Rick Santorum

Mr. President, the agenda for the 105th Congress reflects a continuance of the very significant debate that occurred in the 104th Congress on the issue of partial birth abortion.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0.265

Slightly Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.5091093946

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0570436416

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.018421757

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.006196399

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0009925027

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0008409709

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001588119

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0001277524

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

3.33878E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

2.01075E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

2.9657E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

93.612

Magnitude:

29

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

52.1

Gunning-Fog Score

11.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

8.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.9

Sprache Readability Score

3.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Rick Santorum

Four months ago, we debated and considered a presidential veto override on a bill to ban the partial birth abortion procedure. On a final vote, we came very close to banning this very gruesome procedure, and the number of colleagues who supported the override set the stage for consideration again this year.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.58779

VADER

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Moderation

Violence

4.1560575366

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.957428664

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0288107462

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0153955756

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0070815709

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0063404237

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0038007045

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0009267238

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0007919317

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.000446647

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.0003387338

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

94.486

Magnitude:

52

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

40.5

Gunning-Fog Score

18.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

17

Sprache Difficult Word Count

19

Rick Santorum

A wide spectrum of individuals have coalesced around the effort to ban partial birth abortions. These varied individuals and groups have raised their voices in support of a ban both because of the brutality of partial birth abortions and because they recognize that this debate is not about Roe vs. Wade, the 1973 Supreme Court decision legalizing abortion. It is not about when a fetus becomes a baby. And it is certainly not about women's health. It is about infanticide, it is about killing a child as he or she is being born, an issue that neither Roe vs. Wade nor the subsequent Doe vs. Bolton decision addressed.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.36772

VADER

-0.836

Very Negative

Moderation

Violence

4.3107602745

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

1.2106389739

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.069569773

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0312380755

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0189736951

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0157947798

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0151178392

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0078024306

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0036867572

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.0024904999

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0016139073

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

93.553

Magnitude:

107

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

58.4

Gunning-Fog Score

10.6

Coleman-Liau Index

11.2

SMOG Index

10.8

Automated Readability Index

6.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

37

Sprache Difficult Word Count

33

Rick Santorum

During the Senate debate last year, various traditionally pro-choice legislators voted in support of legislation to ban this particular procedure. Among them was a colleague who stated on the floor of the Senate, "In my legal judgement, the issue is not over a woman's right to choose within the constitutional context of Roe versus Wade. * * * The line of the law is drawn, in my legal judgement, when the child is partially out of the womb of the mother. It is no longer abortion; it is infanticide." He was joined in these sentiments by other like minded Senators.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.69231

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.69231

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.52606

VADER

0.103

Leans Positive

Moderation

Violence

1.8689246848

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.1771254698

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.1016738475

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0185036857

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0173332781

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0069148206

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0017864191

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0007140661

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0003848937

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

5.14356E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.66868E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

94.235

Magnitude:

97

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

58.2

Gunning-Fog Score

12.4

Coleman-Liau Index

10.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

37

Sprache Difficult Word Count

37

Rick Santorum

This perspective is significant in that it suggests the scope of the tragedy that this procedure represents. And for those who may still be unclear what a partial birth abortion procedure is, it is this: a fully formed baby -- in most cases a viable fetus of 23-26 weeks -- is pulled from its mother until all but the head is delivered. Then, scissors are plunged into the base of the skull, a tube is inserted and the child's brains are suctioned out so that the head of the now-dead infant collapses and is delivered.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.58779

VADER

-0.681

Very Negative

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

82.8293085098

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

77.6521623135

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.7002057973

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.4177579656

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.2119711833

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0829748926

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0478881004

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.011894304

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0115318704

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0102435937

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.0010490672

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

90.873

Magnitude:

95

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

58

Gunning-Fog Score

17.7

Coleman-Liau Index

9.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

29

Rick Santorum

Partial birth abortion is tragic for the infant who loses his or her life in this brutal procedure. It is also a personal tragedy for the families who choose the procedure, as it is for those who perform it -- even if they aren't aware of it. But partial birth abortion is also a profound social tragedy. It rips through the moral cohesion of our public life. It cuts into our most deeply held beliefs about the importance of protecting and cherishing vulnerable human life. It fractures our sense that the laws of our country should reflect long- held, commonly accepted moral norms.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.891

Very Negative

Moderation

Violence

1.7040604725

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0919311482

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0845182978

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0417753967

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0208580183

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0061886924

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0004317305

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0003270783

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0001952791

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

8.45268E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

8.2595E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

93.587

Magnitude:

103

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

57.7

Gunning-Fog Score

12.7

Coleman-Liau Index

11.3

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

31

Sprache Difficult Word Count

35

Rick Santorum

Yet this kind of tragedy -- even as it calls forth and exposes our outrage -- can be an unexpected catalyst for consensus, for new coalitions and configurations in our public life. The partial birth abortion debate moves us beyond the traditional lines of confrontation to hollow out a place in the public square where disparate individuals and groups can come together and draw a line that they know should not be crossed.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.07692

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.07692

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.1431

VADER

-0.918

Very Negative

Moderation

Violence

0.7999765687

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.1032177475

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0080342419

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0068019777

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0017153021

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0007854572

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0007756085

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0004361328

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0003031166

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.0001465983

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

9.78278E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

93.475

Magnitude:

73

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

36.2

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

Rick Santorum

The stark tragedy of partial birth abortion can be the beginning of a significant public discussion where we define -- or re-define -- our first principles. Why is such a discussion important? Precisely because it throws into relief the fundamental truths around which a moral consensus is formed in this country. And, as John Courtney Murray reminds us in "We Hold These Truths, Catholic Reflections on the American Proposition", a public consensus which finds its expression in the law should be "an ensemble of substantive truths, a structure of basic knowledge, an order of elementary affirmations* * *".

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.78947

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.78947

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.94591

VADER

0.827

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.2230438869

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0336649071

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0113913527

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.006634208

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0019772047

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0003394193

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0002260212

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0001925586

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.00012933

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

2.01332E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.55337E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

90.467

Magnitude:

96

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37.4

Gunning-Fog Score

16.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

34

Sprache Difficult Word Count

36

Rick Santorum

If we do not have fundamental agreement about first principles, we simply cannot engage one another in civil debate. All we have is the confusion of different factions locked in their own moral universe. If we could agree publicly on just this one point -- that partial birth abortion is not something our laws should sanction, and if we could then reveal the consensus -- a consensus that I know exists -- against killing an almost-born infant, we would have significantly advanced the discussion about what moral status and dignity we give to life in all its stages. Public agreement, codified by law, on this one prohibition gives us a common point of departure. It give us a common language even, because we agree, albeit in a narrow sense, on the meaning of fundamental terms such as life and death. And it is with this common point of departure and discourse -- however narrow -- that we gain a degree of coherence and unity in our public life and dialogue.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.37931

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.37931

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.76913

VADER

0.411

Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.3656848101

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0410858134

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0225775337

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.009791417

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0049285871

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0018318822

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0010971899

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0010436826

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0003001629

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

9.06975E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.4734E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

88.516

Magnitude:

170

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

45.2

Gunning-Fog Score

17.3

Coleman-Liau Index

11.5

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

46

Sprache Difficult Word Count

51

Rick Santorum

I truly believe that out of the horror and tragedy of partial birth abortions, we can find points of agreement across ideological, political and religious lines which enable us to work toward a life- sustaining culture. So, as hundreds of thousands of faithful and steadfast citizens come together to participate in this year's March for Life, let us remember that such a culture, the culture for which we hope and pray daily, might very well be achieved one argument at a time.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.64663

VADER

0.715

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

1.6590679064

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0713551824

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0568289543

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0176348869

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0059945694

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.005337668

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0007750503

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0004093516

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0004067404

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0002269273

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.18735E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

94.947

Magnitude:

82

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

30.1

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Rick Santorum

Mr. President, I am proud to have the opportunity to sponsor this legislation and to continue the very significant achievements of my colleague, Senator Bob Smith. I look forward to continuing that effort in cooperation with Representative Charles Canady, and I thank my colleagues for making this initiative a priority in our legislative agenda.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

3.13549

VADER

0.858

Very Positive

Moderation

Sexual

0.0150817432

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0110208566

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0094966956

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0011631665

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0009637961

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0001805982

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

5.19683E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

4.26385E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

2.07299E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

7.6348E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

5.264E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

38.711

Magnitude:

54

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

27.2

Gunning-Fog Score

16.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

Spencer Abraham

Mr. President, I rise today to cosponsor S. 6. In doing so I add my voice to the chorus calling for an end to partial birth abortion. The bill we are considering is designed to outlaw medical procedures "in which the person performing the abortion partially delivers a living fetus before killing the fetus and completing the delivery." It is a narrowly drafted bill which specifically and effectively targets a rare but grisly and unnecessary practice.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.58779

VADER

-0.19

Leans Negative

Moderation

Violence

0.0257852458

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0052624113

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0039345174

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0023114553

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0003958815

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0001000942

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

7.36421E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.77465E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

4.5736E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

3.707E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.9481E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Environment

Score:

86.168

Magnitude:

61

Code:

7

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#7

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

50.4

Gunning-Fog Score

13

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

4.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

29

Sprache Difficult Word Count

32

Spencer Abraham

I understand, Mr. President, that the American people are divided on many issues within the abortion debate. I am firmly pro-life. But in my view one need not resort to broad, ideological arguments in this case. Partial birth abortions occur only in the third trimester of pregnancy. They are never required to save the life, health, or child-bearing ability of the mother. They are unnecessary and regrettable.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.16705

VADER

-0.654

Very Negative

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0218255591

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0185816214

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0039469604

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0034058252

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0006092025

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0005047423

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0002821373

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

4.51951E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

4.08467E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

7.7607E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.365E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Environment

Score:

58.61

Magnitude:

134

Code:

7

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#7

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Energy

Score:

23.159

Magnitude:

134

Code:

8

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#8

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

53.4

Gunning-Fog Score

10.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

10.7

Automated Readability Index

6.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.8

Sprache Readability Score

4.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Spencer Abraham

We in this chamber failed to override the President's veto of this legislation during the last Congress. But I remain convinced that all of us can agree that this Nation can do without this particular, rare, and grisly procedure. I urge my colleagues to support this legislation.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.58779

VADER

0.785

Very Positive

Moderation

Sexual

0.003440681

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0021342898

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0014548624

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0013079337

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

9.97182E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

7.4818E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

7.29111E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.1163E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

3.0982E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

1.1044E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

9.39E-8

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

55.9

Gunning-Fog Score

11.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

9.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

Trent Lott

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0641709834

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0129174892

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0035246401

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0013075457

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0012717157

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0009915519

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0007956729

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0004467237

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0002360483

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

5.94525E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.2408E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Environment

Score:

74.617

Magnitude:

58

Code:

7

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#7

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.8

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Jesse Helms

Mr. President, the Defend America Act of 1997 is a vital piece of legislation -- one which provides a clear and concise blueprint for protecting the American people from the growing threat of attack from ballistic missiles carrying nuclear, chemical, or biological warheads.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.25131

VADER

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Moderation

Harassment

0.0426811835

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0183659315

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.002755752

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0014399879

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0012895708

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0007898913

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0005493794

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0003037092

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001203691

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.52315E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

7.2537E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Environment

Score:

90.666

Magnitude:

19

Code:

7

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#7

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38.5

Gunning-Fog Score

13.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

19

Sprache Difficult Word Count

22

Jesse Helms

It is critical that the United States begin immediately the 8-year task of building and deploying a national missile defense. I am grateful to the distinguished majority leader, Mr. Lott, for introducing this bill and I am honored to join him as a cosponsor.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.66667

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.66667

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.29928

VADER

0.875

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0273368001

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0070692637

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0020551446

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.00146115

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0002509205

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0002295707

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0001296058

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

6.59392E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

1.67663E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.2773E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.5846E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Environment

Score:

54.392

Magnitude:

76

Code:

7

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#7

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Agriculture

Score:

23.724

Magnitude:

76

Code:

4

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#4

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

50.6

Gunning-Fog Score

14

Coleman-Liau Index

11.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

Jesse Helms

Just over a year ago the Clinton administration vetoed the 1996 Defense Authorization Act. In his veto message, the President explicitly objected to the missile defense provisions of the act. At that time, along with others, I found it beyond belief that the administration could arrive at the decision to block the deployment of a national missile defense. I remember wondering, given the fact that North Korea is known to be developing a missile capable of striking United States cities, how such a decision could be made.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.76214

VADER

0.612

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0318914332

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0147253057

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0028339795

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0013105305

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0005293185

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0004580031

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

4.07312E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

2.08606E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

7.8542E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

6.5909E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.922E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Environment

Score:

95.957

Magnitude:

76

Code:

7

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#7

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

39.9

Gunning-Fog Score

15.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

Jesse Helms

The chairman of the National Intelligence Council, Richard Cooper, testified before the House National Security Committee on February 28, 1996, that ". . . North Korea is developing a missile, which we call the Taepo Dong 2, that could have a range sufficient to reach Alaska. The missile way also be capable of reaching some U.S. territories in the Pacific and the far western portion of the 2,000-km-long Hawaiian Island chain." What Mr. Cooper did not add was the fact that nations can and have increased the ranges of their ballistic missiles by reducing payloads.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

0.878

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0089555251

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0030661846

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0022914261

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0009852421

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0002868636

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001445619

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0001171904

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

1.6468E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

5.9878E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.6631E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.358E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.8

Gunning-Fog Score

8.8

Coleman-Liau Index

11.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

36

Sprache Difficult Word Count

34

Jesse Helms

Mr. President, a September 29, 1995, article in the Washington Times reported that the Defense Intelligence Agency has estimated that the Taepo Dong 2 could, in fact, have a range of 4,650 miles and, with a smaller warhead, could reach 6,200 miles -- approximately 10,000 km. Similarly, a September 11, 1995, article in a South Korean newspaper stated that Russia believes that once the Taepo Dong 2's inertial navigation system, warhead weight, and fuel injection devices are improved, the missile could reach over 9,600 kilometers. At those ranges, the Taepo Dong 2 could drop a nuclear or biological warhead on U.S. cities as far east as Denver or Minneapolis.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.7

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0536800071

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.017865315

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0132940477

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.004211154

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0006101514

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0002806345

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001760422

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0001389587

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

1.82909E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

5.2677E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.3799E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

61.762

Magnitude:

69

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

61.9

Gunning-Fog Score

12.1

Coleman-Liau Index

10

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

43

Sprache Difficult Word Count

39

Jesse Helms

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that these two articles be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0027792359

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0024377301

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.001190071

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0007914711

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0007687593

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0002373906

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

9.59108E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

1.04952E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

6.2052E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

2.1587E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.146E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

32.664

Magnitude:

152

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

29.736

Magnitude:

152

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

63.9

Gunning-Fog Score

8.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

4.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

2.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

7

Jesse Helms

Second, I cannot fathom why the Clinton administration objected to the deployment of a national missile defense in light of Red China's bellicose words and deeds. China fields of dozens of submarine-launched ballistic missiles, hundreds of warheads on heavy bombers, roughly 24 medium- and long-range ballistic missiles, and has several crash modernization initiatives in progress. Moreover, China intends to deploy, by the end of the century, four new types of ballistic missiles. Furthermore, the United States has very clear indications that Red China is at this moment pursuing MIRV-technology.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.70805

VADER

0.74

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment

0.0747069134

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0171434338

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.003595787

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0035509118

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0033270335

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0010039032

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0006437073

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

6.8544E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

1.2242E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

5.701E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

3.0E-8

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

60.223

Magnitude:

150

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Law and Crime

Score:

21.954

Magnitude:

150

Code:

12

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

33.6

Gunning-Fog Score

17.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

35

Sprache Difficult Word Count

39

Jesse Helms

Mr. President, this is the same country, mind you, that flexed its military might by conducting live missile-firing exercises in the Strait of Taiwan in an obviously intentional effort to bully and cower a valued and longstanding ally of the United States. This is the same country that issued thinly-veiled threats this spring suggesting that nuclear weapons would be used against the United States if the United States intervened on behalf of Taiwan. Assistant Secretary of State Winston Lord acknowledged that Chinese officials had declared that the United States "wouldn't dare defend Taiwan because they -- China -- would rain nuclear bombs on Los Angeles." Now, if this was not nuclear blackmail, it will do while the Clinton administration folds its hands until the first nuclear missile hits the West Coast of the United States. China's ability to hold the United States hostage to such threats is made possible by the fact that a band of latter-day Luddites here in Washington have consistently refused even to consider building the very strategic missile defenses necessary to protect the American people from such an attack.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.70805

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.65925

VADER

0.822

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0308955146

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0079047983

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0051554431

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0037047597

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0015675911

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0005686398

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

9.73843E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

5.48795E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.86473E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

6.6064E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

3.4214E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

54.013

Magnitude:

68

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Labor

Score:

27.652

Magnitude:

68

Code:

5

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#5

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37.3

Gunning-Fog Score

16.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

64

Sprache Difficult Word Count

68

Jesse Helms

Mr. President, it is time for the defenders of the ABM Treaty to give up their pious devotion to an antiquated arms control theology, and to come to grips with the realities of the post-cold-war world. Dr. Henry Kissinger -- the architect of the ABM Treaty -- put it best when he recently wrote: "The end of the cold war has made * * * a strategy [of mutually assured destruction (MAD)] largely irrelevant. Barely plausible when there was only one strategic opponent, the theory makes no sense in a multipolar world of proliferating nuclear powers." Dr. Kissinger went on to note specifically that MAD would not work against blackmail with nuclear weapons. Yet that is exactly what we faced when China blatantly threatened Los Angeles.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.27444

VADER

-0.814

Very Negative

Moderation

Violence

0.019913775

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0086955421

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0050392708

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0028611485

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0021405594

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0014425279

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0002659746

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0001736417

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.000104525

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

4.05648E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.72047E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

82.503

Magnitude:

31

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

60.7

Gunning-Fog Score

12.7

Coleman-Liau Index

11.1

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

40

Sprache Difficult Word Count

43

Jesse Helms

The truth of the matter is that no amount of policy reformulation by the Clinton administration can change the fact that the United States is vulnerable to nuclear-tipped missiles fielded by China, or any one else. Rectifying this dangerous deficiency requires leadership and action. It is an all the more pressing issue because the current course charted by the administration fails to recognize the inherent danger in China's pursuit of an advanced nuclear arsenal.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.95551

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.45199

VADER

-0.477

Negative

Moderation

Harassment

0.0474365661

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0155358037

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0049569066

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0032525393

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0019415849

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0009963216

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

2.31946E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

5.933E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

2.523E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

8.57E-8

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.12E-8

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

38.667

Magnitude:

88

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

34.8

Gunning-Fog Score

16.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

28

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Jesse Helms

Mr. President, any further delay in the development of the United States of a flexible, cost-effective national missile defense is unconscionable. I am honored to be a cospsonor of the Defend America Act and urge Senators to support this legislation to ensure that the American people are protected from attack by ballistic missiles.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.58779

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.45455

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.45455

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.8873

VADER

0.896

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment

0.3599487478

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0606505957

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0145527345

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0130142595

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0046313529

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0034801749

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

7.51763E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

4.60117E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.26663E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

9.6239E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

6.1725E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

75.884

Magnitude:

81

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

28.8

Gunning-Fog Score

14.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

John Chafee

Mr. President, Senator Smith from New Hampshire and I have been working on this not only this year, but in past years also. I think after 7 years, it is time to fix this program. Tens of billions of dollars have been spent with very modest results, as far as cleanups go. This bill, which Senator Smith and I have submitted, addresses the so-called brownfields problem, for example.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.55

Very Negative

Moderation

Violence

1.3059029356

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.8461858146

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.1160240616

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0383739854

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0198830574

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0186746402

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.000430351

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

9.04966E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

8.16092E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.09774E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.99662E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Law and Crime

Score:

96.797

Magnitude:

56

Code:

12

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

5.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

7.3

Coleman-Liau Index

9.9

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.8

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

19

John Chafee

What are brownfields? They are contaminated sites, usually within our cities, which can be cleaned up relatively quickly and inexpensively and can be returned to productive industrial commercial use, thereby generating jobs and revenue.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.75

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.75

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

0

Neutral

Moderation

Harassment > Threatening

0.239212811

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.1460865024

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.1383535098

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0031353793

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0006553411

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0006353833

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0005794748

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0004505087

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0003988594

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001519839

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.0001367357

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Law and Crime

Score:

92.271

Magnitude:

17

Code:

12

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

25.4

Gunning-Fog Score

18.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.8

Sprache Readability Score

4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

John Chafee

In this legislation, we deal with who will have to pay. Obviously, this is where the intense legal arguments have occurred, where you need to hire a hall because there are so many lawyers involved.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.33647

VADER

-0.318

Somewhat Negative

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.1199155929

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0743557932

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0200791561

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0176349524

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0148518084

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0017040147

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0017031991

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0003116227

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

9.87809E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.80874E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.5405E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

63.4

Gunning-Fog Score

12.7

Coleman-Liau Index

10.8

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4

Sprache Readability Score

3.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

John Chafee

We eliminate the unfairness of joint and several liability at most sites, and we replace it with proportional allocations where each polluter pays its fair share.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

-0.026

Neutral

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0742898206

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0317977101

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0064132924

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0015470132

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0007519831

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0002721057

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

7.07156E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

9.1305E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

5.2019E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

3.6672E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.0809E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

47.581

Magnitude:

65

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

27.5

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

4.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

John Chafee

We eliminate from liability anyone who legally sent waste to a municipal landfill.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.5

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.5

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.8473

VADER

-0.494

Negative

Moderation

Harassment

0.0821450783

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0560567307

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0388309243

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0161006188

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0044336251

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0003641705

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001336193

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

6.47996E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

5.92014E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.31001E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

9.6367E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

35.608

Magnitude:

87

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

17.9

Gunning-Fog Score

17.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

2.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

5

Sprache Difficult Word Count

5

John Chafee

We eliminate small businesses and persons whose share was less than 1 percent and persons who sent less than 200 pounds or 110 gallons.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

0.296

Slightly Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0852993282

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0621344545

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0427452731

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0037954418

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0018755931

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0004465248

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001896514

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

4.93272E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.54723E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

6.1032E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

3.1108E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

51.892

Magnitude:

102

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Law and Crime

Score:

23.174

Magnitude:

102

Code:

12

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

76.7

Gunning-Fog Score

12.9

Coleman-Liau Index

9.7

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

11

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.8

Sprache Readability Score

4.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

4

Sprache Difficult Word Count

6

John Chafee

In deciding how clean the cleanup ought to be, we take into consideration, what is the future use of the site going to be? Is it going to be for a children's playground, or is it going to be for a parking lot that is paved? Obviously, it makes a difference as to how clean the site should be cleaned up.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.46634

VADER

0.697

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment

0.4768677521

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0605737616

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0435202441

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0201507137

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.002349129

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0014727151

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0006089359

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0002317362

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0001626121

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.68634E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.1921E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

62.87

Magnitude:

72

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78

Gunning-Fog Score

10.8

Coleman-Liau Index

6.9

SMOG Index

9.9

Automated Readability Index

6.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.9

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

John Chafee

Mr. President, this bill is not written in concrete. Senator Abraham, for example, is deeply concerned that we do not include here within our legislation tax incentives for brownfields cleanup in empowerment zones and in enterprise communities. Senator Abraham, who is deeply concerned about our inner cities and the jobs that will flow from it if these sites within the inner cities are cleaned up, believes there should be some tax incentives provided. We have not done that because of a cost problem, but we have assured Senator Abraham we will work with him to try to come up with the result that he seeks. I want to commend Senator Abraham for the work that he has done on this and the intense concern he has shown throughout the process of formulating this legislation.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.06667

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.06667

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.12516

VADER

0.857

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0244691037

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0095208052

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0017575368

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0008082213

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0004548668

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0002350614

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001112981

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

8.02303E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

3.02342E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

7.5028E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

6.4081E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

32

Magnitude:

57

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Law and Crime

Score:

30.425

Magnitude:

57

Code:

12

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

57.3

Gunning-Fog Score

12.8

Coleman-Liau Index

11.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

44

Sprache Difficult Word Count

37

John Chafee

Mr. President, now I would like to turn it over to Senator Smith who has labored so hard in this vineyard, not only this year but last year. I do not think anybody in this Senate knows more about this legislation or has worked harder on it than Senator Smith from New Hampshire.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0.19

Leans Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.1038421295

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.021630674

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0016953816

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.001555579

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0005394018

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0003283769

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0002897746

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0001159687

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.83648E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

1.27485E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.2727E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

30.486

Magnitude:

83

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

72.4

Gunning-Fog Score

9.3

Coleman-Liau Index

8.7

SMOG Index

10.6

Automated Readability Index

7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.7

Sprache Readability Score

3.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

12

John Chafee

Mr. BOB SMITH addressed the Chair.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0

Neutral

Moderation

Violence

0.0515537628

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0064705397

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0032339569

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.002266833

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0019625444

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0015735641

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

9.78754E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

7.61354E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

3.04673E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.55361E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

