Fact
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Senate Floor: STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS
Topics
Entities
Moderation
11 Speakers
Topics
No topics found
Entities
No entities found
Moderation
No moderation found
Speakers
Arlen Specter Arlen Specter said 252 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
42%
Arlen Specter said 4612 words of a total of 12799 words.
37%
John Kerry John Kerry said 80 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
14%
John Kerry said 2046 words of a total of 12799 words.
16%
Susan Collins Susan Collins said 62 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
11%
Susan Collins said 1364 words of a total of 12799 words.
11%
Joe Biden Joe Biden said 55 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
10%
Joe Biden said 1214 words of a total of 12799 words.
10%
Jim Jeffords Jim Jeffords said 40 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
7%
Jim Jeffords said 792 words of a total of 12799 words.
7%
Chris Dodd Chris Dodd said 22 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
4%
Chris Dodd said 641 words of a total of 12799 words.
6%
Patrick Leahy Patrick Leahy said 20 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
4%
Patrick Leahy said 603 words of a total of 12799 words.
5%
Ernest Hollings Ernest Hollings said 28 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
5%
Ernest Hollings said 582 words of a total of 12799 words.
5%
Bill Frist Bill Frist said 14 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
3%
Bill Frist said 404 words of a total of 12799 words.
4%
Mike Crapo Mike Crapo said 15 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
3%
Mike Crapo said 285 words of a total of 12799 words.
3%
Rick Santorum Rick Santorum said 12 sentences of a total of 600 sentences.
2%
Rick Santorum said 256 words of a total of 12799 words.
3%
Full Transcript
Mike Crapo
Mr. President, I am pleased to rise today to introduce, along with Senator Conrad of North Dakota, legislation that would greatly enhance the use of telehealth technology to bring badly-needed health care services to rural and underserved areas throughout the country.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
0.727
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0406827428
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0387911161
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0027112783
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0024814863
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0011070709
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001130412
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.31676E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.69421E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.68712E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.0039E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.3696E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Technology
Score:
51.435
Magnitude:
41
Code:
17
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#17
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
Health
Score:
23.758
Magnitude:
41
Code:
3
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#3
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.5
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Mike Crapo
This bill would allow for greater reimbursement for telehealth services under Medicare and calls for a valuable investment in the development of new and more advanced telehealth networks in underserved areas. Telehealth is the future of rural health care. Access to quality health care in rural areas is at a critical stage. Today, many ill and disabled people must drive hundreds of miles, often in bad weather on dangerous roads, just to receive the most basic of health care. Access to specialists is even more prohibitive. However, by using much of the same technologies that we use to communicate with our constituents from here in Washington, we can bring quality health care, and specialty care, to their local health care provider.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.14286
Leans Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.25131
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.48387
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.48387
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.01693
VADER
0.946
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.31016469
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1723151072
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.005337067
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0035517111
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0020604137
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017487109
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013558624
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.001209927
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0011656305
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000478426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002282029
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Health
Score:
95.762
Magnitude:
121
Code:
3
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#3
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.6
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Mike Crapo
I would like to thank Senator Conrad, who has been a longtime supporter of telehealth services, for joining me in introducing this important legislation. Our bill would allow a wide variety of health care practitioners to provide telehealth services under Medicare. One of the biggest challenges for rural practitioners is obtaining the resources and infrastructure to provide technologically advanced telehealth services. Our bill would also provide valuable resources for the development of new telehealth networks in rural and underserved areas.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
0.939
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0738924835
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0705777085
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0020156338
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012224391
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006733125
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005975905
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005371046
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004455285
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004067572
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0003238475
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001172959
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Health
Score:
94.736
Magnitude:
80
Code:
3
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#3
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
22.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
32
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Mike Crapo
Technology in America is booming. We must embrace this technology as a cost-effective way to improve health care in rural and underserved areas. This legislation takes a large step in providing a modest investment toward the improvement of rural health care.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.03688
VADER
0.927
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0060110899
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.004521196
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000706192
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005940045
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004242435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001532887
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0001057194
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.42128E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
5.33202E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.38824E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.8406E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Technology
Score:
81.906
Magnitude:
41
Code:
17
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#17
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.6
Gunning-Fog Score
11.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Jim Jeffords
Mr. President, I appreciate the opportunity to speak today on an issue that has been and will continue to be important and vital to the health of all Medicare beneficiaries. Medicare's origins date back to 1965; since that time little has changed in the relationship between incentives to provide care and quality of care received. The current system does not reward or provide incentives for providing quality health care. Instead, what has evolved over the last years is a perplexing data base of well documented facts concerning quality and utilization. This information is very difficult to explain but hard to ignore. Why is it that the utilization of some surgical procedures varies tremendously from one part of the country to the next? Why is it that the cost of care per beneficiary varies from location to location without clear differences in outcomes, survival, or quality? Today, after much work with numerous health systems, patient advocacy organizations, and medical quality researchers, my colleagues Senators Frist, Gregg, Breaux and Feingold and I are pleased to announce the introduction of legislation to create Medicare demonstration projects to address these issues.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.45199
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.70732
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.70732
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.69773
VADER
0.972
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0755008718
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0428037456
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0079885649
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.006492711
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.002743271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0019247236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002141208
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.9277E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.67778E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.04457E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.6824E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Health
Score:
83.581
Magnitude:
107
Code:
3
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#3
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
70
Sprache Difficult Word Count
62
Jim Jeffords
The incentives, both financial and non-financial, to provide best healthcare to Medicare beneficiaries are complex and poorly understood. These incentives have historically been rooted in the longstanding Medicare fee-for-service payment model. In an effort to better align the incentives to provide care with best practice guidelines, appropriate utilization, adherence to best medical information, and best outcomes we have written legislation to address these issues through a Medicare demonstration project. This project will implement continuous quality improvement mechanisms that are aimed at integrating primary care, referral care, support care, and outpatient services. The bill will encourage patient participation in care decisions; strive to achieve the proper allocation of health care resources; identify the appropriate use of culturally and ethnically sensitive services in health care delivery; and document the financial effects of these decisions on the medical marketplace.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.79487
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.79487
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.06546
VADER
0.996
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0157945688
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0090381429
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0033459655
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0033145468
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0011026813
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009537148
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003522099
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003329411
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003039529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001647222
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.29993E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Social Welfare
Score:
71.17
Magnitude:
44
Code:
13
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#13
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
9.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
68
Sprache Difficult Word Count
62
Jim Jeffords
As we enter an era of rapidly increasing numbers of Medicare beneficiaries, it will be increasingly important that we re-evaluate the Medicare program to insure that the quality of care received is uniformly exceptional in its delivery and quality. It is appropriate that we continue to find better ways to insure that the norms of quality health care are established and followed. It is my sincere hope that my colleges will join me in this endeavor.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.3673
VADER
0.962
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0961468497
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0128256201
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0100588361
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0034951117
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0023630506
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003824915
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001959094
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000173847
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001641979
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001269272
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.70829E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.539
Magnitude:
90
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Bill Frist
Mr. President, I rise today to introduce the Medicare Quality Improvement Act -- a bill to help revitalize the Medicare Program by providing for the alignment of payment and other incentives. I want to thank Senators Jeffords, Gregg, and Breaux for their work in helping craft this crucial legislation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0.9
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0863484747
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0291206466
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0089281624
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0061500104
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.005353889
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0010792479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001554369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.87309E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.55679E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.3705E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.2473E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
89.295
Magnitude:
107
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.6
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Bill Frist
To meet the needs of the 21st century health care system, it is critical that payment policies be aligned to encourage and support quality improvement efforts. Even among health professionals motivated to provide the best care possible, the structure of payment and other incentives may not facilitate the actions needed to systematically improve the quality of care, and may even prevent such actions. For example, redesigning care processes to improve follow-up for chronically ill patients through electronic communication may reduce office visits and decrease revenues for a medical group under some payment schemes.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.25131
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.46154
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.46154
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95551
VADER
0.985
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.3532113042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0432268513
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0410953682
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0118034848
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.006036428
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0043031359
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002472278
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.89724E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.89715E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.33667E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.8072E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.688
Magnitude:
56
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
17.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
39
Bill Frist
Current payment practices are complex and contradictory; and although incremental improvements are possible, more fundamental reform will be needed. In this report, "Crossing the Quality Chasm," the Institute of Medicine encouraged the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to develop a research agenda to identify, test, and evaluate options for better aligning payment methods with quality improvement goals. The demonstration project authorized by this legislation is part of that larger research agenda -- to help us understand the appropriate alight of payment and other incentives and improve the quality of health care in a way that will not increase the overall costs of Medicare.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.56522
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.56522
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.21302
VADER
0.955
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0435518246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0296496815
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.011692827
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0036000587
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0034369623
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0030098217
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0027953009
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.51485E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.77408E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.38062E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.12766E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
93.792
Magnitude:
84
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
9.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
44
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48
Bill Frist
We already have identified appropriate ways to align provider incentives. Research supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation has noted at least 11 different incentive models -- models that can be implemented by a wide variety of organizations and applied to a range of medical groups, providers, and health plans. In many circumstances, key components of these models have been implemented in several health care markets, and the research has shown that both financial and nonfinancial incentives, such as technical assistance, are important in motiving appropriate care. However, we do not know how these incentives might apply to Medicare, and that is why this demonstration is so vital.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.86667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.86667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.26868
VADER
0.951
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0763581484
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0094714087
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017140446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0014023503
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.001365862
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0011278597
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006288037
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001259552
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.27818E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.12184E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.866E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
76.008
Magnitude:
59
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Bill Frist
