Fact
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Senate Floor: STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS
Topics
Entities
Moderation
8 Speakers
Topics
No topics found
Entities
No entities found
Moderation
No moderation found
Speakers
Ernest Hollings Ernest Hollings said 125 sentences of a total of 340 sentences.
37%
Ernest Hollings said 2590 words of a total of 7612 words.
35%
Olympia J. Snowe Olympia J. Snowe said 48 sentences of a total of 340 sentences.
15%
Olympia J. Snowe said 1229 words of a total of 7612 words.
17%
Joe Biden Joe Biden said 58 sentences of a total of 340 sentences.
18%
Joe Biden said 1203 words of a total of 7612 words.
16%
John Kerry John Kerry said 34 sentences of a total of 340 sentences.
10%
John Kerry said 922 words of a total of 7612 words.
13%
Bill Frist Bill Frist said 19 sentences of a total of 340 sentences.
6%
Bill Frist said 598 words of a total of 7612 words.
8%
Kit Bond Kit Bond said 29 sentences of a total of 340 sentences.
9%
Kit Bond said 583 words of a total of 7612 words.
8%
Jean Carnahan Jean Carnahan said 26 sentences of a total of 340 sentences.
8%
Jean Carnahan said 470 words of a total of 7612 words.
7%
Patty Murray Patty Murray said 1 sentences of a total of 340 sentences.
1%
Patty Murray said 17 words of a total of 7612 words.
1%
Full Transcript
Patty Murray
Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0463623554
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0101718455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0008494951
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005374946
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002840794
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
8.52515E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.14078E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.1372E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.0317E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.75E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.2E-9
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
65.2
Gunning-Fog Score
9.2
Coleman-Liau Index
9.8
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
7.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Ernest Hollings
Madam President, I rise today to introduce the National Defense Rail Act on behalf of myself and some 19 co-sponsors. This legislation will establish a strong and efficient national passenger rail system. For far too long, we have neglected investing in our Nation's passenger rail system. We have taken an active responsibility in developing the infrastructure of all other modes of transportation, whether it has been federally funding the development of the interstate highway system, subsidizing airport construction, or taking the responsibility for dredging harbors and channels or building locks and dams. Now it is time to build a world class passenger railroad system in the United States. We know it can be done. Japan and France provide two models of successful passenger railroad service. The time to move ahead is now. We cannot wait for highways and airports to become so clogged that they cannot operate any longer. Rail systems are not built in a day. We need to engage in long-term planning to address future passenger transportation growth and show forethought in crafting transportation solutions -- not wait for an impending crisis. My legislation provides the vision to begin to do this.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.25131
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.93156
VADER
0.934
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0358131278
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0120943936
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0086703789
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0010624185
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000564564
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001964883
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.37379E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.76946E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.32675E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.91387E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.75359E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
96.838
Magnitude:
46
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.2
Gunning-Fog Score
12.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
60
Sprache Difficult Word Count
70
Ernest Hollings
The atrocious events of September 11, 2001, and the aftermath which followed, exposed the vulnerability of our society and our economy when transportation choices are limited and our mobility is diminished. In the aftermath of the horrific attack on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, we were forced to adjust to a transportation system that was without access to aviation. That should make us all evaluate the problems inherent in a policy that results in overall dependence on any one particular mode of transportation. We need to have a more balanced system of transportation for passengers in this country. Our economy depends on it; our travelers deserve it; and our roads and airports could operate more efficiently in a balanced system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.45455
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.45455
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8873
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.26316
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.26316
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
-0.924
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0737793045
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0117479911
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0027447941
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0015607664
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012238844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002407709
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001772617
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001071744
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
5.82087E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3477E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.30564E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
97.049
Magnitude:
118
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.7
Gunning-Fog Score
18.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
Ernest Hollings
After the Federal Aviation Administration grounded all flights following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, travelers flocked to Amtrak. Whether people had to travel for business, to help with rescue efforts, or just to get home, Amtrak kept our American citizens moving during a time of national emergency.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
-0.637
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0524305913
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0064542699
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0035224391
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.003459055
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007738981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003461032
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.04559E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.1395E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.407E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.882E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.22E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
96.935
Magnitude:
70
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30
Gunning-Fog Score
14.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Ernest Hollings
The situation not only proved that Amtrak works, but that passenger rail is a critical part of our transportation infrastructure during a national emergency or security crisis. Amtrak provided a critical transportation link, carrying 35,000 passengers along the Northeast corridor every day, and hundreds of extra carloads of mail for the U.S. Postal Office in the days following the terrorist attacks.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.78846
VADER
-0.976
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0747505634
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0245744071
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0169397492
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0105932937
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0010294852
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.67673E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
2.4112E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.9121E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.8263E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.0818E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.039E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
94.462
Magnitude:
53
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.8
Gunning-Fog Score
16.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Ernest Hollings
Transportation security -- an essential part of our national security -- requires a balanced and competitive system of transportation alternatives. In September, we found that our dependence on the aviation system almost crippled us. We cannot afford to rely on any single mode of transportation; we need to ensure that we have a balanced system that includes a sound passenger rail system. We also know that passenger railroads use less fuel per passenger mile than highway vehicles and commercial airlines. During these times of oil- consciousness, a larger presence of passenger rail in our transportation system would reduce our Nation's dependence on foreign oil.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.74721
VADER
0.796
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.1653591869
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0852442347
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0718989701
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0243235409
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0223259645
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001350158
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004473474
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004234343
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.45609E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.41533E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.38985E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
97.023
Magnitude:
102
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.8
Gunning-Fog Score
15.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
40
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Ernest Hollings
Passenger railroads, the interstate highway system, and our national aviation network have all taken different paths to their current roles in our national transportation system. The tales of their development stand in quite a stark contrast from each other.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.51083
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0812865677
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0365334621
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0167006408
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0107435888
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0011147571
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007972915
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000511999
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001174238
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000108336
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.56264E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.86237E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
