Fact
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Senate Floor: JOHNNY MICHAEL SPANN PATRIOT TRUSTS ACT
Topics
Entities
Moderation
8 Speakers
Topics
No topics found
Entities
No entities found
Moderation
No moderation found
Speakers
John McCain John McCain said 155 sentences of a total of 457 sentences.
34%
John McCain said 4652 words of a total of 10811 words.
44%
Russ Feingold Russ Feingold said 76 sentences of a total of 457 sentences.
17%
Russ Feingold said 1599 words of a total of 10811 words.
15%
Joe Biden Joe Biden said 67 sentences of a total of 457 sentences.
15%
Joe Biden said 1207 words of a total of 10811 words.
12%
Daniel K. Akaka Daniel K. Akaka said 36 sentences of a total of 457 sentences.
8%
Daniel K. Akaka said 858 words of a total of 10811 words.
8%
Richard Lugar Richard Lugar said 35 sentences of a total of 457 sentences.
8%
Richard Lugar said 733 words of a total of 10811 words.
7%
John Warner John Warner said 36 sentences of a total of 457 sentences.
8%
John Warner said 667 words of a total of 10811 words.
7%
Jeff Bingaman Jeff Bingaman said 30 sentences of a total of 457 sentences.
7%
Jeff Bingaman said 646 words of a total of 10811 words.
6%
Patrick Leahy Patrick Leahy said 22 sentences of a total of 457 sentences.
5%
Patrick Leahy said 449 words of a total of 10811 words.
5%
Full Transcript
Patrick Leahy
Mr. President, I am pleased to join Senators Sessions and Nickles in introducing the Johnny Michael Spann Patriot Trusts Act. This legislation will facilitate private charitable giving for the benefit of spouses of servicemen and other Federal employees who are killed in the line of duty while engaged in the fight against international terrorism.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.99853
VADER
0.649
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.3617415437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0524991541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0016143553
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0011176237
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006365169
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001803226
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.95673E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.74826E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
7.17941E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.74206E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.4813E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.9
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Patrick Leahy
Many of us have fought for some time to achieve fair and expeditious compensation for victims of terrorism. In 1996, we passed the Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act, which authorized grants to states to provide assistance and compensation to victims of terrorism. Two years ago, we passed legislation directing the Justice Department to establish a Federal compensation program for victims of international terrorism. And last year, in the wake of the September 11 attacks, we established a special fund to provide compensation to the many families who lost loved ones on that terrible day.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.15789
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.15789
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.30228
VADER
-0.967
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.6685088389
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0626662571
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0265928131
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0056630088
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012655552
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003838103
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002388234
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001085913
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.15283E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.96941E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3121E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.7
Gunning-Fog Score
16.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
36
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Patrick Leahy
I am proud of these legislative accomplishments. We should make every effort to help the innocent civilians whose lives are shattered by terrorist acts. At the same time, we must not forget those who are killed while serving on the front line in the war on terrorism. Under current law, beneficiaries of members of the U.S. Armed Forces get paid $6,000 only in death benefits from the Government, over any insurance that they may have purchased. Moreover, these individuals may not be eligible for payments from any existing victims' compensation program or charitable organization.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.1
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.1
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.19106
VADER
-0.925
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.3814521246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0347000925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0339805469
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.002427224
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0021441696
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.32026E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
3.21361E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.7491E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.6404E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.3924E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.522E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.3
Gunning-Fog Score
13
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
Patrick Leahy
The Johnny Michael Spann Patriot Trusts Act will provide much needed support for the families of those who have made the ultimate sacrifice for their country. The bill encourages the creation of charitable trusts for the benefit of surviving spouses and dependents of military, CIA, FBI, and other Federal Government employees who are killed in operations or activities to curb international terrorism. In addition, the bill authorizes Federal officials to contact qualifying trusts on behalf of surviving spouses and dependents, pursuant to regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Defense. This will help to inform survivors about benefits and to ensure that those who are eligible have the opportunity to access the money. It will also spare grieving widows the embarrassment of having to go to a charity and ask for money. Finally, for the avoidance of doubt, the bill makes clear that federal officeholders and candidates may help raise funds for qualifying trusts without running afoul of Federal campaign finance laws.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.63599
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.57143
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.26025
VADER
0.975
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.3822694533
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0138784002
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0016299922
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000973515
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001784879
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001317387
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
8.92556E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.55272E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.14568E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.6668E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.131E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
63
Sprache Difficult Word Count
65
Patrick Leahy
While we have greatly improved our victims assistance and compensation programs, we still have more to do. I urge my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to join in advancing this legislation through Congress before the end of the year.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.56495
VADER
0.454
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2848705044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0680454192
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0122298836
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.003120807
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007809891
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002413037
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001381783
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000127191
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.75197E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.57332E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.7949E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
62.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
John Warner
Mr. President, I rise today to introduce a bill on behalf of myself and Senator Allen to authorize the President to apply the indemnification authorities now available to the Department of Defense and other agencies for national defense purposes to those agencies engaged in defending our Nation against terrorism. This authority is needed to enable America to access the best private sector solutions to defend our homeland, particularly from those innovative small businesses who do not have the capital to shoulder significant liability risk.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.7
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.7
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.75
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0550396973
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0053200845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0010803292
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0010081909
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008868124
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002644794
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002512682
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001401127
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001337838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.63137E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.01E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
10.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
35
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
John Warner
There is an urgent need for this authority. For example, contractors will not sell chemical and biological detectors already available to DOD to other Federal agencies and state and local authorities because of the liability risk. Some of our Nation's top defense contractors will not sell these products because they are afraid to risk the future of their company on a lawsuit. In the meantime the American people are vulnerable. We should give the President the option that he currently does not have, of deciding whether the Federal Government should facilitate these purchases. This legislation would do precisely that.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.53846
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
-0.572
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.3322402714
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0316515943
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0041419484
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0021663676
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013387187
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006381841
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003709888
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000328458
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001444056
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001166342
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.12492E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.5
Gunning-Fog Score
15.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
John Warner
This liability risk has been a longstanding deterrent to the private sector freely contracting with the Federal Government to meet national security needs. Congress has acted in the past to authorize the indemnification of contracts, particularly in times of war. On December 18, 1941, less than two weeks after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Congress enacted Title II of the First War Powers Act of 1941. By providing authority to the President to indemnify contracts, this legislation and its successor have enabled the private sector to enter into contracts that involve a substantial liability risk. Administrations since Roosevelt's day have used these authorities to indemnify or share the risk with defense contractors. This was required to jump start the "arsenal of democracy" in 1941. It was true in 1958, when the nuclear and missile programs were facilitated by the indemnification of risks associated with the use of nuclear power and highly volatile missile fuels. it is true today for technology solutions required by agencies engaged in the war against terrorism.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.75
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.15385
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.15385
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.29849
VADER
-0.886
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.1650218153
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0009606641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001290812
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
7.95252E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.26327E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.3431E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
7.2843E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.965E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.384E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.308E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.73E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
63
Sprache Difficult Word Count
58
John Warner
This war is going to be different in many ways. For one, much of the Nation's homeland defense activities are going to be conducted by State and local governments. It is thus imperative to ensure that State and local governments can access vital anti-terrorism technologies.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.103
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
1.2582744472
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1468929462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0029496894
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.001109049
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0007448572
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004356369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002014649
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.84081E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.77649E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.86972E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.5427E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.8
Gunning-Fog Score
14.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
John Warner
To facilitate this, this bill would require the establishment of a Federal contracting vehicle to which state and local governments could turn to rapidly buy anti-terrorism solutions from the Federal Government. The President would also be authorized, if he deemed it necessary, to indemnify these purchases.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
0.178
Leans Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0478763453
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0163023724
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0040881245
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0009068082
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005799265
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002554099
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001652611
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001463485
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.70716E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.70023E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.0359E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
17
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
John Warner
I want to emphasize two points. One, that this authority is discretionary. The President, on a case by case basis will decide whether to indemnify contracts. I expect the President will use this authority much like it has been used at the Defense Department, carefully and thoughtfully, and only for those products that the government cannot obtain without the use of the authority.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.84615
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.84615
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.12026
VADER
0.778
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2821044298
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0769770355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0016819044
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008871659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0006667852
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004749324
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0004719498
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003910288
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001017437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.19111E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
7.00636E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.2
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.8
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
John Warner
The second point I want to emphasize is that indemnification not in conflict with any efforts to limit or cap liability. I see these two efforts as complimentary. This legislation should not be seen as an alternative for tort reform, but merely as one tool that can be used by the President to ensure that vitally needed technologies necessary for homeland defense are placed into the hands of those who need them.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.61904
VADER
0.827
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2734982409
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.005796715
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0037559465
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0019341353
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0004374041
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002757499
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001407431
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.14465E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.56835E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.96811E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.2918E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.8
Gunning-Fog Score
15.7
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
John Warner
During World War II and all subsequent wars, conflicts and emergencies in which the U.S. has been involved, we have needed domestic contractors to be innovative, resourceful and ready to support efforts at home and abroad. In 1941, the Congress wanted contractors to know that if they were willing to engage in unusually hazardous activities for the national defense, then the U.S. Government would address the potential liability exposure associated with the conduct of such activities. Our position should be no different now.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.11111
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.21131
VADER
-0.477
Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0558969041
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0179219933
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0079622274
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0067694746
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0027817494
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0027026459
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000113048
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
5.88828E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.943E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.01E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.2E-9
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.2
Gunning-Fog Score
14.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
Joe Biden
Mr. President, last night the President of the United States said something very important about United Nations inspections in Iraq. He said:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.788
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0908378512
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0720522425
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0502495968
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0043519198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0040388801
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000827139
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001469779
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
4.66684E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.00725E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.3523E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.23E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.4
Gunning-Fog Score
8.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.6
Automated Readability Index
7.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
2.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Joe Biden
The President is right on the money about the inspections. This is how to get the information the world needs on Saddam Hussein's weapons of mass destruction programs. But how is the U.N. to do that?