It has been an honor and a pleasure to work closely with my distinguished colleagues on this bill, and I look forward to continuing to work with them and others as we move forward on the debate about how to more appropriately reform Medicare.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.785
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0130652377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0022558886
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008076018
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0005945022
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005927952
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005617444
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0005591527
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.14215E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.78325E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.5164E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.049E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.531
Magnitude:
134
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
John Kerry
Mr. President, I am pleased today to introduce a critical piece of legislation intended to help small businesses receive their fair share of the Federal procurement pie and to ensure that they are being treated fairly within the Federal procurement system. I would like to thank my cosponsors, Senators Bond, Cleland, Cantwell, Bingaman and Carnahan for working with me and small business groups to craft this legislation, as well as Congressman Albert Wynn, for his partnership on this legislation. Congressman Wynn will soon be introducing companion legislation in the House.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.938
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0433693902
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0275425613
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0103393642
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0047101097
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0017486091
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012276368
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003719325
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001600892
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001326556
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001118929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.3965E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Labor
Score:
92.572
Magnitude:
61
Code:
5
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#5
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.1
Gunning-Fog Score
15.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
John Kerry
In my time as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship and previously as Ranking Member, two facts regarding small business procurement have made themselves very clear, small businesses are not getting their fair share of Federal procurement and there is no one in the entire Federal Government with the sole responsibility of advocating for small businesses, governmentwide, in the procurement process and ensuring that Federal agencies and large business prime contractors treat small businesses fairly. Some individuals are responsible for portions of this job, but no one performs this role as their primary job function or has the authority to do so solely.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.349
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0051156909
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0019900532
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009893416
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0005964648
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002351838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001782047
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001706772
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.22299E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.18262E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.23447E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.1538E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
93.504
Magnitude:
58
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
6.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
John Kerry
I felt this was a glaring oversight and looked to the current make-up of the SBA to see if it could be rectified. My solution is a new position modeled along the Small Business Administration's, SBA, regulatory ombudsman, which could focus solely on procurement matters. A new ombudsman for small business procurement, or the Small and Disadvantaged Business Ombudsman, is needed to fill this role for procurement matters, just as the SBA's National Ombudsman does for regulatory issues. By creating a parallel position, each ombudsman can focus on his or her key mission, without detracting from either regulatory or procurement issues important to the small business community.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.64663
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0774103799
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0047326805
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0038670471
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0027701757
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0018491797
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001985313
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.52787E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.72021E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.18892E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.4084E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.8545E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Government Operations
Score:
61.379
Magnitude:
63
Code:
20
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
Law and Crime
Score:
27.057
Magnitude:
63
Code:
12
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.9
Gunning-Fog Score
18.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
43
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
John Kerry
While no legislation alone can ever solve the complex problems faced by small businesses in today's Federal procurement environment, I believe the creation of a Small and Disadvantaged Business Ombudsman at the SBA will put us firmly on the right track and address several procurement issues raised through program oversight and communication with small business owners.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.78846
VADER
-0.691
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.027832482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0063005529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0016128841
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009446907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006746855
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0005635166
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.07467E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.51883E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.20893E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.346E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.1373E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
44.242
Magnitude:
130
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
Law and Crime
Score:
28.006
Magnitude:
130
Code:
12
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
1.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
John Kerry
For example, small businesses frequently contact my office to report problems they are having with a prime contractor or a contracting agency. Too often, these businesses are afraid to come forward and make an official complaint for fear of being blackballed and denied future contracting opportunities. The SDB Ombudsman will provide one solution for these small businesses who fear being blacklisted by allowing them to submit confidential complaints. The SDB Ombudsman will have the responsibility of tracking these complaints and trying to rectify them.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.46634
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.47957
VADER
-0.929
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.1921702526
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0089552348
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0082927021
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0037809375
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0030676969
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0023186107
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006856926
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.82085E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.57431E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.74493E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.02035E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.459
Magnitude:
119
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
John Kerry
The SDB Ombudsman will also work to change the culture at Federal procuring agencies by tracking and reporting on the training of procurement personnel and working to ensure that this training not only includes the "How to's" of small business participation, but also includes training on why small business participation is crucial to agency success and the national economy.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.56495
VADER
0.781
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0429684354
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0088320514
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0053783089
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0046601679
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0045166969
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0014650402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003040912
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001998083
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001381391
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.40135E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.05805E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.669
Magnitude:
52
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
John Kerry
Until the Federal Government, at all levels, realizes the importance of doing business with small business, small business participation in Federal procurement will continue to decline, our Nation will lose its access to a wide range of small business suppliers, and small businesses across the country will continue to lose billions of dollars in procurement opportunities year after year. Of critical importance in the legislation is the first statutory consequence of an agency failing to meet its small business goals. Under the legislation, if an agency fails to meet any small business goal, the agency would be required to submit a report and an action plan to the SDB Ombudsman detailing why the agency failed to meet its small business goal or goals, and what the agency intends to do to remedy the situation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.17647
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.17647
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
-0.859
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0242585767
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0132442845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0050758284
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0021630398
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0019436893
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0015587346
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004626106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002890402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001974576
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001483165
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.88395E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.683
Magnitude:
105
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
46
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
John Kerry
The SDB Ombudsman will also be responsible for tracking compliance with Section (k) of the Small Business Act, which stipulates, in part, that the Director of the Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization at each Federal agency shall report to the head or deputy head of the agency. Late last year, with the support of Ranking Member Bond, I sent a letter to 21 Federal agencies to gauge compliance with this provision. Using a very lenient standard of compliance, I have concluded that at least nine of the Federal agencies surveyed are in violation of Section (k) of the Small Business Act. This is unacceptable.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
-0.369
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Sexual
0.0116029376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0079803867
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0059315582
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0007900925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001503141
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001383685
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
6.77064E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.77515E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.32843E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.72603E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7455E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.699
Magnitude:
104
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.7
Gunning-Fog Score
15.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
John Kerry
On June 19, 2002, the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship help a roundtable to discuss Federal procurement policies. The roundtable, title "Are Government Purchasing Policies Hurting Small Business?" was attended by a wide range of small business advocates, small business owners and government officials. One of the topics discussed during the roundtable was my draft proposal, the SDB Ombudsman Act, to create a new position at the SBA to monitor Federal agency compliance with certain provisions of the Small Business Act and serve as a focal point to assist small businesses that were treated unfairly in the Federal procurement process.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
0.494
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0325058441
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0177858208
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0151934626
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0110324239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.007645235
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0019521194
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013810267
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003664185
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002375104
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.05319E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.0187E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.474
Magnitude:
110
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38
Gunning-Fog Score
17.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
43
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
John Kerry
During the Roundtable, I asked the participants for their recommendations on how to improve the legislation to ensure that the SDB Ombudsman serves as the most effective advocate possible for small business. The Committee record was also kept open for two weeks so that participants could submit further comments.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.834
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0105915366
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0020357573
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0018834295
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0011229527
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004115935
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.2625E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.95239E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.84712E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.2283E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.1884E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.1247E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
90.351
Magnitude:
71
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.9
Gunning-Fog Score
15.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19
John Kerry
I have now reviewed the Committee record and further submissions and am pleased to say that the responses were very positive. Several important suggestions were made to strengthen the Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization at each Federal agency as an important corollary to the creation of the SDB Ombudsman, since the SDB Ombudsman would be relying on each OSDBU to fulfill his or her statutory responsibilities.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
0.923
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0140947581
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0107824671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0084183434
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018382661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013512376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001195458
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000118386
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.33142E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.27399E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.1253E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.0575E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
16.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
John Kerry
Many other small businesses have come to the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship and requested that we strengthen the OSDBUs at each agency as well. This legislation fulfills that request by including six new provisions.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.66
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0090385569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0068131172
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0051195657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0045514607
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006417936
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005382199
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001844581
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.81575E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.08717E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.78806E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.30218E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.13
Magnitude:
20
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.9
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
John Kerry
First, the legislation clarifies that OSDBU Directors shall report to the highest level at each agency. In the study I mentioned previously, too often, an agency cited a bifurcated reporting system whereby the OSDBU Director reports to the head or deputy head on small business matters, but to other, lower-ranking personnel for budgetary or personnel matters. The Small Business Act does not envision such a system. Therefore, I felt it necessary to clarify, in no uncertain terms, that the OSDBU Director must report to the head or deputy head of his or her agency only, for all matters.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
-0.586
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0203067684
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0037491827
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0026819209
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0018219009
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000973659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001714234
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000146307
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001133479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.88574E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.8329E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.1048E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
92.558
Magnitude:
41
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35.6
Gunning-Fog Score
17.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
John Kerry
