide interest in restricting problematic arms exports. Yet in the same sentence the provision effectively states that while national economic self-interest may compel a member state to sell, that state is expected not to do so to remain true to the principles of the EU Code.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.41369
VADER
0.912
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0084637897
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0074797994
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0023386277
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0019863635
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012561725
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007464102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.81266E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.41964E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.53027E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.2006E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.5129E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
53
Sprache Difficult Word Count
47
Dr Grimmett
3. A major oversight mechanism within the EU Code is Operative Provision 8, which requires that a confidential annual report is to be circulated by each EU member state to the other EU states dealing with its defense exports and its own implementation of the Code. These reports are to be discussed at an annual meeting of the member states where the operation of the EU Code is reviewed, and any "improvements" to it can be recommended to the EU Council. Subsequently, a public report is produced based on the submissions of individual EU members. However, the complete details of actual arms exports made by EU states are not set out in this public document, although the published annual reports made pursuant to Operative Provision 8 of the Code do provide values of arms export licenses issued, and values of deliveries made, if available, by the exporting country. A supplier list is also provided, giving a total of sales denials made, but not what specific weapon sale was denied, nor to whom. Individual states are free to give as much or as little detail in their national reports as they choose. Most have taken a minimalist approach. Furthermore, individual states have different arms trade licensing, data collecting and reporting practices, thus calling into question the accuracy of some of the data provided in the annual public report. In the most recent EU annual report on the Code, the Sixth, covering calendar year 2003, categories of military systems are indicated in the data tables. Yet this standardized reporting is still not universal among member states, given the varied export licensing systems and practices individual countries currently employ.\28\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6875
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6875
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.78
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
1.1889338493
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0752482913
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0500799215
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0049225935
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0016112668
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009486902
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005956338
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005197648
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001745936
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.27378E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.86832E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.4
Gunning-Fog Score
17.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
98
Sprache Difficult Word Count
89
Dr Grimmett
CY2002: Total value of export licenses approved for China (expressed in Euros): France -- 105,431,246 United Kingdom -- 79,500,000 Italy -- 22,836,976 Austria -- 2,025,925 All European Union countries -- 209,794,157
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.791
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0707744155
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0386366446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0228993478
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0086429973
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0045734807
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0038956812
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006714171
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004310049
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001146122
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.69273E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.82362E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.247
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Trade Policy
Score:
68
Magnitude:
0.168
Code:
4008033
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008033
Wikidata_id:
Q572564
Wikidata_label:
commercial policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Movies > Film Festival
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.13
Code:
1005001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01005001
Wikidata_id:
Q220505
Wikidata_label:
film festival
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
73.9
Gunning-Fog Score
15.5
Coleman-Liau Index
3.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Dr Grimmett
CY2003: Total value of export licenses approved for China (expressed in Euros): France -- 171,530,641 Italy -- 127,128,192 United Kingdom -- 112,455,000 Czech Republic -- 3,610,819 Germany -- 1,096,261 All European Union countries -- 415,820,913 In the Sixth annual report, made in accordance with Operative Provision 8, the EU for the first time breaks down the export data by EU Common Military List category.\30\ So, for those states whose licensing systems categorize their arms export licenses in detail, it is possible to get a sense of what general types of military equipment are being licensed. These data do not provide information on EU members' transactions involving dual-use equipment and items -- and there is no publicly available official source that provides details on such transactions. This EU report does cover the broad spectrum of military equipment licensed for export by the European Union of EU Common Military List categories. See Appendix 2 for a detailed descriptive summary of these EU Military List categories. This descriptive list uses an abbreviation scheme whereby a number is attached to a specific category of military equipment, and this number/category is given in the license data table to indicate the value of licenses granted for sales of that specific category. For example, ML10 is: "Aircraft," unmanned airborne vehicles, aero-engines and "aircraft" equipment, related equipment and components, specially designed or modified for military use. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.41369
VADER
0.859
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0497229164
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0083881016
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0058764002
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0030667346
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0021363667
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0016197557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005010318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003115324
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0002160139
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001412179
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.46416E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
27.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
106
Sprache Difficult Word Count
80
Dr Grimmett
The United Kingdom provides no detailed breakdown of its licenses in the Sixth report since the way its standard export licenses are valued in its licensing system currently preclude this. The same is true for Italy, and the Czech Republic. However, France and Germany are able to break down the categories of their licenses for purposes of the EU report. The data in the report indicate that the largest share of French license approvals for China in 2003 were in categories ML11 -- electronic military equipment (98.5 million Euros), ML10 -- aircraft and related equipment (45.4 million Euros), and ML15 -- imaging or countermeasure military equipment (24.1 million Euros). In the case of Germany, its largest share of license approvals for China in 2003 were in categories ML14 -- specialized military training equipment or simulators (528 thousand Euros), ML11 -- electronic military equipment (433.1 thousand Euros), and ML21 -- software for items controlled in the EU Common Military List (134.4 million Euros).