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.765
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.5156444851
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.1937727327
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.1380992355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0102752318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0057457903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0006915373
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002660943
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001045882
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.0179E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.6976E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.53E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
80.4
Gunning-Fog Score
6.2
Coleman-Liau Index
9.3
SMOG Index
7.7
Automated Readability Index
2.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.8
Sprache Readability Score
2.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Joe Biden
Where will those weapons scientists and their families go, once they've told the truth about Saddam's weapons programs? They can't go home again. And at least in the short run, there will be no safe haven in the region for the people who reveal Saddam's most terrible secrets.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.732
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.2412274014
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0125840859
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0098946824
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0093301045
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.009132742
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0089433815
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0033417564
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002920395
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.000274061
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001485338
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.778E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
76
Gunning-Fog Score
8.1
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
7.9
Automated Readability Index
8.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
Joe Biden
So where will those scientists go? Maybe some can go to Europe, although both al Qaeda cells and Saddam's agents have operated there. Maybe some can go to Canada, or to South America.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0553496182
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0166548562
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0163928431
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.010640765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0026456964
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0015163092
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.001223231
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0011199678
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0004712481
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001031564
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.73698E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
70.1
Gunning-Fog Score
5.6
Coleman-Liau Index
10.1
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Joe Biden
But if the United States wants the world to show resolve in dealing with Saddam Hussein, then we should show the way by taking the lead in admitting those Iraqis who have the courage to betray Saddam's nuclear, chemical and biological weapons programs.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.45199
VADER
0.128
Leans Positive
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.4123126157
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.3384598531
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0789941289
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0111929832
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0028640994
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0017508333
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013654465
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0013356099
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.001065248
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003010427
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002527115
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
33.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Joe Biden
We have a large country in which to absorb those people, and, for all our problems, we have the best law enforcement and security apparatus to guard them.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.599
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1213403535
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0170973013
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.009483836
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0092345283
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0061495528
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0031661082
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.002526842
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001498406
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.91007E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.073E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.18E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54.5
Gunning-Fog Score
15.5
Coleman-Liau Index
10.1
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
Joe Biden
What we do not have is an immigration system that readily admits large numbers of persons who have a recent involvement with weapons of mass destruction, have recently aided a country in the so-called "axis of evil," and are bringing their families.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.33647
VADER
-0.869
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.2242642688
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0546380354
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0238869892
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0171215434
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0141958793
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0039863651
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012014242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.42039E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.88333E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.2902E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.6263E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Joe Biden
I am introducing today, therefore, legislation to admit to our country those Iraqi scientists, engineers and technicians, and their families, who give reliable information on Saddam's programs to us, to the United Nations, or to the International Atomic Energy Agency.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.691
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
19.4782942533
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.7019944023
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.2945431508
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.173152471
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0336947647
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0035022349
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002153812
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
3.47085E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.81222E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.66084E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.7423E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Joe Biden
My esteemed colleague on the Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter of Pennsylvania, joins me in introducing this legislation, and I am very pleased to have his support. This bill is not political. Rather, it is a bipartisan effort to help the President succeed in forcing Iraq to destroy all its weapons of mass destruction capabilities.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.99853
VADER
0.552
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
1.0215459391
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.1964157447
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0871652563
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0245664909
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0200745795
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0007026209
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002477282
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002189395
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001174981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001075676
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
7.0229E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
35
Gunning-Fog Score
11.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
4.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Joe Biden
I urge my colleagues to support this legislation. Why? Because those Iraqis will deserve our protection. And equally important, because they will not come forward unless we offer that protection.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.04452
VADER
0.542
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2207989804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0308486255
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0087033484
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0062697523
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.000724299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001872527
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.76602E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
4.28783E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.6037E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
6.8092E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.4529E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.8
Gunning-Fog Score
11
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.8
Automated Readability Index
7.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
Joe Biden
Charles Duelfer, former Deputy Executive Director of UNSCOM, the original U.N. inspection force in Iraq, recently wrote an article entitled, "The Inevitable Failure of Inspections in Iraq." He made the following recommendations: First, inspectors should be mandated to interview the few hundred key scientists, engineers, and technicians who were involved in the previous weapons of mass destruction efforts and have them account for their activities since December 1998. The U.N. knows who these individuals are. If, as is suspected, Iraq has been continuing to develop weapons of mass destruction, some or most of these people will have been involved.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.56495
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.23077
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.23077
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.43532
VADER
-0.933
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.1121517154
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0146818827
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.005625005
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.005187434
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0039809398
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0028052671
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002570297
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001725474
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.81837E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.05846E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.497E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.1
Gunning-Fog Score
13
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
Joe Biden
Second, the conditions for such interviews must be changed. Iraqi government observers must not be present. the previous UNSCOM agreement to the presence of such "minders" was a mistake. The fact that junior workers would shake with fear at the prospect of answering a question in a way inconsistent with government direction made this obvious.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
-0.226
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0912794145
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0426690211
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0093924762
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0026974369
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008156726
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0003420635
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002371367
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.40217E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.75668E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.924E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.881E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.9
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.7
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19
Joe Biden
Third, and most important, the U.N. should offer sanctuary or safe haven to those who find it a condition for speaking the truth. The people are key to these programs. Access to the people under conditions where they could speak freely was not something UNSCOM ever achieved except in the rare instances of defection.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.776
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0148380772
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0146951628
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0066681605
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0014287467
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001544052
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001102547
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.74232E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.72863E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.91968E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.99014E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.04424E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
68
Gunning-Fog Score
9.5
Coleman-Liau Index
11.7
SMOG Index
10
Automated Readability Index
6.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.3
Sprache Readability Score
3.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Joe Biden
Mr. Duelfer concludes: I often summarized this problem to Washington by suggesting that, if UNSCOM had 100 green cards to distribute during inspections, it could have quickly accounted for the weapons programs.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.44
Negative
Moderation
Violence
1.0317084379
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.1174507779
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0140045828
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0110556335
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0035988778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0030380766
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0010061824
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003506488
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002772442
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002051486
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.69553E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Joe Biden
Other experts, including Dr. Khidir Hamza, a former Iraqi nuclear weapons scientist who testified before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on July 27, have pointed out that by enticing scientists and engineers away from Iraq, we will also deprive Saddam Hussein of the very people he needs to produce those weapons of mass destruction and long-range missiles.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.29928
VADER
-0.912
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.2903436311
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0567760901
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.026926701
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0104832579
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0074727635
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0054278542
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0032922024
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005509592
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.44784E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.46814E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.31016E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.5
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Joe Biden
If we do, in the end, have to go to war against Saddam, then the fewer weapons scientists he has, the better.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.599
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment
0.0460150361
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0292990735
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0156888826
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0064267246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0008881249
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004817255
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002318039
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001151803
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001146954
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.37983E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.7802E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
76.8
Gunning-Fog Score
8.8
Coleman-Liau Index
6.4
SMOG Index
3.3
Automated Readability Index
7.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.2
Sprache Readability Score
3.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4
Joe Biden
Current law includes several means of either paroling non-immigrants into the United States or admitting people for permanent residence, notwithstanding their normal inadmissibility under the law.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0906938105
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0230086662
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.015091784
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0027781254
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0003469569
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002319775
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001874657
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0001402493
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.07201E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.3334E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.1E-8
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Joe Biden
These are very limited provisions, however, and they will not suffice to accommodate hundreds of Iraqi scientists and their families.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