Second, the legislation requires that all OSDBU Directors now be career personnel. The Director's position is one of advocacy, which often entails challenging co-workers and political personnel, including superiors. Under current law, OSDBU Directors may be political appointees. While this has worked in some instances, I believe the small business community would be better served by career personnel with job protections.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
0.671
Very Positive
Moderation
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0089768662
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0087315449
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0029106415
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0016600145
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.00149419
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0013867359
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002693334
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001672514
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
1.16563E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.0838E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.137E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
42.427
Magnitude:
77
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
39.258
Magnitude:
77
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.7
Gunning-Fog Score
15.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
John Kerry
Third, the legislation requires the OSDBU Director to be well- qualified in assisting small businesses with procurement matters. No one disputes the expertise of Federal procurement officials; however, procurement expertise does not always translate to small business procurement expertise. This provision will help ensure that small businesses are being served by those who understand their particular procurement needs.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.494
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0052647505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.002792357
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0014164916
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002948837
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001805694
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001125764
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.95306E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.18918E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.12305E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.0627E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.1867E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
60.014
Magnitude:
85
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
John Kerry
Fourth, the legislation requires that, at major Federal agencies, the OSDBU Director have no job responsibilities outside the scope of the authorizing legislation. This provision was included because far too many agencies assign the OSDBU Director title to their procurement chief or another official with similar responsibilities, while the actual OSDBU program is run by someone else. This provision will stop this abuse.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
-0.527
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0036734564
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017936367
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017493214
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009508858
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003281759
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001594728
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.79801E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.67364E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.09082E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.01039E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.4571E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
85.103
Magnitude:
97
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
20.3
Gunning-Fog Score
18.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
John Kerry
Fifth, the legislation requires that a procurement chief not serve as the Director of the OSDBU program at a Federal agency. I firmly believe that the OSDBU Director's goal is fundamentally different from, and at times even opposed to, that of a chief procurement official who must be fair to all Federal contractors. An OSDBU Director's role is one of advocacy. He or she must take the side of small business, and no procurement chief can do this and perform both jobs fairly and effectively. While OSDBU Directors at major Federal agencies are barred from having additional responsibilities under this legislation, non- major Federal agency OSDBU Directors may. This provision will help ensure that at our non-major Federal agencies, the OSDBU Director can act fairly on behalf of small businesses.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.63599
VADER
0.807
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0113683367
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0014085748
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0008961693
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0006968793
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000166164
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.06629E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
3.11318E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.07741E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.3823E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.1327E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.0666E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Technology
Score:
71.385
Magnitude:
106
Code:
17
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#17
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
48
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
John Kerry
Sixth, the legislation provides statutory authority for the OSDBU Council. Under the legislation, each OSDBU Director will have membership on the Council, which will meet at least once every two months. The Council's role is to discuss issues of importance to the OSDBUs and the small business community they serve. OSDBU Directors serving at major Federal agencies have as a part of their responsibilities an obligation, under this legislation, to attend Council meetings. This provision was included to once again prevent Federal agencies from circumventing the Small Business Act. Attendance at Council meetings will help ensure that Federal agencies are complying with the law and that OSDBU Directors are small business advocates, not simply procurement personnel with two hats.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.75786
VADER
0.802
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0039810006
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0016964426
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005996628
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0002642505
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001149514
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001033665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.04071E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.69E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.4977E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.7622E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.4854E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Labor
Score:
64.993
Magnitude:
37
Code:
5
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#5
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
20.86
Magnitude:
37
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
48
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
John Kerry
One final note on the legislation is that the inclusion of a provision to increase the governmentwide small business prime contracting procurement goal from 23 percent to 30 percent has been retained, although it will now be phased in over three years: 26 percent in FY 2004, 28 percent in FY 2005 and 30 percent in FY 2006 and thereafter.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.34
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0051717318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0047712394
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0032985943
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000483831
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004722658
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002561815
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.71704E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.89054E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.5307E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.2438E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.3042E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
79.607
Magnitude:
82
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
John Kerry
When I first made the suggestion that the small business procurement goal should be increased seven percentage points, my office received numerous calls, both in support of the increase and in opposition. Some even suggested raising the goal to a level of 40 percent. But, by and large, those in opposition pointed to one fact: The Federal Government has never achieved such a level of small business procurement participation. And while that is true, no one said that it was impossible. Given the disappointing achievement of the Federal Government on the current small business goal of 23 percent, I believe it is time to raise the bar.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.45455
Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.45455
Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.8873
VADER
0.542
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0011356577
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006673182
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0005579387
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.000469483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001734522
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.65854E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.64562E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
6.86953E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.1617E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.574E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.049E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
86.789
Magnitude:
79
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.9
Gunning-Fog Score
13.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
John Kerry
When Congress enacted goals as part of the Small Business act, the goals were intended to be a minimum standard of achievement. For too long, the goals have been treated as a target for attainment, not a minimum level of acceptable small business participation. This too must change. Almost every year the Federal Government comes very close to hitting the small business prime contracting goal of 23 percent right on the head. Some years it does slightly better, and some years, unfortunately, it does slightly worse. However, this trend demonstrates one important principle, the government is firmly shooting for 23 percent, no more -- no less.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.18958
VADER
-0.49
Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0052193755
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0008794002
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0005906971
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0003738903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001341729
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.92963E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
5.29123E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.58654E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.8577E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.42E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.262E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
84.762
Magnitude:
71
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.5
Gunning-Fog Score
13.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
John Kerry
By raising the statutory goal, it is my hope that the Federal Government will shoot for the higher target and succeed. But I ask my colleagues to look at this critically in that the goal for small business isn't so much being raised as the 77 percent of Federal procurement that now goes to large businesses, which represent only a tiny portion of all Federal contractors, is being reduced to 70 percent. So if the small business goal should increase to 30 percent, 70 percent of all Federal procurement will still be awarded to a relatively small number of all Federal contractors. Is this fair to small business? No. But it is an improvement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.869
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0141134122
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.005512128
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0017559267
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009308557
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004145978
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003010952
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000228117
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.71629E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.01363E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.8769E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.3129E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
75.217
Magnitude:
66
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
61.4
Gunning-Fog Score
11.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
John Kerry
I am pleased to say that my legislation is supported by groups representing primarily small businesses or small business contractors, such as the National Small Business United, NSBU, Women Impacting Public Policy, WIPP, and the Association of Small and Disadvantaged Business, as well as advocacy groups such as the Latin American Management Association, LAMA, the Minority Business Enterprise Legal Defense and Education Fund, MBELDEF, and the Veterans of Foreign Wars, VFW.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.586
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0029536188
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0021009688
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0014690596
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0014316367
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000532323
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
4.16918E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.72203E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.9396E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.4396E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.378E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.588E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
92.801
Magnitude:
100
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
John Kerry
I thank them as well as the cosponsors of this legislation, Senators Bond, Cleland, Cantwell, Bingaman and Carnahan for their assistance, input and support, and I look forward to continuing to work with them on this and other important issues.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.56495
VADER
0.796
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.016629546
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0080608253
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0024460996
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0014078134
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0011508539
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007083849
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002016711
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000125978
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.21267E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.05804E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.9532E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
97.636
Magnitude:
30
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
John Kerry
I ask unanimous consent that the text of the Small and Disadvantaged Business Ombudsman Act be printed in the Record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.202
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.00229093
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0013869859
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0009597868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009387571
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.000391945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.39712E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.52794E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
4.00793E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.71597E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.672E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.74E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Transportation
Score:
61.679
Magnitude:
89
Code:
10
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#10
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
Domestic Commerce
Score:
26.405
Magnitude:
89
Code:
15
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#15
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.2
Gunning-Fog Score
10
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Susan Collins
Mr. President, I rise today to introduce the "United States Postal Service Commission Act of 2002." This legislation will establish a Commission to examine the challenges facing the Postal Service and develop solutions to ensure its long term viability and increased efficiency.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.875
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0558409665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0180447503
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0030774012
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0014647971
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.001204084
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006732856
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003927981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003371446
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.80835E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.11798E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.5982E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Agriculture
Score:
89.074
Magnitude:
114
Code:
4
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#4
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.5
Gunning-Fog Score
15.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Susan Collins
The Postal Service's problems have reached a near crisis level. In 2000, the Postal Service lost nearly $200 million, while in 2001, this loss ballooned to $1.68 billion. Losses are projected to be $1.35 billion this year, despite the $675 million in appropriations from Congress to cover the unanticipated costs associated with the September 11 attacks and the anthrax incidents. The Postal Service is mandated by law to break even on its operating expenses and its capital needs, both of which continue to grow.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.7346
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.44444
Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.44444
Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.89794
VADER
-0.923
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0519356574
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0385470397
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0033928489
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0023514622
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0011260842
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004163376
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001677586
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
6.55832E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.46393E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.53258E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.8535E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Agriculture
Score:
77.014
Magnitude:
101
Code:
4
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#4
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.6
Gunning-Fog Score
15.1
Coleman-Liau Index
11.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Susan Collins