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.335
VADER
0.866
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0159484334
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.011552903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0055844066
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0050590897
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.001557522
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000684307
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.79437E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.55104E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.79873E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.14789E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.6175E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.75
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
70
Sprache Difficult Word Count
49
Dr Grimmett
Thus, most of the arms exports authorized for China by EU members have been made by France, the United Kingdom and Italy. The Czech Republic, Austria, and Germany granted substantially smaller valued licence approvals.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.789
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0434820919
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0434007001
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0112755435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0059620903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0057191846
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0043196564
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0032692817
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.93049E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.85535E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.72204E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.69917E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.235
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.8
Gunning-Fog Score
10.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Dr Grimmett
United States Concerns
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.1293160487
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0957122073
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0094575815
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.008033192
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0039306211
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0036105244
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0014576052
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.68278E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.56532E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.45935E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.01068E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.6
Gunning-Fog Score
1.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
11.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3
Dr Grimmett
As the European Union has moved towards lifting the existing embargo on arms exports to China in recent months, significant emphasis has been placed by some EU members on the proposition that the European Union's Code of Conduct on Arms Exports, with additional modifications, would be a more effective control device than the existing embargo on arms exports to China. At the same time, some EU members have argued that ending the existing arms embargo on China would acknowledge that some progress has been made in China since the 1989 Tiananmen Square actions that originally led to the embargo. The U.S. Government, however, remains skeptical that a strengthened EU Code would provide an effective deterrent to increased arms sales to China.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.36772
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
0.88
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0501437346
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0020147054
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0020100209
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017412522
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0011843591
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005938562
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003038239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002474767
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001781683
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001409404
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.8077E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.829
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.6
Gunning-Fog Score
17
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
44
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
Dr Grimmett
The United States' objections to the lifting of the European Union's arms embargo on China center on three major concerns. First, the United States is concerned that China would use EU member state weapons or weapons technology to enhance the capability of China's military by providing them with items they could not obtain elsewhere, including from their principal arms supplier, Russia, or from other non-EU suppliers, such as Israel. Such items could include electronic warfare equipment, command and control systems and technology, advanced communications equipment, radar, sonar, avionics, and fire control systems. Advanced air-to-sea and air-to-ground missiles might also be obtained. A number of the above items could contain advanced, state-of- the-art technology which could be used to upgrade existing Chinese air and naval weapons systems. Should China obtain high technology items such as these from EU sources, the United States military operating in Asia could face a notably increased threat from the Chinese military as they conduct their operations in areas close to China and to Taiwan, a capability China has been pursuing in recent years. Second, the United States is concerned that through EU arms exports, China could secure sufficient enhancement of its military equipment and capabilities that it could be emboldened to seriously threaten Taiwan in its continuing dispute over Taiwan's political status. Such an event could increase Sino-U.S. tensions and increase the prospects of a military confrontation between the two countries. Third, the United States believes that China has not seriously addressed the human rights violations against its own people since the 1989 Tiananmen Square events, and therefore, the arms embargo should not be lifted until significant steps to improve human rights in China have taken place.\31\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.4
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.4
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.80235
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.53191
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.53191
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.15497
VADER
0.341
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0013437289
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
8.91891E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.8523E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
8.47927E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
2.04994E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
9.4015E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.3869E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.938E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.595E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.348E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.146E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
83
Magnitude:
0.826
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.532
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.6
Gunning-Fog Score
15.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
117
Sprache Difficult Word Count
93
Dr Grimmett
The President and senior Bush Administration officials have made such arguments to the European Union membership. During Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice's European trip in February 2005, Secretary Rice stated, on February 9, that with respect to the arms embargo, that "human rights concerns need to be taken into consideration in any decision that was tied to Tiananmen," noting that the status of the 2,000 Tiananmen prisoners had not been resolved. She added that she had "made clear our concerns about the military balance, the fact that there are still American forces in that region, and about the need to be concerned about the transfer of technology that might endanger in some way that very delicate military balance." \32\ The U.S. House of Representatives had earlier raised such concerns through passage of H. Res. 57 on February 2, 2005, in which the House strongly urged the EU not to lift the arms embargo on China. During his European trip, on February 22, 2005, President Bush noted that "[T]here is deep concern that a transfer of weapons [to EU states] would be a transfer of technology to China, which would change the balance of relations between China and Taiwan. . . ." The President stated that European leaders had informed him that they could develop a "protocol" that could address U.S. concerns. He added . . . "whether they can or not, we'll see." The President also said that when the Europeans settled on the new code of conduct, they would have to "sell it to the United States Congress." \33\ Senator Richard Lugar, Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, in a press interview noted the implications of not addressing Congressional concerns on the issue, reportedly stating: "The technology the U.S. shares with European allies could be in jeopardy if allies were sharing that through these commercial sales with the Chinese." He further said that if the lifting of the EU arms embargo on China resulted in such a diversion, he would support restrictions on sales of American arms technologies to Europe.\34\ -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.88707
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.37931
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.37931
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.76913
VADER
0.677
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0165379897
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0099417353
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0048319231
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0036506241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010259716
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0009855946
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006182745
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005645193
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003970903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.46119E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.8721E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.98
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > International (Foreign) Trade
Score:
87
Magnitude:
0.857
Code:
4008011
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008011
Wikidata_id:
Q178803
Wikidata_label:
international trade
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
74
Magnitude:
0.724
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
69
Magnitude:
0.674
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
64
Magnitude:
0.63
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > War
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.528
Code:
16009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16009000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54.8
Gunning-Fog Score
10.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
121
Sprache Difficult Word Count
95
Dr Grimmett