-0.288
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0055908913
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0019098548
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0016615921
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008181079
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002926691
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.000177675
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.55102E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
6.95833E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.73753E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.38788E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.0504E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
30
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Joe Biden
The legislation that I am introducing, the "Iraqi Scientists Liberation Act of 2002," will permit the Secretary of State and the Attorney General, acting jointly and on a case-by-case basis, to admit a foreigner and his family for permanent residence if such person: is a scientist, engineer, or technician who has worked in an Iraqi program to produce weapons of mass destruction or the means to deliver them, during the years since the inspectors left and Saddam began rebuilding those programs; is willing to supply or has supplied reliable information on that program to UNMOVIC, to the IAEA, or to an agency of the United State Government; and will be or has been placed in danger as a result of providing such information.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.38462
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.74721
VADER
-0.751
Very Negative
Moderation
Harassment > Threatening
0.0281082175
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0181562413
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0045057353
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006584188
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.000292838
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0002530274
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001434258
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.94767E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.1514E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.9726E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.11E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
41
Sprache Difficult Word Count
42
Joe Biden
The Attorney General will be empowered to set the rules and regulations governing implementation of this law, in consultation with the Secretary of State and other relevant officials.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
1.0063074529
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.1207326073
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0139635944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0119301294
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0016016778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0012252391
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.00021815
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
7.6473E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.36568E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.3748E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.711E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
15.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Joe Biden
Finally, this legislation will be limited to the admission of 500 scientists, plus their families, over 3 years. If it works and we need to enlarge the program, we can do so.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.60944
VADER
-0.226
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0181970929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0180035728
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0017296721
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0001527384
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0001333445
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
9.10765E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.4308E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.12775E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.8606E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
4.5154E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.2567E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
66.3
Gunning-Fog Score
12.7
Coleman-Liau Index
8.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.2
Sprache Readability Score
3.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Joe Biden
The important thing for now is to give our country the initial authority, and to give United Nations inspectors the ability to call on us when one of Saddam's nuclear, chemical or biological weapons experts is willing to help the world to bring those programs down.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.83321
VADER
0.718
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0413694332
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0245433126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0031710366
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0029068773
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0016190204
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003296014
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002957537
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.59381E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.85637E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
2.89493E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.4244E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
24
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
11.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Joe Biden
It is hard to predict what we will achieve by opening our doors. Iraq will surely object to giving UNMOVIC the inspection and interview powers that the President proposes. But if UNMOVIC does get into Iraq under a stronger Security Council resolution in the coming weeks, then having this law on the books could help to undermine Saddam Hussein's weapons of mass destruction programs.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.43532
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0858525804
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0160560201
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0046036825
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0030944848
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0013155255
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004154907
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003778339
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
8.6977E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.91435E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.5033E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.906E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.4
Gunning-Fog Score
12.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Joe Biden
Even if inspectors never get in, a public offer of asylum for Iraq's scientists could lead some to defect, as Dr. Hamza did.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.34
Somewhat Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0217355133
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0106766136
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0024404466
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0020292853
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006915696
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0005966884
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000190981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.40852E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.0079E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.5909E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.3799E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
66.4
Gunning-Fog Score
8.1
Coleman-Liau Index
9
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
4.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
2.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Joe Biden
Last night the President called for inspections that protect the lives of those who are interviewed and their families.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.382
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0926929642
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0212348692
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0140062533
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0125698018
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0116336036
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0024714749
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002689558
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.01393E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.20545E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.9023E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.4909E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.4
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.3
Sprache Readability Score
3.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5
Joe Biden
We owe it to the President to do all we can to make that possible.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Harassment
0.0461898337
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0254843064
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0211608552
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0020470565
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0020115303
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0016793463
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0008473477
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005801865
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002529078
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001404017
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.8163E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
84.5
Gunning-Fog Score
8.7
Coleman-Liau Index
4.2
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
2.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
1.8
Sprache Readability Score
2.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
1
Sprache Difficult Word Count
3
Joe Biden
We owe it to the United Nations inspectors to give them every chance to succeed.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.791
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2407689346
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0132659363
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0096431053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0042883763
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0041175394
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.002199536
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012830875
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005232796
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004374992
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
6.49255E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.827E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
56.3
Gunning-Fog Score
11.3
Coleman-Liau Index
9.7
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
2.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5
Joe Biden
We owe to it Iraq's people and its neighbors to do everything we can to dismantle its weapons of mass destruction programs.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-1.09861
VADER
-0.765
Very Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.007218933
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0031027881
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0016460945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0011422497
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0008977279
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0003411998
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002492545
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000225842
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001628605
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001628184
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
2.62993E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.9
Gunning-Fog Score
14.3
Coleman-Liau Index
11
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.7
Sprache Readability Score
3.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Joe Biden
And we owe it to our own people to do all we can to achieve that end peacefully, and with international support.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.727
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0110633533
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0070425041
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0053132604
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0040116032
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0006335711
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0006138201
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0004565291
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003211444
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.25919E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.10425E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
1.9005E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
61.5
Gunning-Fog Score
12.4
Coleman-Liau Index
8
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
8.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5
Joe Biden
This bill is a small step toward those ends, but it is a vital one. I urge my colleagues to give it their immediate attention and their considered support.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.747
Very Positive
Moderation
Sexual
0.017259641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0084301289
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0077476318
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0063473744
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0001138541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.000103189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.1271E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.0125E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
5.9703E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
5.7215E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.1184E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
69.6
Gunning-Fog Score
11.3
Coleman-Liau Index
9.4
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4
Sprache Readability Score
3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Joe Biden
I ask unanimous consent that the full text of my bill appear following my remarks in the Congressional Record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1169574913
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0478215457
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0261216715
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0146110498
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0145847691
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0123589227
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0069611197
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005599819
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0004573998
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0002316618
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.74296E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.1
Gunning-Fog Score
11.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.1
Sprache Readability Score
3.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
8
Richard Lugar
Mr. President, I rise today to introduce the Teaching Fellows Act of 2002.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.3630820196
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.3504241118
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0174703833
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0073539362
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0028692799
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0015008022
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.001385829
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0005159305
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002008332
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001787171
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001148957
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
83.1
Gunning-Fog Score
5.7
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
1.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
5
Richard Lugar
This year Congress passed, and the President signed into law the No Child Left Behind Act. This new law represents the most sweeping changes to the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, ESEA, since it was enacted in 1965. The Act underscores the importance of a good education; it stresses the use of research-based teaching programs, increases funds available to public schools, broadens local flexibility, and enhances accountability.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.382
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.111239322
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0451157917
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0036779184
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0035847519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0021744625
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0010240244
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0010086515
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006142042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001135046
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001096826
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.36202E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37
Gunning-Fog Score
14.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
28
Richard Lugar
In focusing on these principles, we aim to change the way our schools do business. This is important. While some schools are doing well, many are not. It is important that our low performing schools are given the assistance they need to improve, along with the knowledge that they will be held accountable for turning themselves around and narrowing the existing achievement gaps.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
0.537
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0296003127
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0259524444
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0067187641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0060790258
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0029294661
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0008052416
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006044432