The Postal Service is also fast approaching its $15 billion statutory borrowing limit. Given its recent history of increasing rather than paying down its debt, increasing the Postal Service's debt ceiling is not the answer. In addition, the Postal Service's long term liabilities are enormous, to the tune of nearly $6 billion for Workers Compensation claims, a staggering $32 billion in retirement costs and perhaps as much as $45 billion to cover retiree health care costs. Meanwhile, on June 30, consumers experienced a third postal rate increase in just 18 months.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.23077
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.23077
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.43532
VADER
-0.077
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0339173363
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0256136555
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0086560212
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0038176757
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0033086824
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0014851548
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004535876
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002127114
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.74095E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.80635E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.238E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Agriculture
Score:
72.529
Magnitude:
110
Code:
4
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#4
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.3
Gunning-Fog Score
17
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Susan Collins
How could the Postal Service have landed in such dire straits? The Postal Service's problems stem from many causes. For example, the overall growth rate of mail has been declining since 1997, and first class mail volumes actually have declined over the past four years. This is particularly significant, as first class mail accounts for 48 percent of total mail volume. In addition, revenues from first class mail cover more than two-thirds of institutional costs, such as post offices. Shortfalls must be made up by decreasing costs, increasing volumes in other categories of mail or by increasing postal rates.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.99853
VADER
-0.259
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
1.6533922404
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0368112029
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0209807069
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.005355569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0041273794
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.003170592
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0019422498
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0011996519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004089236
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.80496E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.8889E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Agriculture
Score:
68.135
Magnitude:
108
Code:
4
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#4
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.6
Gunning-Fog Score
12.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
32
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Susan Collins
Some of this declining volume can be attributed to the increasing forms of electronic communication, particularly the Internet, which has revolutionized the way we communicate and transact business. For example, while financial statements, bills and bill payments constitute about half of first class mail revenue, or about $17 billion annually, electronic bill payment is quickly becoming a major means of doing business. It is estimated that 75 percent of banks will provide online banking services by 2003. This is in addition to other competing methods of communication such as faxes and telephones. In addition, filing tax returns, receiving Social Security payments, and many other transactions are also available electronically.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
0.34
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.4531200975
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.006344627
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0028490567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0008312082
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004363479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001788186
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001564803
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.4667E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.0534E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.7952E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.459E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Agriculture
Score:
78.324
Magnitude:
50
Code:
4
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#4
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
22.5
Gunning-Fog Score
18.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
45
Susan Collins
The Postal Service also faces significant labor-related costs. Indeed nearly 80 percent of its expenses are related to compensation and benefits. By comparison, 56 percent of FedEx's expenses and 42 percent of UPS's expenses are related to compensation and benefits.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.718
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0414615381
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0020778352
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0005140666
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004164642
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004046076
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0002432652
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.32448E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.0674E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.86E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.61E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.36E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.1
Gunning-Fog Score
17.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Susan Collins
The need to preserve a viable Postal Service is clear. Americans rely on affordable, reliable and universal mail delivery as their primary means of communication. The Postal Service delivers more than 200 billion pieces of mail each year to nearly 140 million addresses, which accounts for more than 40 percent of the world's mail. Moreover, 1.7 million new delivery points are added each year -- roughly the equivalent of adding the number of addresses in Chicago. More than seven million Americans visit post offices each day.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.16705
VADER
0.44
Positive
Moderation
Violence
1.2394975871
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.2459457377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.1231201109
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.111756695
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0149327068
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0044409968
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0013804025
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0005906677
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001684589
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.94916E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.30324E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
74.273
Magnitude:
48
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
20.488
Magnitude:
48
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.3
Gunning-Fog Score
14.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Susan Collins
In States with large rural areas, such as Maine, it is vital that postal services remain in place. If the Postal Service were no longer obligated to provide universal service and deliver mail to every customer, six days a week, the affordable communication link upon which many Americans rely would be jeopardized. Most commercial enterprises would find it uneconomical, if not impossible, to deliver mail and packages to these areas at rates that the Postal Service has been offering.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.36772
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.7048036903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1945658587
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0593021337
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0370423659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0172232438
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0054176722
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0039577626
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002121648
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.45225E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.8473E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.385E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
87.287
Magnitude:
36
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28
Gunning-Fog Score
18.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Susan Collins
In addition to providing a critical service to consumers, the Postal Service is the eleventh largest enterprise in the Nation with $66 billion in annual revenues. This is more than Microsoft, McDonald's and Coca Cola combined. While the Postal Service itself employs more than 700,000 career employees, it is also the linchpin of a $900 billion mailing industry that employs nine million Americans in fields as diverse as direct mailing, printing and paper production.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.45199
VADER
-0.318
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0824266113
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0301132415
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.012334928
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.010993336
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0067418179
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0052749467
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0017380919
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003765688
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002006875
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001681239
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.99751E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
89.873
Magnitude:
46
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.1
Gunning-Fog Score
17.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Susan Collins
Affordable postal rates are vital to the economic health of many companies, especially magazines, catalog houses and the service providers they use. The June 2002 rate hike alone represents a ten percent increase for periodicals, and a nine percent increase for catalogs. It is estimated that the combined effect of the past three rate increases, totaling 22 percent over just 18 months, have cost the magazine industry about $400 million.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.586
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0113860857
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.006116696
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0019363722
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003308517
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002784352
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0002442728
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.93978E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.22099E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.7222E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.3593E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.02E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
63.934
Magnitude:
61
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
Defense
Score:
30.192
Magnitude:
61
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.3
Gunning-Fog Score
17.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Susan Collins
In May I met with a group of about twenty Maine businessmen and women involved in the mailing industry, who described for me the impact that rising postal rates have on their businesses. One magazine publisher told me that postage represents ten percent of her costs. I was amazed to hear that one of the catalog busineses pays more for postage a year than it pays to any one of the companies that supply the raw materials for its products. It was also startling to hear from one printer that his postage costs have doubled over the last ten years.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.16705
VADER
0.542
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2855917439
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0080166014
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.003545748
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0025987329
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0019176534
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012364147
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002784621
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.47411E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.9522E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.255E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.654E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
83.268
Magnitude:
66
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.8
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
10.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Susan Collins
Most of the people I met with are small business owners, and there are millions more across the country, all grappling with the same effects of rapidly rising postage costs.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.51083
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.7190243807
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1566187944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0066961722
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0026986254
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017198887
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.00096834
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005240416
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004585091
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003924974
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0003271763
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.88576E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Government Operations
Score:
80.118
Magnitude:
34
Code:
20
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.1
Gunning-Fog Score
14.7
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
Susan Collins
At the request of the Senate Governmental Affairs Committee and House Committee on Government Reform, the Postal Service produced a comprehensive Transformation Plan, which it presented to Congress in April. The Plan addresses general measures that the Postal Service believes it needs to take to ensure its survival, but it fails to lay out specific steps the Postal Service will take and a timeline for action. It is also unclear whether these measures will result in the cost savings necessary to ensure the long-term survival of the Postal Service.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.05882
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.05882
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.11123
VADER
-0.128
Leans Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0069409623
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0016589889
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0014064621
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0008997617
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0008347392
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006365077
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001853622
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.89618E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.4141E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.2722E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.136E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
23.984
Magnitude:
62
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.2
Gunning-Fog Score
15.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Susan Collins
Many attempts have been made to reform the Postal Service over the years. My colleagues in the House of Representatives have tried for nearly eight years to pass postal reform legislation, but to no avail. Stakeholders have widely diverging views on what shape postal reform should take, if any. This lack of consensus on how or whether to deal with divisive issues has led only to stalemates in Congress.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.45199
VADER
-0.696
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.4238567315
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0252165803
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0149023384
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0029971787
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0022877077
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012369501
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0009635462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004006661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.1085E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.35599E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.3501E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
62.158
Magnitude:
53
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
31.715
Magnitude:
53
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.1
Gunning-Fog Score
11
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
9.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Susan Collins
To take a fresh look at these difficult issues, I rise today to introduce legislation establishing a Presidential Postal Commission charged with examining the problems that the Postal Service faces, and developing specific recommendations and legislative proposals that Congress and the Postal Service can implement. Precedent exists for such a commission. In the late 1960s, the Kappel Commission was formed to resolve the crisis situation that the former Postal Department then found itself in, train cars of undelivered mail, strikes, and a host of other problems. The Kappel Commission's efforts laid the groundwork for the Postal Service we have today, which has functioned admirably for many years but is now in serious trouble.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.7346
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.815
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0425257778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0396849588
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0212110099
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0175297057
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0126172963
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0067623645
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0059402071
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0003576479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.74625E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.5197E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.7353E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
55.651
Magnitude:
54
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
Government Operations
Score:
27.65
Magnitude:
54
Code:
20
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.4
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
43
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
Susan Collins
Mindful of the body of work that has been done in this area by my colleagues in the House and Senate, by the General Accounting Office, by the Postal Service itself and by others, I intend that this commission have a short life of one year, during which it will carry out its study and produce legislative proposals for consideration by the Administration and the Congress.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95551
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
3.6716599017
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.7285631262
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1794885844
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1421161462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0554561033
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0460600393
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008274349