7.6867E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

0

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

100

Gunning-Fog Score

1.2

Coleman-Liau Index

10.6

SMOG Index

3.3

Automated Readability Index

1.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8

Sprache Readability Score

1.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

3

Sprache Difficult Word Count

4

The Presiding Officer

The PRESIDING OFFICER.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0

Neutral

Moderation

Violence

0.0302380096

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0107280692

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0017406297

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.001487898

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0005178144

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0003511039

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

2.2621E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

1.26267E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

8.0962E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

8.0661E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

8.195E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Domestic Commerce

Score:

34.794

Magnitude:

96

Code:

15

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Law and Crime

Score:

26.784

Magnitude:

96

Code:

12

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

20.157

Magnitude:

96

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

41

Gunning-Fog Score

6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

7.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.6

Sprache Readability Score

1.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

4

Sprache Difficult Word Count

5

Mr. BOB SMITH. Thank you, Mr. President. I thank my distinguished colleague and chairman of the Environment and Public Works Committee for his kind remarks. He, too, has been deeply involved in this issue. We have spent a lot of hours on this.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.46634

VADER

0.612

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.1236851793

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0261310866

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0161120741

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0061834005

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0023368777

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0018944613

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0002973525

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001380958

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

2.8169E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.60105E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.3813E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

International Affairs

Score:

58.203

Magnitude:

135

Code:

19

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

84.5

Gunning-Fog Score

3.4

Coleman-Liau Index

10.3

SMOG Index

7

Automated Readability Index

2.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.1

Sprache Readability Score

2.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

15

I am just very excited about the fact that this is in the top 10 legislative initiatives that the majority leader and the Republican Party have, and I welcome the opportunity to make a few remarks here.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.3979

VADER

0.899

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment

1.4692218974

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0354281277

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0198267371

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0079117897

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0037149384

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0036058002

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0003596546

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0002809669

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

2.7125E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

9.1469E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

9.519E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Civil Rights

Score:

37.964

Magnitude:

119

Code:

2

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#2

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

32.1

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

10

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

9

It is a tribute to Senator Lott and to Senator Chafee that they have made this a priority. It is the right thing to do, Mr. President, because I share with the American people the belief that our children ought to be able to drink clean water and breathe clean air and live in safe homes so they do not have to worry about environmental pollution, most specifically not having to live next to the stigma of a so-called Superfund site that never gets cleaned up.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.16667

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.16667

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.31015

VADER

0.877

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0578935607

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0336268597

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0261578825

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0100860379

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0079104619

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0069737966

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0039699757

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0036143829

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0004015122

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

9.81782E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

3.34765E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

57.8

Gunning-Fog Score

13.4

Coleman-Liau Index

9.2

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

21

We have some very good environmental laws on the books in this country -- the Clean Air Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, and others -- but there are a few that do not fit that category, that have failed. Superfund is one of those laws. It is up to this committee and to the Senate, I think, to take the leadership here and to try to make those corrections.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.78846

VADER

-0.302

Somewhat Negative

Moderation

Harassment

3.1730927527

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0213293068

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0055865105

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.003159108

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0014217128

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0004304536

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

3.09024E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

1.47272E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

4.653E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

2.1531E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

1.2498E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

43.22

Magnitude:

76

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Law and Crime

Score:

37.871

Magnitude:

76

Code:

12

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

71.9

Gunning-Fog Score

12.6

Coleman-Liau Index

8.1

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.2

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

11

To achieve meaningful reform -- and I mean reform -- we have to cut transaction costs. That is goal No. 1. The second goal is to reduce the time necessary to complete cleanup at these sites. The third goal is to inject some common sense into our cleanup program to reach sensible levels that protect our children and our environment.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.178

Leans Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0924729975

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0350349088

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0197321191

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0195595625

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0110472254

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0071498682

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0053783038

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0024293242

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0003135347

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

9.63227E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

7.7091E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

71.1

Gunning-Fog Score

8.1

Coleman-Liau Index

11

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

5.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.9

Sprache Readability Score

3.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

The bill we introduce today will accomplish each and every one of those goals. It improves the serious problem of brownfields, which our colleague, Senator Chafee, has already mentioned. Senator Abraham of Michigan is very much involved in this issue. We commend his leadership and look forward to working with him on the brownfields portion of this bill.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.61904

VADER

0.671

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.1778557431

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.1704590977

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0210370534

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0064377593

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.005349459

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0038272992

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0002613149

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

8.8164E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

5.92248E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

5.17504E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

2.4929E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Law and Crime

Score:

79.596

Magnitude:

64

Code:

12

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

56.5

Gunning-Fog Score

10.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

4.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

19

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

But we provide $60 million in new funding each year for States and localities for grants and loan programs to spur the cleanup and the redevelopment of these sites.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0967385015

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0478192844

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0145994767

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0131213092

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0070468712

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0033192064

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0006431139

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.000587049

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0001436418

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.46382E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.8531E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

57.8

Gunning-Fog Score

15.7

Coleman-Liau Index

11

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

12

I welcome the initiative on the part of our colleagues on the other side of our aisle on brownfields. It enhances the role of States by allowing them to take responsibility for conducting Superfund cleanups and increases citizen participation. It reinjects common sense back into the cleanup process by taking the future use of the site into consideration when cleanup remedies are elected.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

3.04452

VADER

0.459

Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.1240440877

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0706124236

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0176499583

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0174912188

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0162758923

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0019555104

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0019129975

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0003553409

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0001006871

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.92914E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.8012E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

36.5

Gunning-Fog Score

16

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

It promotes the use of innovative technology to ensure that the citizenry can have the benefit of the most up-to-date scientific approaches to cleanup and eliminates potential liability for tens of thousands of average citizens, small businesses, schools, churches, the Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, and others who have been caught up in this Superfund liability net. It caps the liability of municipalities and other entities that owned or operated municipal sites and did so legally.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0.807

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0047790676

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0038328955

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0029780158

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0002820639

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0002774714

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.000270636

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0001619271

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.24945E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

5.9206E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

4.7518E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

2.747E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Law and Crime

Score:

70.267

Magnitude:

69

Code:

12

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

16.1

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

Finally, it reduces litigation by creating a fair-share allocation process at multiparty sites where the trust fund will pick up the cost of the defunct or insolvent parties in wastes that cannot be attributed to a viable party.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.844

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0259694731

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.018253256

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.004257814

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.001632995

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0011579591

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0010162841

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.000178976

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0001199119

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.71123E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

2.04319E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

3.7328E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

84.916

Magnitude:

47

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

26.3

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Thus, Mr. President, what this bill does, in a nutshell, is it stops paying lawyers and starts paying for cleanup. I think that is a tremendous improvement over current law. So the discussions over the past 2 years, which Senator Chafee has mentioned, which I have been involved in with the administration, Administrator Browner, and my colleagues on the other side of the aisle, have been productive. We have learned a lot. We are ready to roll up our sleeves again and get it done. We were very close to an agreement last time. We look forward to working with our colleagues and with the President of the United States to get it done in a bipartisan way.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.46667

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.46667

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.93827

VADER

0.88

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0181500101

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0100704783

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0066157416

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0019801957

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0010123125

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0008285285

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.000537491

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

9.63817E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

4.93777E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

2.29235E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.9007E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

71.4

Gunning-Fog Score

9.3

Coleman-Liau Index

10.2

SMOG Index

10.5

Automated Readability Index

6.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

27

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

As the Chairman of the Senate Subcommittee on Superfund, Waste Control and Risk Assessment, I am here today, along with Senator Chafee, the Chairman of the Environment Committee, to introduce some commonsense legislation to put the Superfund law back on track toward achieving its original goal of protecting our Nation's children from environmental pollutants in the quickest practical manner possible.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.45199

VADER

-0.382

Somewhat Negative

Moderation

Sexual

0.0694408664

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0074912634

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0047823181

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0023128423

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0022481741

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0009805282

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0002497033

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

8.32622E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

5.73012E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

3.2529E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

2.1467E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

83.593

Magnitude:

28

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

I would like to thank the Republican Leader, Senator Lott and all of the members of the Republican Conference who have co-sponsored our legislation -- The Superfund Cleanup Acceleration Act -- for recognizing the importance of improving the Superfund program. By making this one of the "top 10" Senate priorities for the 105th Congress, I believe we have demonstrated our strong commitment toward protecting our environment, improving environmental laws, and preserving the health of our Nation's children.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

3.04452

VADER

0.957

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment > Threatening

0.006528123

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0025903448

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0017042097

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0009028467

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0001715909

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

4.76894E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

3.39735E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.4116E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

5.784E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

2.636E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

2.314E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

96.732

Magnitude:

55

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

16.9

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

28

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

Before I describe our legislation, I would like to take a few minutes to talk about Superfund and how we find ourselves here today.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.361

Somewhat Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0270041375

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0147164479

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.003002706

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0010975814

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0004793773

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0003558963

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

8.81435E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

6.6086E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

8.4301E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

8.018E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

4.677E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

97.36

Magnitude:

21

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.1

Gunning-Fog Score

11.3

Coleman-Liau Index

10.2

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

11.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

2.5

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

2

Sprache Difficult Word Count

4

The history of Superfund is long and somewhat checkered. The program was created in 1980 to clean up abandoned hazardous waste sites, and at that time, it was anticipated that this program would clean up around 400 sites nationwide. Begun with the best of intentions, the program has not performed the way it should. So far Superfund has cost our Nation more than $40 billion dollars, yet, only 125 out of a total of around 1,300 sites have been removed from the Superfund list over the last 16 years. Superfund has become the classic example of a Federal program awash in redtape, litigation and gold plated spending.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.25131

VADER

0.612

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0080330166

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.00436669

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0027327016

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0007621145

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0002458707

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0001375984

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001176886

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

2.54684E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

5.9826E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

5.5408E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.1898E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

95.91

Magnitude:

57

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

61.9

Gunning-Fog Score

12.7

Coleman-Liau Index

10.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

32

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

The problems in Superfund are many. First, the Superfund liability scheme allows the Environmental Protection Agency to hold any potentially responsible party liable for the entire cleanup cost at a site -- irrespective of the type of contamination, when the material was disposed of, or whether the activity was legal. This is simply unfair and, not surprisingly, results in enormous litigation costs with 30 to 70 percent of every dollar spent on lawyers.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.38462

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.38462

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.74721

VADER

-0.545

Very Negative

Moderation

Harassment

0.0274669554

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0083543266

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0077612603

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0060630988

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0027027152

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0010341741

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0004001598

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0002022478

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.0406E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

9.0612E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

8.633E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

96.358

Magnitude:

58

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

23.9

Gunning-Fog Score

17.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

28

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Because of the fear of Superfund liability, many of our Nation's inner cities contain abandoned or underutilized properties -- dubbed Brownfields -- which lay fallow because private developers and municipalities don't want to be dragged into Superfund's litigation quagmire. In order to spur economic redevelopment, we must place a priority on fixing this problem.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.25131

VADER

-0.844

Very Negative

Moderation

Harassment

0.0103650396

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0065545406

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0013788303

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0009146921

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0003750695

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0002828291

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0001338739

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.67902E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

8.292E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

7.058E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

5.425E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

97.226

Magnitude:

54

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

8

Gunning-Fog Score

18.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

24

Sprache Difficult Word Count

24

Superfund sets out unrealistic cleanup goals which frequently ignore common sense in considering the future use of the site. All too often, sites that are destined to become industrial parks or parking lots are required to be cleaned to standards compatible with school playgrounds. We need to reinject common sense back into this program so that we protect real people from real risks, not hypothetical people from hypothetical risks. We must also recognize that the States, which are much better able to understand the concerns and needs of residents who live near these sites, should have the lead in determining how these sites are going to be cleaned up, and when.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.57895

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.57895

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.23676

VADER

0.024

Neutral

Moderation

Violence

0.0097842676

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0073821881

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0063930507

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.006099954

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.005552487

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0043502638

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0004725821

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.000416806

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.000335259

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0001592109

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

6.30907E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

95.331

Magnitude:

21

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

47.6

Gunning-Fog Score

15.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

31

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Because I am also the Chairman of the Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces, which funds the Department of Energy cleanup program, I am keenly aware that the real costs of Superfund are not limited solely to the private sector. Not only are there more than 155 Federal facilities on the Superfund list, but these sites represent the most complex and costly cleanup challenges in the program. The inability to create commonsense cleanup plans results in billions of dollars of additional liability to Federal agencies -- costs that ultimately come from the taxes we all pay. In a period of budget deficits and declining resources, we need to do a better job of making cleanup decisions.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.75

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.75

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.27273

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.27273

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.53408

VADER

0.188

Leans Positive

Moderation

Harassment

0.0081474485

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0002091926

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0001873327

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0001320761

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

5.07017E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

3.04292E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

8.6246E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

7.385E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

4.175E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.103E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

9.05E-8

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

96.05

Magnitude:

41

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

32

Gunning-Fog Score

17.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

46

Sprache Difficult Word Count

43

While Superfund was created with the hope of quickly dealing with the serious problem of toxic waste sites endangering our citizens, it is evident that Superfund has proceeded at a snail's pace and that most sites are still not cleaned up. I commend Carol Browner, the Administrator of the EPA, for recognizing this fact, and for instituting a series of administrative reforms in the last year -- reforms that reflect changes that I, and other Republicans have advocated for many years.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.25131

VADER

-0.352

Somewhat Negative

Moderation

Harassment > Threatening

0.0270554709

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0116405834

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0115088886

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0068139365

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0035815676

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.002949304

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0002862659

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0002472477

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.0002031819

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

5.19602E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

8.8285E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

43.25

Magnitude:

73

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Technology

Score:

37.099

Magnitude:

73

Code:

17

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#17

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

27.7

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

28

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Although I applaud the administration for making these changes, I believe it is too soon to declare victory in the effort to make Superfund work better. While improvements have been made in some areas, it is far too early to determine their true or lasting effect. I certainly do not agree with some in the Administration that feel that the administrative reforms have corrected all the problems of Superfund. The fact remains that even with the administrative reforms, too much money is spent on litigation, sites aren't being cleaned up fast enough, and children are being needlessly exposed to toxic contaminants.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.25131

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.99853

VADER

0.8

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment

0.0274543127

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0046901463

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0011499104

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0009568778

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0007185925

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0006857207

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.000199504

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

5.4993E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

4.3884E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

9.532E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

8.017E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

97.106

Magnitude:

39

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42.2

Gunning-Fog Score

14.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

29

Rather than reform Superfund on a piecemeal basis, as some may suggest, it is clear that comprehensive legislation is necessary to correct Superfund's deeper problems. The bill we have introduced will address those problems in a top-to-bottom fashion so that we can clean up all of these waste sites as quickly as possible.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.45199

VADER

-0.226

Slightly Negative

Moderation

Violence

0.0499566959

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.012330235

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0097256641

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.008259248

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0067701199

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0008433884

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0001854853

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

6.11999E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

8.5356E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.0424E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

1.3793E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

96.88

Magnitude:

68

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

45.1

Gunning-Fog Score

16.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

To achieve meaningful Superfund reform, it is necessary to meet three goals. The first is to cut the transaction costs of the program. That means cutting out the lawyers and ensuring that every dollar meant for cleanup goes to cleanup. The second goal is to reduce the time necessary to complete cleanup at these sites. Currently, it takes more than 12 years to clean up a site. We can do better than that. The last goal is to inject common sense into our cleanup program to reach sensible levels that protect our children and protect the environment.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.27297

VADER

0.893

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0936849916

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0448546227

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.01820537

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0074610638

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0060371363

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0022069087

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0007875919

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0003203913

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0002824808

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0002273878

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.0002075206

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

96.609

Magnitude:

104

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

68.1

Gunning-Fog Score

9.7

Coleman-Liau Index

11.1

SMOG Index

10.4

Automated Readability Index

7.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.4

Sprache Readability Score

4.2

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

The bill we are introducing today will accomplish each of these goals.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.422

Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.2245557494

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0161640084

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0146990991

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.006822883

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0015617268

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0010755705

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0010311202

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0002001767

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0001075577

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

7.47781E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.48083E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Macroeconomics

Score:

91.292

Magnitude:

54

Code:

1

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#1

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

67.8

Gunning-Fog Score

11.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

7.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.2

Sprache Readability Score

2.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

2

Sprache Difficult Word Count

4

Our legislation improves the serious problem of brownfields by providing $60 million in new funding each year to States and localities for grant and loan programs to spur the cleanup and redevelopment of these sites; It enhances the roll of States by allowing them to take primary responsibility for conducting Superfund cleanups.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.46634

VADER

0.318

Somewhat Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0370166497

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0081995451

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0025196065

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0008128096

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0006387772

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0003021982

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0002891502

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0001682513

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0001679403

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

5.10021E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.63923E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Macroeconomics

Score:

89.23

Magnitude:

44

Code:

1

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#1

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

9.3

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

22

It increases citizen participation by setting up Citizen Response Organizations to improve coordination between citizens, government and responsible parties.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.3979

VADER

0.785

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0710959604

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0182108401

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0109937027

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0031698302

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0015743117

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0008771003

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

9.88407E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.90582E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

1.40958E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

3.9514E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.984E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

96.483

Magnitude:

78

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

3.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

It reinjects common sense back into the cleanup process by taking the future use of the site into consideration when cleanup remedies are selected.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.56495

VADER

0

Neutral

Moderation

Violence

0.0206967408

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0191842977

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0100496327

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0098950411

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0052291198

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0008115656

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.0001477739

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

8.57379E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.56946E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

2.20186E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

1.34949E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

96.362

Magnitude:

76

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

34.4

Gunning-Fog Score

14.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.8

Sprache Readability Score

4.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

10

Sprache Difficult Word Count

11

It promotes the use of innovative technologies to insure that the citizenry can have the benefit of the most-up-to-date scientific approaches to cleanup.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

0.807

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0235243468

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0081915263

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0020469532

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0013422587

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0010046598

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0009037271

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

9.39789E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

4.88132E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

4.51714E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

2.16806E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

1.05217E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

95.128

Magnitude:

47

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

40.5

Gunning-Fog Score

18.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

4.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

It eliminates potential liability from tens of thousands of average citizens, small businesses, schools, churches, and others who are currently caught in the Superfund liability net.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.94591

VADER

-0.382

Somewhat Negative

Moderation

Sexual

0.0113663322

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0047361882

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0040632378

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0015449639

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0004539001

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.000430956

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

6.14723E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.3106E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

7.012E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

5.819E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.598E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

96.175

Magnitude:

92

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

11.2

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.5

Sprache Readability Score

4.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

It caps the liability of municipalities and other entities that owned or operated municipal waste sites.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.51083

VADER

-0.557

Very Negative

Moderation

Sexual

0.0263966387

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0090922484

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0041309391

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.00210693

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0010047719

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0006979201

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0001082899

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

6.0501E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

5.2167E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

2.0932E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.1542E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

97.17

Magnitude:

43

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

10.8

Gunning-Fog Score

18.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

3.2

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

7

And finally, it reduces litigation by creating a fair-share allocation process at multi-party sites where the Trust fund will pick up the cost of defunct or insolvent parties, or wastes that cannot be attributed to a viable party.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.844

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment

0.1361027826

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0091478993

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0057498903

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0015309746

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0009680362

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0004261298

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0001069356

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

3.75728E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

7.1364E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

4.833E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

2.4328E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

96.993

Magnitude:

107

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

28.8

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

11.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Among the significant issues we have focused on is the issue of brownfields. As many of my colleagues may know, there are a variety of bills that have been introduced by Senator Abraham, Senator Lieberman, Senator Lautenberg and others which attempt to take a crack at this issue.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.94591

VADER

0.527

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0410489563

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0109329958

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.009300738

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0035120684

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0015896547

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0010740586

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0002241693

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

5.93084E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

5.68451E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

5.65552E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.55075E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

97.364

Magnitude:

63

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

41.5

Gunning-Fog Score

13.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.5

Sprache Readability Score

4.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Many of the brownfield bills that have been introduced rely on tax credits or tax deductions to promote the cleanup of these sites. While the issue of tax credits does not fall within the jurisdiction of the Environment Committee, as this bill progresses toward passage, it is my intention to work with my colleagues to find common ground and provide additional support for these areas.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.76214

VADER

0.852

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0103105471

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0081044731

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0054084532

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0008412477

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0006509939

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0006403001

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0004162221

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

1.29929E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.02235E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.69E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.2256E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

96.92

Magnitude:

166

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42.4

Gunning-Fog Score

16.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

24

Liability has always been one of the most contentious issues in the Superfund reform debate. My position has been clear from the beginning. I believe that retroactive liability is fundamentally unfair and if I had my way, I would repeal it. Some of my colleagues see things differently. It is important to understand that the bill we are introducing represents many hours of intense discussions and all the parties involved will recognize some of their positions. The bill does not go as far as I would like. Equally, it asks that the other side to take a step forward as well. We each must take this step to improve a system which is not helping our citizens the way it should.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.26316

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.26316

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0.658

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment

0.0045664205

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0045572415

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0033419445

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0007632812

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0005246041

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0002832942

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0002438545

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.26011E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.68675E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

1.18802E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

2.65E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Technology

Score:

58.09

Magnitude:

82

Code:

17

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#17

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Topic:

Education

Score:

23.424

Magnitude:

82

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

61.4

Gunning-Fog Score

12

Coleman-Liau Index

10.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.8

Sprache Readability Score

4.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

29

Over the last 2 years, my staff and that of Senator Chafee have been engaged in bi-partisian discussions with Democrats and the Clinton administration. These discussions were long and sometimes pointed, but the participants in these negotiations understood that the Superfund program has flaws which need to be corrected.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.36772

VADER

0.214

Slightly Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.1065387391

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.1026940183

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0192085878

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0030269368

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.000823934

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0006989385

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.0002767441

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0002426871

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0001415064

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

3.86239E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.66866E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Government Operations

Score:

71.496

Magnitude:

94

Code:

20

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37.6

Gunning-Fog Score

17.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

19

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

While there is general agreement that cleanups should occur faster, and that there are too many lawyers in the system, there are many ideas about how to correct these problems. The discussions over the past 2 years have been productive and on many issues we are close to agreement. We look forward to working with our colleagues and the with the President to craft a bipartisan solution to the problems of Superfund.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.63636

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.63636

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.335

VADER

0.511

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment

0.1974471379

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0410062436

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0254408282

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

0.0137616575

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

0.0117235613

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0073470103

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0039442435

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0020669928

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0012009705

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0011947356

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0006310301

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

97.419

Magnitude:

86

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

53.2

Gunning-Fog Score

14.6

Coleman-Liau Index

11.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

19

The bill we introduce today incorporates many good ideas from our bipartisan negotiations. It represents a significant step away from where we started last Congress, and I believe it deserves, and will receive, bipartisan support.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

0.751

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence

0.0115573661

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0059338949

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0029160619

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0026913805

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0011393199

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.000390287

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

3.21138E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.7844E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

4.7221E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

2.142E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

1.6969E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Education

Score:

97.394

Magnitude:

86

Code:

6

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#6

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

34.4

Gunning-Fog Score

15

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.8

Sprache Readability Score

3.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

12

Much has been said about the Republican and Democratic positions on the environment. I urge my colleagues to move beyond the rhetoric and the posturing of the last election and examine the real situation. The bill we are introducing today will speed cleanups, take lawyers out of the system, inject common sense back into the process, and protect children much faster from toxic exposure than under current law. This should not merely be a top-10 priority on the Republican agenda, but it should be a top ten item on our shared agenda. I urge all of my colleagues to join with us to reform this program this year.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.70805

VADER

0.836

Very Positive

Moderation

Sexual

0.0084779495

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0060621045

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0059755235

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0023825105

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0011989965

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0005777504

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

8.10491E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

7.73793E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.82389E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

1.60319E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

4.1492E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Macroeconomics

Score:

37.581

Magnitude:

57

Code:

1

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#1

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

49.7

Gunning-Fog Score

14.2

Coleman-Liau Index

10.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

34

Sprache Difficult Word Count

34

I thank you, Mr. President. I thank my colleague.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.94591

VADER

0.612

Very Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.1240440877

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0706124236

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0176499583

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0174912188

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0162758923

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

0.0019555104

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0019129975

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0003553409

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

0.0001006871

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.92914E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.8012E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

0

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

100

Gunning-Fog Score

1.2

Coleman-Liau Index

8.3

SMOG Index

3.3

Automated Readability Index

0

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.4

Sprache Readability Score

1.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

3

Sprache Difficult Word Count

3

Mr. CHAFEE addressed the Chair.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

0

Neutral

Moderation

Violence

0.0088115768

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0055908589

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0042280422

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0012708041

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0010124264

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0002748321

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0002328386

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.86942E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

2.57949E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.55804E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

3.0501E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Health

Score:

93.89

Magnitude:

101

Code:

3

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#3

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

0

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

100

Gunning-Fog Score

1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

3.3

Automated Readability Index

3.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.6

Sprache Readability Score

1.2

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

3

Sprache Difficult Word Count

3

The Presiding Officer

The PRESIDING OFFICER.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0

Neutral

Moderation

Violence

0.0181114592

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0041850271

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0029572826

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0016474136

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0012508077

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0004549492

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0003620971

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

2.70617E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

1.55492E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

6.4034E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

5.1053E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Health

Score:

84.001

Magnitude:

131

Code:

3

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#3

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

44.2

Gunning-Fog Score

1.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

10.3

Automated Readability Index

6.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

1.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

3

Sprache Difficult Word Count

5

John Chafee

Mr. President, I want to stress the comments that Senator Smith made about a bipartisan approach.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.361

Somewhat Negative

Moderation

Violence

0.0252151134

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0158078736

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0137833529

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0078355501

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0004961282

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0001316956

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0001170107

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

3.9899E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.01326E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.66615E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

1.10072E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Health

Score:

81.8

Magnitude:

68

Code:

3

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#3

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

66.5

Gunning-Fog Score

5.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

5.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.3

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

8

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

John Chafee

As I mentioned before, this is legislation that we worked on. We believe it is very, very good legislation. We are not saying it is the end all and be all. Obviously, in our committee we will have hearings on it. All the members of the committee will have a chance to have their views expressed.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.664

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment

0.0746019359

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0146033621

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0061223502

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0053425108

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0028612683

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0015847203

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0006014474

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

9.8501E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

9.7442E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

8.2639E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

3.977E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Health

Score:

94.764

Magnitude:

83

Code:

3

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#3

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

79.1

Gunning-Fog Score

8.1

Coleman-Liau Index

8.6

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

3.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.1

Sprache Readability Score

2.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

John Chafee

We look forward to contributions from the members of the Democratic Party who are part of our Environment Committee. It is our hope that when we come forward with a bill to present on this floor finally for consideration by the body, that it will come out unanimously from our committee, will have the support of the administration, and will fulfill the desires of all of us that this legislation become law.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.77778

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.77778

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.7346

VADER

0.881

Very Positive

Moderation

Harassment

0.5066969432

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.002674907

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0017415845

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0006064381

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

0.0004428552

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence > Graphic

0.0003967228

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.000338269

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

5.36605E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

2.65297E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

2.47169E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

9.745E-7

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Labor

Score:

90.023

Magnitude:

67

Code:

5

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#5

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38.7

Gunning-Fog Score

18.3

Coleman-Liau Index

11.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

John Chafee

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Moderation

Violence > Graphic

0.0036368918

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment

0.0017487326

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Violence

0.0016814987

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Harassment > Threatening

0.0004384181

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual > Minors

0.0003021204

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate

0.0001303722

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Sexual

9.32533E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm

8.74973E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Intent

6.87624E-5

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Self-Harm > Instructions

6.0875E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Hate > Threatening

2.1953E-6

OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)

Topics

Topic:

Health

Score:

80.179

Magnitude:

60

Code:

3

Url:

https://fsc.al/cap-mc#3

Source:

Comparative Agendas

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.8

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Spencer Abraham

Mr. President, I would like to join the others on the Senate floor here today to congratulate Senator Chafee and Senator Smith on the introduction of their Superfund reform legislation. As an original cosponsor of this legislation, I support their efforts to speed the cleanup of polluted sites across this country.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.45199

VADER

0.735

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

45.3

Gunning-Fog Score

12.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

21

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

Spencer Abraham

And while this legislation has provisions targeting those sites currently on the national priority list, I should point out it also has provisions to speed the remediation of less seriously contaminated sites -- so-called brownfields.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.112

Leans Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

16.6

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Spencer Abraham

I am someone who is deeply concerned about brownfields and the economic and environmental damage they impose on communities.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.33647

VADER

-0.66

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

27.3

Gunning-Fog Score

16

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

3.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

9

Spencer Abraham

First, Senator Chafee, thank you very much for agreeing to speak with me on this very important issue. As the Senator knows, last year I introduced legislation along with Senator Lieberman which would provide tax incentives for the remediation of brownfields. This legislation is very important to communities across the country, and I intend to reintroduce similar legislation this Congress. It is my understanding that the bill introduced today focuses, in part, on our brownfields problem.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.45455

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.45455

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.8873

VADER

0.706

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

35

Gunning-Fog Score

15.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

4.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

21

John Chafee

The Senator from Michigan is correct. The focus of the Environment and Public Works Committee will extend beyond the National Priorities List to include solutions to our national brownfields problem. And while my committee does not have jurisdiction over tax measures, I recognize the leadership exerted by Senator Abraham to address the problem of brownfields and I hope to work with him on a variety of solutions to the environmental problems faced by this Nation's communities.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.36772

VADER

-0.273

Slightly Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

29.7

Gunning-Fog Score

15.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

31

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Spencer Abraham

I thank the Senator and I yield the floor.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.361

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

2.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

94.3

Gunning-Fog Score

3.6

Coleman-Liau Index

5.8

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

0.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4

Sprache Readability Score

1.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

2

Sprache Difficult Word Count

2

Don Nickles

Madam President, this bill, the Paycheck Protection Act, sponsored by myself, Senators Gregg, Lott, Inhofe, Hutchison from Texas, Cochran, Roberts, Hagel, Smith from New Hampshire, and Kempthorne, deals with making sure that no one is compelled to contribute to political campaigns with which they disagree. Senator Ford made an eloquent speech on campaign finance reform. I don't disagree with everything he said. I just disagree with parts of it.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.11111

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.11111

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.20067

VADER

-0.532

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

52

Gunning-Fog Score

11.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

30

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Don Nickles

Campaign reform is an issue a lot of us are going to be dealing with this year. It is important, in my opinion, Madam President, that we encourage people to participate in campaigns. We want more people all across the country to participate in the electoral process. It is a sad day when only half of the people vote in a Presidential election. Madam President, it is very important that nobody be compelled to contribute to a campaign with which they disagree. You might think, well, wait a minute, how in the world in 1997, in this day and age, would anybody be compelled to contribute to a campaign with which they disagree? But it happens. Unfortunately, Madam President, every week millions of Americans are having money taken out of their paycheck to contribute to candidates that they may well disagree with, but they didn't have a voice, a choice, or an option.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.05882

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.05882

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.11123

VADER

-0.158

Leans Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

58

Gunning-Fog Score

12.9

Coleman-Liau Index

10.7

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

36

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Don Nickles

Madam President, that is wrong. I will tell you that the origin of the bill we are introducing came from a town meeting that I had, where an individual -- a union member -- stood up in a town meeting and said, "I really resent the fact that my money is taken from me, without my vote, without my voice, without my option, and given to candidates and parties which I totally oppose." I said, "I agree with you. We will try to remedy that." That should not happen in America. That is something that sounds like it might happen in some totalitarian state where moneys or assets are confiscated and some corrupt politician would use it against their will. It is happening today. Millions of Americans are finding part of their paychecks taken from them without their voice or choice and used for political purposes with which they disagree.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.36364

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.36364

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.72594

VADER

-0.267

Slightly Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.4

Gunning-Fog Score

12

Coleman-Liau Index

10.6

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

37

Don Nickles

Madam President, this bill, the Paycheck Protection Act, which is sponsored by several of us, basically is very simple. It says that no individual, no employee working for a corporation, would be compelled to contribute to a political organization without their express consent. As a matter of fact, it says that no deduction from their wages would be used for political purposes unless they give prior written consent.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.85714

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.85714

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

-0.567

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37

Gunning-Fog Score

15.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

24

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Don Nickles

Consent is the big issue. If we are going to have campaign reform, I am going to tell my colleague, this is going to have to be part of the package.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

90.1

Gunning-Fog Score

6.2

Coleman-Liau Index

5.8

SMOG Index

3.3

Automated Readability Index

3.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.3

Sprache Readability Score

3.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

5

Sprache Difficult Word Count

7

Don Nickles

This is America. No one should be compelled to contribute to political purposes for which they disagree. And that applies for an individual where maybe their company has a PAC (political action committee), and maybe the board of directors or the officers say, "We want everybody to contribute." They can say what they want, but they cannot compel. No one should be compelled to contribute to a political organization, a political action committee, or to a labor organization against their will for political purposes. It is that simple.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.17007

VADER

-0.045

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42

Gunning-Fog Score

15

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.4

Sprache Readability Score

4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

19

Don Nickles

As Thomas Jefferson said, "To compel a man to furnish funds for the propagation of ideas he disbelieves or abhors . . . is sinful and tyrannical." We're not talking about nickels and dimes here, but untold millions of dollars in partisan political campaigns and propaganda. Since such funds are not required to be disclosed, it is impossible to determine the exact amount of this spending. However, estimates of this under- the-radar spending is somewhere between $300 million and $1 billion for this most recent election.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.58779

VADER

-0.739

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

46.8

Gunning-Fog Score

14.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

27

Sprache Difficult Word Count

33

Don Nickles

The way it is now, an employee paying dues to a labor organization has no choice over whether or not that labor organization can collect the money for politics. The only choice these employees have in the matter is to ask for a refund of the portion dues which is to be used for politics. This refund process is so lengthy and burdensome that it is next to impossible for someone to get their money back. Furthermore, for an employee to exercise their right to a refund of such dues, they are required to give up their right to vote in the labor organization that they are still required to pay for representing them. This is taxation without representation.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

-0.68

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

53.3

Gunning-Fog Score

14.9

Coleman-Liau Index

10.5

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

28

Sprache Difficult Word Count

24

Don Nickles

The Supreme Court has consistently ruled that employees paying dues to a labor organization cannot be forced to also pay for the activities outside the core representational activities, such as costs associated with political activities. The Clinton administration, however, has kept employees in the dark regarding the minimal rights they do have. One of the first acts of this administration was to repeal the very regulations to carry out the Supreme Court's decision, which protected employees forced to pay for politics.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.36842

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.36842

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.73089

VADER

0.784

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

23.8

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

30

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Don Nickles

People are recognizing the wrong brought upon Americans who have been given no choice in supporting causes for which they oppose. Even the administration's own National Labor Relations Board [NLRB], which has strong labor organization sentiments, recently ruled dues-paying employees are in the least entitled to information setting forth the percentage of those dues not related to collective bargaining activities. While this is a step in the right direction, more needs to be done.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.61904

VADER

0.022

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

35.5

Gunning-Fog Score

18

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Don Nickles

The Paycheck Protection Act protects employees from having their money involuntarily taken from them and used for politics. The act protects stockholders and employees of a corporation from having, as a condition of employment, dues, initiation fees, or other payments for politics taken from them without the separate, prior, written, voluntary authorization. Similarly, the act protects employees paying dues to a labor organization from having such dues, initiation fees, or other payments taken from them which are used for politics.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

3.29584

VADER

0.71

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

19

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

24

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Don Nickles

Mr. President, this act furthers the basic civil right spoken of by Thomas Jefferson. It does so by requiring that individuals not be compelled to fund or support activities outside the legitimate scope of the employer or labor organization. This bill pro-worker, pro-labor organization, and most importantly, pro-American.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.69231

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.69231

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.52606

VADER

0.638

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

39.6

Gunning-Fog Score

11.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.4

Sprache Readability Score

4.2

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

24

Don Nickles

I look forward to a broad bipartisan support for this bill.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

0.402

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

5.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

72.6

Gunning-Fog Score

8

Coleman-Liau Index

9.9

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

4.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.4

Sprache Readability Score

2.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

2

Sprache Difficult Word Count

5

Don Nickles

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.8

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

John Ashcroft

Mr. President, earlier today Senator Hatch introduced S. 10, the Violent and Repeat Offender Act of 1997. Senators Lott Domenici, Sessions, and I worked with him in developing the bill. While not perfect, the bill does take the initial steps in dealing with the epidemic of violent juvenile crime sweeping the Nation.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.29928

VADER

-0.939

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

56.4

Gunning-Fog Score

10.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

6.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.2

Sprache Readability Score

3.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

22

John Ashcroft

Mr. President, the face of crime in America is indeed changing. Throughout our history, one thing has been clear: Government's first responsibility is to keep the citizenry safe. John Jay wrote in The Federalist, No. 3 "Among the many objects to which a wise and free people find it necessary to direct their attention, that of providing for their safety seems to be first." The murderers, robbers, rapists, and drug dealers of yesteryear were typically adults. Now they are typically juveniles. As the age of these criminal predators becomes younger and younger with each passing year, so does the age of their victims.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.63599

VADER

-0.743

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.1

Gunning-Fog Score

10.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.6

Automated Readability Index

7.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

29

Sprache Difficult Word Count

36

John Ashcroft

Last Wednesday afternoon, 12-year-old Darryl Dayan Hall was abducted at gunpoint from the Southeast Washington area by three teenagers of a gang known as the Simple City Crew. This is the same gang that opened gunfire at a crowded community swimming pool in June 1993, wounding six children. This past Saturday, police found Darryl's frozen body. He had been shot once in the back of the head and at least once in the body.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.511

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

68.4

Gunning-Fog Score

9.7

Coleman-Liau Index

10.1

SMOG Index

10.8

Automated Readability Index

8.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

19

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

John Ashcroft

The three teenagers who are now charged with Darryl's murder have had numerous prior brushes with the law. One of Darryl's assailants was charged as a juvenile with possession of PCP in 1995 and then was released -- as is too often the case -- promising not to run afoul of the law again. Another of Darryl's assailants was, and is, on probation following his juvenile conviction last spring for possession of PCP with intent to distribute. Darryl's third assailant was charged as a juvenile just last month with carrying a deadly weapon.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.63636

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.63636

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.335

VADER

-0.823

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

49.9

Gunning-Fog Score

17

Coleman-Liau Index

11.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

29

Sprache Difficult Word Count

22

John Ashcroft

Mr. President, from 1984 to 1994, the number of juveniles murdered in this country increased 82 percent. In 1994, one of every five juveniles murdered were killed by another juvenile. The rate at which juveniles 14 to 17 years old were arrested for murder grew by 22 percent from 1990 to 1994 and the problem is going to get worse, much worse.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.77778

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.77778

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.7346

VADER

-0.984

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

5.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

84.7

Gunning-Fog Score

11.4

Coleman-Liau Index

7.6

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.1

Sprache Readability Score

3.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

12

John Ashcroft

Congress, over the last three decades, has established 131 separate Federal programs -- administered by 16 different departments and agencies -- to serve delinquent and at-risk youth, according to a report issued by GAO last March. Conservative estimates of Federal appropriations used for these at-risk and delinquent youth programs was more than $4 billion in fiscal year 1995.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

31.5

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

24

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

John Ashcroft

Despite this ongoing massive expenditure, the Federal Government has failed to meet its responsibility of providing public safety in this arena because it has not focused on holding juveniles accountable for their actions, it must focus on the problem of rising juvenile violence. We have a new category of offenders that deserve a new category of responses. We have criminals in our midst -- young criminals.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.71429

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.71429

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.46634

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.07692

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.07692

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.1431

VADER

-0.956

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

28.7

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

John Ashcroft

The juvenile offenders of today will become the career offenders of tomorrow, if Government continues to fail to recognize that America has an acute social illness that cannot be cured with money spent solely on social programs. This legislation takes a commonsense approach in dealing with the epidemic of juvenile violence. It would help States restore safety in urban, suburban, and rural communities.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.26826

VADER

-0.823

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

29.7

Gunning-Fog Score

17.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

John Ashcroft

This legislation would provide $2.5 billion in new incentive grants for States to enact certain accountability-based reforms to their juvenile justice systems. This legislation would authorize funding for various programs, including trying violent juveniles as adults; establishing the ability of States to collect juvenile criminal records, fingerprints, and photographs, and to share that criminal history information within the State, with other States, and with the Federal Government; and establishing the Serious Habitual Offender Comprehensive Action Program [SHOCAP]. In addition, religious organizations would be permitted to participate in rehabilitative programs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.29928

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.47368

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.47368

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.9694

VADER

-0.026

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

47

Sprache Difficult Word Count

45

John Ashcroft

Serious, violent, and repeat juvenile offenders must be held responsible for their crimes. Today we are living with a juvenile justice system that was created around the time of the silent film. We are living with a juvenile justice system that reprimands the crime victim for being at the wrong place at the wrong time, and then turns around and hugs the juvenile terrorist, whispering ever so softly into his ear, "Don't worry, the State will cure you." The juvenile justice system's primary goal is to treat and rehabilitate the juvenile offender. Such a system can handle runaways, truants, and other status offenders; but it is ill-equipped to deal with those who commit serious, violent, and repeat juvenile crime.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-3.43399

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.30435

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.30435

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.60077

VADER

-0.924

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

46.4

Gunning-Fog Score

16.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

38

Sprache Difficult Word Count

33

John Ashcroft

The criminal justice system, not the juvenile justice system, can emphasize that adult criminal acts have real consequences. The purpose of the criminal justice system is to punish, that is, to hold defendants accountable.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.818

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

32.8

Gunning-Fog Score

16.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.3

Sprache Readability Score

3.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

11

John Ashcroft

This legislation would provide financial assistance to States to help them reform their juvenile system. A State would be eligible to receive Federal funds if the State agrees to enact legislation that would provide for the adult prosecution -- as a matter of law or prosecutorial discretion -- of juveniles 14 or older who commit a violent crime, such as murder, forcible rape, armed robbery and assault with a deadly weapon; an offense involving a controlled substance; or an offense involving possession of a firearm or a destructive device.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.1

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.1

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.19106

VADER

-0.982

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

13.9

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

37

Sprache Difficult Word Count

39

John Ashcroft

Punishment of dangerous juvenile offenders as adults is an effective tool in fighting violent juvenile crime. For example, Jacksonville, FL State Attorney Harry Shorstein instituted a program to prosecute and incarcerate such offenders in 1992. Two years later, arrests for juveniles dropped from 7,184 to 5,475. While juvenile arrests increased for the Nation, Jacksonville's arrest rate decreased by 30 percent.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.84615

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.84615

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.12026

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.37949

VADER

-0.977

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

45.1

Gunning-Fog Score

15.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

33

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

John Ashcroft

States need to create and maintain juvenile criminal records. Typically, State statutes seal juvenile criminal records and expunge these records when the juvenile reaches age 18. The time has come to discard anachronistic ideas that crimes, no matter how heinous, by juveniles must be kept confidential.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.45199

VADER

-0.823

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

49.7

Gunning-Fog Score

14

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

3.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

John Ashcroft

Our laws view juveniles through the benevolent prism of kids gone astray. It should view them as young criminals who know that they can commit crimes, repeatedly as juveniles because their juvenile records are kept hidden under the veil of secrecy. These young criminals know that when they reach their 18th birthday, they can begin their second career as adult criminals with an unblemished record. In rhetoric we are protecting juveniles from the stigma of a record but in reality we are coddling criminals. We must separate rhetoric from reality by lifting the veil of secrecy.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.70805

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.05882

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.05882

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.11123

VADER

-0.844

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

49.9

Gunning-Fog Score

15.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

30

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

John Ashcroft

Law enforcement officers need to know the prior juvenile criminal records of individuals to assist them in criminal investigations and apprehension.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.45199

VADER

-0.872

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0.2

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.8

Sprache Readability Score

4.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

11

John Ashcroft

Law enforcement is in desperate need of access to juvenile criminal records, according to Police Chief David G. Walchak, who is also president of the International Association of Chiefs of Police. The police chief says, "Current juvenile records (both arrest and adjudication) are inconsistent across the states, and are usually unavailable to the various programs' staff who work with youthful offenders." The police chief further states that "There are only 26 states that even allow law enforcement access to juvenile records." In the words of Chief Walchak, "If we [law enforcement] don't know who the youthful offenders are, we can't appropriately intervene." It is that simple. As juvenile gangs spread from urban to suburban to rural areas, as they travel from State to State, the veil of secrecy draped over their criminal history records undermines law enforcement efforts.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.94444

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.27444

VADER

-0.908

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

44

Gunning-Fog Score

14.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

49

Sprache Difficult Word Count

44

John Ashcroft

This legislation would also provide money to States to create, maintain, and share juvenile criminal records, and to share those records with other Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies. Strengthening law enforcement should be a top priority.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.33647

VADER

0.727

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

40.6

Gunning-Fog Score

16

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

John Ashcroft

School officials need access to juvenile criminal records to assist them in providing for the best interests of all students. Students are vulnerable in unsafe school environments. The decline in school safety can be attributed to laws that protect dangerous students rather than innocent students. While visiting with school officials in Sikeston, MO, a teacher told me that a student came to school wearing an electronic monitoring ankle bracelet. The student told the teacher, "You don't know if I'm a murderer or a rapist and I ain't gonna tell you." That student was brutally honest. No one had any knowledge of what he had done and, more important, no way of finding out.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.15789

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.15789

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.30228

VADER

-0.849

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

54.2

Gunning-Fog Score

13.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

37

Sprache Difficult Word Count

36

John Ashcroft

If schools know the identity of a violent juvenile, they can respond to misbehavior by imposing stricter sanctions, assigning particular teachers, or having the student's locker near a teacher's doorway entrance so that the teacher can monitor his conduct during the changing of class periods. In short, this bill would allow school officials to take measures that could prevent violence at schools.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.813

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

30.7

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

John Ashcroft

For purposes of adult sentencing, adult courts need to know if a convicted felon has a history of criminal behavior. According to the 1991 Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities, nearly 40 percent of prison inmates had a prior record as a juvenile. That is approximately 4 in 10 prison inmates. This legislation will not enable criminals to masquerade as neophytes before the criminal justice system.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.71429

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.71429

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.46634

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.06667

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.06667

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.12516

VADER

-0.869

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38.3

Gunning-Fog Score

15.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

27

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

John Ashcroft

The bill allows State and local governments to use Federal funds to implement the Serious Habitual Offenders Comprehensive Action Program [SHOCAP].