Based on the directive given to the Luxembourg Presidency of the EU during the European Council meetings on December 16 and 17, 2004, the EU expects to review a report on the issue of lifting the Chinese arms embargo during the first half of 2005, and could address the matter as early as March 2005 at the meeting of the European Council scheduled for that month. A formal EU decision is not expected until May or June 2005. Since the European Council has already stated its "political will to continue to work towards lifting the arms embargo," the prospects of it doing so when the issue is formally addressed are high.\35\ What is not clear, should the EU lift the Chinese arms embargo, is what will be the nature and scope of "the revised Code of Conduct, and the new instrument on measures pertaining to arms exports to post-embargo countries" -- what is referred to by the EU as the "Toolbox." The details of any such changes to the Code of Conduct will not be known until the EU announces them. Internal consultations among EU members on this question are continuing. What is reasonably clear is that the issue of lifting the EU embargo on Chinese arms has become a contentious issue in U.S-EU relations and could have important implications for future cooperation between the U.S. and EU member states in the military sphere, if the U.S. becomes convinced that military technology shared with EU nations could end up being transferred to China in a post-embargo period. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.94444
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.88707
VADER
0.798
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0355065073
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0272687059
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0110284374
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0030335459
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016631566
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006393909
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003660532
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0003132528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.14881E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.63948E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.28507E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy > Summit
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.817
Code:
11002001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002001
Wikidata_id:
Q1072326
Wikidata_label:
summit
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.768
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
84
Sprache Difficult Word Count
68
Dr Grimmett
Adopted on 8 June 1998 by Council of the European Union.\36\
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0343593507
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0096996941
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0036257163
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0031636755
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018644863
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0003216858
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002719926
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001214888
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.51337E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.28428E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.72678E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Social Issue > Family > Adoption
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.297
Code:
14006002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14006002
Wikidata_id:
Q180472
Wikidata_label:
adoption
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Movies > Film Festival
Score:
64
Magnitude:
0.189
Code:
1005001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01005001
Wikidata_id:
Q220505
Wikidata_label:
film festival
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
2.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
87.9
Gunning-Fog Score
2.4
Coleman-Liau Index
3.8
SMOG Index
10.3
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Dr Grimmett
BUILDING on the Common Criteria agreed at the Luxembourg and Lisbon European Councils in 1991 and 1992, -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.273
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0105871033
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0063848012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0052428462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0036881778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0035066263
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0030228233
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008874976
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.26404E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.88341E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.68443E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.77572E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Culture (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.071
Code:
1022000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01022000
Wikidata_id:
Q11042
Wikidata_label:
culture
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics
Score:
79
Magnitude:
0.056
Code:
11000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11000000
Wikidata_id:
Q7163
Wikidata_label:
politics
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue
Score:
74
Magnitude:
0.053
Code:
14000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14000000
Wikidata_id:
Q8425
Wikidata_label:
society
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.2
Gunning-Fog Score
6.8
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Dr Grimmett
RECOGNIZING the special responsibility of arms exporting states,
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.402
Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0558065658
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.015805538
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0079035402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.002212704
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0014544408
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001871075
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.73322E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.3704E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.834E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.959E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.53E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.121
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
77
Magnitude:
0.094
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4
Dr Grimmett
DETERMINED to set high common standards which should be regarded as the minimum for the management of, and restraint in, conventional arms transfers by all Member States, and to strengthen the exchange of relevant information with a view to achieving greater transparency,
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0.787
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0100415666
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0070447815
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.005034549
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0024328854
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.002187994
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013210458
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.001284781
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003987734
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003657946
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.6237E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.59765E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.056
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Dr Grimmett
DETERMINED to prevent the export of equipment which might be used for internal repression or international aggression or contribute to regional instability,
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.33647
VADER
-0.145
Leans Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.7217986975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.009720018
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0051458206
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0042510503
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0016645339
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012920857
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.79385E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.24023E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.92742E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.6699E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.874E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.18
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Dr Grimmett
WISHING within the framework of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) to reinforce cooperation and to promote convergence in the field of conventional arms exports,
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.767
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0067606234
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0058585567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0041822066
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0035471348
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0035095301
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0020108933
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002317241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001750847
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.68171E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.3315E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.781E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.091
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy > International Relations
Score:
89
Magnitude:
0.081
Code:
11002002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002002
Wikidata_id:
Q166542
Wikidata_label:
international relations
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.051
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
21
Gunning-Fog Score
16.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Dr Grimmett
NOTING complementary measures taken against illicit transfers, in the form of the EU Programme for Preventing and Combating Illicit Trafficking in Conventional Arms,
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
-0.026
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0351760566
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0189399492
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0012998064
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0005362233
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003747428
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001372628
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001180764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
4.20004E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.09132E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.06225E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.2153E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Crime > Drug Trafficking
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.07
Code:
2001004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02001004
Wikidata_id:
Q844924
Wikidata_label:
drug trafficking
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
93
Magnitude:
0.065
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
10.6
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Dr Grimmett
ACKNOWLEDGING the wish of Member States to maintain a defence industry as part of their industrial base as well as their defence effort,
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.681
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0579145679