96.975
Magnitude:
79
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.7
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Ernest Hollings
The interstate highway system has received significant attention and federal funding since the construction of the Lincoln Highway in 1913 and the Rural Post Roads Act of 1916, and later during World War II with the Federal Highway Act of 1944. It was not until 1956, however, that the Government began heavily promoting highway transportation with the passage of the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956. The act established a Highway Trust Fund based upon Federal user taxes, in order to finance up to 90 percent of State construction costs of the $25 billion plan to pay for new roads, and the construction of the Eisenhower National Interstate and Defense Highway System.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.18958
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0171360953
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0165686099
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0024624575
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0010940095
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003820388
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003482507
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.64748E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.64645E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.8853E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.0863E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.5905E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
96.977
Magnitude:
79
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
32
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Ernest Hollings
Similar policies and Federal attention for aviation resulted in a strengthened infrastructure, and follows much the same story of the highways system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2409612993
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1602084376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0746827747
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0460286101
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0108652333
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004349897
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004050995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003098278
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001338489
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
7.20085E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.61157E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
96.7
Magnitude:
77
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19.2
Gunning-Fog Score
17.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Ernest Hollings
Passenger rail service was once a vital instrument in the transportation needs of our Nation. For instance, during World War II, not only did the railroads transport 90 percent of all defense freight, but also 97 percent of all defense personnel on their way to theaters of action. By the end of the war, railroads accounted for three- quarters of the common carrier share of intercity traffic, with airplanes and buses sharing the remaining quarter of traffic. However, with national focus turned to aviation and highways, by the late 1960s most rail companies were petitioning the Government to discontinue passenger services because of losses.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.07692
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.07692
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.1431
VADER
-0.502
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0425998238
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0147865387
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0031997948
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0023693623
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004004193
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000144197
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.30118E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.84106E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.12889E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.06965E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.385E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
96.936
Magnitude:
85
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.3
Gunning-Fog Score
16.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35
Ernest Hollings
Amtrak was created as a Federal corporation in order to relieve the railroad industry of these unprofitable passenger operations, and in the interest of maintaining a national passenger rail network. But in retrospect, Amtrak was set up not to thrive and expand passenger rail service, but really to just maintain the status quo of 30 years ago. That attitude persists even today. Since 1971, Amtrak has received only $25 billion in public subsidies; during that period, the United States invested $750 billion on highways and aviation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
0.823
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.016311236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0082284401
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006933473
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006816691
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005859449
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.53039E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.8104E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.01382E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.9885E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.328E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.9858E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
97.025
Magnitude:
125
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.5
Gunning-Fog Score
17.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Ernest Hollings
So one problem becomes all too clear -- that U.S. passenger rail infrastructure has no stable funding source in contrast to highways, aviation, and transit. In fact, per capita spending on passenger rail is much lower than many other countries: the U.S. ranks behind Britain, France, Japan, Canada, Luxembourg, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, Sweden, Denmark, Italy, Ireland, Spain, Norway, Czech Republic, Finland, Slovakia, Portugal, Poland, South Africa, Greece, and Estonia. Imagine that of the 23 industrialized nations with rail service, we are at the bottom. Including these countries, no passenger rail service in the world has built and operated a passenger rail system at a profit. All have required Government support for construction and maintenance, or operating support, or both. That same principle holds true for highways and aviation, which have required substantial Federal spending since their beginning and continue to receive generous Federal subsidies today.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.68421
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.68421
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.5506
VADER
0.887
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0114934788
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0108261185
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0054679513
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0019597313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004243819
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.53628E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
4.31183E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.6862E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.04167E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.1424E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.8999E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
90.289
Magnitude:
126
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.4
Gunning-Fog Score
11.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
58
Sprache Difficult Word Count
61
Ernest Hollings
Those who want passenger rail to operate without Federal assistance -- ultimately forcing more travelers onto cars, buses and airplanes -- argue that we should not "subsidize" passenger rail. But we subsidize the building of roads and highways with tax dollars. We subsidize the building of airports and pay for all of the equipment and people needed to run our air traffic control system. We consider those subsidies to be worthwhile investments in our economy and our quality of life. We must make the same investment to create a world-class passenger rail system in order to see the same kinds of benefits.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.52381
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.52381
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.557
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
1.8282994628
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0508938916
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0095702868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0064816435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0040893799
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0024710365
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0013437649
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0008547642
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.01882E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.0038E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.689E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
96.493
Magnitude:
77
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.3
Gunning-Fog Score
15.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Ernest Hollings
While that argument should stand on its own, here's something the highway and airline crowd can take to the bank: moving more short-haul travelers to rail service reduces congestion on our already overcrowded highways and eases congestion at airports. It also provides real competition to airlines on short-haul trips.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.20067
VADER
-0.052
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
1.0539503768
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0400288875
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0076915669
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0022041388
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0008590021
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008434383
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006094838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001830973
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.7425E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.3361E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.0642E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
96.807
Magnitude:
57
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.9
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Ernest Hollings
Over the past 30 years, the lack of investment and attention to the needs of passenger rail infrastructure has resulted in a weak passenger rail network, and has caused a strain on the capacity of other modes of transportation in many areas of the country. The Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997, and preceding statutes, resulted in creating conflicting missions for Amtrak: serve a public function by operating unprofitable long-distance routes, but also attempt to operate at a profit. To add insult to injury, Amtrak has been forced to delay capital improvement projects having important long-term benefits in order to attempt to meet the mandate of the 1997 Act. Congress passed this misguided law in 1997, requiring Amtrak to operate without government support by the end of fiscal year 2002. But there is no truly national passenger train service in the world that makes a profit. Requiring Amtrak to make a profit has forced the railroad to forgo long-term capital investments in favor of short-term, bond payment shell games. Instead of investing in modern trains and infrastructure upgrades, Amtrak was forced to mortgage Penn Station just to pay the electric bill.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.28571