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

-0.202

Slightly Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

17.3

Gunning-Fog Score

12

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.9

Sprache Readability Score

4.2

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

10

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

John Ashcroft

SHOCAP is a multiagency crime analysis and case management process for identifying and targeting the violent and hard-core juvenile offenders in a community.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.33647

VADER

-0.872

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

13.3

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.7

Sprache Readability Score

4.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

John Ashcroft

SHOCAP targets these serious habitual offenders for most intensive social supervisory interventions, the most intensive accountability in school attendance and discipline, and the most investigation and prosecution when they commit a crime.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.45199

VADER

-0.822

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

10

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

17

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

John Ashcroft

The OJJDP conducted five test pilots of SHOCAP. Oxnard, CA was one of the selected sites. SHOCAP was implemented in 1983. Oxnard found that less than 2 percent of all juveniles arrested in that community were responsible for 35 percent of felonies by juveniles. Four years later, Oxnard's violent crime dropped 38 percent. Illinois and Florida both have recently established statewide SHOCAP's. This bill would allow all jurisdictions to use Federal funds to implement SHOCAP.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.76214

VADER

-0.896

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

53.8

Gunning-Fog Score

12.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

37

Sprache Difficult Word Count

34

John Ashcroft

Reforms are necessary at the Federal level as well. This legislation would make it easier for Federal prosecutors to try juveniles as adults. Under the bill, U.S. attorneys would have discretion to decide whether to try as adults juveniles 14 years or older who are alleged to have committed an act which if committed by an adult would be a felony. This would eliminate juvenile transfer hearings that leave the transfer decision to juvenile court judges.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0.527

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

53.2

Gunning-Fog Score

12.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

4.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

John Ashcroft

Federal juvenile court proceedings would be open to the general public. When imposing a sentence, the district court would be allowed to consider the juvenile's entire prior juvenile records. In any case in which a juvenile is tried as an adult, access to the record of the offenses of the juvenile shall be made available in the same manner as is applicable to adult defendants. And in those cases in which the juvenile was adjudicated delinquent in Federal juvenile delinquency proceedings, the U.S. attorney would be allowed to release such records to law enforcement authorities of any jurisdiction and to school officials.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.22222

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.22222

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.42744

VADER

-0.382

Somewhat Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37.5

Gunning-Fog Score

17

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

35

Sprache Difficult Word Count

33

John Ashcroft

When the act committed by the juvenile is heinous, the punishment will be weighed accordingly. If tried and sentenced as an adult, the juvenile would be subject to the death penalty as an adult. In addition, the death penalty would be lowered from age 18 to 16.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.4

Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.4

Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.76214

VADER

-0.948

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

68.5

Gunning-Fog Score

13.1

Coleman-Liau Index

9.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

6.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.5

Sprache Readability Score

3.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

14

Sprache Difficult Word Count

15

John Ashcroft

The Government should mount a counterattack on gang violence. This legislation targets violent youth gangs, like the notorious Simple City Crew in the District. There would be new Federal penalties for offenses committed by criminal street gangs. Gangs are no longer concentrated in the big cities, they are now in rural towns. The bill would also provide $100 million to hire assistant U.S. attorneys to prosecute juvenile criminal street gangs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.16705

VADER

-0.966

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

54.7

Gunning-Fog Score

13.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.6

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

29

John Ashcroft

We must challenge this culture of violence and restore the culture of personal responsibility. It is high time to consider hardheaded and sensible juvenile justice policies. Where possible we must give second chances. Where necessary we must punish severely. This is a first step to restore justice to a nation that has grown weary of injustice.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.63599

VADER

-0.612

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

50.4

Gunning-Fog Score

13.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

3.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

John Ashcroft

In sum, this legislation would send a clear, cogent, and convincing message: serious acts have serious consequences.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.3979

VADER

0.572

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

30.3

Gunning-Fog Score

18.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.4

Sprache Readability Score

3.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

John Ashcroft

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.8

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Carl Levin

Mr. President, this Congress faces no more important task in these first few months than passing legislation to reform the campaign finance system. We just witnessed the most expensive campaign in the history of our country. According to the Washington Post, both major political party committees raised over $880 million in 1995 and 1996. That is estimated to be a 73 percent increase since the last Presidential election cycle.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.33647

VADER

0.595

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.2

Gunning-Fog Score

11.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

4.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

Carl Levin

The increase in "soft" money raised by the parties during that same period was threefold -- a 300 percent increase in "soft" money raised by the parties. The Washington Post again estimates that "soft" money contributions for 1995 and 1996 for Democrats was about $122 million, "soft" money contributions for Republicans was about $141 million. For a system that was supposed to eliminate contributions from corporations and unions, we have seen corporations and unions contribute or spend millions of dollars to aid in the election or defeat of congressional and Presidential candidates.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.38462

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.38462

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.74721

VADER

0.718

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

29.2

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

24

Carl Levin

For a system that was supposed to cap contributions from individuals at no more than $25,000 a year to national political parties and individual campaigns combined, we have seen hundreds of contributions from individuals to both parties that equal or exceed $100,000. For a system that was supposed to require that campaign advertisements be paid for with money subject to the contribution restrictions of our campaign finance laws, we have seen probably hundreds of commercials, many of which had a significant impact on the outcome of elections in which they were run, hundreds of commercials paid for with unregulated, unrestricted, undisclosed, so-called "soft" money.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.53846

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.53846

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.612

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

8.6

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

32

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Carl Levin

For the vast majority of these ads, the public does not know the basic facts of who contributed to the payments for these ads or how much was spent to air them. For years, we have pretended that we actually have had somewhat meaningful restrictions on campaign contributions. But with this past election cycle, the facade has fallen and we are faced with the naked truth that this system is wide open.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.63636

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.63636

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.335

VADER

0.211

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

60.3

Gunning-Fog Score

14.6

Coleman-Liau Index

10.7

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

Carl Levin

That is why I am joining with Senator Daschle today in sponsoring his proposal for campaign finance reform which would eliminate or rein in many of the worst loopholes in the current system including the raising and spending of unregulated or "soft" money, independent expenditures by national parties, and campaign ads which masquerade as so-called issue ads.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.34

Somewhat Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

3.6

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

10

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Carl Levin

Senator Daschle's bill is a comprehensive response to the problem and on balance it is an achievable and meaningful reform proposal. Senator Daschle has incorporated in his bill several provisions that I authored dealing with issue ads and independent expenditures by parties. The approach that my provision in this bill takes with respect to so-called issue ads is to redefine "express advocacy" to include any advertising broadcast on radio or television 90 days before a primary or general election which specifically mentions a candidate.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.83333

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.83333

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.03688

VADER

0.827

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

18.8

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

37

Sprache Difficult Word Count

35

Carl Levin

The Supreme Court has tried to draw a bright line in defining "express advocacy" by applying it only to those ads which include certain magic phrases like "Vote for Mrs. X" or "Defeat Mr. Y." Such a test though leaves out ads which target a specific candidate and do not use the magic words that deliver the same message -- for example, an ad that says, "Write to candidate Z and let him know how you feel" about an issue, which the ad has just strongly advocated or attacked.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.38462

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.38462

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.74721

VADER

0.735

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

66.3

Gunning-Fog Score

12.9

Coleman-Liau Index

9

SMOG Index

11.8

Automated Readability Index

9.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

Carl Levin

Now, my approach would treat any broadcast ad, any broadcast ad that appears within 90 days of an election in which a candidate is explicitly mentioned as "express advocacy" and payable therefore out of regulated funds. The approach which my provision takes with respect to independent expenditures by a party is to require a party to choose between making coordinated expenditures on behalf of a candidate or making independent expenditures. A party would not be allowed to have it both ways. And that is because it is impossible, practically speaking, for a national party to be truly independent from a candidate if it is also engaged in coordinated expenditures on that candidate's behalf. To argue otherwise defies common sense. It is one way or the other. If there is a coordinated campaign on the candidate's behalf, it is kind of hard to argue that that same national party can engage in coordinated expenditures relative to that campaign.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.80645

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.80645

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.09714

VADER

0.956

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37.5

Gunning-Fog Score

16.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

51

Sprache Difficult Word Count

40

Carl Levin

We should not delay the consideration of campaign finance reform legislation, but we can always find a reason not to do it. This year there is a new reason. I have heard the suggestion that we should put off consideration of campaign finance reform until the hearings before the Governmental Affairs Committee on campaign finance irregularities are finished, but the argument for delay has been used in one form or another for many, many Congresses and our job now is to show the American people that we can do it and we can do it now.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.719

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42.2

Gunning-Fog Score

16.1

Coleman-Liau Index

10.8

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

19

Carl Levin

The typical sophisticated analysis of the likelihood of campaign finance reform is that any reform is virtually impossible. "It will not happen," you hear among those so-called well-informed folks. "The gap simply cannot be bridged," some people say.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

0.557

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

47.4

Gunning-Fog Score

11.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

3.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

14

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

Carl Levin

We witnessed the end of the cold war 5 years ago. No one ever thought that was going to end. If we can achieve the end of the nuclear arms race, we surely can achieve the end of the money race in the American campaign system. I think most of us -- and I, surely -- want to be part of that effort. I want to do whatever it takes to facilitate action now. That is why I will be introducing in the next few days a more limited form of campaign finance reform to address certain limited, specific, but extensive abuses. Then, if we come to loggerheads over a comprehensive approach with more limited bills being offered as backups, there will be no excuse to not tackle at least some of the more pressing problems.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.95551

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.915

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

69.3

Gunning-Fog Score

10.9

Coleman-Liau Index

8.7

SMOG Index

10.7

Automated Readability Index

7.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

31

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Carl Levin

Let me take a minute, Mr. President, to show you how out of kilter this system has become. There's an article in today's Roll Call about the treatment of the Business Roundtable by the Republican Party. Now the Business Roundtable, which is an organization of the biggest and most influential corporations in America, doesn't need me or anybody else, probably, to stand up for it. I am sure it can handle itself quite adequately when it is picked on. But when you have the Republican Party calling in 24 CEO's of companies who are members of the Business Roundtable to begin the "process of behavior modification" according to the persons who spoke to Roll Call, you've got a serious problem.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.782

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

51.2

Gunning-Fog Score

12

Coleman-Liau Index

11.2

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

32

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

Carl Levin

"You have to fix the problem. You have to fix the Business Roundtable," one Republican source said, according to Roll Call, "explaining that the GOP leadership is urging the prestigious organization of corporate bigwigs to purge its staff." The article goes on.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

-0.402

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

53.6

Gunning-Fog Score

12.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.1

Sprache Readability Score

3.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

17

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Carl Levin

What a sad state of affairs, Mr. President. Congressional leaders, according to this article, are trying to pressure a private organization as to whom its members should employ to lobby their offices, the amount of support these corporations should give to their party activities and how they should spend their money to influence elections on issue ads. And it is all done with what seems to be a threat -- a "do this or else" attitude.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.25131

VADER

-0.494

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

57

Gunning-Fog Score

12.8

Coleman-Liau Index

11.7

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

21

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

Carl Levin

The Wall Street Journal, reporting on this CEO meeting, suggests that the threat is more explicit than implied. The Wall Street Journal of January 9, 1997, reported:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.527

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

67.8

Gunning-Fog Score

9.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

7.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.5

Sprache Readability Score

3.2

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

10

Sprache Difficult Word Count

11

Carl Levin

This is punishment, Mr. President, to be imposed on an organization by party and Congressional leaders. That is the message behind this action -- no money, no access -- and it looks awful. That is how far we have come in this scramble for campaign money, and that is why we have to make the effort now to get going on campaign finance reform.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.802

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

68.3

Gunning-Fog Score

8.1

Coleman-Liau Index

9.5

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

6.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.3

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

14

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Carl Levin

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent the two articles I referred to be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

63.8

Gunning-Fog Score

8.1

Coleman-Liau Index

10.5

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

3.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.9

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Carl Levin

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.8

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Carl Levin

Mr. President, I could not agree more with something Senator Daschle said earlier today, when he urged us to enact campaign finance reform within the first 100 days of this Congress. The public is looking at us with greater scrutiny in this area than they have ever looked before. We have been down this road before, and I have walked down this road with colleagues, often on a bipartisan basis.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.264

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

64.6

Gunning-Fog Score

9.9

Coleman-Liau Index

10.7

SMOG Index

10.3

Automated Readability Index

8.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

4.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

Carl Levin

The likelihood is we cannot get anything done in this area unless we act on a bipartisan basis. But act we must. That is what the public is telling us, and I believe the mood they are in will hold us accountable if we fail that charge.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.5

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.5

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.8473

VADER

-0.542

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

72.1

Gunning-Fog Score

9.7

Coleman-Liau Index

7.4

SMOG Index

9.9

Automated Readability Index

4.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.1

Sprache Readability Score

3.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

10

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Carl Levin

I thank the Chair and yield the floor.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.361

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

0

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

100

Gunning-Fog Score

3.2

Coleman-Liau Index

6.3

SMOG Index

3.3

Automated Readability Index

0.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

2.4

Sprache Readability Score

1.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

1

Sprache Difficult Word Count

1

Ted Kennedy

Mr. President, I give my strong support to the "Education for the 21st Century Act" introduced today by Senator Daschle on one of our principle democratic leadership initiatives.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

0.718

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38.5

Gunning-Fog Score

12.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8

Sprache Readability Score

3.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Ted Kennedy

Education must continue to be a top priority in this Congress. We need to do more to make college accessible and affordable for all students, to modernize school classrooms, to help communities build new school facilities and repair old ones, and to help all children learn to read so that they can read to learn.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.83333

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.83333

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.03688

VADER

0.735

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

51.3

Gunning-Fog Score

16.1

Coleman-Liau Index

11.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

10

Sprache Difficult Word Count

12

Ted Kennedy

It is not enough to maintain current spending levels for education. Modest increases are essential to meet rising enrollments and inflation.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

39.1

Gunning-Fog Score

13.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

2.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

11

Ted Kennedy

Too often, college is priced out of reach for many families. From 1980 to 1990, the cost of college rose by 126 percent, while family income increased by only 73 percent. To meet that rising cost, students are going deeper and deeper into debt. In the 1990s, students have borrowed more in student loans than in the three preceding decades combined.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.33647

VADER

-0.077

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

74.9

Gunning-Fog Score

9.4

Coleman-Liau Index

9.6

SMOG Index

9.7

Automated Readability Index

6.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.4

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

14

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Ted Kennedy

In 1996 alone, students borrowed $30 billion -- a 65-percent increase since 1993. Since 1988, borrowing in the Federal student loan program has increased by more than 100 percent, while starting salaries for college graduates failed to increase at all. Eighty percent of young adults with student loans make under $20,000 in their first year of repayment, barely enough to support the average repayment.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.423

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

61.2

Gunning-Fog Score

14.2

Coleman-Liau Index

11.6

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

21

Ted Kennedy

Communities are struggling to repair decrepit facilities, let alone build modern classrooms. Fourteen million children in a third of the Nation's schools are learning in sub-standard classrooms. Half the schools have unsatisfactory conditions. Forty-six percent of schools report insufficient electrical wiring for computers and communications equipment. The repair bill alone is estimated at $112 billion.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

-0.7

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

33.5

Gunning-Fog Score

13

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

Ted Kennedy

And while all this is happening, enrollments are at an all-time high of 52 million students, and thus are continuing to rise.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

69.5

Gunning-Fog Score

16.2

Coleman-Liau Index

9.3

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.6

Sprache Readability Score

4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

5

Sprache Difficult Word Count

7

Ted Kennedy

Forty percent of all children are now reading below their basic grade level. Many parents do not read to their children and with their children, even though we know that when parent involvement is high, student reading scores are also high.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

64.3

Gunning-Fog Score

9.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

11.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

2.6

Sprache Readability Score

4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

4

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

Ted Kennedy

Technology is a powerful tool for improving schools and encouraging economic growth. Computers enable teachers to spend more time with students and teach more effective lessons. By the year 2000, 60 percent of all jobs in the Nation will require skills in computer and network use. According to a recent GAO study, one in every four schools does not have sufficient computers to meet its needs. Only 9 percent of classrooms are connected to the Internet.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.69231

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.69231

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.52606

VADER

0.932

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

60.1

Gunning-Fog Score

12.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.5

Sprache Readability Score

4.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Ted Kennedy

Clearly, we are not prepared to meet the challenges of the next century. We have to do better, and the Education for the 21st Century Act will help us to meet the pressing needs of communities, schools, and families.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.61904

VADER

0.809

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

63.4

Gunning-Fog Score

11.9

Coleman-Liau Index

9.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5

Sprache Readability Score

3.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

10

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Ted Kennedy

The Act includes four separate titles: The Higher Education Affordability Act, which includes President Clinton's $1,500 Hope Tuition Tax Credit, the $10,000 tuition tax deduction, and the restoration of the tax deduction for student loan interest; The Educational Facilities Improvement Act; The America Reads Challenge Act, which includes The Parents as First Teachers Act and The Challenging America's Young Readers Act; and The Investing in Technology in the Classroom Act.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.16705

VADER

0.908

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Ted Kennedy

The Hope Tax Credit will make at least 2 years of community college affordable for every student. The bill provides a $1,500 a year refundable tax credit for net tuition payments during the first 2 years of college after high school for full-time students. Part-time students may receive $750 per year. The tax benefit is phased out for single persons between $50,000 and $70,000 in adjusted gross income, and phased out for couples between $80,000 and $100,000. Only students who have a cumulative "B" average from high school, or its equivalent, qualify for the credit. Pell grants and the tax credit are additive, up to the value of the net tuition paid.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.02165

VADER

0.938

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

73

Gunning-Fog Score

11.6

Coleman-Liau Index

8.5

SMOG Index

11

Automated Readability Index

7.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

28

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

Ted Kennedy

The $10,000 tax deduction will be available to all families with incomes below $100,000. The bill provides an above-the-line deduction of up to $10,000 per taxpayer per year for net tuition expenses. The deduction is available for all college and graduate schools, and the income limits are the same as those provided under the Hope Tax Credit.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.36772

VADER

0.671

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

65.8

Gunning-Fog Score

14.7

Coleman-Liau Index

8.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.8

Sprache Readability Score

4.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

Ted Kennedy

The bill also restores the deduction for interest on student loans that was available before the Tax Reform Act of 1986. Unlike the previous deduction, this bill provides an above-the-line deduction. The income limits are the same as those provided under the Hope Tax Credit.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.61904

VADER

0.866

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.5

Gunning-Fog Score

12.2

Coleman-Liau Index

11.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.5

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

14

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Ted Kennedy

The Educational Facilities Improvement Act instructs the Federal Government to pay up to 50 percent of the interest costs on State and local bonds to finance school repair, renovation, modernization and construction. Twenty percent of the funds will go directly from the Secretary of Education to the 100 poorest school districts under a formula based on the number of poor children. The remainder of the funds will be awarded to States to provide assistance to State or local bond authorities.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.85714

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.85714

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

0.25

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

35.9

Gunning-Fog Score

15.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

30

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Ted Kennedy

The America Reads Challenge Act includes two components: The Parents as First Teachers Act and the Challenge America's Young Readers Act. The Parents as First Teachers Act -- recognizing that parents are the best first teachers -- will support national and regional parent networks that disseminate information on helping parents help their children to read. It will also fund programs to expand successful programs and activities that help parents increase the reading skills of their children.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.97

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

40

Gunning-Fog Score

14.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

22

Ted Kennedy

The Challenging America's Young Readers Act will help State and local organizations help children learn to read by the third grade. Programs funded by this act will provide 30,000 reading specialists and volunteer coordinators to run tutoring assistance programs outside regular school hours to more than 3 million children.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.76214

VADER

0.718

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42.7

Gunning-Fog Score

16.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

14

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

Ted Kennedy

My hope is that these proposals will receive the bipartisan support they deserve, so they can be in place for the beginning of the next academic year this fall. Improving education or opportunities for education is clearly one of our highest national priorities. Few things which this Congress does will matter more to the country's future. Investing in education is investing in a stronger America here at home and around the world, and I look forward to working with my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to enact these important measures.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

3.3673

VADER

0.925

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

47.4

Gunning-Fog Score

15.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

24

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

John Breaux

Mr. President, I would like to make a few remarks about S. 12, the Education for the 21st Century Act, and our efforts to improve elementary and secondary educational opportunities for our Nation's children, as well as make higher education more accessible for adults.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

3.13549

VADER

0.844

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42

Gunning-Fog Score

11.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.5

Sprache Readability Score

3.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

John Breaux

Quality education is necessary not only for the future of our children and our families, but for the future of our Nation. A better educated workforce is essential to compete in the global economy and to maintain a strong democracy. Every Member of this body knows that a high school diploma is worth far less in today's marketplace than a generation ago. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 60 percent of all jobs created between 1992 and 2005 will require education beyond high school. Modern society has little room for those who cannot read, write, and compute effectively; solve problems; and continually learn new technologies and skills.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.8473

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.88235

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.88235

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.3979

VADER

0.94

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

50.9

Gunning-Fog Score

12.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

37

Sprache Difficult Word Count

38

John Breaux

The Education for the 21st Century Act includes a number of important initiatives that, if enacted, will make educational opportunities more accessible for Americans: The HOPE Scholarship, the tax deduction for higher education expenses, the student loan interest deduction, and the technology literacy and America Reads initiatives. Another area of concern that S. 12 addresses is the declining physical condition of our Nation's schools.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.63599

VADER

0.884

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

13.3

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

28

Sprache Difficult Word Count

29

John Breaux

According to a June 1996 report by the U.S. General Accounting Office, nationwide, about a third of public elementary and secondary schools have at least one building needing extensive repair, and about 60 percent need extensive repair, overhaul, or replacement of at least one major building feature. Nationwide, about 58 percent of schools have at least one unsatisfactory environmental condition (i.e., lighting, heating, ventilation, indoor air quality, acoustics for noise control, and physical security). Nationwide, 21 percent of schools need to spend over the national average ($1.7 million) to bring their facilities into "good condition." Although a national problem, it is mirrored in every State. In my own State of Louisiana, about 38 percent of public elementary and secondary schools have at least one building needing extensive repair. Fifty-six percent of Louisiana schools have at least one unsatisfactory environmental condition. Twenty-three percent of Louisiana schools need to spend over the national average to bring their facilities into "good condition." Sixty-five percent of Louisiana schools lack telephone lines for computer modems.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.11111

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.11111

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.21131

VADER

0.202

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37.8

Gunning-Fog Score

14.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

58

Sprache Difficult Word Count

45

John Breaux

It is important that we help schools, libraries, and local governments bring advanced telecommunications to millions who otherwise cannot participate in the new information age. Computer services like the Internet give young people in the most poor and remote communities access to the same information available in the best libraries and institutions in the country and the world. Unfortunately, many States and local governments have had to cut back on investment in education because of budget problems and limits on debt capacity.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.25131

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.41176

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.41176

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.82098

VADER

0.035

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

23.3

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

John Breaux

Some have argued that the proper role of Government is to try to solve everyone's problems from cradle to grave -- to create programs to protect citizens from everything, even themselves, because, as they say, "Government knows best." Others argue that Government has no role at all in helping people, other than getting out of the way and offer only a survival of the fittest solution. My colleagues let me suggest that the better role for Government to play is one that equips the American people with the means to solve their own problems.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.25131

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.22222

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.22222

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.42744

VADER

0.735

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

48

Gunning-Fog Score

15

Coleman-Liau Index

11.8

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

21

Sprache Difficult Word Count

22

John Breaux

Some want to abandon the public schools, not make them better -- as if removing the most motivated students and parents will somehow increase the drive to improve schools for everyone else. Others say education reform is a question of more resources and better management. Still others say an education system for the 21st century should be defined by its results and schools exist only if they attract students and satisfy parents; they serve everyone; and they operate on the premise that all students can succeed.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.95551

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.17007

VADER

0.945

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

41.7

Gunning-Fog Score

17.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

John Breaux

Whatever your point of view, the task of making education work falls to all of us. If we have learned anything over the past decades, it is there is no quick fix. This proposal will not transform our schools overnight. However, over time, it will be a meaningful step toward improving the lives and futures of families in Louisiana and throughout this Nation. I believe we should explore, and I am exploring, other ideas and options to help State and local governments address their infrastructure needs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.76214

VADER

0.681

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.5

Gunning-Fog Score

12.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

John Breaux

Mr. President, I hope my colleagues will favorably consider this legislation. As we move through the 105th Congress and consider all of the various proposals to produce a balanced federal budget, we must be mindful that our intent is to provide, not deny, American families the means and the opportunity to take part in our global economy.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.56495

VADER

0.828

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

43.6

Gunning-Fog Score

15.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

John Breaux

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.8

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

John Breaux

Mr. President, I rise today in support of the Children's Health Coverage Act of 1997, a bill designed to expand health insurance for an estimated 10 million American children who have no health insurance. Last year, when Congress passed the Kassebaum/Kennedy bill, it took a big step towards increasing the availability of private health insurance coverage for certain children. While the Kassebaum/ Kennedy legislation will increase access to the health insurance market for many people, there are still too many low-income working families in this country who are unable to afford coverage even though it may be more readily available to them.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

3.04452

VADER

0.735

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38.9

Gunning-Fog Score

16.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

32

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

John Breaux

According to a 1994 GAO report, 14.2 percent of all children are uninsured, the highest rate in any industrialized country. In Louisiana alone there are 254,952 children without health insurance. Nine out of ten of these children live in families with working parents. These parents go to work every day to earn a living and provide for their families. Some might say that providing for one's family should include health insurance but when you've got food to buy and rent to pay, health insurance to many parents is an unaffordable luxury. Perhaps even more troubling is that the number of uninsured children is expected to grow as employers continue to cut back on dependant coverage, leaving many working parents unable to afford insurance for their families. While Medicaid has picked up some of these children and will continue to do so, these expansions won't be enough to completely offset the loss in private coverage in this country.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.95551

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.57895

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.57895

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.23676

VADER

-0.916

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

50.1

Gunning-Fog Score

15.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

38

Sprache Difficult Word Count

36

John Breaux

Mr. President, an important lesson we have learned in recent years is that big government mandates won't work. But I believe expanding coverage of children is a necessary next step to follow up on the significant progress we made last year. We should build on the momentum from Kassebaum/Kennedy bill to help low-income working families buy health insurance they need for their children. Basic primary and preventive care services that insurance provides are critical to a child's healthy development, and like all kinds of preventive care, it's cheaper than treating a child once he or she gets sick. As we all know, uninsured children are more likely to get care in an emergency room at later stages in their illness and are more likely to require an expensive hospital stay.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.29928

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.35714

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.35714

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.71912

VADER

0.9

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

54.4

Gunning-Fog Score

14.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

31

Sprache Difficult Word Count

40

John Breaux

This bill is a market-based plan that will provide tax credits to help working families buy the health insurance they need. Our goal is to stimulate a competitive market for children's health plans which are relatively inexpensive but have a big economic payoff. I am hopeful that Democrats and Republicans will be able to work together on this issue because it's in everyone's interest that our nation's children have the health care and health insurance they need since they are the future of this country. For the future of a healthy America, we need healthy kids now.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.52381

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.52381

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.976

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

51.6

Gunning-Fog Score

14.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

Barbara A. Mikulski

Mr. President, I am honored to join the Senate Minority Leader in cosponsoring the Children's Health Coverage Act of 1997. This bill will help uninsured working families purchase health insurance for their children and will build on the success of last year's Kassebaum- Kennedy health care reform legislation. It makes the health of all America's children a national priority. It takes the Democratic health care agenda one more step.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

3.21888

VADER

0.957

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

54.3

Gunning-Fog Score

10.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

4.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Barbara A. Mikulski

Our country has failed to meet the health care needs of America's children. The United States has the highest rate of uninsured children of any industrialized country. In my home State of Maryland, nearly 1 in 5 children is uninsured. That's almost 200,000 kids in Maryland alone. This is a disgrace for a country as bountiful as ours is. We say children are our priority. We need to put in the lawbooks the values we hold in our hearts. That makes good policy and good sense.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.46667

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.46667

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.93827

VADER

0.883

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

5.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

76.2

Gunning-Fog Score

7.1

Coleman-Liau Index

9.3

SMOG Index

9.7

Automated Readability Index

4.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.1

Sprache Readability Score

3.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

14

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

Barbara A. Mikulski

These are the children of working families. Their parents may both be working 40-hour a week jobs. Jobs that put them over the poverty level but offer no benefits. This problem is pervasive. Nine out of ten children without insurance live in families with working parents. Two thirds of uninsured children live in families with incomes above the poverty line. The problem cuts across class and race.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.29928

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.42857

Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.42857

Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.78846

VADER

-0.942

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

5.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

70.1

Gunning-Fog Score

9.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

9.7

Automated Readability Index

5.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.5

Sprache Readability Score

2.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

Barbara A. Mikulski

As I travel through my own State, working parents tell me how they worry about their children not having health insurance. They are afraid that they won't be able to take them to the doctor when they get really sick. With this bill, American parents won't have to fear for their children. This legislation meets the peace of mind test.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.322

Somewhat Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

76

Gunning-Fog Score

8

Coleman-Liau Index

10.5

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

7.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

2.1

Sprache Readability Score

3.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

5

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Barbara A. Mikulski

I want to make sure children's health care needs are met comprehensively and equitably. This bill stands up and challenges what is wrong with our health care system. It affirms our need to develop human capital as well as economic capital. It's about getting our priorities straight and putting families first. I salute the Minority Leader for moving this important issue forward.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.52381

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.52381

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.848

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

55.1

Gunning-Fog Score

11.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.7

Automated Readability Index

8.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.9

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

21

Carol Moseley Braun

Mr. President, I rise today to offer my support as an original cosponsor of the Children's Health Coverage Act of 1997 -- S. 13. Vice President Hubert Humphrey may have summed it up best when he concluded that "the moral test of government is how that government treats those who are in the dawn of life, the children; those who are in the twilight of life, the elderly; and those who are in the shadows of life -- the sick, the needy, and the handicapped." Well, Mr. President, the Children's Health Coverage Act is our test for the 105th Congress and how this Congress will respond to the need to care for our children, who are in the dawn of their life; 10.5 million children have no health insurance coverage. The GAO conclusion that children without insurance are less likely to grow up to be healthy, and productive adults may be the most telling fact. If we know the effect being uninsured has on our children's ability to contribute to society, how can we not respond?