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0164789613
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0028327418
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0019637537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.001602052
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0008645017
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004507545
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001712095
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001484063
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.34401E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.64933E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Sport > Soccer
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.165
Code:
15054000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15054000
Wikidata_id:
Q2736
Wikidata_label:
association football
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.1
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Dr Grimmett
RECOGNIZING that States have a right to transfer the means of self- defence, consistent with the right of self-defence recognized by the UN Charter,
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.103
Leans Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.4093169235
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1867540297
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0634684111
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0583838613
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0475385285
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0270503398
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0191446103
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008304627
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003018796
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001503934
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.24463E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Sport > Soccer
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.114
Code:
15054000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15054000
Wikidata_id:
Q2736
Wikidata_label:
association football
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.063
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.6
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Dr Grimmett
HAS DRAWN UP the following Code of Conduct together with Operative Provisions:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.27698786
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.2389329253
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.1071930979
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0606125395
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.034513307
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0075958043
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0037709953
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001316172
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.21794E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.48569E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.1186E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.6
Gunning-Fog Score
11.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
2.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Dr Grimmett
Respect for the international commitments of Member States, in particular the sanctions decreed by the UN Security Council and those decreed by the Community, agreements on non-proliferation and other subjects, as well as other international obligations.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.848
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0161642092
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0088185523
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0085498577
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0040072631
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0020348025
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0011049866
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006586789
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.09507E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.66482E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.24688E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.48687E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Treaty
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.673
Code:
11027000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11027000
Wikidata_id:
Q131569
Wikidata_label:
treaty
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Dr Grimmett
An export licence should be refused if approval would be inconsistent with, inter alia: (a) The international obligations of Member States and their commitments to enforce UN, OSCE and EU arms embargoes; (b) The international obligations of Member States under the Nuclear NonProliferation Treaty, the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention and the Chemical Weapons Convention; (c) The commitments of Member States in the framework of the Australia Group, the Missile Technology Control Regime, the Nuclear Suppliers Group and the Wassenaar Arrangement; (d) The commitment of Member States not to export any form of anti-personnel landmine. CRITERION TWO The respect of human rights in the country of final destination.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.1857782132
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0388266315
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0383876526
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0210193291
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0091846814
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0046675377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009960471
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005637602
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001542435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.28551E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.31935E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.685
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
92
Magnitude:
0.628
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Nuclear Policy
Score:
57
Magnitude:
0.39
Code:
11020000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11020000
Wikidata_id:
Q757637
Wikidata_label:
nuclear policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
46
Sprache Difficult Word Count
42
Dr Grimmett
Having assessed the recipient country's attitude towards relevant principles established by international human rights instruments, Member States will: (a) Not issue an export licence if there is a clear risk that the proposed export might be used for internal repression; (b) Exercise special caution and vigilance in issuing licences, on a case-by-case basis and taking account of the nature of the equipment, to countries where serious violations of human rights have been established by the competent bodies of the UN, the Council of Europe or by the EU. For these purposes, equipment which might be used for internal repression will include, inter alia, equipment where there is evidence of the use of this or similar equipment for internal repression by the proposed end-user, or where there is reason to believe that the equipment will be diverted from its stated end-use or end-user and used for internal repression. In line with paragraph 1 of the Operative Provisions of this Code, the nature of the equipment will be considered carefully, particularly if it is intended for internal security purposes. Internal repression includes, inter alia, torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment, summary or arbitrary executions, disappearances, arbitrary detentions and other major violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms as set out in relevant international human rights instruments, including the Universal Declaration on Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.94444
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.40741
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.40741
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
-0.976
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0118331802
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.011181194
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0093313953
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0087829867
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.003744656
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010572003
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000707925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003963688
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0001898426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.71197E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.60171E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
101
Sprache Difficult Word Count
79
Dr Grimmett
The internal situation in the country of final destination, as a function of the existence of tensions or armed conflicts.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.60944
VADER
-0.649
Very Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0303293607
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0223245355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0079126417
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0068401663
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0034483804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0025761328
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0016132855
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002931772
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001458025
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000126913
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.5338E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > War
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.466
Code:
16009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16009000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.3
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Dr Grimmett
Member States will not allow exports which would provoke or prolong armed conflicts or aggravate existing tensions or conflicts in the country of final destination.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.29928
VADER
-0.924
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.3579299198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0377536955
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0047075097
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0034447519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010795753
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0008918638
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0001041096
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.7071E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.98314E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.75726E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.7777E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > War
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.486
Code:
16009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16009000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.9
Gunning-Fog Score
16.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Dr Grimmett
Preservation of regional peace, security and stability.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.8783408441
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.1005583443
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0860410684
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0408868829
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0349557231
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0291463133
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0228681485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0111138223