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.28571
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.54654
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.78846
VADER
-0.391
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.1536866766
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0072984854
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0039794104
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0028539245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001056107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003361318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002647583
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001973545
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.37197E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.28745E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.039E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
97.038
Magnitude:
80
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.3
Gunning-Fog Score
17.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
62
Sprache Difficult Word Count
65
Ernest Hollings
From this, it is evident that we need to reevaluate our Nation's rail passenger policy, and clearly define a role for Amtrak. A strong Federal role was required to establish the interstate highway system and the Federal aviation network. And now Federal investment in passenger rail infrastructure is critical; once again, Federal leadership is required to address the needs of a reliable, safe, secure passenger rail network.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
0.84
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.135730172
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0089171692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0026538659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0020762882
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012461035
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010577974
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.63022E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.62469E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.15162E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.6587E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.5922E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
83.344
Magnitude:
44
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.6
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Ernest Hollings
This legislation provides a blueprint for the future of passenger rail in the United States. The bill will help develop high-speed rail corridors, which are the building blocks for a national passenger rail system. This will allow regional transportation solutions to play a part in the national system. It will also aid in the development of short distance corridors between larger urban centers, as well as provide funding to preserve longer distance routes for those communities that do not have the population densities to merit air service -- sometimes the train is their only alternative to driving. Finally, it will provide Amtrak with the tools and funding it needs to operate efficiently.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.625
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.625
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.34993
VADER
0.935
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.9137757123
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.023611197
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0074731761
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0050137318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0014390188
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0004113097
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002508372
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001291393
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.7544E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.83632E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.45284E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
96.201
Magnitude:
61
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
Ernest Hollings
This legislation authorizes $1.255 billion in emergency spending for Amtrak's security and life safety needs. Similar language was included in the Rail Security Act, S. 1550, which was favorably reported by the committee on October 17, 2001. In that legislation, we authorized funds to be spent on immediate rail security needs, such as hiring more police officers across the entire Amtrak system and modernizing the safety infrastructure of old tunnels.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
0.896
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0579356565
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0510303129
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010715122
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006820664
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002596595
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002284024
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002271074
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.93279E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.27592E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.81961E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7255E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
90.89
Magnitude:
30
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.2
Gunning-Fog Score
17.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Ernest Hollings
This bill will give the Federal Government the script for the role it needs to play in establishing a national rail passenger system. It would not require any State contribution, and would give preference to projects having right-of-way dedicated to passenger rail, involving high-speed passenger service of 125 mph, although operations of 90 mph speeds or more would be eligible for funding, and those connecting to other modes of passenger transportation, including airports.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.66
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.5563004408
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0246546464
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0168703089
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.010717129
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0089547393
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000641095
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006314069
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001834798
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.11874E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.4947E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.02241E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
78.247
Magnitude:
108
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Ernest Hollings
The bill authorizes $1.5 billion annually for corridor development. These funds are needed for infrastructure acquisition, highway-rail grade crossing improvement/elimination, acquisition of rolling stock and track and signal equipment. Development of a national passenger rail system carries a high cost, and the Federal Government must take the lead role in funding it.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
3.9083715528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.1357431058
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0700179429
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0531803351
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0257466047
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0054869801
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005301126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002264277
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.03507E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.7556E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.4292E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
96.321
Magnitude:
75
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.8
Gunning-Fog Score
17.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Ernest Hollings
This bill will also fund $35 billion in loan guarantees. This money will dramatically expand the current Railroad Rehabilitation & Infrastructure Financing loan and loan guarantee program. But we also must restructure that program. Since it was created in 1998 as part of TEA-21 bill, the program has processed only a few loans due to unreasonable constraints imposed by OMB. Our bill eliminates the artificial limits on loan amounts, impossible collateral requirements, and unworkable loan cohort structures.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.16705
VADER
0.612
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1680304063
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0322374108
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0251674152
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0129598935
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0116366107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0026657854
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0017275208
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000647574
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003570992
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.92398E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.72169E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
95.844
Magnitude:
40
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.6
Gunning-Fog Score
12.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Ernest Hollings
This bill identifies existing high-speed corridors in 29 States and the District of Columbia for priority consideration. Many of these corridors are in areas where people are now driving cars or taking airplanes on trips of 300 miles or less. In these areas, like the East Coast, travelers could take a high-speed train instead and arrive at about the same time. But right now they don't have that rail option, and they won't until we build it.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0421467586
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0315642683
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0049392253
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0028699613
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007670347
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005017079
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001938414
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.55173E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.29614E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.73365E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.8646E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
96.305
Magnitude:
41
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
67.9
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
10.4
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
9.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Ernest Hollings