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
6.75348E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
1.27999E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.2176E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.695E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
66
Gunning-Fog Score
12.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.3
Sprache Readability Score
4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Richard Lugar
I have long championed the greater use of research-based programs in troubled schools, specifically Comprehensive School Reform. Good reform programs are a bargain for our schools and our children when we compare their costs to that of retention, special education and illiteracy.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.735
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.0343551917
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0290062366
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0177464011
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0049910483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001889269
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.001168121
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000220482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001928207
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001507439
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
3.16748E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
8.0717E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.4
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
15
Richard Lugar
However, I also realize that the best research-based programs cannot be successfully implemented without a sufficient number of teachers in the classroom. Statistics vary, but it is estimated that 1 million of the Nation's 3 million teachers will retire in the next 5 years. Schools will need to hire over 2 million new teachers in the next decade.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.33647
VADER
0.304
Somewhat Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.1485560322
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.020708541
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.015571501
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.007330082
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0065472625
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0020995607
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009458365
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002112665
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0002068036
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.29894E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
4.31488E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
52.1
Gunning-Fog Score
14
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.5
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Richard Lugar
To help address this problem, my colleague Senator Bingaman and I are introducing today the Teaching Fellows Act, legislation that aims to encourage the best and brightest to enter teaching.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
0.935
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0564704882
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0492885418
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0095969903
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.006177566
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0058277368
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0009932678
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0004762059
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002626483
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.73875E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.26508E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.257E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
Richard Lugar
The problem of teacher shortages is complex, and the problems States are experiencing in recruitment and retention vary. The bill we introduce today encourages states to structure their scholarship program so that it addresses the individual needs of the State, and utilizes the best resources they have to offer.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0.273
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0879473402
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0434653455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0220140733
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.015298248
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0125541585
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0034245328
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0012239999
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005609853
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0002725064
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001985991
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001448253
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
36.9
Gunning-Fog Score
18
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Richard Lugar
Similar to the National Health Service Corps, selected students would receive at least $6,500 per year toward college expenses, and in return, would incur an obligation to serve in an under-served area. In this case, we require new teachers to teach five years in a low performing public school.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.11111
Leans Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.20067
VADER
-0.273
Slightly Negative
Moderation
Violence
0.0426222919
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0197310088
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.019495195
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.002001698
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0008489273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003346582
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0002426028
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001119532
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
2.73204E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.18256E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.4273E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.3
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19
Richard Lugar
The Teaching Fellows Act would set up a competitive process whereby states could apply for matching, 75-25 percent, Federal grants to establish or expand scholarship programs for prospective teachers. The proposal is based on one of the most successful teaching scholarship programs in the Nation -- that of State of North Carolina. There are two main prongs to this act. The first is the teaching fellowship program, this program would distribute grants to states for teaching scholarships that students could apply for after their senior year of high school or their second year of college. The bill also authorizes a "partnership program," aimed at community college students, particularly those who are currently trained or training as teaching assistants. With encouragement, the hope is that these individuals might go on to obtain four-year degrees to become licensed teachers. Grants would be available to states for partnership programs between community colleges and four-year colleges to provide for the training.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.88889
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.88889
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.45674
VADER
0.947
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.1062641386
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0867203926
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0491109851
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0257578999
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0021143349
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001583246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
8.25773E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
7.77555E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.27962E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.17562E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.895E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46
Gunning-Fog Score
15.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
59
Sprache Difficult Word Count
46
Richard Lugar
Other approaches such as loan forgiveness programs and offering federal stipends are important tools in our quest to recruit teachers. However, the strength of the Teacher Fellowship Act is the focus that we place on the enrichment of these students. Qualifying States will have developed programs that have designed a strong extra-curricular program that serves as a support system for new teachers.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.902
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0465186284
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0071604707
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0020195243
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0010642651
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0005038632
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0001226945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.49773E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
8.32884E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.54623E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
3.4175E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.5655E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
51.2
Gunning-Fog Score
14.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Richard Lugar
It is estimated that up to 22 percent of new teaches leave within 3 years -- this figure is as high as 55 percent in urban or rural areas. Not only must we recruit more teachers, but we must encourage a more comprehensive and supportive system of training.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.888
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.3150788834
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0828313117
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0671902206
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0600856438
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0414204929
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0033732849
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0025269119
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0008922882
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0005213817
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001463925
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.000117799
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
64.2
Gunning-Fog Score
12.8
Coleman-Liau Index
9.1
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
10.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Richard Lugar
Our bill is not a panacea to the problems of teacher recruitment and retention. However, I believe it is a step in the right direction. I hope that we will give more states and communities the incentive to work with their institutions of higher education to more comprehensively address the education of one our Nation's most important resources -- that of teachers.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.77778
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.581
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.1808499102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0886840688
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0547918316
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.013894953
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0018351782
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.001686551
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0008979736
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002370053
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001415845
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.28213E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.25295E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.5
Gunning-Fog Score
16.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.6
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
Richard Lugar
The successful education of our nation's children requires that we work together at the Federal, State, and local levels to ensure that no child is left behind.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.637
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0248795433
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0110413479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0109154644
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0025442225
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0012222175
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0007844594
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0004112807
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
6.53378E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
6.25704E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.41874E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.714E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.7
Gunning-Fog Score
15.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
7
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Jeff Bingaman
Mr. President, I rise today to join my esteemed colleague, Senator Lugar, in the introduction of the Teaching Fellows Act of 2002.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.625
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0538282853
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0225691168
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.00361985
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0009747822
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0006310974
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0001669663
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
3.59273E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
2.24365E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
5.2454E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.9729E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
7.025E-7
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
68.8
Gunning-Fog Score
6.2
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
9
Automated Readability Index
5.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Jeff Bingaman
Earlier this year, the No Child Left Behind Act was signed into law. I was proud to be a member of the Conference Committee that ultimately wrote this important piece of legislation. This legislation includes important reform efforts and increased resources for schools that will go a long way toward addressing many of the needs in our education system. I will continue to fight for increased appropriations for the programs contained in this bipartisan legislation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.99853
VADER
0.511
Very Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.2216265304
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.1283945981
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0472268206
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0062762607
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0050061448
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.003494765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0003077215
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001572508
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.12385E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
2.36581E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.05991E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.3
Gunning-Fog Score
15
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Jeff Bingaman
As we begin to consider reauthorization of the Higher Education Act, we must continue to seek avenues for supporting our Nation's schools. Providing additional support for the training of new, high quality teachers is an important way to do that. Ultimately, improving the quality of education in our nation will require a comprehensive approach that includes raising standards and increasing school accountability. However, central to any effort to improve education are teachers. Being the son of two former teachers, I am well acquainted with the challenges and the rewards that being a good teacher brings. Being a parent and a community member, I also know how influential teachers can be in the lives of our children. Teachers not only pass along knowledge and act as role models, but research shows that teacher quality is critical to student achievement.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.72414
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.72414
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
0.85
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.2545520198
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.2398225944
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0796399778
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0117431759
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0061114479
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0023642071
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.001591308
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003992433
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
7.53674E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.12068E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
9.9325E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.7
Gunning-Fog Score
15.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
42
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44
Jeff Bingaman
Over the years, I have had the opportunity to meet with many of our dedicated and hard-working teachers in New Mexico. These personal experiences have strengthened my belief that we need to do all that we can to encourage the best and the brightest to enter and to remain in this most important profession.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.964
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.10844887
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0211860504
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0189706741
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0015318157
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0015000895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.001477377
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004073488
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001848982
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.5946E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.838E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
4.5928E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
48.2
Gunning-Fog Score
16.1
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
11