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.009515541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0058629044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0041484036
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.4
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5
Dr Grimmett
Member States will not issue an export licence if there is a clear risk that the intended recipient would use the proposed export aggressively against another country or to assert by force a territorial claim.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
-0.202
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0895258156
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0016073089
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011374212
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0005498113
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005159447
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0004057583
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002215651
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001069051
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.32951E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.80475E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.46473E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.088
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Trade Policy
Score:
69
Magnitude:
0.06
Code:
4008033
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008033
Wikidata_id:
Q572564
Wikidata_label:
commercial policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Dr Grimmett
When considering these risks, Member States will take into account inter alia: (a) The existence or likelihood of armed conflict between the recipient and another country; (b) A claim against the territory of a neighboring country which the recipient has in the past tried or threatened to pursue by means of force; (c) Whether the equipment would be likely to be used other than for the legitimate national security and defence of the recipient; (d) The need not to affect adversely regional stability in any significant way. CRITERION FIVE The national security of the Member States and of territories whose external relations are the responsibility of a Member State, as well as that of friendly and allied countries.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.65393
VADER
0.629
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
1.7266694456
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0041242434
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0029057685
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0014650905
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0002540337
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001756399
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.34914E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.33972E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.32436E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.2411E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.1802E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Police
Score:
51
Magnitude:
0.505
Code:
2003000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02003000
Wikidata_id:
Q35535
Wikidata_label:
police
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
1.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
Dr Grimmett
Member States will take into account: (a) The potential effect of the proposed export on their defence and security interests and those of friends, allies and other Member States, while recognizing that this factor cannot affect consideration of the criteria on respect for human rights and on regional peace, security and stability; (b) The risk of use of the goods concerned against their forces or those of friends, allies or other Member States; (c) The risk of reverse engineering or unintended technology transfer.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.941
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0404240185
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0100547993
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0076652519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0031398591
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0023473285
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0007673486
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
6.55483E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.58582E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.81124E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.28245E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.2467E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Human Rights
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.707
Code:
11007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11007000
Wikidata_id:
Q8458
Wikidata_label:
human rights
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Dr Grimmett
The behavior of the buyer country with regard to the international community, as regards in particular its attitude to terrorism, the nature of its alliances and respect for international law.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
-0.361
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0444295671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0094844778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0078247838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0072099894
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0061636376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0051617102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0024577042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001638797
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0010235773
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.98397E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.85905E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy > Alliances
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.229
Code:
11002004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002004
Wikidata_id:
Q1889
Wikidata_label:
diplomacy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
73
Magnitude:
0.167
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Act of Terror
Score:
61
Magnitude:
0.14
Code:
16001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16001000
Wikidata_id:
Q2223653
Wikidata_label:
terrorist attack
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
57
Magnitude:
0.131
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Crime > Terrorism
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.125
Code:
2001010
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02001010
Wikidata_id:
Q7283
Wikidata_label:
terrorism
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
4.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Dr Grimmett
Member States will take into account inter alia the record of the buyer country with regard to: (a) Its support or encouragement of terrorism and international organized crime; (b) Its compliance with its international commitments, in particular on the non-use of force, including under international humanitarian law applicable to international and non-international conflicts; (c) Its commitment to non-proliferation and other areas of arms control and disarmament, in particular the signature, ratification and implementation of relevant arms control and disarmament conventions referred to in point (b) of Criterion One. CRITERION SEVEN The existence of a risk that the equipment will be diverted within the buyer country or re-exported under undesirable conditions.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.3913
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.3913
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.78846
VADER
-0.796
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0572507852
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0108160282
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0104096427
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0100954487
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0036359135
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0020414167
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0018851117
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003064102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001777386
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.87666E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.9786E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.29
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War
Score:
81
Magnitude:
0.236
Code:
16000000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16000000
Wikidata_id:
Q198
Wikidata_label:
war
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
55
Magnitude:
0.159
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
51
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44
Dr Grimmett
In assessing the impact of the proposed export on the importing country and the risk that exported goods might be diverted to an undesirable end-user, the following will be considered: (a) The legitimate defence and domestic security interests of the recipient country, including any involvement in UN or other peace-keeping activity; (b) The technical capability of the recipient country to use the equipment; (c) The capability of the recipient country to exert effective export controls; (d) The risk of the arms being re-exported or diverted to terrorist organizations (antiterrorist equipment would need particularly careful consideration in this context). CRITERION EIGHT The compatibility of the arms exports with the technical and economic capacity of the recipient country, taking into account the desirability that states should achieve their legitimate needs of security and defence with the least diversion for armaments of human and economic resources.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.51724
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.51724
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
-0.061
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0041455169
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0025104036
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0016058164
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0012739347
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006729626
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006115309
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000153173
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.99789E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.04418E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.4806E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.4737E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
100
Magnitude:
1
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
60
Sprache Difficult Word Count
51
Dr Grimmett
Member States will take into account, in the light of information from relevant sources such as UDP, World Bank, IMF and OECD reports, whether the proposed export would seriously hamper the sustainable development of the recipient country. They will consider in this context the recipient country's relative levels of military and social expenditure, taking into account also any EU or bilateral aid.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
-0.178
Leans Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0234053688
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0215453168
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0113100134
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0035066132
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0023418415
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0017659169
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003729928