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007320027
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006255201
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.08994E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
9.6484E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
7.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Susan Collins
Finally, I intend that the commission consider all relevant aspects of the Postal Service. Everything should be put on the table and evaluated. We need to ensure that the Postal Service will stand up to the challenges it is facing today and will face tomorrow.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.20067
VADER
0.44
Positive
Moderation
Violence
1.2854250148
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.3425426083
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.1508985995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.062978291
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0054873988
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006606429
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000497701
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.16844E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.5531E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.0973E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.5946E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
83.091
Magnitude:
32
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.6
Gunning-Fog Score
12.2
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.9
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Susan Collins
These and many more issues must be examined in depth, if we are to preserve this vital service upon which so many Americans rely for communication and for their livelihood. The Postal Service has successfully overcome numerous difficulties over its 226-year history, and has continued to deliver the mail faithfully. Yet it has reached a critical juncture and once again, it is time for a thorough evaluation of the Postal Service's operations and requirements.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.09091
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.16705
VADER
0.572
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
2.8717556968
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.7974482141
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.3138520056
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.1680522459
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0198576687
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0087247041
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0024435023
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0012813903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0010240322
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004166995
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001134952
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
93.374
Magnitude:
55
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.6
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Rick Santorum
Mr. President I am pleased to introduce legislation along with my colleague Senator Specter to establish a one dollar silver coin that will benefit the National Constitution Center in Philadelphia, PA.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1655148808
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0081680788
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.006422124
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0047111247
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0029867868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0018860106
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001705308
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001453646
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.33483E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.76854E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.6336E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
79.424
Magnitude:
126
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.1
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
3.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Rick Santorum
As the first national center of its kind in the country, the National Constitution Center will promote understanding of the United States Constitution and its values. The events of the past year in our nation as well as recent judicial rulings have brought increased attention to those principles and values that define and bind us as Americans. All would agree that the United States Constitution is central to defining our country, who we are, and how we live as Americans. Even as we often debate in the halls of Congress and the Supreme Court those policies and laws that best reflect the values and intent of the Constitution, we all recognize the freedoms and opportunity that this remarkable document secures for us.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.84615
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.84615
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.12026
VADER
0.987
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.4406672437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0286827271
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0116259529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0023038454
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0021882652
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001997179
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001133435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.63976E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.37723E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.5119E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.71E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
82.721
Magnitude:
66
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35
Rick Santorum
The National Constitution Center has been an important project in Philadelphia with which Senator Specter and I have been involved. Construction began on September 17, 2000. When the Constitution Center is completed as expected on July 4, 2003, it will be a key feature of a revitalized Independence Mall where it will join Independence Hall and the Liberty Bell. The issuance of this coin would coincide with the opening of the Center.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.84583
VADER
0.751
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
1.3630430214
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.1632513129
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0446019985
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0211860897
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.020076301
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0194473134
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0017571027
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000119716
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.63789E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.96357E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.835E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
72.532
Magnitude:
129
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
Defense
Score:
21.254
Magnitude:
129
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.1
Gunning-Fog Score
11.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Rick Santorum
I encourage all of my colleagues to support the National Constitution Center by cosponsoring this bill.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.718
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0062116625
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0025001971
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.001731542
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006314105
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002392467
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.303E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
5.93887E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.79286E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.26345E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.2668E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.287E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Defense
Score:
77.585
Magnitude:
141
Code:
16
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#16
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
3.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Rick Santorum
I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1103689312
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0151373257
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0147497136
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0086147906
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0028174256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0017117854
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0005891786
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.38287E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.6717E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.8577E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.0113E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
72.792
Magnitude:
58
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
73.2
Gunning-Fog Score
8.7
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Jim Jeffords
Mr. President, I am very pleased to introduce the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2002. I am joined by Senator Leahy and Senators Schumer and Clinton of New York. This bill will establish a National Heritage Partnership within the Champlain Valley. Passage of this bill will culminate a process to enhance the incredible cultural resources of the Champlain Valley.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.488
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.8
Gunning-Fog Score
8.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Jim Jeffords
The Champlain Valley of Vermont and New York has one of the richest and most intact collections of historic resources in the United States. Fort Ticonderoga still stands where it has for centuries, at the scene of numerous battles critical to the birth of our Nation. Revolutionary gunboats have recently been found fully intact on the bottom of Lake Champlain. Our cemeteries are the permanent resting place for great explorers, soldiers and sailors. The United States and Canada would not exist today but for events that occurred in this region.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.732
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.4
Gunning-Fog Score
12.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Jim Jeffords
We in Vermont and New York take great pride in our history. We preserve it, honor it and show it off to visitors from around the world. These visitors are also very important to our economy. Tourism is among the most important industries in this region and has much potential for growth.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
0.937
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
65.1
Gunning-Fog Score
12.1
Coleman-Liau Index
10.3
SMOG Index
11.8
Automated Readability Index
6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.7
Sprache Readability Score
3.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Jim Jeffords
The Champlain Valley Heritage Partnership will bring together more than one hundred local groups working to preserve and promote our heritage. Up to $2 million a year will be made available from the National Park Service though the Lake Champlain Basin Program to support local efforts to preserve and interpret our heritage and present it to the world. Most of the funding will be given to small communities to help preserve their heritage and develop economic opportunities.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.863
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.1
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Jim Jeffords
This project has taken many years for me to bring to the point of introducing legislation. This has been time well spent working at the grass-roots level to develop a framework to direct federal resources to where it will do the most good. I am confident that we have found the best model. This will be a true partnership that supports each member but does not impose any new Federal requirements.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.864
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
65.2
Gunning-Fog Score
12.2
Coleman-Liau Index
10.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Jim Jeffords
The Champlain Valley National Heritage Partnership will preserve our historic resources, interpret and teach about the events that shaped our Nation and will be an engine for economic growth. I am hopeful that this bill soon become law.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.5
Gunning-Fog Score
11.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Patrick Leahy
Mr. President, I am very pleased to join with my Senate colleagues from Vermont and New York as we introduce the Lake Champlain Heritage Act of 2002. With this legislation, we will take an important step in recognizing the importance of the Lake Champlain Valley in the history of America.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.838
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57.9
Gunning-Fog Score
12.3
Coleman-Liau Index
11.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Patrick Leahy
I want to thank Senator Jeffords and his staff for all the work they have put into this effort. I know that many hours have gone into the research, discussion and editing to get where we are today. I also want to thank Senators Clinton and Schumer who are our valuable New York partners in all things related to Lake Champlain.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
0.827
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
65.5
Gunning-Fog Score
10.8
Coleman-Liau Index
9.6
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Patrick Leahy
Over the July 4th recess, I was able to participate in the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum's opening of a new exhibit featuring artifacts recovered from the 1776 Revolutionary War Battle of Valcour. It was just 1 year ago that Senator Clinton and I were at the site of the Battle to take part in the recovery and beginning of the conservation process of those artifacts.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.844
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Patrick Leahy
The Valcour Bay Research Project followed the 1997 discovery of the missing American gunboat from the Battle. I bring this up because our purpose today as we introduce this legislation underscores to the rest of our Nation a message we Vermonters and New Yorkers have long proclaimed: the role of Lake Champlain in the cause of American independence cannot be overlooked.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
-0.582
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Patrick Leahy
The evidence of the struggle for this strategic waterway from the days of Native American excursions, through the colonial rivalry between Britain and France, our War of Independence, until the end of the War of 1812, constantly surrounds those of us who make our homes in this Valley.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.45199
VADER
-0.878
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Patrick Leahy
This act is intended to advance the cultural heritage goals of "Opportunities for Action," the comprehensive plan developed under the Lake Champlain Special Designation Act by the Lake Champlain Basin Program with broad public input and support as well as with the involvement of local, State and Federal Governments.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
0.878
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
10.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Patrick Leahy
We envision activities such as locally planned and managed heritage networks and programs, a management strategy for the Lake's underwater cultural resources and strengthening the links between cultural resources and economic development. This legislation will also help provide assistance as the 400th anniversary of Samuel De Champlain's arrival in the Valley is commemorated in 2009.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.21888
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
9.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Patrick Leahy
Today, we are taking a significant step in helping all Americans better appreciate the full history of the Lake Champlain Valley which holds such an extensive collection of historic sites and artifacts.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.823
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Patrick Leahy
As Vermonters and New Yorkers the stewards of Lake Champlain, we have a serious responsibility to conserve this evidence for future generations. We believe that what we do here, how we manage the cultural heritage of the Valley, can contribute to the growing debate on how present generations can live and prosper on the same ground that we conserve as our natural and cultural heritage.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.84615
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.84615
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.12026
VADER
0.44
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Patrick Leahy
Our Vermont and New York Champlain Valley communities share this heritage and have helped us develop a vision to enhance the conservation, interpretation and enjoyment of our shared history and to make it more readily available to residents and visitors alike. We can help revitalize local economies and promote heritage tourism as we improve the stewardship of the Valley's cultural legacy by making additional resources available to communities and organizations through the Lake Champlain Basin Program.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.55535
VADER
0.947
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
2.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Patrick Leahy
I think it is most fitting that we have come here together to introduce this long-awaited bill, reasserting our partnership for Lake Champlain: Vermont and New York engaged in a cooperative effort to conserve, interpret, and honor our common heritage.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Joe Biden
Mr. President, today I am introducing a bill to add outpatient prescription drug coverage as a new and integral benefit under Part B of Medicare. Under this bill, like the rest of the services under Part B, Medicare will pick up 80 percent of the cost of prescription drugs. This would be the case until a beneficiary hits a $4000 annual out-of-pocket limit, at which point the government picks up 100 percent of drug costs. Moreover, beneficiaries will not have to pay increased monthly premiums or annual deductibles as a result of this new drug benefit.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.17647
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.17647
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
0.92
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.3
Gunning-Fog Score
15.2
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Joe Biden
Now, we have been discussing prescription drug coverage for seniors in this chamber for many years, and there have been numerous proposals brought forward. Some might ask, why do you feel the need to propose your own prescription drug plan; what is wrong with the many previous proposals.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.477
Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57.3
Gunning-Fog Score
17.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11
Joe Biden
Well, to my way of thinking, we have lost our focus on this issue. In developing a drug plan, we have concentrated too much on such things as budget allotments, philosophy of government, desires of committee chairs, election politics, and other related issues, while ignoring the one thing that really counts: what do the citizens of this country, the ones who are supposed to use this plan, really want? All of these prescription drug plans will be voluntary, and yet unless a plan is attractive enough to ensure the participation of close to 100 percent of those eligible, it probably won't work from an economic point of view. Those of us who were around in 1988 for the debates about catastrophic health care remember with great clarity the consequences of passing a health-related bill that the citizens don't want.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.375