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
Jeff Bingaman
It is estimated that nearly a third of our Nation's teachers will retire over the next five years. In addition, large numbers of new teachers leave their jobs within a few years, particularly in rural and urban areas. These patterns could seriously jeopardize the quality of our children's education unless we take some steps to insure that there are enough trained people available to fill these positions. We must also do what we can to support the preparation and training of these individuals.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.43508
VADER
0.202
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Harassment
0.3018065821
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0369807589
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0275991042
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0090023437
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0052335348
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0026129945
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0017316806
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0013063516
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
9.60166E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.3771E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
3.0679E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Jeff Bingaman
The Teaching Fellows Act would create two programs designed to encourage people to enter and to remain in the profession of teaching. First, the program would distribute grants to states for teaching scholarships. In return for at least $6,500 per year toward college expenses, students would agree to teach in a low-performing school for five years. This program would thus not only help teachers to prepare for their profession but it would also insure that students in our poorest and most challenged schools have access to well-trained teachers.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
-0.476
Negative
Moderation
Violence
2.5406301022
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
2.2817537189
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.1331755659
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0605445821
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0482379604
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0233585059
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0105691179
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0053478219
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0036277641
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006958493
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0003347744
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
62
Gunning-Fog Score
12.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.8
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
25
Sprache Difficult Word Count
23
Jeff Bingaman
Second, the bill would provide grants for individuals currently working in our schools as instructional assistants or in other capacities to obtain four-year degrees to become licensed teachers. Grants would be available to States for partnership programs between community colleges and four-year colleges to provide for this training. These programs require that states come up with 25 percent of the funding and students will be required to stay in the state to teach for five years.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.04452
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0249806093
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0057221689
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0044664332
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0019111667
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0004213259
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0002840246
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.000278808
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0001030878
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.63098E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.10652E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
5.9695E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
47
Gunning-Fog Score
15.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Jeff Bingaman
In conclusion, I would like to say that I am very excited about co- sponsoring a bill that seeks to recruit new teachers and to enrich their training experiences. Although this bill is only part of a larger effort to provide all American students with a quality education, it is an important component. Having well-qualified teachers available to teach, especially in the most impoverished districts, is something that we owe to our children and ourselves. We, as parents and as legislators, must do what we can to see that America's teachers are recognized and supported as a crucial component in our children's education.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.3673
VADER
0.806
Very Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.043353287
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0129700435
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.004641735
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0033988399
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0027628805
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0024193734
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0009650856
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
8.2378E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.39954E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.32275E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.18881E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
37.3
Gunning-Fog Score
17.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
John McCain
Mr. President, today I am introducing a resolution to disapprove the Federal Election Commission's final regulations to implement the title I soft money provisions of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, under the procedures established by the Congressional Review Act. The Commission's regulations, titled "Prohibited and Excessive Contributions: Non-Federal Funds or Soft Money; Final Rule," were published in the Federal Register on July 29, 2002, 67 FR 49064.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
John McCain
I wish I did not have to introduce this resolution. When President Bush signed the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 into law on March 27, 2002, the soft money campaign finance system should have met its demise. This system of unlimited soft money contributions to national political parties, unlimited soft money fundraising by national parties and Federal candidates and officeholders, and unlimited laundering of soft money into Federal elections by State parties had bred public cynicism about the workings of our institutions of government. At a minimum, the actions of Congress and the executive branch were severely tainted by the specter of six-figure soft money donations by special interests with a stake in legislation and policies pending before the Federal Government.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.17007
VADER
0.832
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
22.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
45
Sprache Difficult Word Count
42
John McCain
Banning soft money wasn't an easy legislative or political endeavor. Powerful forces lined up to preserve a status quo that served them well. But after a 7-year fight on Capitol Hill over campaign finance reform, Congress concluded that it could no longer abide the corruption and appearances of corruption caused by soft money. It sought fundamental change and a restoration of public confidence in our democracy by at last enacting the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.58779
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.43532
VADER
0.43
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.7
Gunning-Fog Score
14.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
John McCain
Unfortunately, four unelected members of the Federal Election Commission thought they knew better. In writing rules to implement the party and candidate soft money provisions of the new campaign finance law, these Commissioners proceeded to resurrect aspects of the soft money system that Congress had just banished. This exercise entailed gyrations of logic and rationalizations that flew squarely in the face of statutory language, legislative intent, and even interpretations of the law urged by the Commission's own general counsel and professional staff. At times during the soft money rulemaking process, this bloc of four Commissioners appeared willfully blind to the language and purpose of the statute, as well as the Commission's own interpretive practices and precedents. Their actions were so brazen that one of the two Commissioners who voted to implement the law faithfully to Congress's intent told them, "You have so tortured this law, it's beyond silly." The result was the adoption of agency regulations that undermine the three fundamental components of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act: the prohibition on national parties' soliciting, directing, receiving, or spending soft money; the prohibition on Federal candidates' and officeholders' soliciting, directing, receiving or spending soft money; and the prohibition on State parties' spending unregulated soft money donations on activities affecting Federal elections. The loopholes created out of whole cloth by the Federal Election Commission operate separately and in combination to permit the continuation of elements of the soft money system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.06635
VADER
0.866
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
8.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
100
Sprache Difficult Word Count
85
John McCain
While I will not today discuss each and every soft money regulation that contradicts the statute and legislative intent, I will list some examples of how four Commissioners substituted their own personal views for the will of Congress -- and left in their wake a campaign finance system too similar to the one we in this body set out to eliminate.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.33647
VADER
-0.34
Somewhat Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
10.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19
John McCain
The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act states that national parties and Federal candidates or officeholders may not "solicit" or "direct" soft money. These prohibitions on soliciting and directing soft money are critical to the integrity of our political system. The specter of national parties soliciting six-figure donations from special interests with a stake in legislation or policies pending before the executive or legislative branches has tainted the decisions ultimately made on these matters in Washington. Likewise, the soft money fundraising activities of Federal officeholders have led the public to suspect that those who serve in Congress or the White House are paying special heed to the will of the wealthy few.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.5
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.25
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.47957
VADER
0.91
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
42
Sprache Difficult Word Count
41
John McCain
The new campaign finance law's prohibitions on soliciting and directing soft money are aimed precisely at this problem. As Senator Carl Levin, D-MI, said on the Senate floor on March 20, 2002, during debate on the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.58779
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
54
Gunning-Fog Score
12.1
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
16
John McCain
The Federal Election Commission decided nonetheless to allow national parties and Federal officeholders to remain in the "soft money fundraising business" -- by adopting definitions of the terms "to solicit" and "to direct" that invite widespread circumvention of the law.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.637
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19
John McCain
To achieve this result, the Commissioners had to overrule the agency's own general counsel and professional staff. The draft final rules recommended to the Commissioners by the general counsel and professional staff appropriately defined "to solicit" as "to request or suggest or recommend that another person make a contribution, donation, or transfer of funds" -- thus, a national party could not request, suggest or recommend that an individual or entity donate soft money. This definition was consistent with the Commission's longstanding practice and understanding concerning what constitutes a solicitation. As the Commission's associate general counsel explained to the Commissioners during the soft money rulemaking proceedings:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.91304
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.91304
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0.818
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
6.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
49
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
John McCain
Putting aside the associate general counsel's explanation that the meaning of "to solicit" is "pretty clear and pretty well-settled" in the law, four Commissioners apparently decided that a dramatic change in course was somehow warranted with respect to implementing soft money solicitation restrictions. A lame-duck, holdover Commissioner proposed an amendment during the rulemaking proceedings that narrowed the definition of "to solicit" from "to request or suggest or recommend" to "to ask." In explaining this amendment, that Commissioner repeatedly made it clear that he intended to narrow considerably the scope of the definition of "to solicit" contained in the general counsel's draft, to eliminate the concepts of to "suggest or recommend." The Commission's general counsel expressed strong reservations about this amendment to narrow the definition of "to solicit," stating the following:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.72727
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.72727
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.71765
VADER
0.968
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
51
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48
John McCain
The Commission compounded the problem by essentially reading the prohibition on "directing" soft money out of the statute. The new campaign finance law makes it illegal for national parties and Federal officeholders or candidates not only to "solicit" soft money but also to "direct" soft money. The clear implication is that those terms are not redundant. Specifically, "to direct" covers instances in which a national party or Federal candidate suggests to whom an already willing contributor should make a soft money donation, as opposed to initiating the idea of the contribution, which amounts to a "solicitation".
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.80235
VADER
0.686
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.9
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
29
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
John McCain
The general counsel's draft properly assigned distinct meaning to the term, "to direct." It defined "to direct" as, "to provide the name of a candidate, political committee or organization to a person who has expressed an interest in making a contribution, donation, or transfers of funds to those who support the beliefs of goals of the contributor or donor . . ." However, the same amendment that substantially narrowed the definition of "to solicit" redefined "to direct" to mean, "to ask a person who has expressed an intent to make a contribution, donation, or transfer of funds, or to provide anything of value, to make that contribution, donation, or transfer of funds, or to provide that thing of value." In other words, the Commission ultimately defined "to direct" to mean nothing different from "to solicit." This will allow national parties and Federal officeholders to tell a willing donor where they should send their soft money -- in violation of the plain language of the statute.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.33333
Somewhat Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.87097
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.87097
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.4681
VADER
0.872
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
50
Sprache Difficult Word Count
48
John McCain
The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act bans the receipt, solicitation, direction, or spending of soft money not only by national party committees but also by any entities "directly or indirectly established, financed, maintained or controlled" by those party committees. This prohibits national party committees from spawning and in other respects significantly supporting "shadow entities" designed to carry on the raising and spending of soft money once those party committees can no longer accept soft money contributions themselves.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.45455
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8873
VADER
0.963
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
3.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
32
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
John McCain
The soft money ban enacted by Congress will achieve its full effect only if the Federal Election Commission applies it to all entities in fact "directly or indirectly established, financed, maintained or controlled" by national party committees. If the Commission instead willfully blinds itself to relevant information concerning a national party's involvement with a given organization, the soft money ban could fall short of the coverage spelled out in the statute. Under that scenario, shadow entities set up by national parties could carry on the raising and spending of soft money under the false guise of "independence" from the parties -- including spending soft money on television and radio sham "issue ads." Unfortunately, four Commissioners opted for willful blindness rather than a complete and accurate analysis of whether an entity was in fact "directly or indirectly established, financed, maintained or controlled" by a national party. The explanation and justification accompanying the draft rules prepared by the Commission's general counsel noted that "certain actions that occur before the effective date of BCRA have as much of an impact on whether an entity is `established, financed, maintained or controlled' by a sponsor as actions that occur immediately after BCRA's effective date." Accordingly, the draft rules proposed by the General counsel indicated that the Commission should review conduct occurring before the law's effective date of November 6, in addition to conduct occurring after that date, in determining whether a national party had established, financed, maintained or controlled an organization. Indeed, there is absolutely no basis in the statute for concluding that the Commission should review anything less than all of a party's conduct involving an organization in undertaking this analysis.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.09091