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.52381

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.52381

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.891

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

67.6

Gunning-Fog Score

12.6

Coleman-Liau Index

9.8

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

42

Sprache Difficult Word Count

43

Carol Moseley Braun

The ultimate guarantee of our children's health would be to make comprehensive health insurance coverage more readily available either through a private or public source. In the interim however, the Children's Health Coverage Act will make a number of important steps to improve the health of our children. First, enhancing health coverage for pregnant women will make our children healthy on the front-end through enhanced prenatal care. In 1993, almost 200,000 children were born to women who received either no prenatal care or prenatal care after the first trimester of their pregnancy. Good prenatal care can reduce rates of low-weight births and infant mortality, thus preventing avoidable disabilities.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.8473

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.75

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.75

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.81529

VADER

0.972

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

46.4

Gunning-Fog Score

16.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

32

Sprache Difficult Word Count

33

Carol Moseley Braun

Next, the Children's Health Coverage Act will not erode existing health coverage for children. Children are losing private health insurance coverage faster than any other group. In many cases, Medicaid has been the safety-net preventing children from becoming uninsured. S. 13 will stimulate the market for private children's health coverage and deter employers from dropping their contributions toward the coverage of their employees.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

-0.202

Slightly Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

43.1

Gunning-Fog Score

13.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

21

Carol Moseley Braun

Finally, the Children's Health Coverage Act makes the next logical step from the improvements made in the Kennedy-Kassebaum health care bill, by tackling the issue of insurance affordability. The right to buy insurance that you cannot afford really is not access at all. Millions of Americans were given more flexibility by making insurance more portable and ending "job lock." However, if the ability to pay your premiums severely restricts the options, have we truly ended "job lock." Mr. President, caring for our children is critical to the success and the survival of this nation. However, we must not be content with only meeting the physiological needs of our children. We must also adopt a holistic approach to meeting the needs of our children. A significant number of our children have special health care needs. There are also many children who have special educational, financial, and social needs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.63636

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.63636

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.44238

VADER

0.971

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

48.3

Gunning-Fog Score

12.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

41

Sprache Difficult Word Count

50

Carol Moseley Braun

During the "Stand for Children" rally in June of last year, five core principles were espoused that are essential to safeguarding our children. These principles are to give our children a Head start, a fair start, a safe start, a moral start, and a healthy start. These are fundamental principles that should govern our nation's agenda towards children. The Children's Health Coverage Act is a very good step toward ensuring a healthy start for our children. I hope that my colleagues can join me in supporting this important legislation.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

3.55535

VADER

0.972

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.5

Gunning-Fog Score

13

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

19

Sprache Difficult Word Count

21

Carol Moseley Braun

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.8

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Ted Kennedy

Mr. President, today I join with the distinguished Minority Leader, Senator Daschle, in co-sponsoring legislation important for the future of working families in this country. One of this Congress's highest priorities should be pension reform.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.94591

VADER

0.459

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

34.9

Gunning-Fog Score

12.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.6

Sprache Readability Score

3.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Ted Kennedy

The Treasury now spends $66 billion a year in tax subsidies to encourage pension coverage, but working families are not getting full value for this money. 56 percent of the workforce is not currently covered by any private pension plan. The situation is worse for employees of small businesses. Eighty-five percent of those employed by firms with fewer than 25 workers have no pension coverage. For low-wage workers, the situation is worst of all. More than 26 million employees -- 80 percent -- who earn under $15,000 a year are not covered by a pension plan. Forty-one million employees who earn less than $30,000 a year do not participate in a retirement plan -- 60 percent.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.913

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

64.3

Gunning-Fog Score

13.9

Coleman-Liau Index

10

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

32

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Ted Kennedy

Women make up an excessive portion of the working population that is not covered by a pension plan. Employees covered by union agreements are nearly twice as likely to have a pension, but women are half as likely to hold these jobs. More than eight million women who work for small firms have no access to pension coverage.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.75

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.75

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

-0.307

Somewhat Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

55.9

Gunning-Fog Score

14.6

Coleman-Liau Index

10.8

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

Ted Kennedy

Low-wage women are especially hard-hit. Sixty percent of those earning under $15,000 a year are women. Nearly sixteen million women who earn less than $15,000 a year are not participating in a pension plan -- 80 percent. Twenty-three million women earning less than $30,000 a year don't participate in a retirement plan -- nearly 60 percent.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

71.8

Gunning-Fog Score

10.7

Coleman-Liau Index

8.6

SMOG Index

10.8

Automated Readability Index

5.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.2

Sprache Readability Score

3.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Ted Kennedy

Women are more than twice as likely as men to hold part-time jobs, with no pension coverage. Women make up more than half the workforce in industries with the lowest rates of pension coverage -- such as the service and retail industries. In those industries with higher rates of access to pensions -- mining, durable manufacturing, and communications -- women make up just one-fourth of the workforce.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.63636

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.63636

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.335

VADER

-0.586

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

51.2

Gunning-Fog Score

15.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.4

Sprache Readability Score

4.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

Ted Kennedy

We must change these figures. I am proud to join in sponsoring the Retirement Security Act that Senator Daschle is introducing today to deal with these serious problems.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.58779

VADER

0.572

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

50.6

Gunning-Fog Score

9.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.2

Sprache Readability Score

3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

8

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Ted Kennedy

This bill will make real progress in expanding access to pensions for all working families. It will facilitate retirement savings by millions of Americans, by enabling workers to ask their employers to set aside savings from paychecks and deposit the savings directly into retirement accounts. This "pension checkoff" is a simple, practical step to make the private pension system more accessible to all workers.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

0.422

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

31.8

Gunning-Fog Score

17.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Ted Kennedy

The bill will also provide tax incentives for low-wage employees to set aside money for retirement. Families on the lower rungs of the economic ladder deserve a secure income when they retire. This bill will reform the tax laws to make them more beneficial to low-income workers. No one who works for a living should have to retire in poverty.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.042

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

64.2

Gunning-Fog Score

10.7

Coleman-Liau Index

10.6

SMOG Index

10.8

Automated Readability Index

7.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.1

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

22

Ted Kennedy

The bill advances other important goals as well. It strengthens the security of the pension system, so that the benefits families rely on will be there when they retire. It will stop employers from forcing employees to invest their retirement contributions in the employer's stock, against the workers' wishes. It will provide closer monitoring of pension plan terminations, to prevent companies from raiding employee pensions.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.25131

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0.866

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

36.8

Gunning-Fog Score

17.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.9

Sprache Readability Score

4.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Ted Kennedy

The bill also promotes pension portability. The checkoff system will allow employees to continue saving for retirement even if they change jobs or leave the labor market for a time. Wherever they go, they can take their pension plan with them. In addition, the bill makes it easier for employees to roll over their retirement accounts to a new employer's plan.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.95551

VADER

0.71

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

55.4

Gunning-Fog Score

14

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.9

Sprache Readability Score

3.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

Ted Kennedy

The bill will remove the most significant obstacles to pension coverage for women. It builds on the efforts of Senator Moseley-Braun and Senator Boxer in the last Congress to improve pension benefits for surviving spouses. It will also enable spouses to contribute to IRAs. The pension checkoff system will benefit millions of working women whose employers do not provide pension plans.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.6

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.6

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.77778

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.77778

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.7346

VADER

0.835

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38.3

Gunning-Fog Score

15.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.4

Sprache Readability Score

4.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Ted Kennedy

I commend Senator Daschle for the leadership he has shown in introducing this important bill. At a time when Social Security is facing tremendous budget pressure, it is essential that the private pension system be accessible and affordable to every working family. I look forward to working with colleagues on both sides of the aisle to pass this necessary legislation.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.83321

VADER

0.426

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

35.7

Gunning-Fog Score

16.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

24

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Ted Kennedy

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.8

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Joe Biden

Mr. President, today I rise to introduce -- along with Senator Daschle, Senator Leahy, and many other Senators -- legislation which will be a key cornerstone of the Senate Democrats anti-crime, anti-drug focus for the new Congress.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.94591

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

41.7

Gunning-Fog Score

10.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.6

Sprache Readability Score

4.2

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

Joe Biden

Our thrust is clear and straight-forward:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

0.382

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

0.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

100

Gunning-Fog Score

2.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

3.3

Automated Readability Index

4.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

2.6

Sprache Readability Score

1.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

1

Sprache Difficult Word Count

3

Joe Biden

We must continue the successes of the 1994 Biden crime law.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0.026

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

3.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

88

Gunning-Fog Score

8

Coleman-Liau Index

7.7

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

2.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

4

Sprache Difficult Word Count

4

Joe Biden

And, at the same time, we must take up the new challenge of confronting crime and drug abuse among our youth with a commonsense strategy balancing tough sanctions, certain punishment and protecting literally millions of kids from the criminals and drug pushers who can target any kid from any family whose parents are at work when the school day ends.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.36772

VADER

-0.936

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

14.8

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

19

Joe Biden

We must continue the success of the 1994 crime law.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0.052

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

2.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

95.2

Gunning-Fog Score

8

Coleman-Liau Index

6

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.2

Sprache Readability Score

2.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

3

Sprache Difficult Word Count

3

Joe Biden

While I give the credit first and foremost to the police officers on our Nation's streets, the verdict from the FBI's national crime statistics is that since the 1994 crime law, violent crime is down and down significantly:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.25131

VADER

-0.904

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

48

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

11.6

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Joe Biden

1996 is projected to have the lowest murder toll since 1988 -- and a murder rate that is lowest since 1971; 1996 is projected to have the lowest violent crime total since 1990; and the murder rate for wives, ex-wives and girlfriends at the hands of their "intimates" fell to an 18-year low in 1994 -- and is lower still in 1995.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.29928

VADER

-0.987

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

47

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

5.6

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

12

Joe Biden

This is a record of success which should convince the Senate to extend the 1994 crime law.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0.44

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

5.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

85.1

Gunning-Fog Score

6.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.1

SMOG Index

3.3

Automated Readability Index

6.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.5

Sprache Readability Score

3.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

5

Sprache Difficult Word Count

7

Joe Biden

Adding 25,000 more police by extending the 100,000 cops program for two more years.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

3.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

100

Gunning-Fog Score

8.9

Coleman-Liau Index

4.8

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

3.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

5

Sprache Difficult Word Count

5

Joe Biden

Extending the Violence Against Women Act funding to shelter 400,000 more battered women and their children and continuing to help States arrest and prosecute batterers. Providing an additional $5 billion to build up to 80,000 more prison cells for violent criminals -- we also propose to give States greater flexibility with these dollars to speed the prosecution of violent criminals and increase the use of drug testing. Provide $1 billion to extend such proven law enforcement programs as the Byrne anti-drug grants to State and local law enforcement. And, extend the crime law trust fund to fund all these initiatives from the cost-savings from downsizing the Federal Government -- without increasing the Federal budget deficit.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.83333

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.83333

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.03688

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.04

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.04

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.07696

VADER

-0.972

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

40.5

Gunning-Fog Score

18.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

46

Sprache Difficult Word Count

47

Joe Biden

The bottom line -- this bill calls on the full Senate to continue the successes of the 1994 Biden crime law.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.8473

VADER

0.026

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

80.8

Gunning-Fog Score

10

Coleman-Liau Index

8

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

7.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.9

Sprache Readability Score

3.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

5

Sprache Difficult Word Count

6

Joe Biden

But, this legislation does not stop there. In the face of rising teen drug abuse and rising youth violence -- despite some recent hopeful news -- we must undertake a comprehensive effort to target these problems. This legislation offers just such a comprehensive effort:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.853

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

53.6

Gunning-Fog Score

11.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

10.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

3.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

15

Joe Biden

First, we propose to reform the juvenile justice system to crack down on violent youth by:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

-0.128

Leans Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

63.7

Gunning-Fog Score

11.4

Coleman-Liau Index

11.1

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

8.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

3.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Joe Biden

Making some key changes to Federal law that respond to legitimate concerns which create the pressure to take the unwise step of prosecuting kids in our overburdened adult courts. Specifically, providing greater access to juveniles records and raising the mandatory release age for juveniles from 21 to 26 -- so juveniles will face up to 11 years in prison even if they are prosecuted as juveniles.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.38462

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.38462

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.74721

VADER

-0.494

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

34.6

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Joe Biden

Providing $1 billion to help States build prisons for violent juveniles as well as additional prosecutors and other improvements to State juvenile justice systems (including certain, graduated punishment for first-time and minor juvenile offenders).

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.8473

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.542

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

4.5

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

Joe Biden

Creating special juvenile "gun" courts where juvenile gun offenders are tried and sentenced on an expedited basis.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.29928

VADER

-0.361

Somewhat Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

40.3

Gunning-Fog Score

16.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.3

Sprache Readability Score

3.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

8

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Joe Biden

These are essential to controlling juvenile crime because, as every mother knows, immediate and certain punishment is the key to disciplining kids.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.33647

VADER

-0.681

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

26.8

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Joe Biden

Second, we must target one of the primary sources of youth violence -- street gangs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

-0.625

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

65.7

Gunning-Fog Score

11.3

Coleman-Liau Index

11.9

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

7.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

2.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

5

Sprache Difficult Word Count

6

Joe Biden

We propose aggressive steps to:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

-0.153

Leans Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

5.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

66.4

Gunning-Fog Score

10

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

5.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.6

Sprache Readability Score

1.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

2

Sprache Difficult Word Count

2

Joe Biden

Target gang paraphernalia by boosting the penalties for criminals who arm themselves with bullet-proof body armor and deadly accurate laser- sighting devices. And, as Senator Leahy has identified, we must make some commonsense reforms to speed law enforcement access to the numeric pagers so often used by youth gang criminals.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.8473

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.16705

VADER

-0.718

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

25

Gunning-Fog Score

18

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

24

Sprache Difficult Word Count

29

Joe Biden

Create a new crime of interstate franchise spread of street gangs -- a step which better targets Federal law enforcement resources than simply federalizing ever more State crimes and encroaching upon the State's traditional handling of juvenile crime.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.11111

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.11111

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.20067

VADER

-0.459

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

25.2

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

17

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

Joe Biden

Cracking down on street gangs also means that we should increase the penalties for witness intimidation, a favored tactic of criminal street gangs. This is a proposal outlined by the President just this weekend.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.51083

VADER

-0.273

Slightly Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

57.7

Gunning-Fog Score

11.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

11.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.4

Sprache Readability Score

3.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Joe Biden

Third, we must redouble our efforts to treat and prevent youth drug abuse.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

-0.34

Somewhat Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

5.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

76.5

Gunning-Fog Score

8.3

Coleman-Liau Index

11.4

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

6.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.9

Sprache Readability Score

2.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

7

Joe Biden

For the past several months, you have heard me modify one of the key arguments of the President's 1992 campaign by stating -- "it's drugs, stupid, it's drugs." This statement is -- unfortunately -- necessary in the face of rising drug abuse among our children. While drug abuse among adults is holding steady, all the surveys tell us that more and more children are falling prey to drugs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.42857

Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.42857

Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.78846

VADER

-0.957

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

61.2

Gunning-Fog Score

11.7

Coleman-Liau Index

11.3

SMOG Index

10.6

Automated Readability Index

11.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

4.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

Joe Biden

We propose a multi-prong response, because drugs need to be fought not only in our communities, but also in our scientific laboratories where important breakthroughs are being made into medicines to treat drug addiction -- we propose additional funding for the Federal Medications Development Program and to provide incentives to the private sector to develop new medicines to treat heroin and cocaine addiction.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.11111

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.11111

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.20067

VADER

0.743

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

Joe Biden

We must also expand drug courts to cover 50,000 children -- a vast improvement on the no drug testing, no treatment, and no threat of punishment system which typifies too many juvenile courts today.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.785

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

50.4

Gunning-Fog Score

18.3

Coleman-Liau Index

10.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

12

Joe Biden

As I proposed last year, we must tighten controls on the club drug -- ketamine -- that is popular with too many children today.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.422

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

57.6

Gunning-Fog Score

14.3

Coleman-Liau Index

10.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.4

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

7

Joe Biden

Funding drug treatment for 600,000 drug-addicted children is also key -- particularly as our Nation stands on the edge of a baby-boomerang wave that will mean more teenagers -- and more teen addicts.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.51083

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

50.4

Gunning-Fog Score

18.3

Coleman-Liau Index

10.7

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

Joe Biden

Reauthorizing the drug director's office as well as the Safe & Drug- Free Schools Program which is the core of Federal drug prevention efforts are two other necessary steps.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.807

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

49

Gunning-Fog Score

15.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

11

Joe Biden

In addition, and in response to the recent passage of so-called medical marijuana initiatives, we seek a measure which should be supported even by their proponents -- a simple study to determine if drug abuse among children rises in these two States.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.33647

VADER

-0.44

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

21.2

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

19

Joe Biden

Fourth, we call for a renewed effort to prevent youth violence.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.612

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

64.9

Gunning-Fog Score

11.7

Coleman-Liau Index

11.5

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

5.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

2.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

5

Sprache Difficult Word Count

5

Joe Biden

No where has the crime policy debate been subject to more distortions and misunderstandings than on a goal all of us should share -- let's prevent kids from getting involved in crime, violence and drugs in the first place.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.70805

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.81818

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.81818

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.94591

VADER

-0.9

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

48

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

11.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Joe Biden

To get past all the misunderstanding, we propose to call upon the prestigious, non-partisan National Academy of Sciences to answer the questions -- can we prevent youth crime? And, if so, how do we do so in the most efficient way possible?

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.58779

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.58779

VADER

-0.542

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

50.6

Gunning-Fog Score

14.1

Coleman-Liau Index

10.7

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.6

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Joe Biden

Let me repeat a challenge I offered last week -- I will live by the results of this study, if those who oppose prevention efforts will as well. If the national academy says we can't figure out this task, so be it, I will not seek appropriations for any funds we authorize through this legislation. But, if the national academy of sciences says that we can, I challenge all to support full funding for these crime prevention efforts.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.16705

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

55.5

Gunning-Fog Score

14.9

Coleman-Liau Index

10.5

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

21

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

Joe Biden

But, in the meantime, it seems to me that we do know at least one thing about preventing youth crime and drug abuse -- my mom summarized what we know in the simple phrase used by mothers everywhere: "Idle hands are the devil's workshop." This refers to the commonsense notion that if we can just get kids off the streets and into supervised programs during the after school hours when kids are likely to be the victims of gangs and criminals or the customers of drug pushers -- if we can just do that simply thing, with boys and girls clubs or many other proven efforts, we can make important in-roads against drug abuse and crime among children.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.83321

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.05882

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.05882

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.11123

VADER

-0.967

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

29.6

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

10.1

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

27

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Joe Biden

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.8

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Patrick Leahy

Mr. President, I am pleased to join with Senator Daschle and other Democratic Senators in introducing S. 15, the Youth Violence, Crime and Drug Abuse Control Act.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.8473

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.33647

VADER

-0.827

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

10.6

Automated Readability Index

5.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.6

Sprache Readability Score

2.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

14

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Patrick Leahy

Unfortunately, we need to look no further than today's headlines to see how badly we need this legislation. Over the past week, the chilling story has unfolded about Darryl Hall, a 12-year-old boy violently abducted on his way home from school in our Nation's Capital and then found dead and frozen with a gunshot to the back of his head. Three youths have been arrested, and the police suspect this heinous crime was the work of a gang. We must put a stop to the brutality of children killing children.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.57143

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.57143

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.18958

VADER

-0.987

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

63.9

Gunning-Fog Score

11.8

Coleman-Liau Index

9.8

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

10.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Patrick Leahy

We all want to protect the children of this country from becoming victims of crime, from joining gangs, and from becoming drug addicts. This is not a partisan issue. Gang members do not ask their new recruits whether they are Republican or Democrat. Criminals do not ask before they strike whether their victim is Republican or Democrat. We in Congress need to make every effort to work together to get a handle on this problem.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.4

Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.4

Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.76214

VADER

-0.848

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

63

Gunning-Fog Score

9.2

Coleman-Liau Index

11.4

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

7.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Patrick Leahy

The Democratic crime initiative we are introducing today builds on and continues the proven elements of the 1994 crime bill and takes the next steps to confront the problems of youth crime, drug abuse and gang violence. Our bill targets youthful offenders for certain punishment when they commit violent acts and offers helpful treatment when they need it. Although the number of juveniles arrested for violent crimes dipped in 1995, these numbers remain at unacceptable levels: sixty-four percent more juveniles were arrested for violent crimes in 1995 than in 1987.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-3.55535

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.42857

Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.42857

Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.86904

VADER

-0.991

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

44

Gunning-Fog Score

18.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

34

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

Patrick Leahy

Concern about the spread of gangs -- the violence, the drug dealing and other criminal activity that gangs leave in their wake -- has spread from our large cities to rural American towns. Indeed, one of the major factors responsible for the increases in juvenile crime over the past decade is the growth of criminal street gangs across this country. Although places such as Los Angeles or New York City first spring to mind when the word "gang" is mentioned, gangs are spreading across State boundaries and are problems today in many rural areas, as well as in urban centers.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.55556

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.55556

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

-0.906

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

46.8

Gunning-Fog Score

16.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

29

Sprache Difficult Word Count

29

Patrick Leahy

In my days as a prosecutor, gangs were unheard of in Vermont. Unfortunately, this is no longer the case. Just last month, the Vermont Corrections Commissioner reported significant increases in gang activity occurring in Vermont's prisons. There are also reports that franchises of the "los solidos" gang have set up shop in Rutland, and the "la familia" gang has moved into St. Johnsbury.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.153

Leans Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

49

Gunning-Fog Score

12

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.4

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Patrick Leahy

Gangs violate the law, corrupt our youth, and disturb the tranquility of our streets. They are a problem we all now face, and they are a driving force in the crime wave which this Congress and the Federal Government must address, in partnership with our States and communities and with law enforcement authorities at all levels.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.63599

VADER

-0.852

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

54.5

Gunning-Fog Score

15.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

Patrick Leahy

What do we propose to do about it? First, we hope to work constructively with our colleagues from the other side of the aisle to deal with the problems of gangs and youth violence. We were able to do that in 1994. Senator Biden, who was then chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, worked tirelessly to ensure passage of the 1994 crime law. The Democratic youth violence bill we introduce today has been crafted under the leadership of Senator Daschle and reflects the contributions of Senators Biden, Kohl, Feinstein, Kennedy, and others.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.58779

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.872

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

56.7

Gunning-Fog Score

11.3

Coleman-Liau Index

11.8

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

33

Sprache Difficult Word Count

32

Patrick Leahy

This Democratic leadership bill builds on the successes of the 1994 crime law, which is putting 100,000 cops on our Nation's streets and increased prevention and intervention efforts to keep children safe from crime and drugs. Specifically, our bill will:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.33647

VADER

0.153

Leans Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

64.3

Gunning-Fog Score

13.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

4.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

15

Patrick Leahy

Expand the community oriented policing [cops] program to put 25,000 more cops on the beat; Continue the Violence Against Women Act by providing $600 million to prosecute batterers, shelter 400,000 battered women and their children and continue the national domestic violence hotline; and Provide $5 billion to build prisons so that States requiring serious violent offenders to serve at least 85 percent of their sentences will be better able to house criminals.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.77778