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000244039
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.21662E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.06952E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.9559E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Financial and Business Service > Banking
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.101
Code:
4006002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04006002
Wikidata_id:
Q806718
Wikidata_label:
banking industry
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Social Issue > Family
Score:
73
Magnitude:
0.074
Code:
14006000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/14006000
Wikidata_id:
Q8436
Wikidata_label:
family
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
65
Magnitude:
0.066
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Trade Policy
Score:
62
Magnitude:
0.063
Code:
4008033
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008033
Wikidata_id:
Q572564
Wikidata_label:
commercial policy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Macro Economics > Exports
Score:
60
Magnitude:
0.06
Code:
4008031
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04008031
Wikidata_id:
Q182722
Wikidata_label:
export
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
21.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Dr Grimmett
h Member State will assess export licence applications for military equipment made to it on a case-by-case basis against the provisions of the Code of Conduct.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0443366764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0240483234
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0222777162
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0214415166
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0164361671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0140507575
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0136114977
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0024731633
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0016585524
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005115177
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001539808
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.102
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
74
Magnitude:
0.076
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Computing and Information Technology > Software
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.057
Code:
4003005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04003005
Wikidata_id:
Q7397
Wikidata_label:
software
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.9
Coleman-Liau Index
11.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Dr Grimmett
2. The Code of Conduct will not infringe on the right of Member States to operate more restrictive national policies.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.3545955755
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0488516293
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0465070334
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0058326408
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0043533058
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0016110163
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005270071
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004477639
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000402174
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001949481
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.24189E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
69.8
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
5.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
2.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Dr Grimmett
3. Member States will circulate through diplomatic channels details of licences refused in accordance with the Code of Conduct for military equipment together with an explanation of why the licence has been refused. The details to be notified are set out in the form of a draft pro-forma set out in the Annex hereto. Before any Member State grants a licence which has been denied by another Member State or States for an essentially identical transaction within the last three years, it will first consult the Member State or States which issued the denial(s). If following consultations, the Member State nevertheless decides to grant a licence, it will notify the Member State or States issuing the denial(s), giving a detailed explanation of its reasoning. The decision to transfer or deny the transfer of any item of military equipment will remain at the national discretion of each Member State. A denial of a licence is understood to take place when the Member State has refused to authorize the actual sale or physical export of the item of military equipment concerned, where a sale would otherwise have come about, or the conclusion of the relevant contract. For these purposes, a notifiable denial may, in accordance with national procedures, include denial of permission to start negotiations or a negative response to a formal initial enquiry about a specific order.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.83333
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.83333
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.03688
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.35484
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.35484
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.71668
VADER
-0.832
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.3685280215
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1122367335
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0247526274
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.023653284
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0010635844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009452557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003150135
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.51108E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.72026E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.63367E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.84702E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
81
Sprache Difficult Word Count
68
Dr Grimmett
4. Member States will keep such denials and consultations confidential and not use them for commercial advantage.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.25
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0023610077
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0018509318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0005838765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0003548075
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.51417E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
3.37006E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.54633E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.9363E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.7131E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.1577E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.664E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.9
Gunning-Fog Score
15.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
2.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Dr Grimmett
5. Member States will work for the early adoption of a common list of military equipment covered by the Code of Conduct, based on similar national and international lists. Until then, the Code of Conduct will operate on the basis of national control lists incorporating where appropriate elements from relevant international lists.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0315781101
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0034637822
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0010773239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006654003
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005978042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004244798
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003483925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.8915E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.7908E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.312E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.5988E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.3
Gunning-Fog Score
16.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Dr Grimmett
6. The criteria in the Code of Conduct and the consultation procedure provided for by paragraph 3 of these Operative Provisions will also apply to dual-use goods as specified in Annex 1 to Council Decision 94/942/CFSP,\37\ where there are grounds for believing that the end-user of such goods will be the armed forces or internal security forces or similar entities in the recipient country. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.78846
VADER
0.34
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0228377947
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0162628596
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0022559554
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0015106441
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007258707
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002547696
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001453541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.01188E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.88405E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.07868E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.929E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Dr Grimmett
7. In order to maximize the efficiency of the Code of Conduct, Member States will work within the framework of the CFSP to reinforce their cooperation and to promote their convergence in the field of conventional arms exports.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.625
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0122092024
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0048488408
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0034839439
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0019334844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0012868483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000307723
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.82749E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.60644E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.41471E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.6568E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.394E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Dr Grimmett
8. Each Member State will circulate to other Member States in confidence an annual report on its defence exports and on its implementation of the Code of Conduct. These reports will be discussed at an annual meeting held within the framework of the CFSP. The meeting will also review the operation of the Code of Conduct, identify any improvements which need to be made and submit to the Council a consolidated report, based on contributions from Member States.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.718
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.5989972502
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.1174129779
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.042427142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0092051283
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0078945988
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0071184164
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003579065
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.31772E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.06048E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.5443E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.684E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.4
