Fact
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Senate Floor: EXECUTIVE SESSION
2 Topics
Entities
Moderation
3 Speakers
Entities
No entities found
Moderation
No moderation found
Speakers
Joe Biden Joe Biden said 118 sentences of a total of 143 sentences.
83%
Joe Biden said 1348 words of a total of 1616 words.
84%
John Sununu John Sununu said 6 sentences of a total of 143 sentences.
5%
John Sununu said 156 words of a total of 1616 words.
10%
The Presiding Officer The Presiding Officer said 7 sentences of a total of 143 sentences.
5%
The Presiding Officer said 41 words of a total of 1616 words.
3%
Full Transcript
John Sununu
Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to executive session to consider the following treaties on today's Executive Calendar: Nos. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
0.226
Slightly Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.0589374744
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0159233008
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0097530523
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0069625807
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0050088765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0042512209
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0035793139
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0031132273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.001507366
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0002134358
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.74279E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Treaty
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.2
Code:
11027000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11027000
Wikidata_id:
Q131569
Wikidata_label:
treaty
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
59
Magnitude:
0.117
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.4
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
58.4
Gunning-Fog Score
10.9
Coleman-Liau Index
10.9
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
4.6
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
2.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
12
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
John Sununu
I further ask consent that the treaties be considered as having passed through their various parliamentary stages up to and including the presentation of the resolutions of ratification; that any committee conditions, declaration, or reservations be agreed to as applicable; that any statements in regard to these treaties be printed in the Record as if read; and that the Senate take one vote on the resolution of ratifications to be considered as separate votes; further, that when the resolutions of ratification are voted upon, the motion to reconsider be laid upon the table, the President be notified of the Senate's action, and that following the disposition of the treaties, the Senate return to legislative session.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.83333
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
2.03688
VADER
0.459
Positive
Moderation
Violence > Graphic
0.0365934859
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0285194459
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.015570299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0083861021
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0068629102
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.00429352
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0023585299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0015580747
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0007966462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
8.95669E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
6.53833E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Treaty
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.656
Code:
11027000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11027000
Wikidata_id:
Q131569
Wikidata_label:
treaty
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.357
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Election
Score:
52
Magnitude:
0.34
Code:
11003000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11003000
Wikidata_id:
Q40231
Wikidata_label:
public election
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
46.778
Magnitude:
115
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
35.22
Magnitude:
115
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
0
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
38
Sprache Difficult Word Count
37
The Presiding Officer
The PRESIDING OFFICER.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Sexual > Minors
0.0515364227
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence
0.0439807482
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0093975927
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0091512928
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0083217834
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0037638492
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0035196455
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0008425411
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.00040256
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0002451145
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001148911
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
45.944
Magnitude:
24
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
41.578
Magnitude:
24
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
8.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.5
Gunning-Fog Score
6.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.3
Automated Readability Index
5.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
1.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
3
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4
The treaties will be considered to have passed through their various parliamentary stages up to and including the presentation of the resolutions of ratification.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.1477374462
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0348846283
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0195865272
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0181654526
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0117825017
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0034962151
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0030110707
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0006202861
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0003717375
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
3.86458E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
1.7847E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Treaty
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.137
Code:
11027000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11027000
Wikidata_id:
Q131569
Wikidata_label:
treaty
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
16.8
Gunning-Fog Score
19
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
9
Sprache Difficult Word Count
10
The resolutions of ratification are as follows:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.09861
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0715219765
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0635228178
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0284694048
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0244763389