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.09091
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.16705
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.54545
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.54545
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.18958
VADER
0.914
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
7.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
120
Sprache Difficult Word Count
89
John McCain
A Commissioner nonetheless offered an amendment containing an invented "grandfather clause." Under this amendment, a national party could set up a shadow entity before November 6 to raise and spend soft money after that date -- and yet the Commission would have to ignore that fact and any other pre-November 6 conduct in analyzing whether the shadow entity was "established" by a national party. The parties could provide considerable support to these shadow entities prior to November 6 and indeed hold them out to donors as future soft money surrogates for the parties. The Commission's general counsel strongly objected to this bizarre idea, saying, ". . . [I]t is hard to see how Congress imagined that an entity that . . . . was established a couple of days before the effective date of BCRA, is any less established . . . on November 10th, November 15th or December 1st." Still, the Commission adopted the amendment by a vote of four to two.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.04597
VADER
0.93
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
41.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
54
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44
John McCain
By adopting a "grandfather clause" invented out of whole cloth, the Commission invited schemes by the national parties to evade the new law by setting up surrogates prior to November 6th. Not surprisingly, the parties appear to be taking up the Commission's invitation. According to a Washington Post story of August 25, 2002, "Both the Democratic and Republican senatorial campaign committees are exploring the creation of separate soft-money funds." A National Journal article of September 7, 2002 likewise stated, "[E]ven some national party committees are looking at setting up, before November 5, new groups that they say could legally raise soft money next year so long as they do not coordinate their activities with the national committees." The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act puts an end to soft money leadership PACs. Soft money leadership PACs are entities controlled by Federal officeholders or candidates that take in unlimited contributions from corporations, unions, and wealthy individuals to finance activities beneficial to their sponsors. These activities can include events and entertainment, contributions to State and local parties and candidates, fundraising and administrative costs, sham "issue ads," payments to consultants, and expenses for partisan get- out-the-vote efforts. According to a February 2002 report by Public Citizen, 63 Members of Congress had their own soft money leadership PACs at that time. From July 1, 2000, until June 30, 2001, the top 25 politician soft money leadership PACs collected more than $15.1 million in contributions.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.46634
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.32687
VADER
0.95
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
31.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
92
Sprache Difficult Word Count
87
John McCain
The new law prohibits entities "directly or indirectly established, financed, maintained or controlled" by Federal officeholders or candidates from soliciting or receiving soft money. As a matter of plain meaning and simple common sense, this language clearly covers officeholder and candidate leadership PACs. Furthermore, this statutory standard linking leadership PACs to their officeholder or candidate sponsors is deliberately broader than preexisting language under which the Commission has treated leadership PACs as independent of Federal officials. In sum, the new law was intended to bring about the demise of soft money leadership PACs -- and was well-crafted to achieve that result.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.75786
VADER
0.026
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
17.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
46
Sprache Difficult Word Count
41
John McCain
Despite the statutory language and clear legislative intent, the Federal Election Commission has left open the possibility of continued operation of officeholder and candidate soft money leadership PACs. If the Commission considers a leadership PAC to be "directly or indirectly established, financed, maintained or controlled" by a Federal officeholder or candidate, it will not be permitted to receive soft money. However, the Commission also decided that it would analyze whether individual leadership PACs are so established, financed, maintained or controlled by applying the same standards under which it has always considered leadership PACs to be independent of Federal officeholders and candidates. This decision threatens to delete an important element of the new law's soft money prohibitions.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.78846
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.19722
VADER
0.202
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
6.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
54
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
John McCain
The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act permits Federal officeholders and candidates to "attend, speak, and be a featured guest at" State party fundraising events. However, these individuals may not expressly solicit soft money at State party fundraising events.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.3979
VADER
0.66
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
23.4
Gunning-Fog Score
16
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.3
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
John McCain
The Commission's professional staff clearly perceived the line drawn by the law in terms of permissible Federal officeholder or candidate participation in State party fundraising events. Consistent with the statutory language and legislative intent, the draft final soft money rules prepared by the general counsel and professional staff held that Federal candidates and officeholders could attend, speak at, or be featured guests at a State party fundraising event, but they could not "actively solicit funds at the event." Once again, the Commission overrode the draft regulations developed by its professional staff and departed from the statute. A Commissioner offered an amendment to permit Federal officeholders not merely to attend and speak at State party fundraising events but also to make express solicitations for soft money at those events. He characterized this amendment as a "total carve-out" from the law's restrictions on soft money solicitations by Federal candidates and officeholders. Commissioner Scott Thomas, who consistently voted against efforts to undermine and compromise the law, strenuously disagreed, saying, "[Congress] drafted the statute in a way that says in essence Federal candidates are not to solicit soft money and the one part of Commissioner Toner's amendment that I just can't square with the statutory ban is the last clause: the candidates and individuals holding Federal office may speak at such events without restriction or regulation." The amendment passed despite Commissioner Thomas's objections.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.66667
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.29928
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.72414
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.72414
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.7346
VADER
-0.492
Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
13.7
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
99
Sprache Difficult Word Count
72
John McCain
This departure from the statutory text and legislative intent creates a significant loophole that undermines Congress' effort to eradicate the soft money system. Under this amendment, whatever is deemed to be a State party fundraiser essentially becomes a "rules-free zone" for soft money solicitations. It is readily conceivable that Federal officeholders and candidates will engage in unrestrained soft money solicitations at any kind of event or gathering that is simply called a "State party fundraiser." Indeed, one could envision a State party holding its "fundraiser" in Washington DC's, Union Station, with the President and numerous Members of Congress in attendance to expressly solicit unlimited soft money contributions for that state party. This result is simply impossible to square with the text of the law and Congress's intent. The problem is compounded by the fact that the Commission elsewhere opened loopholes permitting State parties to spend unregulated, unlimited soft money donations on activities affecting Federal elections, again contrary to statutory text and legislative intent.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.70805
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.7037
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.7037
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.65292
VADER
0.914
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
17.6
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
70
Sprache Difficult Word Count
62
John McCain
In general, the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act does not merely ban national parties and Federal officeholders from receiving, spending, directing, or soliciting soft money. The bill also prohibits State parties from spending unregulated soft money on activities that have a particularly pronounced effect on Federal elections -- defined in the statute as "Federal election activity." This portion of the law responds to an ongoing, significant problem. Currently, State parties often use unlimited soft money donations, which are transferred to them by national parties or contributed directly to them, to help finance sham "issue ads" promoting or attacking clearly identified Federal candidates, voter mobilization activities clearly benefitting Federal candidates, and other campaign activities affecting Federal elections. This compromises the integrity of our democracy. If unregulated and potentially unlimited soft money donations can be funneled through State parties into activities supporting the election of Federal candidates, at a minimum, officeholders appear beholden to the sources of those unlimited donations.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.78571
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.78571
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.98592
VADER
0.979
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
79
Sprache Difficult Word Count
57
John McCain
To remedy this problem, the new campaign finance law requires State parties to use exclusively hard money contributions to finance public communications promoting or attacking clearly identified Federal candidates, voter registration activity occurring within 120 days of a regularly scheduled Federal election that mentions a Federal candidate, and get-out-the-vote activity, voter identification, and generic campaign activity mentioning a Federal candidate and conducted in connection with an election in which a Federal candidate appears on the ballot. It also requires State parties to use either exclusively hard money, or a combination of hard money and tightly limited and regulated non-Federal funds, to finance voter registration, get-out-the-vote activity, voter identification, and generic campaign activity that do not mention Federal candidates.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.65925
VADER
0.542
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
63
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
John McCain
The law does not permit the use of unregulated, unlimited soft money donations by State parties for any of the specified "Federal election activities." Indeed, during floor debate over a number of years, the House and Senate repeatedly rejected substitute proposals that would have allowed State parties to use unlimited soft money donations for these activities. However, what was settled by Congress was reopened by the Federal Election Commission. Through a series of amendments that defied the statutory language, legislative intent, its own precedents, and simple common sense, the Commission opened the door for the use of unlimited soft money donations by State parties for certain activities that clearly and significantly affect Federal elections. As such, the Commission preserved the status quo of the soft money system in a number of respects -- clearly contrary to Congress's overriding purpose in enacting this law.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6129
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6129
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.36688
VADER
0.922
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
20.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
54
Sprache Difficult Word Count
47
John McCain
The statute does not permit State parties to use unregulated, unlimited soft money donations to finance "voter registration activity" within 120 days of a regularly scheduled Federal election and "get-out-the-vote activity" conducted in connection with an election in which a Federal candidate appears on the ballot. State parties must use exclusively hard money, or a tightly controlled mix of hard money and limited, regulated non-Federal donations, if no Federal candidate is mentioned, to pay for these activities. The Federal Election Commission, however, permitted State parties to use unregulated soft money for these activities, by adopting unjustifiably narrow definitions of the terms "voter registration activity" and "get-out-the-vote activity." The draft final rules prepared by the Commission's general counsel had appropriately defined "voter registration activity" and "get- out-the-vote activity" to include not merely "to assist" individuals to vote or register to vote but also "to encourage" them to do so, consistent with Commission precedent.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.44238
VADER
0.691
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
1.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
66
Sprache Difficult Word Count
51
John McCain
For instance, elsewhere in title 11 of the Code of Federal Regulations, specifically, in 11 CFR 100.133, the Commission uses the heading "voter registration and get-out-the-vote activities," to describe "activity designed to encourage individuals to vote or to register to vote". However, on a four-to-two vote, the Commission overrode its general counsel and deleted the concept of "encouraging" people to register to vote or to vote from the definitions of "voter registration activity" and "get-out-the-vote activity." This amendment departs from not only Commission precedent but also common sense. Under the amendment, a State party phone bank targeted at the party's core voters, urging them to "get out and vote this November" because of key issues at stake, but not mentioning the location of a polling place or offering transportation assistance, would not constitute "get-out-the-vote activity", and thus could be financed in part with unregulated, unlimited soft money. This is an absurd result, contradicting common understandings of what constitutes "get-out-the-vote activity" and perpetuating certain aspects of the current soft money system. By failing to include all "get-out-the-vote activity" and "voter registration activity" in its definitions of those terms, the Commission violated the statute.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.2
Slightly Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.375
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.375
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
-0.535
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
20.5
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
75
Sprache Difficult Word Count
65
John McCain
The Commission also failed to include all "voter identification" activity in its regulatory definition of that term, violating the statute and undermining its prohibition on the use of unregulated soft money by State parties for such activity. The draft final rules prepared by the Commission's general counsel had included "obtaining voter lists" in the definition of "voter identification." However, a Commissioner offered an amendment to delete voter list acquisition from this definition, even though this is a commonly understood component of voter identification activity. A lawyer from the Commission's general counsel's office pointed out the problem with this amendment, noting during the rulemaking:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.19722
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.86904
VADER
-0.813
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
3.3
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
45
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
John McCain
Nonetheless, the Commission adopted the amendment by a four-to-two vote, allowing State parties to continue their current practice of using unregulated, unlimited soft money donations to help acquire voter lists employed to identify likely voters in upcoming elections in which a Federal candidate appears on the ballot.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.13549
VADER
0.66
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
22
John McCain
As part of its mission to permit the continuation of aspects of the soft money system at the State level, the Commission also constricted the meaning of "generic campaign activity" from that provided in the statute. The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act prohibits State parties from financing "generic campaign activity" with unregulated, unlimited soft money donations. It proceeds to specifically define "generic campaign activity" as "campaign activity that promotes a political party and does not promote a candidate or non-Federal candidate".