Gunning-Fog Score
13.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Dr Grimmett
9. Member States will, as appropriate, assess jointly through the CFSP framework the situation of potential or actual recipients of arms exports from Member States, in the light of the principles and criteria of the Code of Conduct.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0185827186
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0145241633
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0140072822
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0085459702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0055249264
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0044110377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001245436
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.79251E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.0634E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.145E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.399E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Dr Grimmett
10. It is recognized that Member States, where appropriate, may also take into account the effect of proposed exports on their economic, social, commercial and industrial interests, but that these factors will not affect the application of the above criteria.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0.128
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.035429647
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0234141378
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0036072655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0034667926
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0018573044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0009451908
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000522551
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.3222E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.7622E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.2688E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.624E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.3
Gunning-Fog Score
17
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Dr Grimmett
11. Member States will use their best endeavors to encourage other arms exporting states to subscribe to the principles of the Code of Conduct.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.818
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
67.7805662155
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
2.3191554472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.9784527123
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0553967489
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.033194694
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0264965667
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.010662929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0007590013
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002653498
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001461683
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.40215E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
71.3
Gunning-Fog Score
11.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
7.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
2.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Dr Grimmett
12. The Code of Conduct and Operative Provisions will replace any previous elaboration of the 1991 and 1992 Common Criteria. ANNEX
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.1605481957
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1552073983
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.097511214
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0208989077
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0069107533
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0011854868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0010286805
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006460708
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004734604
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.03156E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.43078E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.7
Gunning-Fog Score
6.6
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
10.6
Automated Readability Index
4.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
2.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
Dr Grimmett
Details to be notified [name of Member State] has the honor to inform partners of the following denial under the EU Code of Conduct: Destination country: Short description of equipment, including quantity and where appropriate, technical specifications: Proposed consignee: Proposed end-user (if different): Reason for refusal: Date of denial: Appendix 2 -- Brief Descriptions of EU Common Military List Categories \38\ ML1 Smooth-bore weapons with a caliber of less than 20 mm, other arms and automatic weapons with a caliber of 12,7 mm (caliber 0,50 inches) or less and accessories, and specially designed components therefor. -
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.25131
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.16705
VADER
-0.382
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Harassment
2.1815685555
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1079656766
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.03717535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0128815984
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0098437406
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0033378674
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.03588E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.61569E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.72342E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.05255E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.65739E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.234
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
44
Sprache Difficult Word Count
43
Dr Grimmett
ML2 Smooth-bore weapons with a caliber of 20 mm or more, other weapons or armament with a caliber greater than 12,7 mm (caliber 0,50 inches), projectors and accessories, and specially designed components therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
-0.554
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.1864905702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0883090426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.07198659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0620322418
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0108359207
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0040144081
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0019600247
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0018259225
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0012316613
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0006903874
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003305597
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.112
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Dr Grimmett
ML3 Ammunition and fuze setting devices, and specially designed components therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0078897065
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.007385842
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0065698405
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.00359964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0034070956
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0019481377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0012353315
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004146136
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003895685
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001155246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.78383E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
11.1
Gunning-Fog Score
18.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
2.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Dr Grimmett
ML4 Bombs, torpedoes, rockets, missiles, other explosive devices and charges and related equipment and accessories, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.8473
VADER
-0.273
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0243622315
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0092979004
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.005229728
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0035746238
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0020812582
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003370315
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003308549
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001280062
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.03293E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.67656E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.57584E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.111
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.105
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Missile Systems
Score:
59
Magnitude:
0.066
Code:
11001008
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001008
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Dr Grimmett
ML5 Fire control, and related alerting and warning equipment, and related systems, test and alignment and countermeasure equipment, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components and accessories therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
-0.586
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0939912512
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.048241613
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0162961718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0102548518
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0101820449
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0017746857
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0010714397
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002543962
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.7318E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.003E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.617E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.163
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Dr Grimmett
ML6 Ground vehicles and components.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.1035539084
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0407509593
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0099937177
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0072332237
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0035717643
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0023564951
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000865372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008615659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005709346
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.78582E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.45642E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Computing and Information Technology > Hardware
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.065
Code:
4003001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04003001
Wikidata_id:
Q11351
Wikidata_label:
organic chemistry
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.5
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
8.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.7
Sprache Readability Score
1.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3
Dr Grimmett
ML7 Chemical or biological toxic agents, "tear gases," radioactive materials, related equipment, components, materials and "technology."