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.375
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.7376
VADER
0.871
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Joe Biden
Frankly, I have some doubts about whether any of the prescription drug proposals to date provide what the citizens in Delaware or elsewhere really want. And I think I have a pretty good idea of what people want in a prescription drug plan, at least people in my home state of Delaware. I live in Delaware, and I commute back and forth on AMTRAK every day between Delaware and Washington DC. I have been a Senator for 30 years and people in Delaware know me well. They have no reluctance about walking up to me at the local diner, on the train, or at the drugstore, to give me a piece of their minds. And here is what Delawareans want in a prescription drug bill.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.552
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
65.2
Gunning-Fog Score
11.5
Coleman-Liau Index
8.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Joe Biden
They want something simple and easily understandable. They don't want a plan with a lot of fine print, exclusions, complicated payment formulas, gaps in coverage, lengthy paragraphs filled with whereases and wherefores. They don't want to be in a state of constant anxiety because they really don't know what they have signed up for and what they are covered for. They don't want to have to spend hours on the phone listening to music while waiting for an insurance company clerk to answer the phone and try to explain what the benefits are. They don't want to spend a whole day filling out paperwork to try to get reimbursed for their expenses when they could just as well be playing with their grandchildren. They don't want to be caught in the middle of a fight between their drug insurance plan and their Medicare over who is going to pay for what.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.594
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.1
Gunning-Fog Score
15.4
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Joe Biden
They want a plan that provides meaningful and substantial financial help towards the cost of their medications. For most people I talk to, a cut in prescription drug costs from $5000 per year down to $4700 per year is not very helpful; they are still faced with choosing between paying for medications and paying for rent. With the increasing costs of prescription drugs these days, this is a criterion that is just as important to the middle class as it is to those with low incomes.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.63599
VADER
0.476
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
62.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16.1
Coleman-Liau Index
10.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Joe Biden
They want a plan that is stable, reliable, and predictable. They don't want to sign up with an insurance company and then have the company pull out of the state the following year. They don't want the specifics of their benefits to be changing every year. They want to know what they are getting.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
0.64
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
72.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12.1
Coleman-Liau Index
9.8
SMOG Index
11.8
Automated Readability Index
5.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.4
Sprache Readability Score
3.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
Joe Biden
They want a guarantee that a plan will be available to them. They don't want a guarantee that a plan will be available only if an insurance company decides it will offer a plan or if an insurance company decides they are a good risk.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0.406
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58
Gunning-Fog Score
16.1
Coleman-Liau Index
8.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.6
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4
Joe Biden
They want a plan that is uniform, not one whose benefits change drastically if they happen to move a few miles. Delaware is a small state, and people who live or work in Delaware move back and forth across state lines with great frequency.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.604
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
67.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
9.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.2
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Joe Biden
My prescription drug bill is focused on what consumers want, and it fulfills all of these requirements. People are already very familiar with Medicare Part B, so the addition of a prescription drug benefit will not add any confusion. People know that Medicare is stable, reliable, predictable, and the same all over the country. People know that Medicare Part B covers a substantial 80 percent of their medical expense. We know that people like Medicare Part B, since 94 percent of those eligible have voluntarily signed up for it. The addition of a new prescription drug benefit to Part B, without any change in monthly premiums or deductibles, is almost certain to increase the voluntary participation rate close to 100 percent.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.73333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.73333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.6864
VADER
0.956
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.7
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
37
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Joe Biden
Can we afford such a bill? Absolutely. It's just a matter of priorities and choices. And these choices simply reflect our values. My values tell me that providing life-saving prescription drugs to the seniors and disabled is a higher priority than, say, making permanent a tax cut for the well-to-do that they probably don't need and have not really requested.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
0.571
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
61.1
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
11.7
Automated Readability Index
6.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Joe Biden
Many of my colleagues in the Senate, and a large number of their staff, have been working enormously hard to develop a Medicare prescription drug bill that satisfies everybody's concerns. However, I am reminded of the statement by the noted British engineer Sir Alec Issigonis, who commented that "A camel is a horse designed by committee". If the public is expecting a horse, we better not end up with a camel.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.653
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16.2
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Joe Biden
Our current situation here in Congress brings to mind a story related by a local TV weatherman here in Washington, DC. This weatherman works in a very high tech underground office with fancy color radars, computers, split-second communications devices, and state of the art graphics. Yet before each broadcast, the weatherman goes upstairs and looks out the window to make sure it is not raining. I would ask my colleagues, as they work through their cost estimates, economic projections, and so forth in developing a prescription drug plan, to walk upstairs and look out the window. Policy makers must not work in protective isolation, in a vacuum; they need a strong dose of reality to inform their deliberations.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.63599
VADER
0.44
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
Joe Biden
I believe that my bill provides the kind of prescription drug plan that Medicare beneficiaries in Delaware, and around the country, really want. I encourage my colleagues to keep the wants of their constituents foremost as they move to craft a vitally-needed prescription drug bill for Medicare beneficiaries.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.867
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.5
Gunning-Fog Score
17.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
4.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Chris Dodd
Mr. President, I am pleased to join with my colleagues Senator Snowe, Senator Jeffords, Senator Reed, Senator Bingaman, Senator Clinton, Senator Murray, and Senator Edwards today in introducing the new Access to High Quality Child Care Act.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.56495
VADER
0.807
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.3
Gunning-Fog Score
9.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Chris Dodd
On April 11, I introduced, S. 2117, which represented a bipartisan partnership with the Senate Finance Committee and Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, HELP, Committee to both improve the quality of child care and expand the availability of child care. The bill that we are introducing today further strengthens and improves that legislation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.04452
VADER
0.963
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.7
Gunning-Fog Score
13.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Chris Dodd
Compared to S. 2117, the new legislation we are introducing today: further strengthens the coordination among agencies and outreach about the availability of child care assistance, so that the child care agency and TANF agency coordinate in providing information to eligible parents about the availability of child care assistance; includes a new section to improve parent access to the process of obtaining child care subsidies; strengthens accountability for the use of quality funds by requiring States to set State child care quality goals, set quantifiable measures for each goal; and requires States to describe their progress in meeting each goal in an annual report; strengthens provisions to improve the quality and availability of child care for infants and toddlers, child care for disabled children, and child care for children who need care during nontraditional hours; allows States to operate an At Home Infant Care program to improve the quality of care for infants, currently successful in Montana and Minnesota; consolidates the general quality setaside and the child care workforce development setaside under S. 2117 into one 10 percent quality setaside to be used by States to improve the quality of care that children receive, regardless of setting; consolidates data collection under current law to make data collection and reporting requirements easier for States while retaining useful information for policymakers; deletes the section on school readiness incentive grants under S. 2117, instead, replacing these grants with the text of S. 2566, the Early Care and Education Act authorized separately under Title III of this new legislation; shifts the text of the Child Care Centers in Federal Facilities Act and the Technical and Financial Assistance Grants Act under S. 2117 to Title II of the new bill as separate authorizations; adds the text of the Book Stamps Act to Title II as a separate authorization; and, authorizes $1 billion in FY2003 and such sums as necessary in the out years 2004-2007.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
3.21888
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.90476
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.90476
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.84988
VADER
0.998
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
104
Sprache Difficult Word Count
96
Chris Dodd
In short, the Access to High Quality Child Care Act is about putting "Development" back into the Child Care and Development Block Grant.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.718
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54.8
Gunning-Fog Score
9.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.6
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5
Chris Dodd
The fact is that 78 percent of school-age parents are working today; 65 percent of parents with children under 6 are working today; and, over half of mothers with infants are in the workforce today.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57.5
Gunning-Fog Score
14.4
Coleman-Liau Index
9.4
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5
Chris Dodd
That means about 14 million children, including 6 million infants and toddlers, under the age of 5 are in some type of child care arrangement. Many of them are in child care every week for many hours.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.751
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
69.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
7.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Chris Dodd
While their parents work, children are being cared for in a variety of settings. Some of them are very good, but sadly, some of them are not. What we know is that 46 percent of kindergarten teachers report that half or more of their students enter kindergarten not ready to learn.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
-0.425
Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
71.8
Gunning-Fog Score
9.2
Coleman-Liau Index
9.8
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
7.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Chris Dodd
This new legislation that we are introducing today further strengthens our efforts to improve the quality of care to promote school readiness while expanding child care assistance to more working poor families.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.91
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Chris Dodd
We filed this legislation yesterday in the HELP Committee and will proceed to markup next Wednesday, July 24th. I urge my colleagues to join us in supporting this legislation that so many working families with children need.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.819
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.3
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Chris Dodd
I ask unanimous consent that summary of the legislation be printed in the Record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.6
Gunning-Fog Score
14.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Ernest Hollings
Mr. President, I rise today as Chairman of the Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee to introduce the Seafood Safety Enforcement Act of 2002. I am pleased to be joined by the Republican minority leader, Senator Trent Lott, and by Senator John Breaux, both distinguished members of the Commerce Committee. This Act would ensure that imports of seafood into the United States are meeting the same food safety standards imposed on seafood that originates from the United States.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.43508
VADER
0.937
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.6
Gunning-Fog Score
10.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
32
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Ernest Hollings
Shrimp and other seafood harvested and processed in the United States is some of the best quality seafood in the world. I know how hard the shrimpers in my State of South Carolina work to bring good, wholesome products to our tables. To preserve the quality of seafood, the United States has established rigorous food standards to protect the health and well-being of American consumers. As part of that approach, we have banned the use of certain harmful substances in food-producing animals due to the extreme hazards they pose to human health. While these standards also apply to imported foods that cross our borders, these protections cannot be enforced without adequate inspection and testing.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.00148
VADER
0.892
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52
Gunning-Fog Score
13.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
Ernest Hollings
Unfortunately, not all countries are applying the same rigorous standards that the United States demands for our consumers. In the last few months, one of the banned substances, namely the antibiotic chloramphenicol, was detected in shrimp and other food product imported from several countries to the United States, the European Union and Canada. Shockingly these substances have not been detected by the inspectors for the federal Food and Drug Administration, FDA, the agency responsible for protecting U.S. consumers from adulterated food imports. Rather, these substances were detected in the United States by independent testing done by State authorities in Louisiana.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.3
Gunning-Fog Score
15.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Ernest Hollings
While these products are prohibited by law, FDA testing has never detected such substances in food imports. We were alarmed to discover that FDA currently tests only 1 to 2 percent of all food imports for compliance with food safety standards. This failure to detect such substances may be due not only to inadequate frequency of testing, but also may be attributed to inadequate testing methods employed by the FDA. While the testing protocol used in Europe and Canada can detect such substances to 0.3 parts per billion ppb, FDA until very recently used a technique that only measures up to 3 ppb, and now is using a test that only detects to 1 ppb.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.64663
VADER
-0.643
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.2
Gunning-Fog Score
17.4
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
42
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Ernest Hollings
It is vital that we close this inspection gap at our borders and ensure the safety of our food supply, while not placing unreasonable burdens on the men and women who are tasked with this huge inspection job. This bill would ensure that U.S. consumers are protected from serious health risks associated with harmful substances, while allowing the continued flow of imports that are shown to be free of these harmful substances. It would require FDA to ensure that imports suspected of containing such substances are demonstrated to meet food safety standards. Such demonstration would be made by the importer or exporter, and subject to FDA approval.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.66501
VADER
0.966
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.8
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
Ernest Hollings
Due to the health threats posed by such substances in our food supply, and the national interest of having a uniform inspection and testing standard, federal action is appropriate. This bill provides the safety and security we seek, while not placing unreasonable burdens on our federal food safety inspection system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
0.824
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Ernest Hollings
I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
73.2
Gunning-Fog Score
8.7
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Arlen Specter
Mr. President, I sought recognition to introduce a joint resolution on behalf of Senator Harkin and myself calling upon the Congress to consider, vote on, and enact a joint resolution authorizing the use of force by the U.S. Armed Forces against Iraq before such force is used.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.4
Gunning-Fog Score
9.8
Coleman-Liau Index
11.7
SMOG Index
10.8
Automated Readability Index
6.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Arlen Specter
This resolution takes no position as to whether the use of force should be authorized or it should not be authorized, but goes to the essential authority of the Congress under the Constitution to declare war.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
-0.758
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
Arlen Specter
The President's powers as Commander in Chief are reserved for an emergency where Congress does not have an opportunity to deliberate and decide. It is obvious that concerning the current situation with Iraq, there is ample time for a resolution of the issue by the Congress.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
-0.481
Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.9
Gunning-Fog Score
15.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
4.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Arlen Specter