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.77778

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.7346

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.951

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Patrick Leahy

The Democratic crime bill also looks to the future with new laws and programs to crack down on violent youth and gang violence. These measures target the use of "gang paraphernalia", the spread of gang "franchises", the intimidation of witnesses, and reform of the juvenile justice system, with more protection for the victims of juvenile crime.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.45199

VADER

-0.949

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42.5

Gunning-Fog Score

16.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

Patrick Leahy

Specifically, our bill would increase the penalties for illegally using "gang paraphernalia" such as body armor and laser sighting devices. Police officers use kevlar vests to protect their lives and hence our public safety. When criminals use kevlar vests, they do so to ensure their escape and enjoy the fruits of their crime. Under this bill, they would get more time when they are caught using such body armor in the commission of a crime.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.29928

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.64663

VADER

-0.026

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

54.7

Gunning-Fog Score

11.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.8

Automated Readability Index

10.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

Patrick Leahy

The bill also makes it easier for law enforcement to use clone beepers to investigate gang activity. Beepers are how gang members and drug dealers keep in touch with each other. One tool law enforcement uses to investigate these criminals is a "clone beeper", which displays the same numbers displayed on the beepers of targeted criminals. This bill will permit law enforcement to get a clone beeper with the same kind of court order they already use to get information on the numbers dialed to or from a telephone. This is not to be confused with wiretap order to eavesdrop on what people say; clone beepers only give information on the numbers displayed on the beeper. The bill will speed up the process for law enforcement to get "clone beepers." Our bill would double the penalty for using physical violence or threatening physical violence against witnesses, victims or informants. Nothing undermines our system of justice more than scaring people away from providing information that helps the police, prosecutors, judges and juries from finding the truth.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.375

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.375

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.7376

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.0303

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.0303

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.05884

VADER

-0.948

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

48.3

Gunning-Fog Score

15.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

57

Sprache Difficult Word Count

46

Patrick Leahy

The bill would create a new federal crime for expanding gangs across State borders and increase penalties for using firearms to commit drug trafficking crimes and crimes of violence.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.25131

VADER

-0.459

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

46.1

Gunning-Fog Score

18.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Patrick Leahy

We also propose several needed changes in the juvenile justice system to respond to the need to crack down on violent youth with the full force of the law. This means increasing the incarceration periods for juvenile offenders so that they may be incarcerated until the age of 26 instead of mandatory release at the age of 21, streamlining procedures for prosecuting violent juveniles as adults, and building more prisons to incarcerate juvenile offenders. In addition, our bill creates new juvenile gun and drug courts to speed prosecution and sentencing for drug abuse and weapons violations.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-3.29584

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.41176

Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.41176

Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.82098

VADER

-0.974

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

30.7

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

35

Sprache Difficult Word Count

37

Patrick Leahy

The bill also improves the rights of victims of violent juvenile crime. Whether the perpetrator of a violent crime is an adult or a juvenile, the victim should have the opportunity to speak to the sentencing judge and be entitled to restitution.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.22378

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.11111

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.11111

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.20067

VADER

-0.946

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

44.5

Gunning-Fog Score

17

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Patrick Leahy

Drugs have had a devastating affect on our society. It is clear that no solution to the juvenile crime problem will work if it does not address the role that drug abuse and drug trafficking play in creating unsafe environments for our children. For this reason, the Democratic crime bill includes measures to prevent and treat youth drug addiction. These measures include:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.70805

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.06667

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.06667

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.12516

VADER

-0.878

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

62.8

Gunning-Fog Score

10.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

9.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.1

Sprache Readability Score

4.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

24

Patrick Leahy

Providing $200 million investment in research and development of medicines to treat heroin and cocaine addiction; and Extending the drug courts program to force more than 500,000 adult and juvenile drug offenders to engage in a rigorous drug testing and drug treatment -- or face certain imprisonment.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.11111

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.11111

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.20067

VADER

-0.153

Leans Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

20.5

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

Patrick Leahy

We also protect children from becoming the victims of crime, with programs that would keep children like Darryl Hall in safer environments. These measures include:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.8473

VADER

0.273

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

58.8

Gunning-Fog Score

8.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

10.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5

Sprache Readability Score

2.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

9

Patrick Leahy

Extending the Safe and Drug Free Schools Program; and Creating after-school "safe havens" where children are protected from drugs, gangs and crime in supervised and productive environments.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.66667

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.66667

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.29928

VADER

0.866

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42.5

Gunning-Fog Score

16.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

12

Patrick Leahy

In Vermont, we have a very successful program called "Kids 'N Kops" that brings school-age children and our law enforcement officers together in a fun and constructive way. Last spring, the attorney general attended an annual event in Vermont celebrating this program and urged that the program be replicated elsewhere in the country. This bill would help make that a reality.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.8

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.8

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.84583

VADER

0.93

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

48

Gunning-Fog Score

16.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

19

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

Patrick Leahy

Youth crime has many causes, and no one bill can solve them all. But that should not paralyze us from taking sensible steps, in partnership with states and communities of all sizes and in all regions of the Nation, to begin turning the tables on youth crime and drug abuse. This bill proposes a balanced approach combining strong, targeted law enforcement measures with the prevention efforts that law enforcement officers on the front lines tell us are necessary to make a dent in the problem.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.29928

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.37949

VADER

-0.9

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

52.7

Gunning-Fog Score

17

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

29

Sprache Difficult Word Count

29

Patrick Leahy

In the final stages, the 1994 crime bill was passed over vigorous partisan obstacles and objections, and crime bills often spark some of our most partisan debates. But this time, we truly have the opportunity to pass a bipartisan bill with the active support of a president who is making youth crime prevention a priority in his second term and who supports the thrust of what we are proposing in this package. We have come forward with balanced, common-sense solutions to youth crime. We should debate and refine this bill as we go along, but these are not suggestions that should divide us along party lines.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.75

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.75

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.15789

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.15789

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.30228

VADER

0.431

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

54

Gunning-Fog Score

15.2

Coleman-Liau Index

11.2

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

33

Sprache Difficult Word Count

33

Patrick Leahy

We look forward to working with the administration, our Republican colleagues and the Department of Justice -- which has demonstrated its ability to move effectively in implementing anti-crime initiatives -- in bringing these proposals to Congress' front burner for debate and prompt action.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.11111

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.11111

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.20067

VADER

0.823

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

5.1

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

21

John Breaux

Mr. President, I am pleased to be an original cosponsor of this Democratic leadership bill -- the youth violence, crime, and drug abuse bill.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.33647

VADER

-0.823

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

55.4

Gunning-Fog Score

11.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.8

Sprache Readability Score

3.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

John Breaux

Crime ranks among the highest concerns of all Americans, no matter what their race or social background. Louisiana is no exception. In a recent poll, 86 percent of Louisianians said crime is a serious problem, ranking it as the No. 1 problem in our State. The city of New Orleans is experiencing a murder rate that is eight times higher than the national average. People want us and their local governments and State governments to do something about this problem.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.75

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.75

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.55556

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.55556

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

-0.976

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

62.2

Gunning-Fog Score

9.8

Coleman-Liau Index

11.6

SMOG Index

11

Automated Readability Index

7.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.6

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

John Breaux

The Federal Bureau of Investigation recently released statistics showing that serious and violent crime dropped nationwide in the first half of last year. It is good news, certainly, that violent crime in this country has gone down; but the bad news is that juvenile crime is on the increase. Youth crimes, particularly homicides perpetrated with guns, have skyrocketed. The average cost of incarcerating a juvenile for just 1 year is somewhere between $23,000 and $64,000. I strongly support this Democratic legislation because it focuses directly on juveniles, punishes violent youthful offenders, and provides more access to treatment and prevention programs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-3.49651

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.55556

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.55556

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.17007

VADER

-0.959

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

39.3

Gunning-Fog Score

18

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

41

Sprache Difficult Word Count

39

John Breaux

We must continue the success of the COPS Program and put 25,000 more cops on the beat. We must create a new Federal crime targeting the interstate franchising spread of criminal street gangs and other changes aimed at gang violence, such as increasing the penalties for witness intimidation. We must extend the drug court program to force some 500,000 drug offenders to engage in rigorous drug testing and treatment, or face imprisonment and, finally, we must continue to provide funds to arrest and prosecute batterers and shelter 400,000 battered women. Mr. President, this bill includes all of these provisions, and I would urge my colleagues to support it.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.81818

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.81818

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.1

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.1

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.19106

VADER

-0.898

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

58.5

Gunning-Fog Score

15.4

Coleman-Liau Index

11.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

45

Sprache Difficult Word Count

43

John Breaux

For the sake of generations to come, it is time that we attack crime with a renewed vigor. Today's juvenile criminal becomes tomorrow's adult criminal. We must pass this legislation.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.906

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

52.9

Gunning-Fog Score

13.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

6.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

2.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Tom Daschle

Mr. President, I am unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.4

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Tom Daschle

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

78.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.8

Coleman-Liau Index

8.8

SMOG Index

7.3

Automated Readability Index

2.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Frank R. Lautenberg

Madam President, today along with Senators Daschle, Baucus, Moynihan, Graham, Harry Reid, Boxer, Wyden, Levin, Torricelli, Sarbanes, and Breaux, I am introducing the Brownfields and Environmental Cleanup Act of 1997. This legislation is designed to foster the cleanup of potentially thousands of toxic waste sites across this country, and just as importantly this bill is about jobs, about revenue, and economic opportunity, because it will help turn abandoned industrial sites into engines of economic development.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.45199

VADER

0.25

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

7.5

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

35

Sprache Difficult Word Count

36

Frank R. Lautenberg

Madam President, I have been interested for a long time now in the issue of these abandoned, underutilized and contaminated industrial sites, commonly known as brownfields. Our Nation's great industrial tradition was the lifeblood of our Nation's economy. But this industrial tradition also entailed tremendous environmental costs. Sites were contaminated, and then when the manufacturers, the companies left, the legacy remained behind. Today, decaying industrial plants define the skyline and contaminate the land in many of our urban areas. Their rusting frames, like aging skyscrapers, are a silent reminder of those manufacturers that left, taking inner-city jobs and often inner- city hope with them.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.29412

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.29412

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.57054

VADER

0.758

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

30.3

Gunning-Fog Score

16.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

40

Sprache Difficult Word Count

37

Frank R. Lautenberg

Yet, Madam President, in these foul fields may lie the seeds of urban revitalization, and I continue to feel as I did when I introduced similar legislation in 1993 and 1996, that a brownfields cleanup program can spur significant economic development and create jobs. This type of cleanup initiative makes good environmental sense and good business sense. To appreciate, one need only look at a few of the brownfields success stories from across the States. Now, these are sites again that do not qualify as a Superfund site because they are not toxic enough, but they lie there and they contaminate not only the aesthetics of the area but also the opportunity for jobs and for business investment.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.02165

VADER

0.895

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42.8

Gunning-Fog Score

17.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

37

Sprache Difficult Word Count

35

Frank R. Lautenberg

A pilot project in Cleveland resulted in $3.2 million in private investment, a $1 million increase on the local tax base, and more than 170 new jobs. In Elizabeth, NJ, a former municipal landfill will be turned by the fall of 1998 into a major mall with 5,000 employees.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.60944

VADER

0.318

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

61.3

Gunning-Fog Score

14.8

Coleman-Liau Index

7.5

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

Frank R. Lautenberg

Madam President, the potential for job creation across the country is enormous, and every revitalized brownfields may represent for someone a field of dreams, especially to an unemployed urban worker.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.586

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

18.5

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Frank R. Lautenberg

While fostering jobs, brownfield cleanup also means that dangerous contaminants are removed from our environment, and the scars of decades of neglected industrial waste which disfigure our cities and suburbs and even rural areas may be finally allowed to heal. The Superfund Program provides Federal authority to assist in cleaning up abandoned waste sites that pose the most serious threats. However, there are in this country of ours 100,000 of these brownfield sites that do not fall under Superfund because of lower levels of contamination.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.83321

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.11111

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.11111

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.21131

VADER

-0.962

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

36.1

Gunning-Fog Score

18

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

33

Sprache Difficult Word Count

34

Frank R. Lautenberg

What do we do? We can't just watch them keep these communities from revitalizing themselves. The risks posed by many of these sites may be relatively low and others even nonexistent, because brownfields are abandoned or underutilized industrial or commercial sites where expansion or redevelopment is complicated by real or even perceived, not really factually established, environmental contamination. But their full economic use is being stymied because there is no ready mechanism for getting them evaluated or, if necessary, cleaned up, even when the owner of the property is ready, willing and eager to do so.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.8473

VADER

-0.226

Slightly Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

23.9

Gunning-Fog Score

18.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

29

Sprache Difficult Word Count

33

Frank R. Lautenberg

In addition, prospective purchasers and developers are reluctant to get involved in transactions with these properties because of their concern, however minimal, they might potentially create enormous environmental liability.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.29928

VADER

-0.245

Slightly Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

Frank R. Lautenberg

The challenge is to turn these abandoned properties into thriving businesses that can generate needed jobs and act as a catalyst for economic development.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.25131

VADER

-0.402

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

27.4

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.1

Sprache Readability Score

4.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

Frank R. Lautenberg

My legislation would provide financial assistance in the form of grants to local and State governments to inventory and evaluate brownfields sites. This would enable interested parties to know what would be required to clean the site and what reuse would best suit the property.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.70805

VADER

0.922

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

48.6

Gunning-Fog Score

17

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.4

Sprache Readability Score

4.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

Frank R. Lautenberg

My bill would also provide grants to State and local governments to establish and capitalize low-interest loan programs. These funds would be loaned to current owners, prospective purchasers and municipalities to facilitate voluntary cleanup actions where traditional lending mechanisms are just not available. The minimum seed money involved in the program would leverage substantial economic payoffs, as well as turning lands which may be of negative worth into assets for the future.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.57143

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.57143

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.18958

VADER

0.402

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

26.8

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

32

Sprache Difficult Word Count

36

Frank R. Lautenberg

The bill also would limit the potential liability of innocent buyers of these properties, and it would set a standard to gauge when parties couldn't have reasonably known that the property was contaminated. So there is no hidden liability in there. There is no sudden surprise for someone who conscientiously and innocently made an investment, and suddenly they find they are liable for far, far more than their initial investment.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.32

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

36.9

Gunning-Fog Score

18.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

19

Sprache Difficult Word Count

22

Frank R. Lautenberg

Madam President, cleaning up brownfields will mean a safer environment and more jobs for places that badly need them. It will also send a message to those who want to invest in our urban areas that they don't have to leave the inner city in search of open space. They can build right there in our downtowns, the places that already have the services, the infrastructure and the people to do the job.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.015

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

65.1

Gunning-Fog Score

11.9

Coleman-Liau Index

10

SMOG Index

9.9

Automated Readability Index

11.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Frank R. Lautenberg

There has been bipartisan interest, Madam President, in addressing brownfields, both in the Senate and in the other body on the other side of the Capitol. I am hopeful we can move this legislation forward in a cooperative way with support of Members on both sides of the aisle.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.94591

VADER

0.84

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

52.5

Gunning-Fog Score

13.9

Coleman-Liau Index

11.1

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.1

Sprache Readability Score

4.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

Frank R. Lautenberg

I ask unanimous consent that a copy of the bill, a section-by-section analysis and a letter of endorsement from the Regional Planning Association, the country's oldest planning organization, be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

0.494

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

19

Gunning-Fog Score

18.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

14

Sprache Difficult Word Count

15

Chris Dodd

Mr. President, I rise today to introduce the Working Families Child Care Act of 1997.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.494

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

3.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

80.8

Gunning-Fog Score

5.7

Coleman-Liau Index

9.3

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

2.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.6

Sprache Readability Score

2

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

4

Sprache Difficult Word Count

5

Chris Dodd

Mr. President, balancing the daunting responsibilities of work with the responsibilities of raising children is always a difficult task. It is especially challenging when so many parents today are working outside the home and are forced to depend on child care.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.8473

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.16705

VADER

-0.112

Leans Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

46.5

Gunning-Fog Score

11.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

10.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.3

Sprache Readability Score

3.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Chris Dodd

Not surprisingly, these challenges are especially acute for low income, working families. In fact according to a national child care study, when compared to all other income groups, the working poor are the least likely to receive assistance with child care costs -- even though it consumes a disproportionate share of their income -- 24 percent, compared to 6 percent for middle income families.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.11111

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.11111

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.20067

VADER

0.396

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37.6

Gunning-Fog Score

18.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

Chris Dodd

What's more, it's a constant struggle for low income families to remain self sufficient without child care assistance. In a survey of families on a waiting list in one community, it was found that of those paying for child care, 71 percent faced serious debt or bankruptcy.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

-0.604

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

57

Gunning-Fog Score

15.4

Coleman-Liau Index

11.5

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.5

Sprache Readability Score

4.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Chris Dodd

Currently, in 38 States and the District of Columbia the working poor are on waiting lists to receive child care. Georgia has 41,000 on its waiting list; Texas 36,000; Illinois 20,000; Alabama 20,000. Most of the States which don't have a waiting list either don't keep one, are expecting to create one in the future, or currently are experiencing a brief respite.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.94591

VADER

0.296

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

73

Gunning-Fog Score

11.2

Coleman-Liau Index

7.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.4

Sprache Readability Score

4.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Chris Dodd

In my own State of Connecticut, new openings for child care assistance were frozen in November 1993. When new slots became available, for only two days this past summer, 5,500 applications were received.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

0.494

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

62.7

Gunning-Fog Score

11.5

Coleman-Liau Index

11.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5

Sprache Readability Score

3.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

Chris Dodd

During the last Congress, we intensely debated the issue of child care -- in the larger context of welfare reform legislation. The original welfare legislation in January 1995 cut funds for child care and eliminated critically important health and safety standards.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.38462

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.38462

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.74721

VADER

0.881

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

25.8

Gunning-Fog Score

17

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

4.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

17

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Chris Dodd

In the 104th Congress I continued to fight for child care, offering amendments to increase funding and ensure quality. While I disagreed with the final welfare reform bill, I am pleased that many of these amendments succeeded and that in the end, the final bill included child care funding of $14.2 billion over 6 years and restored rigorous health and safety standards.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.625

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.625

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.34993

VADER

0.935

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

44.4

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

22

Chris Dodd

However, while the bill we passed made significant and crucial strides in providing child care for welfare recipients -- there is still work to be done.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

0.612

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.6

Gunning-Fog Score

14.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

4.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

9

Chris Dodd

The bill I am proposing today will address the issue of child care for low income working families and make it easier for them to access adequate child care assistance.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.56495

VADER

0.84

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

46.7

Gunning-Fog Score

18.7

Coleman-Liau Index

11.3

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

8

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

Chris Dodd

First, this legislation restores $1.4 billion in child care funding.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

0.494

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

61.3

Gunning-Fog Score

12

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

8.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

2.2

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

4

Sprache Difficult Word Count

4

Chris Dodd

According to a recent CBO report, even if states meet the work requirements of the welfare bill they will still be short $1.4 billion for money needed to continue serving certain low income working families. These aren't new recipients we're talking about, but instead families who were receiving child care assistance prior to passage of welfare reform legislation.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.55556

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.649

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37.4

Gunning-Fog Score

17.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

19

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

Chris Dodd

The legislation I am introducing today will prevent working parents from losing child care assistance simply as a result of the welfare reform bill.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.8473

VADER

0.178

Leans Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38

Gunning-Fog Score

14.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.8

Sprache Readability Score

4.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

10

Sprache Difficult Word Count

11

Chris Dodd

Second, it begins to address the shortage of assistance for working families, by raising the authorization for child care subsidies for low income working families from $1 billion per year to $2 billion per year.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.58779

VADER

0.026

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

33.5

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

Chris Dodd

And finally, it authorizes $500 million per year through 2002 to help communities meet supply shortages in areas such as infant care and school age care.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.46634

VADER

0.818

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

53.5

Gunning-Fog Score

18.1

Coleman-Liau Index

10.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.5

Sprache Readability Score

4.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

10

Chris Dodd

Even when subsidies are available, child care can be difficult to obtain. According to the National Academy of Sciences, there is "Consistent evidence of a relatively low supply of care for infants, for school age children, for children with disabilities and special health care needs and for parents with unconventional or shifting work hours." What's more, a 1995 GAO study based in Michigan found a shortage of infant and special needs child care in inner cities and a shortage of all types of child care in rural areas. So, we're not simply talking about financial assistance for child care, but whether child care actually exists.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.36364

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.36364

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.72594

VADER

0.923

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

44.8

Gunning-Fog Score

14.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

35

Sprache Difficult Word Count

36

Chris Dodd

This shortage of child care is a problem for both working families and welfare recipients who want to become self-sufficient. How can we expect someone to make the difficult transition from welfare to work when they cannot find an adequate provider for an infant or are forced to have a 6, 7 or 8 year old spend hours alone at home when the school day ends?

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.63599

VADER

-0.788

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.2

Gunning-Fog Score

18.2

Coleman-Liau Index

9.2

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

15

Chris Dodd

This lack of supervision can have a devastating long-term impact. One study found that children who start to take care of themselves in elementary school are significantly more likely to report high use of alcohol by the eighth grade. Eighth graders left home alone for 11 or more hours a week report significantly greater use of cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana then children not left home alone. We know all this, and yet only one third of the schools in low income neighborhoods offer school age child care, compared with 52 percent in more affluent areas.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.53846

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.53846

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

-0.13

Leans Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

55.6

Gunning-Fog Score

14.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

17

Sprache Difficult Word Count

24

Chris Dodd

For those struggling to make the difficult journey to self- sufficiency, the lack of available child care before 9, after 5, and on weekends can be an enormous problem. What's worse, such arrangements put the safety of a child in question.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.16705

VADER

-0.788

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

62.2

Gunning-Fog Score

14.1

Coleman-Liau Index

11.3

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.5

Sprache Readability Score

4.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Chris Dodd

The reality is that nearly 1 in 5 full time workers -- 14.3 million -- work nonstandard hours. More than 1 in 3 are women. However, only 10 percent of child care centers and 6 percent of family day care provide care on weekends. Yet one third of working mothers with incomes below poverty and one fourth of mothers with income above poverty, but below $25,000, work on weekends.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.78846

VADER

0.25

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

75.1

Gunning-Fog Score

10.9

Coleman-Liau Index

8.5

SMOG Index

10.8

Automated Readability Index

6.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.2

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

10

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Chris Dodd

An additional supply problem is that head start and other prekindergarten programs are part day and part year. As a result, they often do not meet the needs of parents who work full time. Less than 30 percent of Head Start programs operate on a full-time, full-year basis.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.78846

VADER

-0.402

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

74.9

Gunning-Fog Score

9.1

Coleman-Liau Index

9.6

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

7.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.3

Sprache Readability Score

3.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

9

Chris Dodd

Simply put, child care funds need to be available to make these programs accessible for working parents. In my view, we as a nation have a solemn commitment to guarantee that children will not be left to fend for themselves while their parents are working to put food on the table.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.46634

VADER

0.758

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

61.5

Gunning-Fog Score

13.3

Coleman-Liau Index

10.4

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Chris Dodd

Child care is one of the most important ingredients for helping poor working families achieve and maintain economic security. Like parents in any community and of any financial background, low income families need to know that when they go to work, their children will receive the care and assistance they need.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.69231

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.69231

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.52606

VADER

0.854

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

41.6

Gunning-Fog Score

17.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.4

Sprache Readability Score

4.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

10

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Chris Dodd

The bill I am introducing today will make it easier for low income, working families to balance the responsibilities of work and caring for their children. I urge all my colleagues to join together in supporting this legislation -- for the good of America's children.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.56495

VADER

0.898

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38.4

Gunning-Fog Score

16.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5

Sprache Readability Score

4.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

13

Tom Daschle

I ask unanimous consent that the bill be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

67.8

Gunning-Fog Score

8.1

Coleman-Liau Index

9.2

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

4.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.5

Sprache Readability Score

2.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

3

Sprache Difficult Word Count

5

Daniel Moynihan

Mr. President, I rise to reintroduce legislation that would establish a medical education trust fund to support America's 142 accredited medical schools and 1,250 teaching hospitals. These institutions are national treasures; they are the very best in the world. Yet today they find themselves in a precarious financial situation as market forces reshape the health care delivery system in the United States. Explicit and dedicated funding for these institutions, which this legislation will provide, will ensure that the United States continues to lead the world in the quality of its health care system.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.8

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.8

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.00148

VADER

0.983

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

41.1

Gunning-Fog Score

16

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

35

Sprache Difficult Word Count

35

Daniel Moynihan

This legislation requires that the public sector, through the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and the private sector, through an assessment on health insurance premiums, contribute broad-based and fair financial support.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

0.612

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

22.5

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

15

Sprache Difficult Word Count

17

Daniel Moynihan

Early on in the meeting, one of the seminarians remarked that the University of Minnesota might have to close its medical school. In an instant I realized I had heard something new. Minnesota is a place where they open medical schools, not close them. How, then, could this be? The answer was that Minnesota, being Minnesota, was a leading State in the growth of competitive health care markets, in which competing managed care organizations try to deliver services at lower costs. In this environment, HMO's and the like do not send patients to teaching hospitals, absent which you cannot have a medical school.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.44444