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0770590559
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0055412886
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0046534537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0019371202
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0016183569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.000349981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001001354
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.09168E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.3016E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.27611E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.0702E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Environmental Issue > Hazardous Materials
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.851
Code:
6012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/06012000
Wikidata_id:
Q757138
Wikidata_label:
hazardous substances
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
3.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Dr Grimmett
ML8 "Energetic materials," and related substances.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.44
Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0199919101
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0103804414
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0050873678
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0025770811
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0011400275
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010922872
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006453977
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002911358
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002495098
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001725601
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.32446E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5
Dr Grimmett
ML9 Vessels of war, special naval equipment and accesories, and components therefor, specially designed for military use.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.296
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0502705341
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0400092831
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0162393379
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0039272414
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0032535812
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0026782
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0011886544
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0009884043
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002283891
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000144241
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.06473E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.351
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
15.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
Dr Grimmett
ML10 "Aircraft," unmanned airborne vehicles, aero-engines and "aircraft" equipment, related equipment and components, specially designed or modified for military use.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0181116309
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0119752411
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0081909719
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0038742965
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0031805313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0014913044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002566561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.03688E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.24483E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.9453E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.903E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.161
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
8.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Dr Grimmett
ML11 Electronic equipment, not controlled elsewhere on the EU Common Military List, specially designed for military use and specially designed components therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0852249446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0183022988
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.011237256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0097131895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0086275577
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007930237
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002813318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002809401
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001073104
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.26243E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.2808E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.103
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
3.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Dr Grimmett
ML12 High velocity kinetic energy weapon systems and related equipment, and specially designed components therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.026
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0316087448
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0187405152
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.008307313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0043923377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0018150959
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013580922
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004572314
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000438449
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003783581
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001777778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.6745E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.063
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Dr Grimmett
ML13 Armored or protective equipment and constructions and components.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
2.6549663395
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.1621874049
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0303481327
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.003483113
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.002868845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0022063554
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004416897
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003663483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001827201
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001577525
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.20967E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
2.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Dr Grimmett
ML14 Specialized equipment for military training or for simulating military scenarios, simulators specially designed for training in the use of any firearm or weapon controlled by ML1 or ML2, and specially designed components and accessories therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
-0.296
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.1139521482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0226000615
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0108068823
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.003916242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0033194123
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.001753691
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0009666726
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007284574
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003932884
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003062232
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002505451
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.096
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Firearms
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.09
Code:
11001006
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001006
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Dr Grimmett
ML15 Imaging or countermeasure equipment, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components and accessories therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.1089645899
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0529812416
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0415332208
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0042662883
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0024377208
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0019036632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0011939736
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0010965896
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004416102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.00032983
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001189646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.06
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
Dr Grimmett
ML16 Forgings, castings and other unfinished products the use of which in a controlled product is identifiable by material composition, geometry or function, and which are specially designed for any products controlled by ML1 to ML4, ML6, ML9, ML10, ML12 or ML19.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0122406302
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0117820637
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0024532457
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0020472653
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0017211585
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005412346
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001233096
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.7622E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.67159E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.82744E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.8811E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Dr Grimmett
ML17 Miscellaneous equipment, materials and libraries, and specially designed components therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
6.4976349473
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.3646331606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.2220827388
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0381183083
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0078413141
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0042390398
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009587102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000187834
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.3031E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.62266E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.77893E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
2.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Dr Grimmett
ML18 Equipment for the production of products referred to in the EU Common Military List.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.5125041585
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1374388812
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0355994591
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0216722721
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0051413474
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0040476021
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0023913746
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0023899063
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0010913387
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007346708
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001618656
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.28
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.6
Gunning-Fog Score
8.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.2
Sprache Readability Score
3.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Dr Grimmett
ML19 Directed energy weapon systems (DEW), related or countermeasure equipment and test models, and specially designed components therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.026
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0175711233
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0158214738
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0011028064
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008979342
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0006261791
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0005011034
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000274667
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.79738E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.4734E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.1223E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.1156E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Arts, Culture and Entertainment > Fashion
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.065
Code:
1007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/01007000
Wikidata_id:
Q12684
Wikidata_label:
fashion
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Unrest, Conflicts and War > Weaponry
Score:
78
Magnitude:
0.05
Code:
16012000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/16012000
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
5.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Dr Grimmett
ML20 Cryogenic and "superconductive" equipment, and specially designed components and accessories therefor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.0107399537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0080974736
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0048122005
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0022414159
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0020080457
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.001025908
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004764326
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.78934E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.63149E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.43014E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.1278E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
2.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Dr Grimmett
ML21 "Software" specially designed or modified for the "development," "production," "use" of equipment or materials controlled by the EU Common Military List.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual
0.05745698
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0193365035
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0156082795
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.007892499
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0036069214
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013721012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006765675
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002843132
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.99054E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.12715E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.4856E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Defense > Military Equipment
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.098
Code:
11001005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001005
Wikidata_id:
Q18643213
Wikidata_label:
military equipment
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Computing and Information Technology > Software
Score:
97
Magnitude:
0.095
Code:
4003005
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04003005
Wikidata_id:
Q7397
Wikidata_label:
software
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Dr Grimmett
ML22 "Technology" for the "development," "production" or "use" of items controlled in the EU Common Military List, other than that "technology" controlled in ML7.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0147839179
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0101120881
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0092338152
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0049580267
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0021553204
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0015526519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003258262
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001427751
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.14766E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.95791E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.43384E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Science and Technology > Technology (General)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.133
Code:
13010000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/13010000
Wikidata_id:
Q11016
Wikidata_label:
technology
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.071
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.9
Gunning-Fog Score
14.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Richard Lugar
Well, thank you very much, Dr. Grimmett.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.557
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.0641847844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0139987358
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0049430517
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0048688667
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0028266297
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0020445435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0008118497
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001399758
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.26038E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.97118E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.99944E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
94.5
Gunning-Fog Score
1.4
Coleman-Liau Index
9.4
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
0.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.7
Sprache Readability Score
1.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
Richard Lugar
I will ask a couple of questions and then I will ask my colleague, Senator Biden, to ask some questions. We will continue until duty calls on the floor for these rollcall votes regarding the budget that the Congress is discussing, the Senate more particularly.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
13.7542039156
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0168022263
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0153656423
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0134548376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.003230893
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012920734
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002712349
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002589798
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001977203
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001320954
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.5725E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.269
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Election > National Elections
Score:
88
Magnitude:
0.236
Code:
11003004
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11003004
Wikidata_id:
Q1076105
Wikidata_label:
general election
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.3
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score