The passenger railroad system that has worked well in the Northeast can work in other highly-congested areas of the country: the South, the Midwest, California and the Northwest. Thirty years ago, those areas did not have the population to support high-speed intercity rail. But today those areas are growing by leaps and bounds. As the highways in those areas clog up and the planes run 3 hours late, their Governors -- many of them Republicans -- are asking us for help to build high speed rail.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.802
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0847454299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0626077235
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0273797603
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0033549473
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0025096304
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.002196304
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006438264
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002850968
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002646712
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001634871
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001165906
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
95.224
Magnitude:
66
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63
Gunning-Fog Score
10.5
Coleman-Liau Index
11.3
SMOG Index
10.8
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Ernest Hollings
A short-term benefit of this legislation will be stimulation of the economy by providing jobs in developing new corridors. This bill ensures that fair labor standards for all projects receiving funds under it, including payment of prevailing wages and allowance of collective bargaining over wage rates.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0.649
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0174775167
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0025513051
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0021178928
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001955641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007022779
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005111885
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001719009
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.90074E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.83039E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.2354E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.0765E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.634
Magnitude:
25
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Ernest Hollings
Another immediate benefit will be the closing/improvement of highway- rail grade crossings in high-speed rail corridors. Under this bill, funds are set aside specifically for these important safety improvements.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.836
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.3598355455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1369045698
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0286282244
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0199479255
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0128615909
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0087997367
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0005469611
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004851931
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003895674
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002701038
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001615142
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
60.81
Magnitude:
36
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.8
Sprache Readability Score
3.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Ernest Hollings
This legislation will provide the necessary funds of $1.31 billion for Amtrak to repair and upgrade the track it owns and operates in the Northeast corridor. This corridor is a prime example of the benefits we can attain when there are transportation choices for travelers. The Northeast corridor has become an invaluable asset to our national transportation system, and it should not be left in disrepair. This bill authorizes funds to enable Amtrak to eliminate its capital backlog of projects, maintain ongoing projects to capital infrastructure, and improve capacity to accommodate projected growth in traffic. It also allows Amtrak to reinvest revenues from operations in the Northeast corridor back into the backlog of capital infrastructure projects.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.9
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.9
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.56495
VADER
0.863
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0376062409
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0370953028
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0063440348
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0054788605
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0038815673
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013685702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001305639
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.62189E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.35429E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.37383E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.1092E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
66.96
Magnitude:
81
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
27.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
50
Sprache Difficult Word Count
42
Ernest Hollings
In a nutshell, this is our long term plan to make passenger rail a part of our balanced transportation system. But in the short run, we must make sure Amtrak's financial foundation is strong at a time when we are relying on them more than ever. Amtrak's ridership has increased consistently, and they now carry over 22 million passengers per year. This legislation will give Amtrak the tools and funding they need to create a modern, efficient passenger railroad. The bill reauthorizes Amtrak for 5 years, and fully funds their capital needs and the operating losses with respect to long-distance service.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.64663
VADER
0.9
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1039399649
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0117217511
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0063030653
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0042827771
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008073708
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006844741
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000234469
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002310482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.79244E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.14507E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.19305E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.729
Magnitude:
123
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.2
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Ernest Hollings
This legislation repeals the unrealistic operating self-sufficiency requirements. It also authorizes funding for compliance with environmental standards, and the Americans with Disabilities Act.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.78846
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0523860275
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0156934009
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0085759144
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0023044013
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0019477624
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000949339
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005414076
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000191589
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001481153
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.25976E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.92036E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
85.769
Magnitude:
113
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
18.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Ernest Hollings
This legislation will further aid Amtrak to operate more efficiently. It will require Amtrak to reinvest revenues from non-passenger operations into growth projects outside the Northeast corridor. It will require revenue from the Northeast corridor to be reinvested into capital projects on the Northeast corridor. Finally, it will require an annual independent audit of Amtrak, to be reviewed by the Department of Transportation's Inspector General.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.677
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0867851486
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0104651495
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.010166561
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0062917752
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0027210384
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016695769
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005816945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.2978E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.0552E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.27347E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.1576E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.709
Magnitude:
55
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26
Gunning-Fog Score
16.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Ernest Hollings
I am pleased my colleagues have joined with me in sponsoring this bill. By developing passenger rail as part of a balanced transportation system, this legislation will lead to the creation of jobs in the short run to stimulate our economy. In the long run, high-speed rail corridors will become a key foundation for our national rail passenger transportation system, which is critical to the strong backbone of a prosperous economy.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.875
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0762729847
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0099798606
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0086172557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0031013595
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.00284696
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008696633
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001842313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001457433
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.6957E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.96489E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.30313E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
96.773
Magnitude:
50
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45
Gunning-Fog Score
18.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Ernest Hollings
Like the interstate highway system, the benefits of passenger rail and Amtrak could be immeasurable, so we have much at stake. While I have outlined an ambitious blueprint, I keep in mind that 50 years ago, the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways was "pie in the sky." Now our successful Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways and national aviation network are used by many, so much that in many places they are congested and strained to capacity. We should not wait until our current transportation problems reach epidemic proportions; our economy cannot afford it.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.827
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0490637263
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0476471381
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0132591187
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0034811175
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018326389