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.875
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.875
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.33537
VADER
0.745
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
10.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
30
John McCain
While the statutory definition covers "campaign activity," the Commission adopted, again on a four-to-two vote, an amendment limiting the corresponding regulatory definition to a "public communication that promotes a political party and does not promote a candidate or non-Federal candidate." Notably, "public communication" is defined elsewhere in the statute and regulations to include only "a communication by means of any broadcast, cable, or satellite communication, newspaper, magazine, outdoor advertising facility, mass mailing, or telephone bank to the general public, or any other form of general public political advertising." Thus, the Commission overrode the statute to permit State parties to use unregulated, unlimited soft money donations to send party promotion mailings that do not constitute "mass mailings" and to engage in other party promotion activities that do not rise to the level of a "public communication" as specifically defined in the statute and regulations.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.91667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.91667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.75154
VADER
0.921
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
56
Sprache Difficult Word Count
49
John McCain
The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act specifies that its restrictions on State party use of unregulated soft money for get-out-the-vote activity, voter identification, and generic campaign activity apply when these activities are "conducted in connection with an election in which a Federal candidate appears on the ballot." For purposes of this rulemaking, the Federal Election Commission adopted an artificially and unrealistically short time window for designating State party get-out-the-vote activity, voter identification, and generic campaign activity as having been "conducted in connection with an election in which a Federal candidate appears on the ballot" and thus subject to the new law's soft money limits. The Commission ultimately decided that these activities fell under the statutory standard only if they occurred after "the date of the earliest filing deadline for access to the primary election ballot for Federal candidates as determined by State law" up until election day of an even-numbered year. As the Commission's professional staff pointed out during the rulemaking proceedings, this filing deadline can occur as late as in August in certain States.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.3913
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.3913
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.78846
VADER
0.836
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
73
Sprache Difficult Word Count
52
John McCain
At the very least, it is difficult to reach the conclusion that State party voter identification and generic campaign activities conducted at any point in even-numbered years are somehow not "conducted in connection with an election in which a Federal candidate appears on the ballot." Federal candidates will be on the ballot in regularly scheduled primary and general elections that occur in those years. Indeed, that conclusion is a departure from relevant Commission precedent.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.51083
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.43508
VADER
0.077
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
22.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
John McCain
In determining when a hard money match has been required for State party generic voter drives, the Commission has long indicated that State party generic voter drive expenses incurred as early as the beginning of a 2-year election cycle, e.g., January of 1995, for the 1995-96 cycle, required partial hard money financing. The result of the Commission's arbitrary and incorrect interpretation of the statute and departure from its precedent in this instance is that State parties will be able to use unlimited soft money to help finance certain generic party promotion activity and activities to identify likely voters occurring in at least the same year, and sometimes considerably proximate to, Federal elections.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.36842
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.36842
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.73089
VADER
0.915
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26.1
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
35
John McCain
In conclusion, the cumulative effect of these provisions is to resurrect significant aspects of the current soft money system at the State level, directly contrary to statutory text and legislative intent. State parties will be able to use unregulated, unlimited soft money donations to help finance targeted, effective get-out-the-vote activity closely proximate to Federal elections, the purchase of voter lists for voter identification purposes, generic party promotion activity occurring in Federal election years, and other activities directly and substantially affecting Federal elections. Furthermore, under other Federal Election Commission regulations shrinking the statute, these unregulated soft money donations could be secured for State parties by national parties and Federal candidates and officeholders.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.33647
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.81818
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.81818
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.10413
VADER
0.959
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
9.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
57
Sprache Difficult Word Count
47
John McCain
Because of the Commission's truncated definition of "to solicit," national parties and Federal candidates and officeholders could "recommend" or "suggest" that donors write large soft money checks to State parties for use on get-out-the-vote drives and other activities on Federal elections. Indeed, Federal candidates could also take advantage of the "total carve-out" invented by the Commission for soft money solicitations at State party fundraisers, in order to expressly ask donors to contribute unregulated soft money to State parties. Acting together, the Commission's various departures from the statute would perpetuate many of the State party practices that have undermined public confidence in our political system and that Congress sought to eliminate.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.61905
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.61905
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.35812
VADER
0.95
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
7.2
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
40
Sprache Difficult Word Count
40
John McCain
The previously cited examples are not the only instances in which the Commission departed from the statute and legislative intent. For instance:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.7
Sprache Readability Score
2.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
John McCain
The agency that created soft money is clearly intent on saving it. A number of Commissioners have made no secret of their dislike for the policy choices made by Congress in enacting the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act. They are entitled to their opinions about the merits of the law. But they are not entitled to substitute their opinions for the judgment of Congress. This pattern of statutory distortion and contradiction of legislative intent -- always with the result of reintroducing soft money to the system -- suggests that four Commissioners did not grasp the limits on their authority, or care much about them.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-2.3979
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.06667
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.06667
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.12516
VADER
0.733
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
43.9
Gunning-Fog Score
13.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
32
John McCain
With the enactment of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, Congress honored the American people's desire for cleaner elections. Though I wish it were not necessary, it appears that we must act again to ensure the public obtains the full benefits of this law. A Federal Election Commission that has failed the public time and time again should not enjoy the last word on the health of our democracy. So I urge support for this resolution -- to reclaim for Congress its role as the author of our Nation's laws; and to deliver the full campaign finance reform that the American people deserve.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.8473
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.86667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.86667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.26868
VADER
0.921
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.3
Gunning-Fog Score
12.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
30
Sprache Difficult Word Count
33
John McCain
I ask unanimous consent that the text of the joint resolution be printed in the Record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.4
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
10.3
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
7.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
3.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
6
Sprache Difficult Word Count
7
Russ Feingold
Mr. President, I join with the Senator from Arizona in introducing a disapproval joint resolution pursuant to the Congressional Review Act, "CRA". An identical joint resolution is being introduced in the House of Representatives by supporters of campaign finance reform in that body. If passed by the Senate and the House and signed by the President, this resolution would result in the disapproval of regulations issued by the Federal Election Commission to implement the core provision of the McCain-Feingold/Shays-Meehan campaign finance reform bill, the ban on soft money.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.55556
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0.128
Leans Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
32.2
Gunning-Fog Score
14.8
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
43
Sprache Difficult Word Count
39
Russ Feingold
We are taking this step, reluctantly, because the rules transmitted to Congress are not faithful to the letter and the spirit of the bill that we passed, and the President signed, just a few months ago. That bill was necessary because rulings over a period of years by the FEC had created the soft money system. We cannot stand by while the same regulatory body thwarts the efforts of this Congress, and the strong desire of the American people, to end that corrupt system of financing campaigns in this country. We must send a clear message that we meant what we said when we passed campaign finance reform earlier this year.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.854
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
56.7
Gunning-Fog Score
13.6
Coleman-Liau Index
11
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Russ Feingold
No unelected body can be permitted to rewrite the law. No group of appointed officials can be permitted to punch loopholes in a law before the ink is even dry on the President's signature. The role of the FEC is to implement and enforce the laws that Congress passes, not to pass judgment on them and revise them according to the Commissioners' own views of the way that campaigns should be financed in this country.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
-0.527
Very Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.5
Gunning-Fog Score
14.3
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
25
Russ Feingold
As my colleagues are aware, section 402(c) of the new law required the FEC to promulgate rules relating to Title I of the new law, the ban on soft money, within 90 days of enactment of the law on March 27, 2002. The FEC worked diligently to meet that statutory deadline. It published proposed rules on May 20, 2002, received comments from interested parties on May 29, 2002, held public hearings on June 4 and June 5, 2002, and completed work on the rules themselves on June 25, 2002. Incidentally, Senator McCain and I and Representatives Shays and Meehan filed extensive comments on the proposed rules. So the FEC had before it our views on the issues covered by the rules when it made its decisions.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.70805
VADER
0.202
Slightly Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
66.5
Gunning-Fog Score
14.6
Coleman-Liau Index
8.4
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
38
Russ Feingold
Let me first take a moment to outline a few of the deficiencies in the FEC's rules, and then I will discuss our decision to invoke the Congressional Review Act. One of the central provisions of the McCain- Feingold bill was a prohibition of Federal candidates and officeholders soliciting soft money. The President and members of Congress are now intimately involved in their parties' fundraising efforts. They spend hours at a time making phone calls to corporate CEOs and labor leaders asking for contributions of hundreds of thousands of dollars. One member of this body commented to me after making one of those calls that he felt like taking a shower. The White House coffees from 1996 and other "donor service" events were part of this soft money system.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.64663
VADER
0.637
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.2
Gunning-Fog Score
12.3
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
11.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
31
Sprache Difficult Word Count
44
Russ Feingold
This kind of fundraising demeans this body, it demeans the Presidency, it demeans public service. We knew if we were going to end the soft money system, we had to call a halt to members of Congress raising these kinds of unlimited contributions.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
59.1
Gunning-Fog Score
11.4
Coleman-Liau Index
11.3
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
11
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.7
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
14
Russ Feingold
The FEC took it upon itself to define the term "solicit" in our statute. The General Counsel's office sensibly suggested a definition that to "solicit" means to "request, suggest, or recommend" that a contribution be made. The Commissioners decided that definition was too broad so they amended the General Counsel's definition and said that solicit only means to "ask" for a contribution.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
3.04452
VADER
0.361
Somewhat Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.4
Gunning-Fog Score
16.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
4.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
21
Sprache Difficult Word Count
20
Russ Feingold