There have been repeated statements by the administration relating to military action against Saddam Hussein. It is known that Saddam has weapons of mass destruction, such as chemicals which he used against the Kurds, and there exists evidence of biological weapons that he possesses. The best thinking is Saddam does not now have nuclear bombs but is trying to acquire them.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.8473
VADER
-0.392
Somewhat Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.3
Gunning-Fog Score
13.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Arlen Specter
The President of the United States, in his State of the Union speech, identified Iraq, along with Iran and North Korea, as the "axis of evil." Secretary of State Powell in congressional testimony then testified that the United States was not going to go to war against either Iran or North Korea, raising the inference that war against Iraq by negative implication was a distinct possibility.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.95551
VADER
-0.906
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
27.2
Gunning-Fog Score
18.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Arlen Specter
There have been repeated requests for regime change by the administration. In lieu of the limited time, I will not enumerate them, although they are set forth in some detail in my prepared statement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
60.2
Gunning-Fog Score
11.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
9.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Arlen Specter
On February 13, 2002, I spoke on the floor calling for hearings by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and/or the Senate Armed Services Committee, and by letters dated February 14, 2002, and March 12, 2002, wrote to the respective chairmen of those committees. I am glad to note that Senator Biden, chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, has called for a September hearing on the Iraq issue.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.58779
VADER
0.7
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19
Arlen Specter
The power of the Congress on the declaration of war has been eroded very materially, with the President taking unilateral action in Korea, Vietnam, Grenada, Lebanon, Panama, Somalia, and Kosovo. But in a situation where there is ample time for the Congress to deliberate and decide, the Congress should assert its constitutional authority.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
-0.557
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
15.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Arlen Specter
Among the many issues regarding the separation of powers, none is more important than this basic power to declare war and the separate power which the President has as Commander in Chief which sometimes conflict, but not in the situation such as the one at hand where we have time to deliberate and decide.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
0.26
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
20.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Arlen Specter
Earlier this month, I conducted some 19 town meetings across my State of Pennsylvania and found a great deal of citizen concern. People are unaware of the details and would like to know more.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.7
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
65.2
Gunning-Fog Score
10.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11
Arlen Specter
In my February 13, 2002 floor speech, I enumerated a number of issues which are worth repeating. First, hearings would identify with greater precision what Saddam has by way of weapons of mass destruction.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.51083
VADER
-0.44
Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.2
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Arlen Specter
Secondly, we would get into the details as to what Saddam and Iraq have done by way of thwarting the United Nations from conducting inspections. Earlier this year, I met with Secretary General Kofi Annan to get a firsthand briefing and to press the U.N. to do everything it could to get those inspections.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.29928
VADER
0.273
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.1
Gunning-Fog Score
9.1
Coleman-Liau Index
10.5
SMOG Index
11.8
Automated Readability Index
6.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Arlen Specter
Another issue which I think needs to be subjected to analysis and hearings and national debate is what the cost would be of toppling Saddam, including the cost in casualties.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-2.70805
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.2
Gunning-Fog Score
18.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
11
Arlen Specter
Fourth, what will happen after a regime change? What will happen if, as and when Saddam goes?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
88.7
Gunning-Fog Score
3.4
Coleman-Liau Index
9.5
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
2.3
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
Arlen Specter
There is also the critical issue as to what we may expect from Saddam by way of reprisal or by way of anticipatory action. We know that Saddam Hussein is ruthless. We have seen him use chemicals against his own people, the Kurds. We have his statement just yesterday on the 24th anniversary of the July revolution when Saddam came into power. It is a belligerent, bellicose statement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.58779
VADER
-0.318
Somewhat Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57.4
Gunning-Fog Score
10.7
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
10.9
Automated Readability Index
6.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
20
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Arlen Specter
I had an opportunity to meet with Saddam Hussein in January of 1990 at a meeting with Senator Richard Shelby. There is no doubt in my mind, from that contact -- a meeting of about an hour and a quarter -- that we are dealing with someone who has a mindset and a determination, having invaded Kuwait, having acted against the Kurds, that should give us every reason to be concerned about what he may do in light of the administration's repeated statements about a regime change; a concern if there is action by the United States against Iraq that there may be retaliation against Israel or others in the Mideast.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.43532
VADER
0.557
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
21.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
10.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
34
Arlen Specter
Consideration by the Congress also would be very helpful in addressing the concerns which the international community has expressed on the unilateralism of President Bush and President Bush's administration. We have had instances of that: the International Criminal Court, Kyoto, the U.N.-Bosnia peacekeeping force, and others which I have enumerated in greater detail in the written statement which I will include at the conclusion of these remarks.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
0.633
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.8
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Arlen Specter
If there are Members of the Senate and House who come forward and support the President -- people in this body with extensive experience in the field over many years, respected international reputations -- I think that would give credence to a position that the President may wish to take and would allay some of the concerns internationally on unilateralism, and perhaps persuade some of our allies that this is the right course of conduct.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.8
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.84583
VADER
0.818
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Arlen Specter
In considering what to do about Saddam, we have the example fresh in our mind of al-Qaeda and Osama bin Laden. We have learned that 20/20 hindsight always being very good that we should have acted against bin Laden before September 11. We had ample warning and ample cause to do so. Bin Laden was under indictment for killing Americans in Mogadishu in 1993. Bin Laden was under indictment for the East Africa Embassy bombings in 1998. We knew he was involved in the U.S.S. Cole terrorism. He had made pronouncements about a worldwide jihad. The United States and the United Nations made demands on the Taliban to turn over bin Laden, which were refused. So we had a right under international law to proceed against bin Laden.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.06667
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.06667
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.12516
VADER
-0.548
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
67.5
Gunning-Fog Score
6.8
Coleman-Liau Index
9.5
SMOG Index
10.1
Automated Readability Index
4.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
40
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
Arlen Specter
There is obviously great concern about Saddam Hussein or what the future may hold if he goes unchecked. But these are all complicated issues. There ought to be full hearings. The American people ought to be informed. We have learned from the bitter experience of Vietnam what happens when there is military action where the American people are not supportive and the Congress is not supportive.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.152
Leans Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
60.1
Gunning-Fog Score
9.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.9
Automated Readability Index
8.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Arlen Specter
Obviously, in a representative democracy, the matter first comes to the Congress. There is the precedent of President George H.W. Bush in 1991, when the Congress authorized a resolution for the use of force. I know the Presiding Officer remembers it well, as do I. It was a historic debate, and has been so characterized by the media and other commentators. President Bush, in 1990, had originally said he did not need congressional authorization. Then Senator Harkin took the floor on January 3, 1991, during a swearing-in ceremony, and procedurally the course that then followed, without going into great detail now, was that we had the debate on January 10, 11, and 12 and voted 52 to 47 in this body authorizing the use of force to repel Iraq from Kuwait. So that precedent is with us.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.65925
VADER
0.075
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.5
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
9.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Arlen Specter
There is no doubt that Congress is reluctant to step into the breach and to take a position. I urged in 1998 that the Congress authorize the use of force before President Clinton moved in with the missile attacks against Iraq in December of 1998. My written statement goes into detail as to what I have done on this issue going back to 1983, when I conducted a debate with Senator Charles Percy on the question of Korea and Vietnam being a war, and the questioning of Justice Souter in 1990 on whether Korea was a war. There has been a reluctance on the part of Congress to step forward. If we do nothing and it all works out, everything is fine, the Congress is happy. If the President acts unilaterally and is wrong, he gets the blame and we do not get the blame.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.22378
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.52381
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.52381
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
-0.937
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
66.2
Gunning-Fog Score
11.9
Coleman-Liau Index
8.3
SMOG Index
10.6
Automated Readability Index
9.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
Arlen Specter
I believe we have a responsibility to step forward. We have a responsibility institutionally under the Constitution to declare war, and we have a responsibility to acquaint the American people as to what is involved, and I think a responsibility to have this debate, to tell our European allies what our reasons are for what we may do.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
-0.599
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30.1
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Arlen Specter
If there is to be military action against Saddam and Iraq, there is no doubt it would be much stronger with a congressional resolution, which implicitly carries the support of the American people. I think the hearings which I have called for and the debate on the resolution will do a great deal to inform the American people and the people of the world as to what we are up to, and whatever justification it is we have.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.691
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
38.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
9.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Arlen Specter
I understand that my distinguished colleague, Senator Harkin, will be a cosponsor of this resolution.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.1
Gunning-Fog Score
16.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Arlen Specter
Repeated statements from the administration carry the strong suggestion that President Bush intends to take military action to change the regime of Saddam Hussein in Iraq. There are good reasons to be concerned about Saddam Hussein's developing weapons of mass destruction. Iraq's exclusion of UN inspectors raises the inference he has something to hide.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.58779
VADER
-0.511
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.3
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Arlen Specter
On February 13, 2002, in a Senate floor statement, I urged that the Senate Armed Services and/or Senate Foreign Relations Committee hold hearings as much as possible in public with some necessarily in closed sessions, to determine:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.8473
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
25.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Arlen Specter
(1) The specifics on Iraq's weapons of mass destruction; (2) Precisely what happened on the United Nations efforts to conduct inspections in Iraq and Iraq's refusals; (3) What type of a military action would be necessary to topple Saddam, including estimates of U.S. casualties; (4) What is anticipated in a change in regime in Iraq including Saddam's prospective replacement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
-0.586
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.1
Gunning-Fog Score
16.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Arlen Specter
Congressional Record, S730-731, February 13, 2002.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54.7
Gunning-Fog Score
2.8
Coleman-Liau Index
7.7
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
0.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
1.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3
Arlen Specter
On April 4, 2002, I met with United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan urging the UN to press Iraq to submit to wide-open, including surprise inspections, to determine the facts on Iraq's possession and efforts to create weapons of mass destruction. Meetings between UN officials and Iraqi representatives on May 1 and 3, 2002 produced no results. Subsequent meetings between UN officials and Iraqi representatives in early July produced no results.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.78846
VADER
-0.612
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.3
Gunning-Fog Score
15.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Arlen Specter
A ranking U.S. intelligence official advised that wide-open and surprise inspections in Iraq could provide reasonable assurances as to what Iraq has by way of possessing and/or developing weapons of mass destruction.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.9
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
3.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Arlen Specter
Presidents have acted unilaterally in the past half century in initiating military actions in Korea, Vietnam, Grenada, Lebanon, Panama, Somalia and Kosovo. In some of those situations where there was not time for the Congress to deliberate and decide on a declaration of war or an authorization for the use of force, it was appropriate for the President to utilize his authority as Commander-in-Chief in an emergency. There is now ample time for the Congress to hold hearings, deliberate and take whatever action Congress deems appropriate regarding Iraq.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
-0.735
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
21.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Arlen Specter
There is a need for the American public to understand the issues involved in the use of military force against Iraq. There has been some public discussion, but relatively little. Congressional hearings would stimulate a national dialogue on the nation's op-ed pages, radio and television talk shows and in town halls across the country. I am glad to see that Senator Joseph R. Biden, Chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, has announced his committee will hold hearings on Iraq in September.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.747
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.7
Gunning-Fog Score
11.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Arlen Specter
In 19 town meetings, which I conducted across the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania this month, I heard considerable public concern and confusion over the President's intentions as to Iraq. Public support, reflected through the elected members of the House and Senate, is indispensable to successfully carry out an extensive military action. The United States learned a better lesson in Vietnam that a war cannot be successfully fought without public and congressional support.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.74721
VADER
0.787
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
25.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Arlen Specter
Consideration by the Congress on these key issues would provide a basis for international understanding of our position and perhaps even support in some quarters. There is a world view that President Bush too often acts unilaterally on critical international issues such as the International Criminal Court, the UN/Bosnia peacekeeping force, the Kyoto Protocol, ABM Treaty withdrawal, and the Biological Weapons Convention. If congressional consideration was followed by the authorization for the use of force supported by thoughtful and experienced members of the House and Senate, the international community might well be reassured that the U.S. military action was not the decision of just one man, even though he is the President of the United States.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.17007
VADER
0.827
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28
Gunning-Fog Score
15.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
44
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44
Arlen Specter
There is solid precedent for President George W. Bush to request congressional authority for the use of force against Iraq, just as President George H.W. Bush did in January, 1991. On December 21, 1990, and as late as January 9, 1991, President Bush was quoted as saying a congressional authorization was not necessary. See Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, January 14, 1991. Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 24-25. Many Senators, including Claiborne Pell of Rhode Island, Richard Lugar of Indiana, Tom Harkin of Iowa, Edward M. Kennedy of Massachusetts, Joseph R. Biden, Jr. of Delaware, Brock Adams of Washington and I sought to force debate on a resolution that would require congressional authorization for the use of force against Iraq. Congressional Record, S 48, January 4, 1991; Congressional Record, S119-120, January 10, 1991; see also New York Times, October 18, 1990, page A1, "Senators Demand Role in Approving Any Move on Iraq;" Washington Post, January 4, 1991, page A19, "Canceling Recess, Lawmakers Prepare to Debate War Powers." On January 3, 1991, the date that Senators who were elected and re- elected the previous November took the oath of office, Senator Harkin successfully sought Senate debate and a vote on a use-of-force resolution. Senate Majority Leader George Mitchell scheduled Senate floor action for consideration of a resolution for the use of force on January 10, 1991. Following a Senate debate which was characterized as "historical" by the Washington Post, the Senate authorized the use of force against Iraq by a vote of 52 to 47. Congressional Record, S1018- 1019, January 12, 1991. Similarly, the House of Representatives passed such a resolution by a vote of 250 to 183. Congressional Record, H1139- 1140, January 12, 1991.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.8