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008462664
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006706524
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002153093
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.1057E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.304E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.33E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
95.149
Magnitude:
133
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.2
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Ernest Hollings
Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the bill and an outline of the finances of this bill be printed in the Record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0108210719
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0072428185
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0027513275
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.00267702
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0010973627
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001123601
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.70685E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.67381E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.62055E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.13475E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.25E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
82.904
Magnitude:
71
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.4
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
9.8
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
10.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Joe Biden
Madam President, as my good friend Senator Hollings has just stated, we are on the brink of a very important decision. Do we continue to underfund a national passenger rail system? Or do we finally stand behind the system, committing to it once and for all?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.833
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.9
Gunning-Fog Score
13.1
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Joe Biden
I agree with my good friend, the chairman of the Commerce Committee, and that's why I joined him in introducing this important bill. For 30 years, I have witnessed Congress dangling a carrot in front of Amtrak's eyes, funding it just enough for it to limp along. And I'll tell you, this has to stop. Now is the time to commit politically and financially to a strong, safe, and efficient passenger rail system. And now is the time to determine once and for all, what exactly it is that we want out of passenger rail service in the country. Should this be a truly national system? And should we devote the resources necessary to maintain and expand this networks?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.99853
VADER
0.968
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
69.4
Gunning-Fog Score
10.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.1
SMOG Index
11
Automated Readability Index
7.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Joe Biden
Senator Hollings and the rest of my colleagues know that I support funding the highway and aviation networks, our Nation has relied upon them for years, and they have served us well. But I look around today and I see crowded skies and congested roads. At the very same time, I see empty rails, with the potential to relieve this transportation burden and serve as a useful alternative for Americans.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
0.813
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55
Gunning-Fog Score
12.8
Coleman-Liau Index
11.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Joe Biden
As Senator Hollings discussed just now, the events of September 11 further demonstrated, in stark and rigid terms, the necessity of transportation choices. For years I have argued that we need to sit down together and begin an honest and frank discussion in order to create a blueprint for the future of passenger rail.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
0.34
Somewhat Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.8
Gunning-Fog Score
15.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Joe Biden
And, let me tell you this, this bill that I am introducing with Senator Hollings is a good, solid start. Instead of maintaining the status quo, the bill offers a vision and a set of priorities for the future of passenger rail in this country. It says: we need to make sure this system is safe, as September 11 demonstrated it must be. It says: we need to seriously invest in the future of this system, which is high-speed rail. And it says: the Federal Government will need to adequately fund a national passenger rail network, no matter how the system is structured.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
0.785
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.7
Gunning-Fog Score
11.8
Coleman-Liau Index
9.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Joe Biden
And that is something that has always mystified me. When it comes to other forms of transportation, highways and airplanes, we have given them all they ask for, consistently providing full Federal backing. Since 1971, in fact, we have given $750 billion to highways and aviation. In the same period of time, since the birth of Amtrak, we have only given $25 billion to our national passenger rail system. That's only 3 percent of all transportation funding in that period. That is appalling.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
-0.34
Somewhat Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
62.3
Gunning-Fog Score
12.3
Coleman-Liau Index
11.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Joe Biden
If we want a national passenger rail system, and most Americans do, as all the polls indicate, then we are going to have to pay for it, and understand the long-term commitment it takes to get this kind of system up and running. Passenger rail in this country has never had a stable funding source instead, it has been subjected to the whims and follies of the political process, and it has lost this battle time and time again.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.27273
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.27273
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
-0.039
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
9.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Joe Biden
Every single industrialized country, France, Japan, Germany, subsidizes a national rail system. For years, we have been living in a fantasy - that somehow, we can have our cake and eat it too: that we could mandate Amtrak to be self-sufficient without giving it nearly enough money to do so. But Amtrak cannot run a national rail network, without adequate levels of Federal investment, and still be expected to be commercially self-sufficient. That is just not rational.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
-0.171
Leans Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45
Gunning-Fog Score
14.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Joe Biden
There are two steps, then, in ensuring the future of passenger rail. Short-term, we have got to make sure that we do not allow Amtrak to go bankrupt, or worse, mortgage off their future in a desperate attempt to stay afloat. That is why, alongside many of my colleagues, I have pushed for the full $1.2 billion appropriations amount that Amtrak has requested for next year. This bare-bones minimum will give them the ability to maintain the current state of passenger rail, nothing more, nothing less.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.74721
VADER
-0.552
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
61.5
Gunning-Fog Score
13.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Joe Biden
And in the long-term, we need a new vision for the future of national passenger rail so these one-time, bare-bones funding requests are no longer an issue. This bill represents just such a vision. It would invest seriously in the planning and implementation of high-speed rail corridors, which provides the most bang for the buck and which almost every State Governor, Democrat or Republican, has been clamoring for for years. It would provide money for debt payments, which Amtrak has incurred as a direct result of Federal underfunding. It would authorize capital investment funds, to begin to correct the $5.8 billion capital backlog Amtrak faces today. And it would fund operating costs for the long-distance trains that provide essential service to rural areas of the country.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.375
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.375
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.7376
VADER
-0.34
Somewhat Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.6
Gunning-Fog Score
13.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
40
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48
Joe Biden
Moreover, it would address the serious security concerns that plague our rail system today. I stood up here months ago, right after one of the worst events in our Nation's history. I stood up here in order to call attention to what I thought, and continue to think, is a dire situation. And that is this matter of rail security. The events of September 11 dramatically and starkly revealed how essential it is that the United States have a national, effective, and secure railroad passenger system. It also exposed how vulnerable that system is right now to terrorist attacks. I have traveled through the train tunnels that Amtrak uses, and let me tell you, these tunnels are just plain frightening, poor ventilation, poor lighting, inadequate evacuation routes.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.46634
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.35714
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.35714
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.71912
VADER
-0.953
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
Joe Biden
This reauthorization bill would help the system deal with these tunnels and other gaps in our passenger rail security. A one-time investment of $1.4 billion would provide security fencing, closed circuit television, tunnel rehabilitation, increased security inspections, essential security-related improvements. The Department of Transportation itself has warned several times in the last few years about the necessity of quickly and fully funding Amtrak's security needs. $1.4 billion is a small price to pay to avoid a repeat of September 11.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.69231
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.69231
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.52606
VADER
0.883
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.2
Gunning-Fog Score
17.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35
Joe Biden
Finally, this bill would bring a greater level of accountability to the whole structure. As Senator Hollings indicated, the $1.55 billion in funds for high-speed corridor planning and implementation would be run through the Department of Transportation, so that the Federal Government can work together with state and local agencies in promoting the future of our rail system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.612
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.1
Gunning-Fog Score
17.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Joe Biden
This bill, together with the $1.2 billion appropriations for next year, will bring us closer to the type of passenger rail system that our Nation deserves and needs. As my good friend Senator Hollings alluded to, 50 years ago, our leaders had the vision and foresight to stand up and say, we need an interstate highway system, and we need to fund it appropriately. Let us today go forward with this blueprint in hand and create a similar network for passenger rail.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.27273