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0145233193
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0129956592
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0028307273
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0021012793
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0007762635
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.000144967
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001224393
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.4
Gunning-Fog Score
14.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
4.9
Sprache Readability Score
1.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
Resolutions of Ratification as approved by the Senate:
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.60944
VADER
0.422
Positive
Moderation
Violence
0.2606315771
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0193752232
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0190203922
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0131389126
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0096163742
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0013069935
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0005840397
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0005405166
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
0.0001181191
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001151033
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
1.47992E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.139
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Parliament > Upper House
Score:
84
Magnitude:
0.116
Code:
11009001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009001
Wikidata_id:
Q637846
Wikidata_label:
upper house
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
18.9
Gunning-Fog Score
3.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
9.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.3
Sprache Readability Score
2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
4
Sprache Difficult Word Count
4
Sec. 2. Condition.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.113336707
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0234925858
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0065014465
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0027352906
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0016780001
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0016306481
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0009219179
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0002207355
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
8.24159E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
2.15719E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.89296E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Government Operations
Score:
23.194
Magnitude:
13
Code:
20
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
0.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
93
Gunning-Fog Score
13.7
Coleman-Liau Index
7.5
SMOG Index
6.6
Automated Readability Index
0
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
0.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
Sec 2. Declaration.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0611180963
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.0242627386
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0053682757
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
0.0023816519
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.00134971
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
0.0012611672
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0007867714
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.0007073129
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
0.0001964868
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
0.0001712592
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
9.126E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Law and Crime
Score:
62.962
Magnitude:
139
Code:
12
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#12
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
64.3
Gunning-Fog Score
13.9
Coleman-Liau Index
11.5
SMOG Index
7.3
Automated Readability Index
1.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
Sec. 2. Reservation.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Moderation
Violence
0.0057411242
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual
0.0035992452
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Violence > Graphic
0.001870895
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment > Threatening
0.0014088824
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Sexual > Minors
0.0006604299
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Harassment
0.00046567
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm
9.92181E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate
3.9839E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Hate > Threatening
1.69671E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Intent
1.4323E-5
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Self-Harm > Instructions
2.1404E-6
OpenAI Moderation v1 (007)
Topics
Topic:
Government Operations
Score:
36.441
Magnitude:
59
Code:
20
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#20
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Topic:
International Affairs
Score:
28.554
Magnitude:
59
Code:
19
Url:
https://fsc.al/cap-mc#19
Source:
Comparative Agendas
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
4.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
64.8
Gunning-Fog Score
13.7
Coleman-Liau Index
11.4
SMOG Index
6.6
Automated Readability Index
1.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
10
Sprache Readability Score
0.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
2
Sprache Difficult Word Count
2
John Sununu
Mr. President, I ask for a division vote on the resolutions of ratification.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
0
Neutral
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Election
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.164
Code:
11003000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11003000
Wikidata_id:
Q40231
Wikidata_label:
public election
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Election > Local Elections
Score:
53
Magnitude:
0.086
Code:
11003006
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11003006
Wikidata_id:
Q15966540
Wikidata_label:
local election
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.8
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.6
Gunning-Fog Score
11.8
Coleman-Liau Index
11.8
SMOG Index
10.3
Automated Readability Index
3.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
1.9
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
5
Sprache Difficult Word Count
6
The Presiding Officer
The PRESIDING OFFICER.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.2
Leans Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.33647
VADER
0.402
Positive
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.147
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
49.6
Gunning-Fog Score
10.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.5
Automated Readability Index
5.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.3
Sprache Readability Score
2.4
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
10
Sprache Difficult Word Count
12
On a division, two-thirds of the Senators present and voting having voted in the affirmative, the resolutions of ratification are agreed to.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.33333