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.8
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.84583
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.15152
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.15152
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.29627
VADER
-0.361
Somewhat Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.2
Gunning-Fog Score
9.2
Coleman-Liau Index
10.5
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
118
Sprache Difficult Word Count
83
Arlen Specter
With the repeated public commentary on the President's plans to use force against Iraq, there has been public concern about what Saddam Hussein might do in anticipation or retaliation. Saddam is well known for his ruthlessness and his disdain for life by use of chemicals against his own people, the Kurds. Saddam is widely reported to have stockpiles of biological weapons. In a struggle for his own survival, why should we expect Saddam Hussein to refrain from using every weapon at his disposal against an announced attacker? A lengthy article in the New York Times on July 6, 2002 concerning U.S. plans for widespread inoculation for smallpox carried the implicit suggestion of a concern for a bioterrorism attack.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.56495
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.02165
VADER
-0.93
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.1
Gunning-Fog Score
13.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
42
Sprache Difficult Word Count
43
Arlen Specter
Consideration by Congress on a resolution for the use of force against Saddam would not impact on any potential element of surprise because there is no element of surprise left. The news media has been full of notice to Saddam of potential U.S. plans such as: The New York Times February 16, 2002, edition which quoted Vice President Cheney as saying, "The President is determined to press on and stop Iraq . . . from continuing to develop weapons of mass destruction" and intends to use "the means at our disposal -- including military, diplomatic and intelligence to address these concerns"; The Los Angeles Times on May 5, 2002, reported that the defense Intelligence Agency has produced an operational support study on Iraq including maps and data on geography, roads, refineries, communication facilities, security organizations and military deployments; The Washington Post reported on May 24, 2002, General Tommy R. Franks, Commander of the U.S. Central Command, has briefed the President concerning troop levels necessary to invade Iraq and oust Saddam Hussein; The New York Times on July 5, 2002, reported on an American military document calling for air, land and sea based forces to attack Iraq and topple Saddam Hussein; The New York Times on July 9, 2002, quoted President Bush as saying on Iraq: "It's the stated policy of this government to have regime change and it hasn't changed. And we'll use all tools at our disposal to do so." In considering a pre-emptive strike against Iraq, we should consider -- not that it is determinative -- the consequences of not acting against al-Qaeda and Osama bin Laden before September 11, 2001. We had reason in that situation to anticipate a terrorist attack and we had rights under international law to move against bin Laden and al-Qaeda in a pre-emptive strike before September 11, 2001.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.04452
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.21706
VADER
-0.66
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.4
Gunning-Fog Score
16.7
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
118
Sprache Difficult Word Count
103
Arlen Specter
Prior to September 11, Osama bin Laden was under U.S. indictment for killing Americans in Mogadishu in 1993. He was further under U.S. indictment for the attacks against American embassies in 1998. He was known to have been involved in the terrorist attack of the USS Cole. Osama bin Laden had spoken repeatedly and publicly about his intention to carry out a worldwide Jihad against the United States.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-2.56495
VADER
-0.923
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57.8
Gunning-Fog Score
8.1
Coleman-Liau Index
10.8
SMOG Index
10.8
Automated Readability Index
4.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Arlen Specter
When the Taliban in control in Afghanistan refused to turn over bin Laden to the United States after demands by the United States and the United Nations, the United States had rights under international law to use military force against al-Qaeda and bin Laden.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.33647
VADER
0.84
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
16.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Arlen Specter
With congressional hearings as a start, the American people should be informed about Iraq's threat and all our efforts to deal with this threat short of use of military force. We should do our utmost to organize an international coalition against Iraq, which President George Bush did in 1991, specifying as much of the evidence as possible in public congressional hearings in order to create American and worldwide public support for appropriate action. Such public hearings would be supplemented by classified information given to the leaders of the prospective coalition.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
0.103
Leans Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26
Gunning-Fog Score
18.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
Arlen Specter
Article I, Section 8 of the United States Constitution provides that "Congress has the authority to declare war." Article 2 Section 2 of the United States Constitution provides that the President "shall be commander in chief of the army and navy of the United States. . . ." In the past half century, there has been a consistent and considerable erosion of Congress' constitutional authority to declare war with a concomitant expansion of the President's powers as Commander-in-Chief. My concerns about the erosion of congressional authority to declare war first arose in 1951 when I was called to active duty in the United States Air Force after having received in R.O.T.C. commission as a second lieutenant upon graduation from the University of Pennsylvania. I was glad to serve state-side from July 29, 1951 to July 31, 1953 as a special agent in the Office of Special Investigations, noting that President Truman had acted on his authority as Commander-in-Chief to order a "police action" without congressional authorization.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2381
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2381
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.46262
VADER
0.869
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.1
Gunning-Fog Score
12.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
59
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48
Arlen Specter
Early in my Senate career, I participated extensively in floor debate on the War Powers Resolution concerning U.S. military action in Lebanon. On September 27, 1983, I questioned Senator Charles H. Percy, Chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, as to whether Korea and Vietnam were wars. Senator Percy stated that both Korea and Vietnam were wars even though undeclared. Congressional Record, S. 12995, September 27, 1983.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.77778
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.7346
VADER
-0.91
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.6
Gunning-Fog Score
7.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.8
Automated Readability Index
5.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Arlen Specter
In 1983, I prepared a legal document for a declaratory judgment action to take to the Supreme Court of the United States on the issue of the constitutionality of the War Powers Act and seeking a judicial determination of the respective authority of the President as Commander-in-Chief and the Congress to declare war. It was my thought that if the Congress and the President asked the Court to take jurisdiction and decide this issue, the Court might do so although even with such a joint request, the Supreme Court might be unwilling to be involved in the so-called "political thicket". The Reagan Administration was unwilling to join in such a request and congressional leaders were reluctant to do so although no final determination was made since the issue was rendered moot by the Reagan Administration's declination. Understandably, the parties preferred to leave the issue ambiguous with a resolution on a case-by-case basis in the political process without a finite judicial determination.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.38566
VADER
0.923
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
57
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48
Arlen Specter
I pursued my inquiries by questioning Supreme Court nominees as to whether Korea was a war. In confirmation hearings for Justice David Souter on September 14, 1990, I questioned him as to whether Korea was a war, whether the Presidents exceeded their constitutional authority in military action in Korea and Vietnam and whether the War Powers Act was unconstitutional in violating presidential powers as Commander-in- Chief. Justice Souter declined to express an opinion stating, in effect, that there was no law to guide him in answering these questions. See Hearings Before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, 101st Cong., 2nd Sess., on the Nomination of David H. Souter to be Associate of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.71429
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.46634
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.125
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.125
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.23639
VADER
0.178
Leans Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.2
Gunning-Fog Score
11.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
51
Sprache Difficult Word Count
47
Arlen Specter
In the Fall of 1990 and in early January 1991, I joined other senators in successfully taking the position that the President needed congressional authorization for the use of military force against Iraq and the enforcement of UN Security Council Resolution 678. Congressional Record, S. 405-490, January 10, 1991.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.681
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41
Gunning-Fog Score
13.1
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
19
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19
Arlen Specter
I took up this question again on September 13, 1994, taking the position that the President did not have the constitutional authority to order an invasion of Haiti without prior congressional authorization. Congressional Record, S. 12760, September 13, 1994.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.077
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.8
Gunning-Fog Score
12.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Arlen Specter
On June 5, 1995, I introduced S. Res. 128, which stated it was the sense of the Senate that no U.S. military personnel should be introduced into combat or potential combat situations in Bosnia without clearly defined objectives and sufficient resources to achieve those objectives. Congressional Record, S. 7703, June 5, 1995. That resolution noted that there was ample time for Congress to deliberate and decide that matter, stating that such a decision was a matter for the Congress and that there should be no further erosion of that authority by the Executive Branch.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.46667
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.46667
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.93827
VADER
-0.802
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.5
Gunning-Fog Score
11.5
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
11.8
Automated Readability Index
6.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Arlen Specter
On November 1, 1995, noting the military action in Somalia without congressional authority and the military action in Haiti without congressional authority, I urge the President to follow the precedent of the Gulf war and seek congressional approval for incursions into Bosnia since there was ample opportunity for Congress to consider and decide the issue. Congressional Record, S. 31102, November 1, 1995.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.208
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
19.4
Gunning-Fog Score
16.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
Arlen Specter
On September 17, 1996, I spoke on the Senate floor on the use of force with missile strikes against Iraq on September 3, 1996, noting that this was another example where the President did not seek congressional authorization or even consultation in advance of that military action. Congressional Record, S. 10624-10625, September 17, 1996.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.14286
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.25131
VADER
-0.361
Somewhat Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
57.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12.4
Coleman-Liau Index
10.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Arlen Specter
When there was speculation about additional military action against Iraq in early 1998, I spoke on the Senate floor on February 12, 1998, noting that an air attack or a missile attack constituted acts of war which required congressional authority. Congressional Record, S. 791- 792, February 12, 1998. The President then ordered missile strikes against Iraq in December 1998 without seeking congressional authority.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.25
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.45199
VADER
-0.908
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.4
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19
Arlen Specter
On February 23, 1999, during Senate debate on the President's use of force in Kosovo, I noted my concern that air strikes constituted acts of war which required authorization by Congress. Congressional Record, S. 1771-1773, February 23, 1999. I again noted the continuing erosion of constitutional authority and the need for Congress to debate, deliberate and decide these issues when there was ample time to do so. I noted the tendency on the part of Congress to sit back and avoid such tough decisions. If things go wrong, there is always the President to blame. If things go right, we have not impeded Presidential action.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.56495
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.65393
VADER
-0.923
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
61.4
Gunning-Fog Score
10.2
Coleman-Liau Index
11
SMOG Index
11.6
Automated Readability Index
7.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Arlen Specter
On March 23, 1999, the Senate voted 58 to 41 to authorize air strikes in Kosovo after the President's request for such congressional action. Congressional Record, S. 3118, March 23, 1999. I voted in favor of air strikes even though I had concerns about the President's reliance on the "humanitarian catastrophe" which was a departure from recognized U.S. policy to use force where there was a vital U.S. national security interest. The House deadlocked 213 to 213 on the same vote to authorize force. Congressional Record, H. 2451-2452, April 28, 1999.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.07692
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.07692
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.1431
VADER
-0.026
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
72.2
Gunning-Fog Score
9.8
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
10.2
Automated Readability Index
2.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Arlen Specter
On May 24, 1999, I proposed an amendment to S. 1059 -- the Department of Defense Authorization bill -- calling on the President to "seek approval from Congress prior to the introduction of ground troops from the United States Armed Forces in connection with the present operations against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or funding for that operation will not be authorized." Congressional Record, S. 5809- 5811, May 25, 1999.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.751
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12.1
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
4.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Arlen Specter
While supporting air strikes proposed by the President against the former Yugloslavia, I opposed any open-ended authorization, such as S.J. Res. 20, which would have "authorized [the President] to use all necessary force and other means in concert with United States allies to accomplish the United States and North Atlantic Treaty Organization objectives in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbia and Montenegro". I thought the broad wording of that resolution constituted a blank check which was unwise. Instead, the President should seek specific congressional authority after specifying the objectives and the means for accomplishing those objectives.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.57895
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.57895
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.23676
VADER
0.844
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32
Gunning-Fog Score
13.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
39
Arlen Specter
There is an understandable reluctance on the part of Members of the House and Senate to challenge a President, especially a popular President, on his actions as Commander-in-Chief to protect U.S. national interests. The constitutional issues on separation of powers and the respective authority of the Congress vis-a-vis the President are obviously important. Of even greater importance, however, is the value of a united front with the President backed by congressional authorization and American public opinion on an issue where most, if not virtually all, of the international community is in opposition.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.375
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.375
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.7376
VADER
0.957
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.4
Gunning-Fog Score
17.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
36
Arlen Specter
If the Congress sits back and does nothing and the President is right, then there is public approval. If the President turns out to be wrong, then it is his responsibility without blame being attached to the Congress. There is an added element that the President may, and probably does, know more than the Congress. Hearings, in closed session, could address that discrepancy in knowledge.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.36772
VADER
0.105
Leans Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
65.4
Gunning-Fog Score
9.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
9.7
Automated Readability Index
9.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Arlen Specter
The current issue of Iraq is another chapter, albeit a very important chapter, in the ongoing effort to define congressional and Presidential authority on the critical constitutional doctrine of separation of powers. In the present case, there is ample time for Congress to deliberate and decide. With the stakes so high, Congress should assert its constitutional authority to make this critical decision.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.95551
VADER
0.094
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
27.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22