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.27273
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.908
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
56.3
Gunning-Fog Score
15.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Jean Carnahan
Madam President, I rise today to introduce important legislation for homeland defense, the Weapons of Mass Destruction Responder Training Facility Act of 2002. America's war against international terrorism has increased the need to prepare against the threat of weapons of mass destruction, known as WMDs.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.61904
VADER
-0.971
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.2
Gunning-Fog Score
17.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Jean Carnahan
Currently the Army's frontline of defense against WMD threats, Fort Leonard Wood, does not have the ability to conduct full-scale, joint training year round. This preparation gap must be closed. Our national security depends on the ability to effectively respond to a WMD attack. That is why I have introduced legislation to create a permanent training facility at Fort Leonard Wood.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.43508
VADER
0.444
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.1
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Jean Carnahan
Fort Leonard Wood has no dedicated facility for training active duty and National Guard WMD responders. This prevents both joint training and the expansion of coordination among all WMD responders.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.586
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.7
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Jean Carnahan
Last October, we in this body learned first hand the importance of a coordinated response to WMD attacks. When letters, filled with anthrax, were mailed to members of Congress, 50 of our colleagues in the Senate and their staffs were evicted from the Hart office building for over three months. Experts from several agencies and departments, who never prepared together to respond to a WMD attack, worked to overcome setbacks and difficulties to make sure the Hart building was safe again. I thank them for all their hard work. But we now know that to prepare for future threats, those responsible for responding to WMD attacks must train together.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.80235
VADER
0.035
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Jean Carnahan
Constructing of a permanent facility will enable joint training and cooperation of WMD Civil Support Teams; Department of Defense Emergency Responders; Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Instillation Support Teams; and Active and Reserve Component Chemical Units. The need to conduct joint operations and training year round is important and immediate. It is vital to national security. This is why the Army has placed the highest priority on building a permanent facility at Fort Leonard Wood.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.69231
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.69231
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.52606
VADER
0.886
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
17.5
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Jean Carnahan
This legislation will compliment S. 1909, which was introduced by my friend and colleague from Missouri. Senator Bond's legislation calls for the establishment of a unified command for homeland defense, a post both the President and the Secretary of Defense support.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.56495
VADER
0.912
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Jean Carnahan
S. 1909 will allow the Department of Defense to more effectively manage homeland defense resources by centrally locating the unified command within the United States, away from a major population center at an Armed Forces facility already in use for WMD training.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.84583
VADER
0.888
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26.4
Gunning-Fog Score
17.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Jean Carnahan
Fort Leonard Wood meets all of these requirements and seems like an ideal candidate to fulfill this new and important national security role. But Fort Leonard Wood is not yet ready. While it has taken the lead in preparing WMD responders, there is yet another step to take. We must ensure that the country is prepared for future attacks by establishing a permanent training facility now.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.03688
VADER
0.903
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.5
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
John Kerry
Madam President, today I am introducing legislation to help our nation's 8(a) Business Development, BD, and HUBZone firms compete more effectively in the Federal marketplace.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.706
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.3
Gunning-Fog Score
16.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
John Kerry
This bipartisan legislation, cosponsored by Senator Kit Bond, stems from a 1997 commitment Senator Bond and I made to each other to seek equality between the Small Business Administration's, SBA, 8(a)BD program and the HUBZone program.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.382
Somewhat Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
John Kerry
Much has been made lately of the SBA's proposed rule to establish "parity" or equality between these two important programs. Some in the contracting community have opposed the proposed rule because they have concerns about the decline in the number of contracts and contract dollar values being awarded to 8(a)BD firms. I share the concerns of the contracting community in this regard, but I do not blame the HUBZone program for this decline. Rather, I blame the current procurement environment.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.04452
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.125
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.125
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.23639
VADER
0.333
Somewhat Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.8
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
John Kerry
In 1997, working with then-Chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business, Senator Bond, I took the necessary steps to protect the 8(a)BD program. In my negotiations with Senator Bond, he agreed to change the legislation creating the HUBZone program from one of HUBZone priority to one of equality between the 8(a)BD and HUBZone programs. Further, we negotiated a 3 percent increase in the Federal Government's small business goal, raising it from 20 percent to 23 percent, in order to accommodate the HUBZone program, which when fully phased in for Fiscal Year 2003 will have a 3 percent governmentwide goal. This increase was put in place specifically to accommodate the HUBZone program and ensure that 8(a)BD firms did not lose Federal contracts to the HUBZone program.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.43508
VADER
0.912
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16.3
Coleman-Liau Index
11.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
52
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35
John Kerry
The fact remains, however, despite these protections, that 8(a)BD firms are experiencing a decline in Federal procurement, which some place as high as 34 percent since 1997. The cause of this decline has its roots in the new procurement environment created by the reforms in the mid-1990s, such as passage of the Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act and the Federal Acquisition Reform Act, the regulatory changes to procurement programs in response to the Adarand Inc. v. Pena decision, and reductions in the acquisition workforce. Because negative trends hit minority-owned firms first and hardest, these small businesses have borne a disproportionate share of the percentage decline in Federal contract dollars being awarded to small businesses.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.46634
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.16667
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.16667
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.31015
VADER
0.296
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.5
Gunning-Fog Score
15.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
46
Sprache Difficult Word Count
41
John Kerry
To help combat the negative effects of procurement reform, I have been taking a very close look at the SBA's programs to assist small businesses, especially small businesses owned by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals. The legislation being introduced today is the first step in halting and reversing the decline brought about by procurement reform.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.20067
VADER
-0.727
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
22
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
John Kerry
This legislation specifically addresses two critical areas of the 8(a)BD and HUBZone programs. The first deals with the relationship between the two programs when a small business has received both an 8(a)BD and a HUBZone certification, the second deals with the sole- source threshold issue for these firms.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.318
Somewhat Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.5
Gunning-Fog Score
14.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
John Kerry
First, an important factor in my decision to support the HUBZone legislation with the negotiated changes to protect the 8(a)BD program was the concept known as "super-priority" or "priority-preference." The priority-preference stems from Congressional intent that firms that are both 8(a)BD and HUBZone certified receive a preference over a firm that has a certification in only one program. In addition, the priority-preference was intended to allow these firms to combine the price evaluation preference available to them under each program, with the understanding that any offeror would still need to meet a "responsiveness" test in terms of their offer. Unfortunately, the new rule proposed by the SBA does not include the priority-preference, and the SBA has issued guidance that states that the priority-preference has no statutory provision to support its creation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.802
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
53
Sprache Difficult Word Count
42
John Kerry
Although I strongly disagree with the SBA's decision to end the priority-preference, this legislation will rectify the situation by creating a statutory priority-preference for firms that have both an 8(a)BD and a HUBZone certification. Such a provision will help combine the benefits of each program and bring additional jobs and opportunities to underdeveloped areas. I view this provision as a win- win for the 8(a)BD and HUBZone contracting communities.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.945
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
John Kerry
