The House Judiciary Committee kicked off a Republican push on immigration bills Tuesday with witnesses who gave President Barack Obama’s enforcement policies unflattering descriptions, such as “permanent dysfunction” and “an intentional and flagrant disregard of the law.”

The hearing came on the same day that members of the Senate failed to clear a procedural hurdle on a House-passed appropriations bill that would nullify past executive actions on immigration, underlining Republicans’ opposition to White House on both sides of the Capitol.