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.44444

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.89794

VADER

0.875

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

53.1

Gunning-Fog Score

12.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Daniel Moynihan

We are in the midst of a great era of discovery in medical science. It is certainly not a time to close medical schools. This great era of medical discovery is occurring right here in the United States, not in Europe like past ages of scientific discovery. And it is centered in New York City. This heroic age of medical science started in the late 1930's. Before then, the average patient was probably as well off, perhaps better, out of a hospital as in one. Progress from that point sixty years ago has been remarkable. The last few decades have brought us images of the inside of the human body based on the magnetic resonance of bodily tissues; laser surgery; micro surgery for reattaching limbs; and organ transplantation, among other wonders. Physicians are now working on a gene therapy that might eventually replace bypass surgery. I can hardly imagine what might be next.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.6

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.6

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.76471

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.76471

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.82455

VADER

0.98

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

54.7

Gunning-Fog Score

13.2

Coleman-Liau Index

11.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

50

Sprache Difficult Word Count

47

Daniel Moynihan

After months of hearings and debate on the President's Health Security Act, I became convinced that special provisions would have to be made for medical schools, teaching hospitals, and medical research if we were not to see this great moment in medical science suddenly constrained. To that end, when the Committee on Finance voted 12 to 8 on July 2, 1994 to report the Health Security Act, it included a Graduate Medical Education and Academic Health Centers Trust Fund. The trust fund provided an 80-percent increase in Federal funding for academic medicine; as importantly, it represented stable, long-term funding. While nothing came of the effort to enact universal health care coverage, the medical education trust fund enjoyed widespread support. An amendment by Senator Malcolm Wallop to kill the trust fund by striking the source of its revenue -- a 1.75-percent assessment on health insurance premiums -- failed on a 7 to 13 vote in the Finance Committee.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.8473

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.65517

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.65517

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.49393

VADER

0.98

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38.8

Gunning-Fog Score

18.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

60

Sprache Difficult Word Count

55

Daniel Moynihan

I continued to press the issue in the first session of the 104th Congress. On September 29, 1995, during Finance Committee consideration of budget reconciliation legislation, I offered an amendment to establish a similar trust fund. With a new majority in control and the committee in the midst of considering a highly partisan budget reconciliation bill, my amendment failed on a tie vote, 10 to 10. Notably, however, the House version of the reconciliation bill did include a graduate medical education trust fund. That provision ultimately passed both houses as part of the conference agreement, which was subsequently vetoed by President Clinton. The budget resolution for fiscal year 1997 as passed by Congress also appeared to assume that a similar trust fund was to be included in the Medicare reconciliation bill -- a bill which never materialized.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.66501

VADER

0.869

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

32

Gunning-Fog Score

18.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

59

Sprache Difficult Word Count

51

Daniel Moynihan

The chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, Representative Bill Archer, was largely responsible for the inclusion of trust fund provisions in the Balanced Budget Act of 1995 and the budget resolution for fiscal year 1997. He and I share a strong commitment to ensuring the continued success of our system of medical education. Indeed, Chairman Archer and I were both honored last year to receive the American Association of Medical Colleges' Public Service Excellence Award.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.84615

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.84615

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.12026

VADER

0.983

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

35.8

Gunning-Fog Score

15.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

30

Sprache Difficult Word Count

32

Daniel Moynihan

That is the history of this effort, briefly stated.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6.3

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

66.1

Gunning-Fog Score

8

Coleman-Liau Index

11

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

4.5

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

2.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

3

Sprache Difficult Word Count

4

Daniel Moynihan

ProPAC's June, 1996 Report to Congress confirmed that "major teaching hospitals have the dual problems of higher overall losses from uncompensated care and less above-cost revenue from private insurers." The State of New York provides a good example of what is happening as health care markets become more competitive. Effective at the end of the 1996 calendar year, New York repealed a State law that set hospital rates. Hospitals must now negotiate their fees with each and every health plan in the State. Where teaching hospitals were once guaranteed a payment that recognized, to some degree, its higher costs of providing services, the private sector is free to squeeze down payments to hospitals with no such recognition. While the State of New York operates funding pools that provide partial support for graduate medical education and uncompensated care, it is largely up to the teaching hospitals to try to win higher rates than other hospitals when negotiating contracts with health plans. Some may succeed in doing so, but most will probably not. New York's State law was unique, but the same process of negotiation between hospitals and private health plans takes place across the country. Who, in this context, will pay for the higher costs of operating teaching hospitals?

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.56098

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.56098

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.22995

VADER

0.889

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

50.1

Gunning-Fog Score

16.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

60

Sprache Difficult Word Count

63

Daniel Moynihan

It is obvious that teaching hospitals can no longer rely on higher payments from private payers to do so. Nor should they. The establishment of this trust fund, which explicitly reimburses teaching hospitals for the costs of graduate medical education, will ensure that teaching hospitals can pursue their vitally important patient care, training, and research missions in the face of an increasingly competitive health system.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.73333

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.73333

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.6864

VADER

0.802

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

36.5

Gunning-Fog Score

17.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

Daniel Moynihan

Medical schools also face an uncertain future. There are many policy issues that need to be examined regarding the role of medical schools in our health system, but two threats faced by medical schools require immediate attention. This legislation addresses both. First, many medical schools are immediately threatened by the dire financial condition of their affiliated teaching hospitals. Medical schools rely on teaching hospitals to provide a place for their faculty to practice and perform research, a place to send third and fourth-year medical school students for training, and for some direct revenues. By improving the financial condition of teaching hospitals, this legislation significantly improves the outlook for medical schools.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.02165

VADER

-0.71

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37.1

Gunning-Fog Score

17.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

44

Sprache Difficult Word Count

37

Daniel Moynihan

The second immediate threat faced by medical schools stems from their reliance on a portion of the clinical practice revenue generated by their faculties to support their operations. As competition within the health system intensifies and managed care proliferates, these revenues are shrinking. This legislation provides payments to medical schools from the trust fund that are designed to partially offset this loss of revenue.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.53846

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.53846

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.7

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

33.2

Gunning-Fog Score

18.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

30

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

Daniel Moynihan

None of the foregoing is meant to suggest that the new competitive forces reshaping health care have brought only negative results. To the contrary, the onset of competition has had many beneficial effects, the dramatic curtailing of growth in health insurance premiums being the most obvious. But as Monsignor Charles J. Fahey of Fordham warned in testimony before the Finance Committee in 1994, we must be wary of the "commodification of health care," by which he meant that health care is not just another commodity. We can rely on competition to hold down costs in much of the health system, but we must not allow it to bring a premature end to this great age of medical discovery, an age made possible by this country's exceptionally well-trained health professionals and superior medical schools and teaching hospitals. This legislation complements a competitive health market by providing tax- supported funding for the public services provided by teaching hospitals and medical schools.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.27273

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.27273

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.67294

VADER

0.931

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

35.4

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

51

Sprache Difficult Word Count

56

Daniel Moynihan

Over the 5 years following enactment, the medical education trust fund provides average annual payments of about $17 billion. The tax on health insurance premium -- including self-insured health plans -- raises approximately $4 billion per year for the trust fund. Federal health programs contribute about $13 billion per year to the trust fund: $9 billion in transfers of Medicare graduate medical education payments and $4 billion in federal Medicaid spending.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

0.872

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

32.1

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

32

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Daniel Moynihan

This legislation is only a first step. It establishes the principle that, as a public good, medical education should be supported by dedicated, long-term Federal funding. To ensure that the United States continues to lead the world in the quality of its medical education and its health system as a whole, the legislation would also create a Medical Education Advisory Commission to conduct a thorough study and make recommendations, including the potential use of demonstration projects, regarding the following: alternative and additional sources of medical education financing; alternative methodologies for financing medical education; policies designed to maintain superior research and educational capacities in an increasingly competitive health system; the appropriate role of medical schools in graduate medical education; and policies designed to expand eligibility for graduate medical education payments to institutions other than teaching hospitals.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.875

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.875

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.50144

VADER

0.967

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

9.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

66

Sprache Difficult Word Count

53

Daniel Moynihan

Mr. President, the services provided by this Nation's teaching hospitals and medical schools -- ground breaking research, highly skilled medical care, and the training of tomorrow's physicians -- are vitally important and must be protected in this time of intense economic competition in the health system.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.99853

VADER

0.862

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

30.7

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

22

Daniel Moynihan

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that additional material be printed in the Record.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.226

Slightly Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

36.6

Gunning-Fog Score

11.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

10.3

Automated Readability Index

6.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.2

Sprache Readability Score

2.2

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Daniel Moynihan

Mr. President, 1,074 days. Rather, one thousand seventy-four days and counting. We have 1,074 days until January 1, 2000. Historically, the passage of the century has caused quite a stir. Until now, however, there has been little factual basis on which doomsayers and apocalyptic fearmongers could spread their gospel. I rise today, on the first day of legislative business in the 105th Congress, to warn that we have cause for fear.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.893

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

5.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

72.6

Gunning-Fog Score

9.1

Coleman-Liau Index

10.4

SMOG Index

10.1

Automated Readability Index

4.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.4

Sprache Readability Score

4.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Daniel Moynihan

In the 6th century AD, the Western world began the practice of numbering years consecutively. The 6th-century monk, Dionysius Exiguus (known as "Denis the Small"), introduced the first consecutive year calendar. Popular mythology would have us believe that at the end of the first millennium, Christians and pagans everywhere were cowering in fear of the end of the world. Yet, current historians believe that at the end of the year 999, much of the populace had no idea what year it was, and thus no idea that the millennium was coming to a close. In an ironic twist of fate, many calendars in our current, most advanced technological society ever may be as inaccurate as those of the people who faced the beginning of the Second Millennia A.D.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.56495

VADER

-0.465

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

47.5

Gunning-Fog Score

15.7

Coleman-Liau Index

11.1

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

36

Sprache Difficult Word Count

36

Daniel Moynihan

I have no proof that the Sun is about to rise on the apocalyptic millennium of which chapter 20 of the Book of Revelation speaks, nor do I have proof that, armed with flood and catastrophe, the Four Horseman will arrive on January 1, 2000. I do know, however, that a seemingly innocuous "computer glitch" relating to how computers use the date could wreak worldwide havoc. This lack of recognition on the part of computers -- called the year 2000 Computer Problem, or "Y2K" as computer aficionados call it -- could cause everything from the failure of weapons systems, widespread disruption of business operations, the miscalculation of taxes by the Internal Revenue Service, possible misdiagnosis or improper medical treatment due to errors in medical records, to incorrect traffic signals at street corners across the country.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.94444

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.46667

Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.46667

Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.93827

VADER

-0.983

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

17.4

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

48

Sprache Difficult Word Count

50

Daniel Moynihan

In the 1950's and 1960's, computer programmers decided that, in order to minimize the consumption of computer memory, most computer languages would be designed to express the date with only six digits. In this format, the date of this speech would be 97-01-21. The century designation "19" is assumed. The problem is that many programs will read January 1, 2000 as January 1, 1900. Millions of computer programs will not function correctly because they cannot recognize the 21st century. The answer to this problem is a costly, time-consuming process of rewriting the computer codes.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

-0.477

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

57.9

Gunning-Fog Score

14.3

Coleman-Liau Index

11

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

35

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

Daniel Moynihan

Estimates to fix the problem in the United States alone are in the range of $300 billion ($600 billion worldwide). That's billion with a "B". Experts have estimated that about half the cost of upgrading U.S. computers will have to be paid by Government entities. Furthermore, the cost of fixing the `Y2K' problem will increase at 20- 50 percent per year due to the decreasing supply of, and increasing demand for, the skilled professionals who can rewrite the codes.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.45199

VADER

-0.422

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

7.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

67.5

Gunning-Fog Score

10.8

Coleman-Liau Index

10.5

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

6.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

4.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

28

Sprache Difficult Word Count

29

Daniel Moynihan

There is no time to cower at the immensity and pervasiveness of the problem, even though it is true that at our current rate of addressing this problem, millions of computer programs across the globe will not recognize the year 2000. We have developed the medicine to cure the disease. It is our job to recognize the extent of our ills and the time-consuming nature of the cure.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.25131

VADER

-0.273

Slightly Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

60.9

Gunning-Fog Score

15

Coleman-Liau Index

9.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

18

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

Daniel Moynihan

I now enter my second year warning of this problem. People have begun to listen. But neither the public nor private sector is anywhere near where they need to be. I congratulate my counterparts in the other Chamber of Congress, namely Representative Stephen Horn, Representative Carolyn Maloney, Representative Connie Morella, and Representative John Tanner, who have held hearings on this matter and helped uncover the Federal Government's lack of preparation for this crisis. The administration has only begun to stir.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.3979

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.25131

VADER

-0.128

Leans Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

36.2

Gunning-Fog Score

9.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

28

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Daniel Moynihan

In his November 25, 1996 letter (answering my July 31st letter to the President) Franklin Raines, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, stated that:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

51

Gunning-Fog Score

12.3

Coleman-Liau Index

11

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.8

Sprache Readability Score

4.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

12

Daniel Moynihan

Mr. Raines paints a much more comfortable picture than was revealed in the Congressional findings of just 2 months prior. In September 1996, the House Committee on Government Oversight reported that: only 9 of the 24 departments and agencies (which the Committee had just queried) had a plan for addressing the problem; five had not even designated an official within the organization to be responsible for the problem; and 17 of the departments and agencies lacked any cost estimates for the problem. I am encouraged that Representative Stephen Horn (R-CA) will continue his subcommittee's oversight hearings on February 24, 1997.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.16667

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.16667

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.31015

VADER

0.068

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

40.5

Gunning-Fog Score

16.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

36

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

Daniel Moynihan

Yet, someone or something needs to ensure that the Federal Government, State governments, and all sectors of the economy are "Year 2000 Compliant." The OMB has neither the staff nor the resources to do this alone. I am introducing today a revamped bill that will set up a Commission to address this problem.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.33647

VADER

0.382

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.8

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

56.4

Gunning-Fog Score

11.6

Coleman-Liau Index

11.2

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.7

Sprache Readability Score

4.4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

19

Daniel Moynihan

Commissions are not by definition weak. This commission will assume responsibility for assuring that all Federal agencies are Year 2000 compliant by January 1, 1999 ( a year early, so as to leave enough time for testing -- some say the longest part). The Commission will be composed of experts on the Federal response and the State response in order to face the problems of integration. The Commission will prioritize which agencies are most at risk of not performing vital functions, and through its reports to the President and Congress, it will recommend the appropriate triage process and medicine. It it not enough to recognize that this problem exists. Unless we install the doctors for the triage, the Y2K disease will manifest itself in all sectors of government and the economy.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.625

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.625

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.34993

VADER

-0.069

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42.7

Gunning-Fog Score

15.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

44

Sprache Difficult Word Count

41

Daniel Moynihan

We are told that the President will include adequate funding for the Executive Agencies in his budget plan for fiscal year 1998. My hope is that Congress will recognize the importance of providing the funding now; for if we wait, not only will the costs rise, but we are liable to see major Government agencies and State governments unable to perform critical functions.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.25131

VADER

0.052

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

41.9

Gunning-Fog Score

18.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

19

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

Daniel Moynihan

It is January 21 of 1997; we have 1,074 days remaining until January 1, 2000. Too late to lament, time to act.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

-0.459

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

2.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

95.8

Gunning-Fog Score

6.3

Coleman-Liau Index

1.6

SMOG Index

10.3

Automated Readability Index

0

Dale-Chall Readability Score

3.3

Sprache Readability Score

2.3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

4

Sprache Difficult Word Count

3

Daniel Moynihan

In the first stanza of his epic work, "The Second Coming," Yeats wrote of the onslaught of the apocalypse:

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.2

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

62.9

Gunning-Fog Score

9.7

Coleman-Liau Index

9.9

SMOG Index

9

Automated Readability Index

8.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.1

Sprache Readability Score

3.5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

5

Sprache Difficult Word Count

7

Daniel Moynihan

Turning and turning in the widening gyre The falcon cannot hear the falconer; Things fall apart; the center cannot hold; Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, The blood dimmed tide is loosed . . .

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.09861

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

47.7

Gunning-Fog Score

16.8

Coleman-Liau Index

11.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Daniel Moynihan

At the upcoming turn of the millennium, we cannot test what "blood dimmed tide" computer malfunctions could loose on our society.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.60944

VADER

-0.318

Somewhat Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

48.5

Gunning-Fog Score

17.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

7

Sprache Difficult Word Count

11

Arlen Specter

Mr. President, I have sought recognition to introduce legislation that will deal with the plight of our nation's cities and Washington's increasing neglect of them. There is an urgent need to improve our urban economies and the quality of life for the millions of American who live in our cities. My proposal, the "New Agenda For Aiding America's Cities Act of 1997" is based on legislation which I introduced in the 103rd and 104th Congress along with my distinguished colleague, Senator Carol Moseley-Braun, and I am pleased she is again joining in this effort. The bill constitutes an effort to give our cities some much-needed attention, but reflects the federal budget constraints which govern all that we in Congress do these days.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.28571

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.28571

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.54654

VADER

0.318

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

47.3

Gunning-Fog Score

14.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

43

Sprache Difficult Word Count

46

Arlen Specter

This bill, based in significant part on suggestions by Philadelphia Mayor Edward G. Rendell and the League of Cities, offers aid to the cities without increasing federal expenditures and by re-instituting important cost-effective tax breaks which have been discontinued.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.14286

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.25131

VADER

0.382

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

29.2

Gunning-Fog Score

17

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.4

Sprache Readability Score

4.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

14

Sprache Difficult Word Count

19

Arlen Specter

If we are to really address many of the very serious social issues that we face -- unemployment, teenage pregnancy, welfare dependency, and other pressing issues -- we cannot give up on our cities. There must be new strategies for dealing with the problems of urban America. The days of creating "Great Society" federal aid programs are clearly past, but that is no excuse for the national government to turn a blind eye to the problems of the cities.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.42857

Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.42857

Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.78846

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.07692

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.07692

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.1431

VADER

-0.819

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

45.6

Gunning-Fog Score

14.9

Coleman-Liau Index

11.7

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Arlen Specter

The goals of this initiative have strong bipartisan support as indicated during the vice-presidential debate in the 1996 campaign, where both the Republican and Democratic candidates spoke of the need to focus our economic resources in our nation's urban areas. The recent November elections reaffirm the basic principle of limited government. Limited government, however, does not mean an uncaring or do-nothing government.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.27273

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.51083

VADER

0.494

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

26.6

Gunning-Fog Score

18.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Arlen Specter

The impact of last year's welfare reform legislation also requires close scrutiny on what will be happening to America's big cities.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

36.5

Gunning-Fog Score

14.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.8

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

9

Sprache Difficult Word Count

9

Arlen Specter

Urban areas remain integral to America's greatness as centers of commerce, industry, education, health care, and culture. Yet urban areas, particularly the inner cities which tend to have a disproportionate share of our nation's poor, also have special needs which must be recognized. We must develop ways of aiding our cities that do not require either new taxes or more government bureaucracy.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.76214

VADER

0.612

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

37.1

Gunning-Fog Score

14.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

23

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Arlen Specter

I commend the Mayor of Philadelphia, Edward Rendell, for his efforts to revitalize America's cities. Collaborating with the Conference of Mayors and the National League of Cities, he proposed in 1994 a "New Urban Agenda." Much of that proposal is the basis of this legislation.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

2.19722

VADER

0.44

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

39.3

Gunning-Fog Score

10.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

4

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

17

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

Arlen Specter

As a Philadelphia resident, I have first-hand knowledge of the growing problems that plague our cities. As of 1990, Philadelphia had over 300,000 individuals in poverty. Reflecting on my experience as a Philadelphian, I have long supported a variety of programs to assist our cities, such as increased funding for Community Development Block Grants and legislation to establish enterprise and empowerment zones. To encourage similar efforts, in April, 1994, I hosted my Senate Republican colleagues on a visit to explore urban problems in my hometown. We talked with people who wanted to obtain work, but had found few opportunities. We saw a crumbling infrastructure and its impact on residents and businesses. We were reminded of the devastating effect that the loss of inner city businesses and jobs has had on our neighborhoods in America's cities. What my Republican colleagues saw then in Philadelphia is the urban rule across our country and not the exception.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.25131

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.65925

VADER

-0.799

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38.5

Gunning-Fog Score

14.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

58

Sprache Difficult Word Count

51

Arlen Specter

There are many who do not know of city life, who are far removed from the cities and would not be expected to have any key interest in what goes on in the big cities of America. I cite my own boyhood experience illustratively: Born in Wichita, Kansas, raised in Russell, a small town of 5,000 people on the plains of Kansas, where there is not much detailed knowledge of what goes on in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, or other big cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, Miami, Pittsburgh, Dallas, Detroit or Chicago.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.71429

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.46634

VADER

0.671

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

32.2

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

9.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

26

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Arlen Specter

Those big cities are alien to people in much of America. But there is a growing understanding that the problems of big cities contribute significantly to the general problems affecting our nation and have an economic impact, at the very least, on our small towns. For rural America to prosper, we need to make sure that urban America prospers and vice-versa. For example, if cities had more economic growth, taxes could be reduced on all Americans at the federal and state level because revenues would increase and social welfare spending would be reduced.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.64663

VADER

0.417

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

41.7

Gunning-Fog Score

14.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

33

Sprache Difficult Word Count

29

Arlen Specter

What are the problems? Crime for one. Take the Bloods and the Crips gangs from Los Angeles, California, and similar gangs; that are all over America. They are in Lancaster, Pennsylvania; Des Moines, Iowa; Portland, Oregon; Jackson, Mississippi; Racine, Wisconsin; and Martinsburg, West Virginia. They are literally everywhere, big city and small city alike.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.60944

VADER

-0.735

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

10

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

42.3

Gunning-Fog Score

6.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7

Sprache Readability Score

4.1

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Arlen Specter

According to the National League of Cities 1992 report, "State of America's Cities," 397 randomly selected municipal leaders said that after overall economic conditions, crime and drugs were the second and third items that had caused their cities to deteriorate the most in the prior five years. In Atlanta, the number of crimes per 100,000 people was 17,067, making it number one in 1995. We have all heard of that unenviable moniker for our nation's capital -- the "murder capital." Not just municipal leaders voice concern about crime's impact. Mr. Scott Zelov, President of VIZ Manufacturing in the Germantown section of Philadelphia, told my staff that his workers can't even walk to work in safety anymore, making it difficult for him to retain his employees and to continue to stay in business, causing him to consider moving out of the city to a safer location or even closing his business altogether.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.25

Slightly Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.47957

VADER

-0.671

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

43.6

Gunning-Fog Score

15.4

Coleman-Liau Index

11.7

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

48

Sprache Difficult Word Count

54

Arlen Specter

Dan DeRitis, owner of Sisko, Inc., a property management and development company in the University City section of West Philadelphia, wrote to me to tell me while he has been a resident and business owner in West Philadelphia for more than twenty years, and while the city had been good to him and his family in the past, recently, he has had reason to fear for the safety of his children, his employees and ultimately, his business. He looks desperately for reasons to stay, but everyday it gets harder and harder.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.78846

VADER

-0.013

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

39.4

Gunning-Fog Score

17.4

Coleman-Liau Index

10.9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Arlen Specter

Joblessness and a less skilled work force is another problem. To facilitate economic development and job creation in the United States, I supported the Balanced Budget Act of 1995, which contained such provisions as the Job Training Partnership Act and the Targeted Job Tax Credit. As Congress put the final touches on that legislation, I circulated a joint letter from several Senators to then-Majority Leader Dole and Speaker Gingrich recommending spurring job creation and economic growth in our cities through several urban initiatives such as: a targeted capital gains exclusion, commercial revitalization tax credit, historic rehabilitation tax credit, and child care credit.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.3913

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.3913

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.78846

VADER

0.964

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

16.7

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

44

Sprache Difficult Word Count

42

Arlen Specter

As part of that effort, on December 19, 1995, I arranged a meeting between Majority Leader Dole and Mayors Edward Rendell of Philadelphia, Thomas Menino of Boston, Richard Daley of Chicago, and Victor Ashe, of Knoxville, Tennessee, to discuss their top tax priorities, which were reflected in the joint letter to the Majority Leader Dole and Speaker Gingrich. In that meeting the Mayors stressed the necessity of strengthening economic growth in our urban centers to impact directly on social ills identified with weak economic infrastructures. These problems include poverty, crime, and joblessness. Census data from 1990 shows that many of our urban centers suffered from critically high poverty rates as of 1989.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.75

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.75

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.375

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.375

Somewhat Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.7376

VADER

-0.929

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

32.6

Gunning-Fog Score

15.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

47

Sprache Difficult Word Count

51

Arlen Specter

As of 1990, New York City led the way, with 1.3 million individuals in poverty. My home of Philadelphia had 313,374 individuals in poverty at that time. These facts emphasize the need for more efforts to be focused on strengthening our inner city businesses which, in turn, will boost local economies and serve to provide more jobs, reduce poverty and, hopefully, reduce crime.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.16667