Somewhat Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.51083
VADER
0.273
Slightly Positive
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.164
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
29
Gunning-Fog Score
16.2
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.6
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
8
Sprache Difficult Word Count
9
Joe Biden
Mr. President, I am pleased to support the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air, known as the Montreal Convention, which was signed by the United States at a negotiating conference in that city in 1999. The convention provides the basic liability framework for international aviation and the air carriage of cargo and baggage. When it enters into force, the convention, for those nations party to it, will replace the current liability system, known as the Warsaw system, which had its origins in a 1929 treaty known as the Warsaw Convention. Since 1929, the Warsaw Convention has been amended numerous times by various protocols. But membership in the convention and the various protocols has not been universal, creating a patchwork quilt of treaty relations between and among nations. The Montreal Convention is designed to provide a clear and uniform system, and it is hoped that there will be widespread adherence to it.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.625
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.625
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.34993
VADER
0.921
Very Positive
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.397
Code:
11002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002000
Wikidata_id:
Q1889
Wikidata_label:
diplomacy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Treaty
Score:
80
Magnitude:
0.316
Code:
11027000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11027000
Wikidata_id:
Q131569
Wikidata_label:
treaty
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy > International Relations
Score:
75
Magnitude:
0.296
Code:
11002002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002002
Wikidata_id:
Q166542
Wikidata_label:
international relations
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
69
Magnitude:
0.272
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
40.2
Gunning-Fog Score
15.1
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
59
Sprache Difficult Word Count
46
Joe Biden
The Warsaw Convention system is antiquated in several respects, particularly with regard to the absurdly low limitations it contains on liability in cases of passenger injury or death. These limits may have made sense in 1929, when the airline industry was in its infancy. But those limits are anachronistic and indefensible. The airline industry matured long ago, and has long been capable of purchasing adequate liability insurance.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.05882
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.05882
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.11123
VADER
-0.691
Very Negative
Topics
Topic:
Disaster and Accident > Transport Accident > Railway Accident
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.056
Code:
3010002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03010002
Wikidata_id:
Q19403959
Wikidata_label:
railway accident
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26.9
Gunning-Fog Score
17.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.2
Sprache Readability Score
4.8
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
27
Sprache Difficult Word Count
26
Joe Biden
To their credit, the major airline carriers agreed, by contract, to waive the limitations for liability for passenger injury or death in 1996 in the "IATA Inter-Carrier Agreement on Passenger Liability." Most of the airlines flying to and from the United States have taken this action, although several smaller airlines have not. The Montreal Convention will codify this inter-carrier agreement. Article 21 provides for payment, in cases of personal injury or death, of up to 100,000 Special Drawing Rights, currently about $140,000, for proven damages. Above that amount, there will be no limit on the amount an injured person or his or her heirs may obtain; the burden, under Article 21(2), will be on the air carrier to prove that it was not negligent or that the damage was solely due to the negligence or other wrongful act or omission of a third party.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-3.21888
Harvard-IV (Relative)
-0.42857
Negative
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
-0.42857
Negative
Harvard-IV (Logit)
-0.86904
VADER
-0.93
Very Negative
Topics
Topic:
Disaster and Accident > Transport Accident > Air and Space Accident
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.492
Code:
3010003
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/03010003
Wikidata_id:
Q744913
Wikidata_label:
aviation accident
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Economy, Business and Finance > Transport > Air Transport
Score:
63
Magnitude:
0.309
Code:
4015001
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/04015001
Wikidata_id:
Q1757562
Wikidata_label:
air transport
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
42.6
Gunning-Fog Score
16.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.4
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
46
Sprache Difficult Word Count
46
Joe Biden
The Montreal Convention also creates a "fifth jurisdiction" in addition to the four jurisdictions provided under the Warsaw system. This additional jurisdiction, set forth in article 33(2), will ensure that, in nearly every case, Americans will be able to bring an action in a U.S. court.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.94591
VADER
0.557
Very Positive
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.13
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
80
Magnitude:
0.104
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Sport > Tennis
Score:
57
Magnitude:
0.075
Code:
15065000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/15065000
Wikidata_id:
Q847
Wikidata_label:
tennis
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Trials
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.073
Code:
2008000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02008000
Wikidata_id:
Q8016240
Wikidata_label:
trial
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.2
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
50.1
Gunning-Fog Score
11.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
6.9
Dale-Chall Readability Score
5.5
Sprache Readability Score
3.5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
15
Sprache Difficult Word Count
17
Joe Biden
The Montreal Convention contains several other provisions that modernize the liability regime for cargo. These provisions were drawn from those in Montreal Protocol No. 4 (to the Warsaw Convention), which the Senate approved in 1998.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.5
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.8473
VADER
-0.077
Neutral
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.061
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
85
Magnitude:
0.052
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
45.1
Gunning-Fog Score
10.4
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
9.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.8
Sprache Readability Score