Second, this legislation makes an important update to both the 8(a)BD and HUBZone programs by raising the sole-source thresholds. One of the most important attributes of both of these programs is the authority for small businesses to receive contracts on a sole-source basis. This excellent benefit is limited, however, by a cap on the dollar amount for sole-source contracts. Currently, contracts for goods and services are limited to $3 million, while manufacturing contracts are limited to $5 million. This legislation updates those limits by $1 million for each category -- an update that has been needed for some time and that Senator Bond and I nearly succeeded in including in the Small Business Reauthorization Act of 2000. By increasing the sole-source thresholds, the Federal government will immediately put more contract dollars into the hands of 8(a)BD and HUBZone firms.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.99853
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.06667
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.06667
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.12516
VADER
0.839
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.7
Gunning-Fog Score
16.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
46
Sprache Difficult Word Count
39
John Kerry
As I mentioned earlier in my statement, this legislation is merely one step in the process to help reverse the negative trends procurement reform has had on our nation's small businesses.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.6
Gunning-Fog Score
18.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
John Kerry
It is my hope that we can move this legislation through the Senate quickly, and I would urge all of my colleagues to lend their support.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.681
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
66.6
Gunning-Fog Score
13.5
Coleman-Liau Index
8.9
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
11.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Kit Bond
Mr. President, I appreciate the opportunity to come to the Floor once again on another bipartisan matter with the distinguished chairman of the Small Business Committee. We have such a constructive working relationship in the Federal procurement issue area, and I always welcome the opportunity to work with the Senator from Massachusetts, Mr. Kerry, to advance small business participation in Government contracting.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.84583
VADER
0.886
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.1
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Kit Bond
This bill we are introducing today will further clarify the relationship between the HUBZone and 8(a) contracting programs. This relationship has been a strongly debated topic lately, although we thought our Committee provided clear guidance on the matter in the 1997 HUBZone Act. In the matter before us, we are clarifying what happens when firms are eligible for both programs and become certified.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.599
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Kit Bond
The original Small Business Administration regulations on the HUBZone program called for the highest contracting priority to be given to HUBZone 8(a) "dual status" firms. That is, if a firm has been certified in both programs, it moves to the head of the class in getting Government contracts. The HUBZone regulations said that, in a HUBZone set-aside, an 8(a) firm should win over non-8(a) firms. Unfortunately, a comparable change was not included in the 8(a) regulations, to give HUBZone firms a preference in 8(a) set-asides. In a letter to SBA's Acting General Counsel last year, I asked SBA to resolve this inconsistency.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.25131
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.27297
VADER
0.743
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.3
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Kit Bond
Robert Gangwere, the Acting General Counsel, stated he did not think SBA had the statutory authority to grant a "superpreference" to HUBZone 8(a) dual status firms. Currently, SBA has a proposed rulemaking in progress that deletes the "superpreference" language.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.681
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.1
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Kit Bond
This bill would restore that. In a HUBZone set-aside (a competition restricted only to firms that are HUBZone firms), an 8(a) bidder would have priority over non-8(a) HUBZone bidders. A comparable change would be made in the 8(a) set-aside, giving HUBZone firms priority. I think this is reasonable, in that it encourages firms to take advantage of both programs.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.43508
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
64.1
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
9.9
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
7.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Kit Bond
I do have one reservation with this bill. Both the HUBZone program and the Small Disadvantaged Business program, of which 8(a) is a part, offer a 10 percent price evaluation preference under certain circumstances in full-and-open competition. The old SBA rules called for HUBZone 8(a) combined firms to get a 20 percent price evaluation preference, combining both the HUBZone preference and the Small Disadvantaged Business preference. I think 20 percent is excessive.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.43532
VADER
-0.511
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.9
Gunning-Fog Score
13.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Kit Bond
One of the goals of the small business program is to try to help small firms stabilize and develop, so they can survive in a competitive marketplace. Government contracts are supposed to be a means toward that end. But if a firm requires a 20 percent preference to win a contract, it probably has not done what it needs to do to become efficient and ready for the competitive marketplace. I am concerned that a 20 percent preference will be an unreasonable subsidy for inefficient firms. If a small business bidder is not even able to get within 20 percent of the lowest bidder, it probably is not a viable enterprise, and subsidizing its existence is not the highest and best use of taxpayer monies.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.20067
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2381
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2381
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.46262
VADER
0.941
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16.7
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
40
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Kit Bond
With that reservation, I am happy to cosponsor this measure with the Senator from Massachusetts. I am confident we can come to some kind of accommodation on the price evaluation preference, and look forward to working with him to do so.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.83321
VADER
0.785
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.8
Gunning-Fog Score
14.1
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.5
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Olympia J. Snowe
Madam President, I rise today to introduce the Genetic Information Non-Discrimination in Health Insurance and Employment Act of 2002. I am joined in introducing this bill by Senators Frist, Jeffords, Enzi, Collins, Hagel, DeWine, and Gregg.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.7
Gunning-Fog Score
9.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Olympia J. Snowe
The legislation I am introducing today is the culmination of several months work, though it is, in fact, the second part of an effort that started several years ago. Specifically, in April 1996, I introduced the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination in Health Insurance Act, legislation that was designed to protect people's genetic information and results of genetic testing, or requests for genetic testing, from being used against them by their health insurers. Back then, time was on our side as the completion of the Genome was years off.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.83321
VADER
0.382
Somewhat Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.5
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Olympia J. Snowe
However, four years later, in June 2000, everything changed with the announcement that the first working draft of the Human Genome was completed. And since that time, science has continued to hurry forward, further opening the door to early detection and medical intervention through the discovery and identification of specific genes linked to diseases like breast cancer, Huntington's Disease, glaucoma, colon cancer and cystic fibrosis.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.16705
VADER
-0.807
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Olympia J. Snowe
Unfortunately, like so many other scientific breakthroughs in history, the completion of the Genome not only brought about the prospect for medical advances, such as improved detection and intervention, but also potential harm and abuse, as the knowledge of individual genetic information could be used against the very same person it is invented to help.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.99853
VADER
-0.743
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Olympia J. Snowe
Accordingly, the need for protections against genetic discrimination by both health insurers and employers is becoming more urgent everyday. If, because of concerns about the way the information could be used, people are unwilling to use the potential unlocked by the Genome project to take proactive steps to protect their health and that of their loved ones, then we will never reap the true benefits of this discovery.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.909
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Olympia J. Snowe
While we cannot yet prevent diseases such as breast cancer, genetic testing makes it possible for carriers of these diseases to take extra precautions. In fact, early detection is the best weapon we have to combat many of these diseases we can now identify, and for breast cancer it is a critical component when one considers that almost 192,000 women were struck by the disease last year. Technological advances in screenings coupled with the ability to identify who carries the gene linked to breast cancer can help us in our efforts to reduce this number. The possibilities for this discovery are limited only by the willingness, or unwillingness, of people to use this knowledge.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.1
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.1
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.19106
VADER
-0.914
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.1
Gunning-Fog Score
18.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Olympia J. Snowe
In 1997, a woman from Maine brought the reality of this dilemma home for me when she wrote of her very real fear of the repercussions associated with genetic testing. Bonnie Lee Tucker has nine women in her immediate family who were diagnosed with breast cancer, and she herself is a survivor. She wrote to me about her fear of having the BRCA test for breast cancer, because she worries it will ruin her daughter's ability to obtain insurance in the future.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.96
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47
Gunning-Fog Score
16.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Olympia J. Snowe
Bonnie Lee isn't the only one who has this fear. When the National Institutes of Health offered women genetic testing, nearly 32 percent of those who were offered a test for breast cancer risk declined to take it citing concerns about health insurance discrimination. What good is scientific progress if it cannot be applied to those who would most benefit?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
0.354