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.16667

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.31015

VADER

-0.541

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

51.7

Gunning-Fog Score

16

Coleman-Liau Index

11

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

4.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

20

Sprache Difficult Word Count

20

Arlen Specter

I have previously introduced legislation to provide targeted tax incentives for investing in small minority- or women-owned businesses. Small businesses provide the bulk of the jobs in this country. Many minority entrepreneurs, for instance, have told me that they are dedicated to staying in the cities to employ people there, but continue to confront capital access issues. My "Minority and Women Capital Formation Act of 1993" would have helped remove the capital access barriers, thereby enabling these entrepreneurs to grow their businesses and payrolls.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.69231

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.69231

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.52606

VADER

0.153

Leans Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

30

Gunning-Fog Score

17.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

30

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Arlen Specter

Municipal leaders are stressing many of the same concerns that business people are voicing. In a July, 1994 National League of Cities report dealing with poverty and economic development, municipal leaders ranked inadequate skills and education of workers as one of the top three reasons, in addition to shortage of jobs and below-poverty wages, for poverty and joblessness in their cities. They said, according to the survey, that more jobs must be created through local economic development initiatives.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.19722

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.06667

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.06667

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.12516

VADER

-0.875

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

30.2

Gunning-Fog Score

17.6

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

30

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

Arlen Specter

This "skills deficit" is highlighted in an urban revitalization plan prepared in 1991 by the National Urban League called "Playing to Win: A Marshall Plan for America's Cities." The report cites a statistic by the Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills which showed that 60 percent of all 21-25 year-olds lack the basic reading and writing skills needed for the modern workplace, and only 10 percent of those in that age group have enough mathematical competence for today's jobs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.46667

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.46667

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.93827

VADER

0.361

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

35.1

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

31

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Arlen Specter

The economic problems our cities are facing are not easy to deal with or answer. In a report by the National League of Cities entitled "City Fiscal Conditions in 1996," municipal officials from 381 cities answered questions on the economic state of their cities. In response to state budgetary problems, 21.7 percent of responding cities reduced municipal employment and 18.5 percent had frozen municipal employment. Nearly 6 out of 10 cities raised or imposed new taxes or user fees during the past twelve months.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.5

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.8473

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.36772

VADER

-0.632

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

44.5

Gunning-Fog Score

15.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.8

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

28

Sprache Difficult Word Count

27

Arlen Specter

These numbers are of concern to me and I believe they highlight the need for federal legislation to enhance the ability of cities to achieve competitive economic status. An added concern is that city managers are forced to balance cuts in services or enact higher taxes. Neither choice is easy and it often counteracts municipal efforts to retain residents or businesses.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.14286

Leans Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.25131

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.125

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.125

Leans Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.23639

VADER

-0.092

Neutral

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

36.4

Gunning-Fog Score

15.3

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

22

Sprache Difficult Word Count

26

Arlen Specter

One issue, in particular, that is hurting many cities is the erosion of their tax bases, evidenced particularly by middle-class flight to the suburbs. Mr. Ronald Walters, professor of Political Science at Howard University, in testimony before the Senate Banking Committee in April 1993, stated that in 1950, 23 percent of the American population lived outside central cities; by 1988, that number was up to 46 percent.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

-0.34

Somewhat Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

40.8

Gunning-Fog Score

13.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

29

Sprache Difficult Word Count

30

Arlen Specter

In an October 9, 1994 article in The Washington Post Magazine, David Finkel profiled Ward 7 of Washington, DC and wrote that Ward 7 lost 13,000 residents between 1980 and 1990 alone. He noted further that the population decline in Washington, DC has averaged 10,000 people a year since 1990. This trend continues into 1997. These losses are devastating, not only to the financial stability of the city, but to the social fabric as well.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.25

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.45199

VADER

-0.459

Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

68.6

Gunning-Fog Score

11.9

Coleman-Liau Index

8.4

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

7.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

24

Sprache Difficult Word Count

24

Arlen Specter

On the financial side, statistics show that those people fleeing cities were earning an average of $30,000 to $75,000 a year. On the social side, roughly half of these are African-American middle-class families. By losing this critical demographic group, the city loses much of what makes it strong.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.66667

Very Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-1.29928

VADER

-0.153

Leans Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.6

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

64

Gunning-Fog Score

12.3

Coleman-Liau Index

10.2

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.8

Sprache Readability Score

3.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

13

Sprache Difficult Word Count

14

Arlen Specter

Eroding tax bases are also caused by job-flight and job loss. Professor Walters testified that Chicago lost 47 percent of its manufacturing jobs between 1972 and 1982. Los Angeles lost 327,000 jobs, half of which were in the manufacturing sector. More recently, according to Census data, New York City had only 11.4 percent of its population employed in manufacturing. According to Stephen Moore and Dean Stansel in a March, 1994 USA Today Magazine article, since the 1970's more than 50 Fortune 500 company headquarters have fled New York City, representing a loss of over 500,000 jobs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.27273

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.27273

Slightly Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.51083

VADER

-0.802

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

59.4

Gunning-Fog Score

13.2

Coleman-Liau Index

10.2

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

9.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

36

Sprache Difficult Word Count

34

Arlen Specter

It is clear that the social fabric of our cities is also deteriorating. The issues of infant mortality and single-parent families are tragic problems that plague American urban areas. According to 1990 Census data, Washington, DC ranked first out of 77 cities for infant death rates per 1,000 live births in 1988. Detroit led the same number of cities in the percentage of one-parent households in 1990 at 53 percent.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

-0.42857

Negative

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

-0.42857

Negative

Harvard-IV (Logit)

-0.78846

VADER

-0.772

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

63.1

Gunning-Fog Score

10.6

Coleman-Liau Index

9.9

SMOG Index

11.3

Automated Readability Index

8.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

24

Sprache Difficult Word Count

28

Arlen Specter

When I traveled to Pittsburgh in 1984, I saw one-pound babies for the first time and I learned that Pittsburgh had the highest infant mortality rate of African-American babies of any city in the United States. It is a human tragedy for a child to be born weighing 16 ounces with attendant problems that last a lifetime. I wondered, how could that be true of Pittsburgh, which has such enormous medical resources. It was an amazing thing for me to see a one-pound baby, about as big as my hand. Indeed, our cities are desperate, and the issues are heavy.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.4

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.76214

VADER

0.494

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.4

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

64.4

Gunning-Fog Score

11.7

Coleman-Liau Index

9

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.7

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

24

Sprache Difficult Word Count

24

Arlen Specter

Historically, cities have been the center of commerce and culture. Surrounding communities have relied on a thriving, growing economy in our metropolitan areas to provide jobs and opportunities. As I have noted though, over the past several decades, America's cities have struggled with the loss or exodus of residents, businesses and industry and other problems. The resulting tax base shrinkage causes enormous budget problems for city governments. Across the country, cities such as New York, Los Angeles, and the District of Columbia have experienced the flight of major industries to the suburbs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.07692

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.07692

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.1431

VADER

-0.725

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

35.5

Gunning-Fog Score

13.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

37

Sprache Difficult Word Count

41

Arlen Specter

As a result, city residents who remain are faced with problems ranging from increased tax burdens and lesser services to dwindling economic opportunities, leading to welfare dependence and unemployment assistance. In the face of all this, what do we do?

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.09091

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.16705

VADER

-0.527

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

38.5

Gunning-Fog Score

16

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

16

Sprache Difficult Word Count

18

Arlen Specter

The federal government has attempted to revitalize our ailing urban infrastructure by providing federal funding for transit and sewer systems, roads and bridges. I have supported this. For example, as a member of the Transportation Appropriations Subcommittee and as co- chair of an informal Senate Transit Coalition, I have been a strong supporter of public transit which provides critically needed transportation services in urban areas. Transit helps cities meet clean air standards, reduce traffic congestion, and allows disadvantaged persons access to jobs. Federal assistance for urban areas, however, has become increasingly scarce as we grapple with the nation's deficit and debt. Therefore, we must find alternatives to reinvigorate our nation's cities so they can once again be economically productive areas providing promising opportunities for residents and neighboring areas.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.2

Slightly Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.40741

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.40741

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.83035

VADER

0.914

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

19.9

Gunning-Fog Score

18.2

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

60

Sprache Difficult Word Count

52

Arlen Specter

I believe there are ways Congress can assist the cities. In 1994, Mayor Rendell came up with a legislative package which contains many good ideas. I have since added and revised provisions to take into account new developments at the federal, state and local levels.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.94591

VADER

0.44

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

8.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

58.1

Gunning-Fog Score

10.4

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

10.6

Automated Readability Index

8.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.6

Sprache Readability Score

3.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

11

Sprache Difficult Word Count

16

Arlen Specter

First, recognizing that the federal government is the nation's largest purchaser of goods and services, this legislation would require that no less than 15 percent of federal government purchases be made from businesses and industries within designated urban Empowerment Zones and Enterprise Communities. Similarly, it would require that not less than 15 percent of foreign aid funds be redeemed through purchases of products manufactured in urban Empowerment Zones and Enterprise Communities. I presented this idea to then-Treasury Secretary Bentsen at a March 22, 1994, hearing of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations. The Secretary responded favorably.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.99853

VADER

0.402

Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

20

Gunning-Fog Score

17.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

45

Sprache Difficult Word Count

38

Arlen Specter

I have also written to several mayors across the country regarding this concept. By letter dated July 28, 1994, Miami Mayor Stephen P. Clark responded: "Miami's selection as a procurement center for foreign aid would be a natural complement to our status as the Business Capital of the Americas." Miami has a wide range of businesses, such as high-technology firms and medical equipment manufacturers that would benefit from this provision. And by letter dated April 6, 1994, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Mayor Stephen R. Reed wrote: "Many of our existing businesses would no doubt seize upon the opportunity to broaden their market by engaging in export activity triggered by foreign aid vouchers. . . Therefore, in brief, we believe the voucher proposal has considerable merit and that this city would benefit from the same." I ask unanimous consent that a copy of my letter and the letters from Mayor Clark and Mayor Reed be included in the Record at the end of my statement.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.52941

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.52941

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.914

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

43

Gunning-Fog Score

14.5

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.3

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

57

Sprache Difficult Word Count

58

Arlen Specter

The second major provision of this bill would commit the federal government to play an active role in restoring the economic health of our cities by encouraging the location, or relocation, of federal facilities in urban areas. To accomplish this, all federal agencies would be required to prepare and submit to the President an Urban Impact Statement detailing the impact that relocation or downsizing decisions would have on the affected city. Presidential approval would be required to place a federal facility outside an urban area, or to downsize a city-based agency.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.8

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.8

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.84583

VADER

0.945

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

22.1

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

39

Sprache Difficult Word Count

32

Arlen Specter

The third critical component of this bill would revive and expand federal tax incentives that were eliminated or restricted in the Tax Reform Act of 1986. Until there is passage of legislation on the flat tax, which would provide benefits superior to all targeted tax breaks, I believe America's cities should have the advantages of such tax benefits. These provisions offer meaningful incentives to business to invest in our cities. I am calling for the restoration of the Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit which supports inner city revitalization projects. According to information provided by Mayor Rendell, there were 8,640 construction jobs involved in 356 projects in Philadelphia from 1978 to 1985 stimulated by the Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit. In Chicago, 302 projects prior to 1985 generated $524 million in investment and created 20,695 jobs. In St. Louis, 849 projects generated $653 million in investment and created 27,735 jobs.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.95551

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.67294

VADER

0.979

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

43.4

Gunning-Fog Score

15

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

11.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

55

Sprache Difficult Word Count

49

Arlen Specter

Nationally, according to National Park Service estimates for the 16 years before the 1986 Act, the Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit stimulated $16 billion in private investment for the rehabilitation of 24,656 buildings and the creation of 125,306 homes which included 23,377 low and moderate income housing units. The 1986 Tax Act dramatically reduced the pool of private investment capital available for rehabilitation projects. In Philadelphia, projects dropped from 356 to 11 by 1988 from 1985 levels. During the same period, investments dropped 46 percent in Illinois and 92 percent in St. Louis.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.64663

VADER

0.542

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

49.5

Gunning-Fog Score

13.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.6

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.8

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

35

Sprache Difficult Word Count

34

Arlen Specter

Another tool is to expand the authorization of commercial industrial development bonds. Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986, authorization for commercial industrial bonds was permitted to expire. Consequently, private investment in cities declined. For instance, according to Mayor Rendell, from 1986 -- the last year commercial development bonds were permitted -- to 1987, the total number of city-supported projects in Philadelphia was reduced by more than half.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.6

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.22378

VADER

0.382

Somewhat Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

32

Gunning-Fog Score

15.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

4.7

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

29

Sprache Difficult Word Count

24

Arlen Specter

Industrial development or private activity bonds encourage private investment by allowing, under certain circumstances, tax-exempt status for projects where more than 10 percent of the bond proceeds are used for private business purposes. The availability of tax-exempt commercial industrial development bonds will encourage private investment in cities, particularly the construction of sports, convention and trade show facilities; free standing parking facilities owned and operated by the private sector; air and water pollution facilities owned and operated by the private sector; and, industrial parks.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

1

Very Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

1.94591

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.36842

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.36842

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.73089

VADER

0.9

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

0

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

10

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

46

Sprache Difficult Word Count

33

Arlen Specter

The bill I am introducing would allow this. It would also increase the small issue exemption -- which means a way to help finance private activity in the building of manufacturing facilities -- from $10 million to $50 million to allow increased private investment in our cities.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.8473

VADER

0.836

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

41.1

Gunning-Fog Score

17

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.3

Sprache Readability Score

4.6

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

12

Sprache Difficult Word Count

15

Arlen Specter

A minor change in the federal tax code related to arbitrage rebates on municipal bond interest earnings could also free additional capital for infrastructure and economic development by cities. Currently, municipalities are required to rebate to the federal government any arbitrage -- a financial term meaning interest earned in excess of interest paid on the debt -- earned from the issuance of tax-free municipal bonds. I am informed that compliance, or the cost for consultants to perform the complicated rebate calculations, is actually costing municipalities more than the actual rebate owed to the government. This bill would allow cities to keep the arbitrage earned so that they can use it to fund city projects and for other necessary purposes.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.33333

Somewhat Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-0.51083

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.36842

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.36842

Somewhat Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.73089

VADER

0.893

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

21.3

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

50

Sprache Difficult Word Count

45

Arlen Specter

My legislation also provides important incentives for businesses to invest and locate in our nation's cities. Specifically, the bill includes a provision which I have advocated to provide a 50 percent exclusion for capital gains tax purposes for any gain resulting from targeted investments in small businesses located in urban empowerment zones, enterprise communities, or enterprise zones. I also want to note that the exclusion would extend to any venture funds that invest in those small businesses, which is critical because venture funds are often the lifeblood of a small business. This is one of the incentives I recommended to Senator Dole in December, 1995 for inclusion in the Balanced Budget Act of 1995 which was later vetoed by President Clinton. A targeted capital gains exclusion will serve as a catalyst for job creation and economic growth in our cities by encouraging additional private investment in our urban areas.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.58779

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.17647

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.17647

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.33647

VADER

0.939

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

29.5

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

59

Sprache Difficult Word Count

53

Arlen Specter

A fourth provision of this legislation provides needed reforms to regulations concerning affordable housing. This legislation provides language to study streamlining federal housing program assistance to urban areas into "block grant" form so that municipal agencies can better serve local residents. Affordable housing is not currently widely available to most low income families. According to the National Housing Law Project, in 1996, only one in four families were eligible to receive HUD assistance. The bill would improve the circumstances of public housing tenants by encouraging the location of newly built units on the lots of demolished older housing and allowing the original residents to move into the new units. This provision will contribute to community stability and promote urban renewal.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.58779

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.5

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.03609

VADER

0.884

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

23

Gunning-Fog Score

18.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

56

Sprache Difficult Word Count

54

Arlen Specter

Last, this bill helps urban areas by taking several important steps toward reforming the current Superfund law. First, the legislation authorizes a federal brownfields program to help clean up idle or underused industrial and commercial facilities and waives federal liability for persons who fully comply with a state cleanup plan to clean sites in urban areas pursuant to state law, provided that the site is not listed or proposed to be listed on the National Priorities List. The Environmental Protection Agency currently operates this pilot program under general authority provided by the Superfund law. My legislation would make this a permanent program and substantially increase the funding levels from $36.7 million to a $50 million authorized level for FY'98. The EPA could expend funds to identify and examine potential idle or underused Brownfield sites and to provide grants to States and local governments of up to $200,000 per site to put them back to productive use. One such grant has been used to great success by Pittsburgh Mayor Tom Murphy, and I hope this provision will generate additional success stories of redeveloping urban brownfields.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.77778

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.77778

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.94591

VADER

0.981

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

27.4

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

8.1

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

77

Sprache Difficult Word Count

70

Arlen Specter

The Brownfields program allows sites with minor levels of toxic waste to be cleaned up by State and local governments with federal and non- federal funds. Companies and individuals who are interested in developing land into industrial, commercial, recreational, or residential use are often reluctant to purchase property with any level of toxic waste because of a fear of being saddled with cleanup liability under the Superfund law. Through expanded Brownfields grants, cleanup at such sites will be expedited and will encourage redevelopment of otherwise unusable urban property.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-0.6

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.8473

VADER

-0.572

Very Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

17.5

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.9

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

36

Sprache Difficult Word Count

39

Arlen Specter

My bill would also waive federal liability for persons who fully comply with a state cleanup plan to clean sites in urban areas pursuant to state law, providing that the site is not listed or proposed to be listed on the National Priorities List. Many states, including Pennsylvania, have developed their own toxic waste cleanup programs and have done good work to clean up many of these sites. Pennsylvania Governor Tom Ridge has developed an extensive plan, where contaminated sites are made safe based on sound science by returning the site to productive use through the development of uniform cleanup standards, by creating a set of standardized review procedures, by releasing owners and developers from liability who fully comply with the state cleanup standards and procedures, and by providing financial assistance. However, the efforts of states like Pennsylvania are often stifled because the federal government has not been willing to work with the States to release owners and developers from liability, even when they fully comply with the state plans.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.09861

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.42857

Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.86904

VADER

0.743

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

19.4

Gunning-Fog Score

19

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.7

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

60

Sprache Difficult Word Count

51

Arlen Specter

This section of my bill only applies only to sites that are not on the National Priorities List. These are sites that the state has identified for which the state has created a comprehensive cleanup plan. If the federal government has concerns with the cleanup procedure or the safety of the site, then the government has full authority to place that site on the National Priority List. The plans, like that developed by Governor Ridge, deal with sites not controlled by the Superfund law. By not allowing the individual states to take the initiative to clean up these sites, and by not providing a waiver for federal liability to those who fully comply with the procedures and standards of the state cleanup, the federal government chills the efforts of the states to work to clean up their own sites. This provision takes a significant step toward encouraging states to take the responsibility for their toxic waste sites and to encourage the effective cleanup of these sites in our nation's urban areas.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.7

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.7

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.60944

VADER

0.964

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

45.8

Gunning-Fog Score

17

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.3

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

53

Sprache Difficult Word Count

45

Arlen Specter

In the 103d Congress, my "New Urban Agenda Act" (S. 2535) contained a section that would eliminate unfunded federal mandates based on legislation I cosponsored in the 103d Congress (S. 993) which was introduced by my distinguished colleague from Idaho, Senator Dirk Kempthorne. There is no longer a need to include that provision in my urban agenda bill because Congress enacted the unfunded federal mandates bill in February, 1995.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-1.60944

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.33647

VADER

-0.296

Slightly Negative

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11.1

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

45.9

Gunning-Fog Score

13.9

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10

Dale-Chall Readability Score

7.9

Sprache Readability Score

4.8

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

31

Sprache Difficult Word Count

25

Arlen Specter

Mr. President, it may well be that America has given up on its cities. That is a stark statement, but it is one which I believe may be true -- that America has given up on its cities. But this Senator has not done so. And I believe there are others in this body on both sides of the aisle who have not done so.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.643

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

4.5

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

85.4

Gunning-Fog Score

5.1

Coleman-Liau Index

6

SMOG Index

7.7

Automated Readability Index

2.4

Dale-Chall Readability Score

2.6

Sprache Readability Score

2.9

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

8

Sprache Difficult Word Count

9

Arlen Specter

As one of a handful of United States Senators who lives in a big city, I understand both the problems and the promise of urban America. This legislation for our cities is good public policy. The plight of our cities must be of extreme concern to America. We can ill-afford for them to wither and die. I am committed to a new urban agenda that relies on market forces, and not welfare-statism, for urban revitalization. I invite the input and assistance of my colleagues in order to fashion a strong approach assisting the cities with their pressing problems.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

-1

Very Negative

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

-2.56495

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0.38566

VADER

0.572

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

9.9

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

53.7

Gunning-Fog Score

11.1

Coleman-Liau Index

10.7

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

8.1

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.4

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

29

Sprache Difficult Word Count

31

Arlen Specter

I ask unanimous consent that my bill be printed in the Record as if read, along with an Executive Summary. I thank the Chair and yield the floor.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Harvard-IV (Logit)

0

VADER

0.527

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

6.7

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

71.8

Gunning-Fog Score

7

Coleman-Liau Index

8.4

SMOG Index

10.3

Automated Readability Index

4.9

Dale-Chall Readability Score

4.1

Sprache Readability Score

3

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

6

Sprache Difficult Word Count

8

Arlen Specter

Mr. President, the start of the 105th Congress gives those of us in the Senate and the House a new opportunity to make a real difference in the lives of the American people. It is a chance for us to learn from the past concerning how to best respond to the challenges that are before us and forge important alliances to enable us to pass legislation that is important to the American people. One of our first priorities must be additional reforms of our Nation's health care system.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.2

Leans Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.33647

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.53846

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.53846

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.09861

VADER

0.934

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

11

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

55.7

Gunning-Fog Score

13.8

Coleman-Liau Index

10

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

10.2

Dale-Chall Readability Score

5.6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

25

Sprache Difficult Word Count

23

Arlen Specter

In the 104th Congress, I was pleased to cosponsor the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, better known as the Kassebaum-Kennedy bill (S. 1028). There is no question that Kassebaum-Kennedy made significant steps forward in addressing troubling issues in health care. The bill's incremental approach to health care reform is what allowed it to generate consensus support in the Senate; we knew that it did not address every single problem in the health care delivery system, but it would make life better for millions of American men, women, and children.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.73913

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.73913

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.76766

VADER

0.863

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

43.5

Gunning-Fog Score

13.7

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

29

Sprache Difficult Word Count

34

Arlen Specter

There is much more that needs to be done. Accordingly, today I am introducing the Health Care Assurance Act of 1997, which, if enacted, will take us further down the path of incremental reforms started by Kassebaum-Kennedy. It is my firm belief that the best approach to addressing our Nation's health care problems is to enact reforms that improve upon our current market based health care system without completely overhauling our current system. My bill is intended to initiate and stimulate discussion in order to move the health care reform debate forward. I welcome any suggestions my colleagues may have concerning how the bill can be improved, as long as such suggestions are consistent with the incremental approach to reform that has proven to be the only way to obtain successful health care reform.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0.33333

Somewhat Positive

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0.58779

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.73333

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.73333

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.77307

VADER

0.987

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

44.1

Gunning-Fog Score

16.1

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.5

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

44

Sprache Difficult Word Count

39

Arlen Specter

I want to note at the outset that through a State-run voucher system, my legislation would address health care coverage for the first time for the vast majority of the 10 million American children who lack health care insurance today. My proposal is compassionate and efficient and will preserve patient choice as its hallmark.

Sentiment

Loughran McDonald (Relative)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Absolute)

0

Neutral

Loughran McDonald (Logit)

0

Harvard-IV (Relative)

0.63636

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Absolute)

0.63636

Very Positive

Harvard-IV (Logit)

1.335

VADER

0.886

Very Positive

Readability

Flesch-Kincaid Grade

12

Flesch-Kincaid Ease

46.6

Gunning-Fog Score

16.8

Coleman-Liau Index

12

SMOG Index

12

Automated Readability Index

12

Dale-Chall Readability Score

6.2

Sprache Readability Score

5

Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score

17

Sprache Difficult Word Count

21

Senate Floor: THE PARTIAL-BIRTH BAN ACT OF 1997

Rick Santorum

Rick Santorum

Rick Santorum

Rick Santorum

Rick Santorum

Rick Santorum

Rick Santorum

Rick Santorum

Rick Santorum

Rick Santorum

Rick Santorum

Spencer Abraham

Spencer Abraham

Spencer Abraham

Trent Lott

Jesse Helms

Jesse Helms

Jesse Helms

Jesse Helms

Jesse Helms

Jesse Helms

Jesse Helms

Jesse Helms

Jesse Helms

Jesse Helms

Jesse Helms

John Chafee

John Chafee

John Chafee

John Chafee

John Chafee

John Chafee

John Chafee

John Chafee

John Chafee

John Chafee

The Presiding Officer

The Presiding Officer

John Chafee

John Chafee

John Chafee

John Chafee

Spencer Abraham

Spencer Abraham

Spencer Abraham

Spencer Abraham

John Chafee

Spencer Abraham

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

Don Nickles

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft

John Ashcroft