3.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
16
Sprache Difficult Word Count
13
Joe Biden
The Montreal Convention is self-executing. No implementing legislation is required to fulfill U.S. obligations under it, and, like the Warsaw Convention, will provide the basis for a private right of action in U.S. courts for cases arising under it. Since the United States joined the Warsaw Convention in 1934, that convention has been the basis for hundreds of lawsuits in U.S. courts. Accordingly, a large body of judicial precedents has developed during these seven decades. The negotiators intended that, to the extent applicable, to preserve these precedents.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
0
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.63636
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.335
VADER
0.637
Very Positive
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.274
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Justice and Rights
Score:
56
Magnitude:
0.153
Code:
2007000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02007000
Wikidata_id:
Q5167661
Wikidata_label:
justice
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
54
Magnitude:
0.147
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.9
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
53.4
Gunning-Fog Score
9.5
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
10.8
Automated Readability Index
6.3
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.1
Sprache Readability Score
4.2
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
33
Sprache Difficult Word Count
31
Joe Biden
A question arises whether the judicial doctrine of forum non convenient applies to cases under the Montreal Convention. The circuit courts of appeals in the United States are divided on this question with regard to the Warsaw Convention. Compare Hosaka v. United Airlines, Inc., 305 F.3d 989 (9th Cir. 2020), cert. denied, 123 S. Ct. 1284 (2003) with In re Air Crash Disaster Near New Orleans, Louisiana on July 9, 1982, 821 F.2d 1147 (5th Cir. 1987) (en banc), vacated and remanded on other grounds sub nom. Pan American World Airways, Inc. v. Lopez, 490 U.S. 1032 (1989). At the diplomatic conference, the United States delegation offered an amendment to the draft text during a meeting of the "Friends of the Chairman's Group" to make clear that the doctrine may be applied if consistent with the country's procedural laws. See 1 International Civil Aviation Organization, International Conference on Air Law, Montreal 10-28 May 1999, at 159 (2001) (Advance Copy of Minutes). This provision was not incorporated in the final text of the Montreal Convention. The Committee on Foreign Relations did not address this issue in its deliberations.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.47368
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.47368
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.9694
VADER
0.511
Very Positive
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.448
Code:
11002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002000
Wikidata_id:
Q1889
Wikidata_label:
diplomacy
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Diplomacy > International Relations
Score:
75
Magnitude:
0.335
Code:
11002002
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11002002
Wikidata_id:
Q166542
Wikidata_label:
international relations
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > Judiciary (System of Justice)
Score:
74
Magnitude:
0.33
Code:
2002000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02002000
Wikidata_id:
Q105985
Wikidata_label:
judiciary
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
6
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
68.3
Gunning-Fog Score
7
Coleman-Liau Index
9.9
SMOG Index
10.6
Automated Readability Index
3.7
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.7
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
76
Sprache Difficult Word Count
72
Joe Biden
The Senate is also considering the Hague Protocol of 1955, a protocol to the Warsaw Convention. It was first submitted to the Senate in 1959, but then returned to the President in 1967. The circumstances that led to the return of the Protocol related to the unreasonably low liability limits that I described earlier. The Protocol was resubmitted by President Bush in 2002.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0
Neutral
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0
VADER
-0.599
Very Negative
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.268
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
63
Magnitude:
0.169
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
9.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
55.2
Gunning-Fog Score
12
Coleman-Liau Index
11.2
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
8.1
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6.3
Sprache Readability Score
4.1
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
22
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19
Joe Biden
The Protocol is still relevant for this reason: even with entry into force of the Montreal Convention, the Warsaw system will remain in force among many nations, probably for several years. The Hague Protocol contains many provisions modernizing the Warsaw's systems rules on cargo shipment, and therefore remains important for shippers and consumers.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.60944
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.42857
Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.78846
VADER
0.178
Leans Positive
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.094
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Defense
Score:
66
Magnitude:
0.061
Code:
11001000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11001000
Wikidata_id:
Q17991228
Wikidata_label:
national defence
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
12
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
26.7
Gunning-Fog Score
16.6
Coleman-Liau Index
12
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
12
Dale-Chall Readability Score
8.2
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
23
Sprache Difficult Word Count
21
Joe Biden
In 1998, the Senate approved Montreal Protocol No. 4, a protocol to the Warsaw Convention; the United States became a party to the Protocol in March 1999. At the time, it was presumed that, in doing so, the United States also became bound by the provisions of the Hague Protocol. Article XVII of Montreal Protocol No. 4 states that "[r]atification of this Protocol by any State which is not a Party to the Warsaw Convention or by any State which is not a Party to the Warsaw Convention as amended at The Hague, 1955, shall have the effect of accession to the Warsaw Convention as amended at the Hague, 1955, and by Protocol No. 4 of Montreal, 1975." Several courts in the United States appear to have assumed as much. E.g., Cortes v. American Airlines, Inc., 177 F.3d 1272 (11th Cir. 1999), cert. denied, 528 U.S. 1136 (2000; Motorola, Inc. v. Federal Express Corp., 308 F.3d 995 (9th Cir. 2002), cert. denied sub nom., Kuehne & Nagel, Inc. v. Motorola, Inc., 123 S. Ct. 2213 (2003). In submitting the Montreal Convention to the Senate, the Executive Branch stated that "[i]n accordance with the provisions of Montreal Protocol No. 4, the United States also became bound by the provisions of The Hague Protocol when it ratified Montreal Protocol No. 4." See S. Treaty Doc. 106-45, at ix (2000).