Somewhat Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.2
Gunning-Fog Score
11.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Olympia J. Snowe
Dr. Francis Collins, the Director of the National Human Genome Research Institute, has testified before Congress about the next step for those involved in the Genome project. He explained that the project's scientists were engaged in a major endeavor to "uncover the connections between particular genes and particular diseases," to apply the knowledge they just unlocked. In order to do this, Dr. Collins said, "we need a vigorous research enterprise with the involvement of large numbers of individuals, so that we can draw more precise connections between a particular spelling of a gene and a particular outcome." However, this effort cannot be successful if people are afraid of possible repercussions of their participation in genetic testing.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.44444
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.44444
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.89794
VADER
0.222
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.8
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
47
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44
Olympia J. Snowe
The bottom line is that, given the advances in science, there are two separate issues at hand. The first is to restrict discrimination by health insurers and the second to prevent employment discrimination, based upon genetic information.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.178
Leans Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.1
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Olympia J. Snowe
With regard to health insurance, the issues are clear and familiar, and something the Senate has debated before, in the context of the consideration of larger privacy issues. As Congress debated what is now the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, we also addressed the issues of privacy of medical information. And any legislation that seeks to fully address these issues must consider the interaction of the new protections with the newly promulgated privacy rule which was mandated by HIPAA, and our legislation does just that.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.75786
VADER
0.382
Somewhat Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Olympia J. Snowe
Now we must ensure that we protect genetic information, genetic tests, as well as information regarding a request for genetic testing, from being used by the insurer against the patient. Genetic information only detects the potential for a genetically linked disease or disorder, and potential does not equal a diagnosis of disease. However, it is critical that this information be available to doctors and other health care professionals when necessary to diagnose, or treat, an illness. It is the difference that we must recognize as we discuss legislation to protect patients from potential discriminatory practices by insurers.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.47826
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.47826
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.9904
VADER
0.796
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Olympia J. Snowe
Unlike our legislative history on debating health privacy matters, the issues surrounding protecting genetic information from workplace discrimination is new. And to that end, the legislation I introduce today creates these protections in the workplace. As demonstrated by the Burlington Northern case, the threat of employment discrimination is real and therefore it is essential that we take this information off the table, so to speak, before the use of this information becomes widespread. While Congress has not yet debated this specific type of employment discrimination, we have a great deal of employment case law and legislative history on which to build.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.65393
VADER
0.44
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
27.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Olympia J. Snowe
As we considered the need for this type of protection, we agreed that we must extend current law discrimination protections to genetic information. We reviewed current employment discrimination law and considered what sort of remedies people would have for instances of genetic discrimination and if these remedies would be different from those available to people under current law, for instance under the ADA or the EEOC.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.26826
VADER
0.422
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
17
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Olympia J. Snowe
The bill we introduce today creates new protections by paralleling current law. In addition it addresses changes in the law that have occurred since the original introduction of my bill and the other bills on this subject. The momentum to address this issue has finally reached a critical mass. Clearly this is an issue whose time has come.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.637
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.4
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.8
Automated Readability Index
8.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Olympia J. Snowe
It has been more than eighteen months since the completion of the working draft of the Human Genome. Like a book which is never opened, the wonders of the Human Genome are useless unless people are willing to take advantage of it.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.178
Leans Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
66.7
Gunning-Fog Score
10.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.3
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
9.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
Olympia J. Snowe
It's my sincere hope that the bi-partisan legislation I introduce today is the beginning of the end of the debate in our effort to ensure that every one of us is just as protected from discrimination because of what is in our genes as we are from our heritages, our genders and our impairments.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.878
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
21.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
9.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Bill Frist
Madam President, I rise once again today to speak on the critical issue of genetic discrimination and to proudly join my colleagues, Senators Snowe, Jeffords, Collins, Enzi, DeWine, Hagel, and Gregg in introducing the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2002.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
0.542
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
3.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Bill Frist
The threat of genetic discrimination, both in the workplace and with respect to health insurance coverage, is one of the most troublesome Congress faces. As our scientific knowledge has improved, the threat of discrimination has increased. As a physician, as a medical researcher, and ranking member of the Subcommittee on Public Health, I have a long and deep interest in this issue, and I believe we have a unique responsibility to ensure that medical and scientific progress does not result in individual harm.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.375
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.375
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.7376
VADER
0.211
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Bill Frist
For example, I am deeply troubled by reports of women declining genetic testing out of fear that they may lose their health insurance, even though a genetic test might reveal that a woman is not at high risk and therefore allow her to make more informed health care choices. When I first joined Senator Snowe to introduce legislation banning genetic discrimination in health insurance in 1998, almost one-third of women offered a test for breast cancer risk at the National Institutes of Health declined, citing concerns about health insurance discrimination. If unchecked and unregulated, this fear of discrimination clearly has the potential to prevent individuals from participating in research studies or taking advantages of new genetic technologies to improve their medical care.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.4
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.4
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.76214
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.38946
VADER
0.116
Leans Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
16.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
44
Sprache Difficult Word Count
47
Bill Frist
Scientific advances hold the promise of higher quality medical care, yet there is a pressing need for federal legislation to reassure the public that learning this information will not result in a loss of health insurance coverage or in the loss of a job. I am committed to a bipartisan legislative solution, and have worked extensively towards this goal with Senator Snowe, Jeffords, and a number of the members of this Committee over the past several years. I believe that, together, we have made an important step in addressing this through the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination in Health Insurance Act, which has been passed by the Senate on three separate occasions.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.52941
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.52941
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.888
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Bill Frist
Today, we are building on that work, and on the solid foundations established in law by the Civil Rights Act, Americans with Disabilities Act, and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2002 builds upon our progress in the health insurance area and expands our previous legislation to address the threat of employment discrimination and health insurance based on genetic information. Moreover, the bill incorporates the most recent scientific understandings in the field of genetics research in establishing protections and defining relevant terms.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.48808
VADER
0.103
Leans Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
8.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Bill Frist
I believe that it is incumbent upon us to pass legislation this year that is comprehensive, consistent, reasonable and fair. I am troubled by some legislative approaches that would place these new protections outside of the established framework of our time-tested civil rights laws and that would establish separate protections against genetic discrimination than exist for other types of discrimination. The bill today meets that standard of providing strong protections that are consistent with the current state of scientific knowledge, as well as current law.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
0.691
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Bill Frist
I commend my colleagues for their commitment to this issue. I also commend President Bush for his commitment to ensuring strong protections against genetic discrimination and for calling attention to this critical matter. Through this important legislation, we have the opportunity to dispel the threat of discrimination based on an individual's genetic heritage, and I look forward to working with my colleagues to enact this legislation this year.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.47368
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.47368
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.9694
VADER
0.93
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22