There can be no question that our intent in this law was to broadly prohibit the involvement of Federal candidates and officeholders in the raising of soft money. The FEC's definition narrows that provision. As the Commission's General Counsel said, "it doesn't take great cleverness" to figure out ways to request a donation without formally asking for one. The bank on Federal officeholders raising soft money is plainly compromised by this narrow definition. It is contrary to the clear intent of the Act.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.80235
VADER
-0.292
Slightly Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
46.3
Gunning-Fog Score
12.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.4
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.8
Sprache Readability Score
4.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Russ Feingold
In our prohibition of soft money fundraising, we included a narrow exception to permit federal officeholders to "attend, speak, or be a featured guest at" at a fundraiser for a State political party committee. The idea behind this exception was to allow Federal candidates to be part of such fundraisers, even if the State party was using the event to raise money that might not be legal under federal law. We did not intend that Federal candidates should be allowed to expressly solicit soft money contributions at such fundraisers.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.731
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29.4
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
26
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Russ Feingold
So what did the FEC do with this exception? In the words of one Commissioner, it created a "rules free zone" at these events. Absolutely nothing is now out of bounds at any event deemed to be a State party fundraiser, members of Congress can not only attend and speak at a fundraiser, they can individually solicit corporate CEOs in attendance, they might even be able to make phone calls to other donors from such fundraisers. Anyone who would have suggested on this floor that the intent of the narrow exception in the bill was to create a "rules free zone" would have been laughed out of town. But that is exactly what the FEC did.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.75
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.937
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.3
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
62.2
Gunning-Fog Score
13.4
Coleman-Liau Index
9.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
28
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Russ Feingold
The FEC also laid the groundwork for the national parties to transfer their soft money operations to other entities before the law takes effect. This was clearly not permitted by the law we passed. The soft money ban applies not only to the parties but to any entity "directly or indirectly established, financed, maintained, or controlled" by the party or any party official. The idea here, as you can tell by the broad language was to make sure that ban was difficult to evade.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.4
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.76214
VADER
0.485
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
11
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.6
Gunning-Fog Score
13.6
Coleman-Liau Index
11.3
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
24
Russ Feingold
The FEC went right to work on this language. It determined that any action taken before the bill becomes effective cannot be considered in deciding whether an entity is established, financed, maintained, or controlled by the parties. Under this regulation, the parties can create shell entities this year, provide seed money and staff and donor lists for them, and inform all their soft money donors that this new entity is their favored recipient for soft money after the election. But under the FEC's rules, none of those facts can even be considered in deciding whether this entity is "established" by the party, and therefore subject to the ban on raising and spending soft money.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.917
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
44.3
Gunning-Fog Score
17
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
34
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Russ Feingold
This is a strained reading of the law, to say the least. One Commissioner said with respect to the actions of the FEC's majority on these rules: "You have so tortured this law, it's beyond silly." This is clearly a prime example. How can an entity such as the one I described not be considered to have been "established" by the party? Yet that will be the result of the "grandfathering" that the FEC included in the regulations, a provision that is nowhere reflected in the law itself, and that was simply made up by the FEC out of whole cloth.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.58779
VADER
0.71
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
66.6
Gunning-Fog Score
12.4
Coleman-Liau Index
9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.5
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.8
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
27
Russ Feingold
There are many other examples of torturing this law, and we will detail all of them when we consider the resolution. I think it is clear that these problems go to the heart of the soft money ban. They are not just quibbles. They undermine the central provisions of the new law. That is why we are seeking to invoke the Congressional Review Act. Some may call that a draconian step because the CRA requires us to overturn the entire regulation. But in our view, such action is appropriate. No rules are better than rules that create huge loopholes from the very start.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.23077
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.43532
VADER
-0.153
Leans Negative
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
72.2
Gunning-Fog Score
9
Coleman-Liau Index
10.2
SMOG Index
10
Automated Readability Index
5.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.6
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
24
Sprache Difficult Word Count
29
Russ Feingold
Furthermore, it is our view that the FEC would remain under an obligation to promulgate new rules and that new rules that address the shortcomings that we identify in this debate will be permitted under the CRA because they will not be "substantially the same" as the regulations that we disapprove with this resolution. The CRA would give the FEC a full year from the date of enactment of the disapproval resolution to repromulgate the rules. But we expect that the FEC will act expeditiously in response to a clear message from Congress that these rules are unsatisfactory. Indeed, the regulated community will demand quick action, because it will want the guidance that regulations provide. Otherwise, it will be required to abide by a statute without the more specific guidance provided by regulations.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.94591
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.44444
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.44444
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.89794
VADER
0.34
Somewhat Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.5
Gunning-Fog Score
17.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.9
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
39
Sprache Difficult Word Count
39
Russ Feingold
We take no pleasure in having to follow this course. But we worked for seven years to pass this reform for the American people. Sixty Senators voted in favor of the bill when it finally passed the Senate on March 20, 2002. We cannot turn our backs on the extra-legal action of the FEC. We must act to protect the reform that so many fought so hard for so long to enact.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
0.782
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
5.6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
80.8
Gunning-Fog Score
6.4
Coleman-Liau Index
7.2
SMOG Index
7.7
Automated Readability Index
4.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
3.5
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
13
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Russ Feingold
When we passed the McCain-Feingold bill in March, I indicated that we would continue to work for reform and to make sure that the new law was properly implemented. I really did not expect to be back on the floor so soon. But I make no apologies for it. The FEC's rules cannot stand. I ask for my colleagues support for this disapproval resolution.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.6
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.22378
VADER
0.422
Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
71.3
Gunning-Fog Score
10.7
Coleman-Liau Index
9.2
SMOG Index
10.9
Automated Readability Index
5.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4
Sprache Readability Score
3.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
14
Sprache Difficult Word Count
18
Daniel K. Akaka
Mr. President, I rise to introduce a resolution passed last night in the other body, along with my colleagues Senators Inouye, Kennedy, and others, which continues our tribute to Congresswoman Pasty Takemoto Mink in the wake of her untimely passing on September 28, 2002. The resolution honors a remarkable woman and her accomplishments for equal opportunity and education by renaming after her a provision in law commonly known as Title IX that consists of few words but has had incomprehensible and tremendous positive impact on the lives of countless numbers of girls and women in our country. With our combined action, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 will now be known as the Pasty Takemoto Mink Equal Opportunity in Education Act.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.46634
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.89474
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.89474
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.51231
VADER
0.937
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
28.4
Gunning-Fog Score
17.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
43
Sprache Difficult Word Count
42
Daniel K. Akaka
As we honor our colleague, we can also recount some of the milestones in the 30-year history of Title IX and the efforts to establish standards of equal opportunity of women. The progress we as a Nation have made in 30 years has been remarkable, and we have Patsy and a few of her visionary colleagues to thank for the equal opportunities our children enjoy today. In 1970, the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Education and Labor held the first Congressional hearings on sex discrimination in education. At those hearings, Patsy made the following statement, "Discrimination against women in education is one of the most insidious forms of prejudice extant in our nation. Few people realize the extent to which our society is denied full use of our human resources because of this type of discrimination. Most large colleges and universities in the United States routinely impose quotas by sex on the admission of students. Fewer women are admitted than men, and those few women allowed to pursue higher education must have attained exceptional intellectual standing to win admission." She went on to state, "Our nation can no longer afford this system which demoralizes and demeans half of the population and deprives them of the means to participate fully in our society as equal citizens. Lacking the contribution which women are capable of making to human betterment, our nation is the loser so long as this discrimination is allowed to continue." In April, 1972, Congresswoman Mink introduced the Women's Education Act of 1972. On the day of introduction, on the floor of the other body, she said, "We need the input of every individual to continue the progress we enjoy. All persons, regardless of their sex, must have enough opportunities open so that they can contribute as much to their lives and this society as they can." She further noted that, "it is essential to the existence of our country that sincere and realistic attention to there realignment of our attitudes and educational priorities be made. I suggest that education is the first place to start in a reexamination of our national goals." On June 23, 1972, Congresswoman Mink, working with Congresswoman Edith Green of Oregon and others on the then Education and Labor Committee, saw their efforts on an important education package come top fruition as the Education Amendments of 1972 were signed into law. Title IX was included in that package. Final regulations for Title IX were issued on June 4, 1975. On June 17, 1997, President Clinton announced that he issued an executive memo directing all appropriate federal agencies to review their Title IX obligation and report their findings within 90 days to the Attorney General. In all, although the reach of Title IX has been felt the most in the athletics arena, the landmark statutes about gender roles in our society and helped to correct inequalities in areas such as educational attainment by women, educator pay, and the wide range of extracurricular activities enjoyed by female students of all ages. Much of this would not have been possible, were it not for the immense vision and determination of Patsy Mink.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0.44444
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0.44444
Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0.89794
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.59524
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.59524
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.34993
VADER
0.991
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
39.6
Gunning-Fog Score
15.7
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
171
Sprache Difficult Word Count
150
Daniel K. Akaka
Last Friday, I attended a most fitting and moving memorial service for Patsy in Honolulu, Hawaii. I joined the senior Senator from Hawaii and many dignitaries from the other body, as well as many of Hawaii's other distinguished elected officials and thousands of Hawaii residents, in attendance to pay tribute to Patsy Mink. Among the eloquent speakers, University of Hawaii Assistant Athletics Director Marilyn Moniz-Kahoohanohano called herself, "a living example of Mrs. Mink's vision of quality for women." Marilyn recounted how she had just graduated from high school after the passage of Title IX, and the University of Hawaii formed the Rainbow Wahine athletic teams. She recalled, with joy, how she and her team placed second for the national volleyball title and took pictures with Patsy on the steps of the Capitol. Marilyn's powerful words on Friday range true for many female athletes in Hawaii and around the country, as she said, "Because of you, we can play the game." I urge the Senate to act quickly on this resolution to honor the groundbreaking efforts of Congresswoman Patsy Takemoto Mink on behalf of countless girls and women of America. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the joint resolution be printed in the Record.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.90909
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.90909
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.66259
VADER
0.96
Very Positive
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
34.4
Gunning-Fog Score
12.9
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
79
Sprache Difficult Word Count
76