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
1
Very Positive
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.66667
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.29928
VADER
-0.401
Negative
Topics
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.26
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
3.7
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
80.5
Gunning-Fog Score
5.4
Coleman-Liau Index
7.1
SMOG Index
9.5
Automated Readability Index
0.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
84
Sprache Difficult Word Count
46
Joe Biden
A decision in 2000 by the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit has raised a question about whether the United States has treaty relations under the Hague Protocol with certain states. See Chubb & Son, Inc. v. Asiana Airlines, 214 F.2d 301 (2d Cir. 2000), cert. denied, 533 U.S. 928 (2001). The executive branch elaborated on this issue in its submission of the Hague Protocol in 2002. S. Treaty Doc. 107-14, at viii-ix (2002). Approval of the Hague Protocol at this time will end any uncertainty that may exist about the question of the status of the United States as a party to the Hague Protocol Mr. President, the Montreal Convention is an important achievement, the culmination of many decades of effort by the United States and many U.S. citizens to remove the unreasonably low liability limits of the Warsaw Convention. I commend the Clinton Administration negotiators for their fine work in 1999, as well as the many officials of the State and Transportation Departments, before and after 1999, who have worked to develop this treaty and present it to the Senate. The Montreal Convention is supported by all the main interests in the private sector -- the airlines, passenger groups, cargo firms, and attorneys representing passengers. It deserves the support of the Senate.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-0.6
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.28
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.28
Slightly Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
0.55207
VADER
0.97
Very Positive
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Treaty
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.332
Code:
11027000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11027000
Wikidata_id:
Q131569
Wikidata_label:
treaty
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
94
Magnitude:
0.313
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
7.1
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
63.6
Gunning-Fog Score
8.8
Coleman-Liau Index
10.6
SMOG Index
11.3
Automated Readability Index
5.2
Dale-Chall Readability Score
6
Sprache Readability Score
5
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
77
Sprache Difficult Word Count
67
Joe Biden
I want to thank Chairman Lugar and his staff for bringing this treaty forward at this time, and for ensuring Senate action prior to the August recess. I urge all my colleagues to support the Montreal Convention and the Hague Protocol.
Sentiment
Loughran McDonald (Relative)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Absolute)
-1
Very Negative
Loughran McDonald (Logit)
-1.09861
Harvard-IV (Relative)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Absolute)
0.71429
Very Positive
Harvard-IV (Logit)
1.46634
VADER
0.765
Very Positive
Topics
Topic:
Politics > Parliament
Score:
100
Magnitude:
0.102
Code:
11009000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11009000
Wikidata_id:
Q35749
Wikidata_label:
parliament
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Politics > Treaty
Score:
92
Magnitude:
0.093
Code:
11027000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/11027000
Wikidata_id:
Q131569
Wikidata_label:
treaty
Source:
IPTC Subject
Topic:
Crime, Law and Justice > International Law
Score:
68
Magnitude:
0.069
Code:
2011000
Url:
https://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/02011000
Wikidata_id:
Q4394526
Wikidata_label:
international law
Source:
IPTC Subject
Readability
Flesch-Kincaid Grade
10.5
Flesch-Kincaid Ease
56
Gunning-Fog Score
10.2
Coleman-Liau Index
11.6
SMOG Index
12
Automated Readability Index
10.8
Dale-Chall Readability Score
7.9
Sprache Readability Score
4.7
Dale-Chall Difficult Word Score
18
Sprache Difficult Word Count
19